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  1. Book ; Online ; E-Book: Dieting, overweight, and obesity

    Stroebe, Wolfgang

    self-regulation in a food-rich environment

    2023  

    Author's details Wolfgang Stroebe
    Keywords Obesity / psychology ; Obesity / diet therapy ; Diet, Reducing / psychology ; Weight Loss ; Obesity ; Obesity/Psychological aspects ; Reducing diets ; Weight loss ; Self-control
    Subject code 362.196398
    Language English
    Size 1 Online-Ressource (xvii, 321 Seiten), Illustrationen
    Edition Second edition
    Publisher Routledge
    Publishing place London
    Publishing country Great Britain
    Document type Book ; Online ; E-Book
    Remark Zugriff für angemeldete ZB MED-Nutzerinnen und -Nutzer
    HBZ-ID HT021400231
    ISBN 978-0-42987-547-2 ; 978-0-42946-438-6 ; 9781138596535 ; 9781138613676 ; 0-42987-547-9 ; 0-42946-438-X ; 1138596531 ; 1138613673
    DOI 10.4324/9780429464386
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  2. Article ; Online: The Myth of the Need for Diversity Among Subjects in Theory-Testing Research: Comments on "Racial Inequality in Psychological Research" by Roberts et al. (2020).

    Stroebe, Wolfgang

    Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science

    2024  Volume 19, Issue 3, Page(s) 576–579

    Abstract: Roberts and colleagues focus on two aspects of racial inequality in psychological research, namely an alleged underrepresentation of racial minorities and the effects attributed to this state of affairs. My comment focuses only on one aspect, namely the ... ...

    Abstract Roberts and colleagues focus on two aspects of racial inequality in psychological research, namely an alleged underrepresentation of racial minorities and the effects attributed to this state of affairs. My comment focuses only on one aspect, namely the assumed consequences of the lack of diversity in subject populations. Representativeness of samples is essential in survey research or applied research that examines whether a particular intervention will work for a particular population. Representativeness or diversity is not necessary in theory-testing research, where we attempt to establish laws of causality. Because theories typically apply to all of humanity, all members of humanity (even American undergraduates) are suitable for assessing the validity of theoretical hypotheses. Admittedly, the assumption that a theory applies to all of humanity is also a hypothesis that can be tested. However, to test it, we need theoretical hypotheses about specific moderating variables. Supporting a theory with a racially diverse sample does not make conclusions more valid than support from a nondiverse sample. In fact, cause-effect conclusions based on a diverse sample might not be valid for any member of that sample.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Cultural Diversity ; Psychological Theory ; Ethnic and Racial Minorities ; Racism ; Psychology ; Research Design
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2224911-4
    ISSN 1745-6924 ; 1745-6916
    ISSN (online) 1745-6924
    ISSN 1745-6916
    DOI 10.1177/17456916241236165
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  3. Article ; Online: Is the energy balance explanation of the obesity epidemic wrong?

    Stroebe, Wolfgang

    Appetite

    2023  Volume 188, Page(s) 106614

    Abstract: There is a striking discrepancy in both U.S and the U.K data between obesity rates, which are increasing, and self-reported food consumption rates, which are decreasing. There are two possible explanations for this discrepancy, namely that the widely ... ...

    Abstract There is a striking discrepancy in both U.S and the U.K data between obesity rates, which are increasing, and self-reported food consumption rates, which are decreasing. There are two possible explanations for this discrepancy, namely that the widely accepted energy balance interpretation of obesity is wrong or that food consumption data are somehow biased. In a comment entitled "Obesity-an unexplained epidemic", Mozaffarian (2022) challenged the Energy Balance Model (EBM) and argued for a need to replace it with a novel biological theory. This challenge is premature, because there are psychological explanations for this discrepancy, namely that individuals with overweight and obesity underreport their food consumption and that this tendency has increased in recent years. To support these hypotheses, U.S and U.K data are reviewed that used the Doubly Labelled Water method (DLW), which is the gold standard for estimating energy expenditure. Such studies find not only consistent evidence of underreporting, but also that the discrepancy between measured energy expenditure and reported calorie consumption increased over time. Two psychological explanations for this pattern are discussed.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Obesity/epidemiology ; Overweight ; Energy Intake ; Water ; Energy Metabolism
    Chemical Substances Water (059QF0KO0R)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-02
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1461347-5
    ISSN 1095-8304 ; 0195-6663
    ISSN (online) 1095-8304
    ISSN 0195-6663
    DOI 10.1016/j.appet.2023.106614
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Could implementation intentions improve the efficacy of behavioral weight-loss treatment?

    Stroebe, Wolfgang

    Appetite

    2023  Volume 186, Page(s) 106508

    Abstract: Although behavioral weight loss treatment can result in health benefits, the effects on weight loss are generally disappointing, with lost weight regained within a few years. Because these problems appear to be due to a failure to execute the strong ... ...

    Abstract Although behavioral weight loss treatment can result in health benefits, the effects on weight loss are generally disappointing, with lost weight regained within a few years. Because these problems appear to be due to a failure to execute the strong weight control intentions formed during treatment, the use of implementation intentions is suggested to bridge that intention-behavior gap. In contrast to behavioral intentions, implementation intentions specify the situation in which the behavior should be enacted. Although implementation intentions have generally been very effective in increasing the likelihood of goal attainment for a wide range of behaviors, results with regard to eating have been mixed. Especially disappointing have been the findings of a large study that added implementation intentions to a clinical weight loss treatment and found no effects either on weight loss or on weight loss maintenance (Knäuper et al., 2018). I argue that this failure is due to the use of implementation intentions that target specific eating behaviors. According to the goal conflict model of eating, implementation intentions are most effective if they prime the weight control goal; implementation intentions targeting specific behaviors do not reliably do that. I review evidence that the implementation intention to think of dieting when confronted with palatable food items primes weight control thoughts. It also reduces eating of primed foods and even result in weight loss.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Intention ; Feeding Behavior ; Weight Loss ; Motivation ; Food
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1461347-5
    ISSN 1095-8304 ; 0195-6663
    ISSN (online) 1095-8304
    ISSN 0195-6663
    DOI 10.1016/j.appet.2023.106508
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Suicide in Switzerland: why gun ownership can be deadly.

    Stroebe, Wolfgang

    Swiss medical weekly

    2023  Volume 153, Page(s) 40026

    Abstract: There is a great deal of empirical evidence that owning a firearm increases the risk of dying from suicide. Most suicides are impulsive. Nearly 50% of survivors of suicide attempts report that they took less than 10 minutes between the decision to die ... ...

    Abstract There is a great deal of empirical evidence that owning a firearm increases the risk of dying from suicide. Most suicides are impulsive. Nearly 50% of survivors of suicide attempts report that they took less than 10 minutes between the decision to die and their suicide attempt. The great majority of these suicide survivors never make another attempt and die of natural causes. Because nearly 90% of firearm suicide attempts have a deadly outcome, gun owners are unlikely to have such a second chance. These impulsive suicide attempts are typically carried out with the means at hand. Swiss men have much higher firearm suicide rates than men in other European countries and this excess is likely to be due to their easy access to guns, because army conscripts have to keep their guns at home. When the number of conscripts was nearly halved in 2003/4 as a result of the Swiss Army Reform XXI, the number of army-issued firearms was reduced by an estimated 20%. An analysis of suicide rates before and after the reform indicated that male (but not female) suicide rates decreased by 8%, with no evidence of substitution with other means of suicide. If the army would require that the remaining half of conscripts had to keep their weapons at their barracks rather than at home, a further decrease in male suicide rates could be expected.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Male ; Firearms ; Switzerland/epidemiology ; Ownership ; Suicide, Attempted ; Europe
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-06
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2036179-8
    ISSN 1424-3997 ; 1424-7860
    ISSN (online) 1424-3997
    ISSN 1424-7860
    DOI 10.57187/smw.2023.40026
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Ua VI Zs.152: Show issues Location:
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  6. Book: Social psychology and health

    Stroebe, Wolfgang

    (Mapping social psychology)

    2011  

    Author's details Wolfgang Stroebe
    Series title Mapping social psychology
    Keywords Health Behavior ; Psychology, Social
    Language English
    Size XI, 397 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.
    Edition 3. ed.
    Publisher McGraw Hill, Open Univ. Press
    Publishing place Maidenhead
    Publishing country Great Britain
    Document type Book
    HBZ-ID HT016948272
    ISBN 978-0-335-23809-5 ; 978-0-335-24052-4 ; 0-335-23809-2 ; 0-335-24052-6
    Database Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Shelf markLoan statusLocation
    2011 A 3785 order for loan Magazin

    Order via subito

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  7. Book: Dieting, overweight, and obesity

    Stroebe, Wolfgang

    self-regulation in a food-rich environment

    2008  

    Author's details Wolfgang Stroebe
    Keywords Obesity / psychology ; Obesity / diet therapy ; Diet, Reducing / psychology ; Weight Loss ; Obesity ; Obesity/Psychological aspects ; Reducing diets ; Weight loss ; Self-control
    Subject code 362.196398
    Language English
    Size XII, 275 S. : graph. Darst., 26 cm
    Edition 1. ed.
    Publisher American Psychological Assoc
    Publishing place Washington, DC
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Book
    Note Includes bibliographical references and index
    HBZ-ID HT015677027
    ISBN 1-4338-0335-6 ; 978-1-4338-0335-2
    Database Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Shelf markLoan statusLocation
    2008 A 5632 order for loan Magazin

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  8. Article ; Online: Passion for guns and beliefs in a dangerous world: An examination of defensive gun ownership.

    Bélanger, Jocelyn J / Leander, N Pontus / Agostini, Maximilian / Kreienkamp, Jannis / Stroebe, Wolfgang

    Aggressive behavior

    2024  Volume 50, Issue 3, Page(s) e22146

    Abstract: This research examines the notion of defensive gun ownership using the Dualistic Model of Passion. We hypothesized that an obsessive (vs. harmonious) passion for guns would be associated with a belief in a dangerous world (BDW). We expected this ... ...

    Abstract This research examines the notion of defensive gun ownership using the Dualistic Model of Passion. We hypothesized that an obsessive (vs. harmonious) passion for guns would be associated with a belief in a dangerous world (BDW). We expected this relationship to intensify in threatening contexts, leading to a more expansive view on defensive gun ownership. We tested this hypothesis across three threat contexts: a gun-control message (Study 1, N = 342), a live shooting simulation (Study 2, N = 398), and the aftermath of the Christchurch mass shootings (Study 3, N = 314). In the experimental Study 1, exposure to a gun-control message increased the intention to purchase guns among those with an obsessive passion (OP) for guns. Study 2 revealed that BDW mediated the relationship between OP and assertive modes of protection, the desire to purchase high-stopping-power guns, and anti-Black racial bias in a shooting task. Study 3 showed that knowledge of the Christchurch attack intensified the link between OP and BDW, leading to increased support for gun access, a willingness to act as a citizen-protector, and prejudice against Muslims. Comprehending these dynamics can assist policymakers in crafting messaging campaigns for firearm regulation and public safety measures that are more effective.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Firearms ; Ownership ; Intention ; Emotions ; Dangerous Behavior
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 189812-7
    ISSN 1098-2337 ; 0096-140X
    ISSN (online) 1098-2337
    ISSN 0096-140X
    DOI 10.1002/ab.22146
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 1112: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  9. Article ; Online: The Task of Social Psychology Is to Explain Behavior not Just to Observe it

    Wolfgang Stroebe

    Social Psychological Bulletin, Vol 13, Iss 2, Pp 1-

    2018  Volume 8

    Abstract: Doliński (2018, this issue) deplores the decline of behavior observation in social psychology since the 1960’s and asks whether (social-) psychology is still a behavioral science. I question both, that there was a decline and that direct behavior ... ...

    Abstract Doliński (2018, this issue) deplores the decline of behavior observation in social psychology since the 1960’s and asks whether (social-) psychology is still a behavioral science. I question both, that there was a decline and that direct behavior observations are essential for a science of behavior. After all, behavior can also be inferred from outcomes and other traces of behavior. During the alleged heydays of behavioral observation, social psychology was threatened by a crisis partly precipitated by Wicker’s (1969) demonstration that verbal attitude measures were often unrelated to behavioral responses towards attitude objects. His critique was devastating, because social psychology at that time relied heavily on rating scales as dependent measure. The advance of the social cognition movement in the 1970’s was to provide social psychology with new techniques (e.g., priming, cognitive load, reaction time techniques) that eased the reliance on rating scales. At the same time, it became insufficient to merely show a relationship between an external event and a behavioral response and to rely on speculations about the internal processes that might have been responsible for this relationship. Instead, studies had to assess the cognitive and motivational processes assumed to link those external events, typically – but not always – using social cognition techniques. This required additional studies leading to a decline in the proportion of studies reporting behavioral observations. I illustrate this development with one of my own research programs and also suggest that in this example an outcome may be a more valid measure of behavior than behavioral observations.
    Keywords Psychology ; BF1-990 ; Social Sciences ; H
    Subject code 150
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher PsychOpen
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: Why Good Teaching Evaluations May Reward Bad Teaching: On Grade Inflation and Other Unintended Consequences of Student Evaluations.

    Stroebe, Wolfgang

    Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science

    2016  Volume 11, Issue 6, Page(s) 800–816

    Abstract: In this article, I address the paradox that university grade point averages have increased for decades, whereas the time students invest in their studies has decreased. I argue that one major contributor to this paradox is grading leniency, encouraged by ...

    Abstract In this article, I address the paradox that university grade point averages have increased for decades, whereas the time students invest in their studies has decreased. I argue that one major contributor to this paradox is grading leniency, encouraged by the practice of university administrators to base important personnel decisions on student evaluations of teaching. Grading leniency creates strong incentives for instructors to teach in ways that would result in good student evaluations. Because many instructors believe that the average student prefers courses that are entertaining, require little work, and result in high grades, they feel under pressure to conform to those expectations. Evidence is presented that the positive association between student grades and their evaluation of teaching reflects a bias rather than teaching effectiveness. If good teaching evaluations reflected improved student learning due to effective teaching, they should be positively related to the grades received in subsequent courses that build on knowledge gained in the previous course. Findings that teaching evaluations of concurrent courses, though positively correlated with concurrent grades, are negatively related to student performance in subsequent courses are more consistent with the assumption that concurrent evaluations are the result of lenient grading rather than effective teaching. Policy implications are discussed.
    MeSH term(s) Educational Status ; Faculty/psychology ; Humans ; Learning ; Models, Psychological ; Perception ; Reward ; Students/psychology ; Teaching ; Time Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2224911-4
    ISSN 1745-6924 ; 1745-6916
    ISSN (online) 1745-6924
    ISSN 1745-6916
    DOI 10.1177/1745691616650284
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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