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  1. Book ; Online ; E-Book: An atlas of skeletal trauma in medico-legal contexts

    Blau, Soren / Ranson, David / O'Donnell, Chris

    2018  

    Author's details Soren Blau, David Ranson, Chris O'Donnell
    Language English
    Size 1 Online-Ressource (xvii, 778 Seiten)
    Publisher Academic Press
    Publishing place London
    Publishing country Great Britain
    Document type Book ; Online ; E-Book
    Remark Zugriff für angemeldete ZB MED-Nutzerinnen und -Nutzer
    HBZ-ID HT019511203
    ISBN 978-0-12-803794-2 ; 9780128037591 ; 0-12-803794-6 ; 0128037598
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  2. Article ; Online: Perspectives on relative energy deficiency in sport (RED-S): A qualitative case study of athletes, coaches and medical professionals from a super league netball club.

    O'Donnell, Justine / White, Chris / Dobbin, Nick

    PloS one

    2023  Volume 18, Issue 5, Page(s) e0285040

    Abstract: Background: Research into relative energy deficiency in sport (RED-S) has increased substantially over recent years given the impact on athletes' health and performance. Most studies have considered sports that place emphasis on the aesthetics, ... ...

    Abstract Background: Research into relative energy deficiency in sport (RED-S) has increased substantially over recent years given the impact on athletes' health and performance. Most studies have considered sports that place emphasis on the aesthetics, endurance, or weight-restriction. Fewer studies exist in team sports. Netball is a team sport yet to be explored despite players potentially being at risk of RED-S given the high training volumes, sporting culture, internal and external pressures, and small network of coaches and medical professionals. A qualitative case study was used to explore the perspective of athletes, coaches, and medical professionals on RED-S.
    Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 players, 4 coaches and 4 medical professionals affiliated to a Super League club. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. The data was analysed using thematic analysis.
    Results: Five main themes were identified in this study. Awareness of RED-S amongst athletes and coaches was generally inadequate whereas medical professionals had some awareness of RED-S. Some athletes used contraception to reduce discomfort/pain during menstruation whilst others expressed concerns around long-term contraceptive use and previous menstrual cycle disturbance. Sporting demands, individual and contextual factors, and a preoccupation with body image were associated with nutritional restriction, whilst appearance was a source of internal and external pressure. External pressures also extended to coaches, assessments/feedback, social media, and commentary. Strategies suggested to reduce the risk of RED-S included "hard hitting cases", multidisciplinary team involvement, and support from the governing body.
    Conclusion: The findings of this study provide insight into factors potentially associated with the risk of RED-S from an athletes, coaches, and medical professional perspective. This insight can be used to increase overall awareness of RED-S in key stakeholders as well as improve the recognition for the pressures netball athletes face that might alter the level of risk.
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Humans ; Basketball ; Athletes ; Nutritional Status ; Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0285040
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: NF-kB and the CLL microenvironment.

    O'Donnell, Alice / Pepper, Chris / Mitchell, Simon / Pepper, Andrea

    Frontiers in oncology

    2023  Volume 13, Page(s) 1169397

    Abstract: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most prevalent type of leukemia in the western world. Despite the positive clinical effects of new targeted therapies, CLL still remains an incurable and refractory disease and resistance to treatments are ... ...

    Abstract Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most prevalent type of leukemia in the western world. Despite the positive clinical effects of new targeted therapies, CLL still remains an incurable and refractory disease and resistance to treatments are commonly encountered. The Nuclear Factor-Kappa B (NF-κB) transcription factor has been implicated in the pathology of CLL, with high levels of NF-κB associated with disease progression and drug resistance. This aberrant NF-κB activation can be caused by genetic mutations in the tumor cells and microenvironmental factors, which promote NF-κB signaling. Activation can be induced
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-30
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2649216-7
    ISSN 2234-943X
    ISSN 2234-943X
    DOI 10.3389/fonc.2023.1169397
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  4. Article ; Online: Extensive subcutaneous needle fragment retention due to injecting drug use.

    Glengarry, Joanna / Lynch, Matthew / O'Donnell, Chris

    Forensic science, medicine, and pathology

    2022  Volume 19, Issue 1, Page(s) 124–128

    Abstract: Deaths in those with a history of injecting drug use commonly come to the attention of forensic pathologists, and therefore, one must have knowledge of possible findings and hazards of performing autopsies in these cases. This case demonstrates the ... ...

    Abstract Deaths in those with a history of injecting drug use commonly come to the attention of forensic pathologists, and therefore, one must have knowledge of possible findings and hazards of performing autopsies in these cases. This case demonstrates the finding of extensive retained broken needles in the subcutis of the arms and femoral region in a man with a long history of injecting drug use. While few or single broken needles are not uncommonly encountered, the multiplicity of needles in this case is noteworthy. We have demonstrated the findings both radiologically with PMCT and by conventional autopsy.
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Humans ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Forensic Pathology ; Autopsy ; Substance-Related Disorders/complications ; Cause of Death
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2195904-3
    ISSN 1556-2891 ; 1547-769X
    ISSN (online) 1556-2891
    ISSN 1547-769X
    DOI 10.1007/s12024-022-00543-9
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  5. Article ; Online: Potentials of post-mortem CT (PMCT) in paediatric cases related to SARS-CoV-2 infection.

    Filograna, Laura / Manenti, Guglielmo / O'Donnell, Chris / Floris, Roberto / Oliva, Antonio

    Forensic science, medicine, and pathology

    2023  Volume 19, Issue 2, Page(s) 289–290

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Child ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Autopsy ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Cause of Death
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2195904-3
    ISSN 1556-2891 ; 1547-769X
    ISSN (online) 1556-2891
    ISSN 1547-769X
    DOI 10.1007/s12024-023-00600-x
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  6. Article ; Online: Fatal gastric volvulus: forensic pathology considerations and postmortem CT findings.

    Littlewood, Marcus / O'Donnell, Chris / Parsons, Sarah / Archer, Melanie S / de Boer, Hans H

    Forensic science, medicine, and pathology

    2023  

    Abstract: Gastric volvulus is a rare cause of gastric obstruction, due to the rotation of the stomach by more than 180°. It is a rare but life-threatening medical emergency that is considered difficult to diagnose at the initial clinical presentation. Forensic ... ...

    Abstract Gastric volvulus is a rare cause of gastric obstruction, due to the rotation of the stomach by more than 180°. It is a rare but life-threatening medical emergency that is considered difficult to diagnose at the initial clinical presentation. Forensic pathologists may be presented with gastric volvulus in several ways, for instance, as a cause of sudden and unexpected death or in the context of suspected clinical errors. The post-mortem examination of gastric volvulus may be challenging, due to the specific technical issues it presents and the various mechanisms by which volvulus may cause death. We therefore present five cases of gastric volvulus that in combination represent almost the entire spectrum of presentations and post-mortem findings, to discuss how gastric volvulus may come to the attention of a forensic pathologist, the approach and findings at post-mortem examination (including post-mortem CT), and the variety of mechanisms by which gastric volvulus may result in death.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2195904-3
    ISSN 1556-2891 ; 1547-769X
    ISSN (online) 1556-2891
    ISSN 1547-769X
    DOI 10.1007/s12024-023-00642-1
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  7. Article ; Online: Social exclusion and its impact on health over the life course: A realist review protocol.

    Siersbaek, Rikke / O'Donnell, Chris / Parker, Sarah / Ford, John / Burke, Sara / Ní Cheallaigh, Clíona

    HRB open research

    2023  Volume 6, Page(s) 34

    Abstract: Background: Social exclusion is a process whereby certain individuals are born into or pushed to the margins of society and prevented from participating in social, cultural, economic, and political life. People who experience social exclusion are not ... ...

    Abstract Background: Social exclusion is a process whereby certain individuals are born into or pushed to the margins of society and prevented from participating in social, cultural, economic, and political life. People who experience social exclusion are not afforded the same rights and privileges as other population groups. Socially excluded people often experience poorer outcomes in a variety of domains including health, education, employment, and housing than people with socio-economic privilege. People experiencing social exclusion frequently have higher and more complex health needs and poorer access to healthcare than the general population. The aim of this study is to better understand and explain how social exclusion occurs and how it impacts health over the life course.
    Methods: A realist review will be undertaken. Data will be collected via a systematic search of databases of peer-reviewed literature and further iterative searches of peer-reviewed and other literatures as needed. The following data bases will be searched: MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and ASSIA, using both indexed subject headings in each database and relevant key words. Grey literature will be searched via Google Scholar and relevant websites of organisations that work with populations affected by social exclusion.
    Conclusion: A realist review will be conducted to explain the underlying societal mechanisms which produce social exclusion and related health outcomes in particular contexts affecting excluded population groups across the life course. The study has the potential to inform policy makers and service managers of how and why social exclusion occurs and potential key intervention points to prevent exclusion from happening.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-12
    Publishing country Ireland
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2515-4826
    ISSN (online) 2515-4826
    DOI 10.12688/hrbopenres.13746.2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Suspension-associated dislocation of the jaw in hanging.

    Glengarry, Joanna / Beaugeois, Megane / Bugeja, Lyndal / Huggins, Richard / O'Donnell, Chris

    International journal of legal medicine

    2023  Volume 137, Issue 5, Page(s) 1489–1495

    Abstract: Hanging is a common type of death, and the role of the medical investigation of such deaths by a forensic pathologist not only requires the determination of the cause of death but providing information to assist in the determination of the manner of ... ...

    Abstract Hanging is a common type of death, and the role of the medical investigation of such deaths by a forensic pathologist not only requires the determination of the cause of death but providing information to assist in the determination of the manner of death. The forensic pathologist should be well versed in the spectrum of injuries known to be associated with neck compression, to document injuries known to be associated with hanging, but also to identify those that are inconsistent with self-inflicted hanging or that may suggest the involvement of a third party in the death. Comprehensive identification and correct interpretation of external and internal injury are crucial for the appropriate degree of police and coroner/medical examiner investigation. We present two cases of deaths believed to be caused by self-inflicted hanging that were observed to have unexpected unilateral dislocation of the temporomandibular joint identified on routine post-mortem computed tomography, without any evidence of involvement of a third party. This injury was unexplained and had not been previously observed at our Forensic Institute nor was it identified after a review of the published biomedical research literature. Issues regarding the cause of this abnormality, possible mechanisms, and the medicolegal significance of this finding will be discussed.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Autopsy/methods ; Forensic Medicine ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods ; Asphyxia/etiology ; Cause of Death ; Forensic Pathology/methods
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-18
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Review ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1055109-8
    ISSN 1437-1596 ; 0937-9827
    ISSN (online) 1437-1596
    ISSN 0937-9827
    DOI 10.1007/s00414-023-03059-1
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    bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  9. Article ; Online: Lethal hemorrhage from iliac vein rupture complicating inferior vena cava thrombosis demonstrated by post-mortem CT angiography.

    Glengarry, Joanna / Lynch, Matthew / Heath, Karen / O'Donnell, Chris

    Forensic science, medicine, and pathology

    2022  Volume 18, Issue 4, Page(s) 485–490

    Abstract: Spontaneous iliac vein rupture is a rare cause of retroperitoneal hemorrhage that may present to the forensic pathologist. It has been reported in association with venous thrombosis, anatomical variants such as May-Thurner syndrome, and as a complication ...

    Abstract Spontaneous iliac vein rupture is a rare cause of retroperitoneal hemorrhage that may present to the forensic pathologist. It has been reported in association with venous thrombosis, anatomical variants such as May-Thurner syndrome, and as a complication of a long-term indwelling IVC filter. It has a female predominance and most often occurs due to rupture of the left iliac vein. This is the first report of the use of post-mortem computed tomography (PMCT) and post-mortem computed tomography angiography (PMCTA) as an adjunct to a conventional autopsy to diagnose rupture of the left iliac vein causing retroperitoneal hemorrhage arising as a complication of an inferior vena cava (IVC) thrombus. We discuss the use of PMCTA as a useful tool in the diagnosis of vascular injury and how it can be used to assist the forensic pathologist. The use of PMCT with PMCTA is an invaluable adjunct to conventional autopsy to diagnose the site of vascular rupture.
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Humans ; Male ; Iliac Vein/diagnostic imaging ; Iliac Vein/injuries ; Autopsy/methods ; Computed Tomography Angiography/adverse effects ; Vena Cava, Inferior/diagnostic imaging ; Vascular System Injuries/complications ; Venous Thrombosis/diagnostic imaging ; Venous Thrombosis/etiology ; Hemorrhage/etiology ; Rupture ; Rupture, Spontaneous
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2195904-3
    ISSN 1556-2891 ; 1547-769X
    ISSN (online) 1556-2891
    ISSN 1547-769X
    DOI 10.1007/s12024-022-00507-z
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  10. Article ; Online: Post-mortem CT lung findings at a medicolegal institute in SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR positive cases with autopsy correlation.

    O'Donnell, Chris / Iles, Linda / Woodford, Noel

    Forensic science, medicine, and pathology

    2021  Volume 17, Issue 4, Page(s) 611–620

    Abstract: CoVID-19 is a novel viral infection with now well-established clinical radiological findings. There is limited data on post-mortem imaging. We explore the proposition that PMCT could be used as screening test. In an 11-week period, 39 deceased persons ... ...

    Abstract CoVID-19 is a novel viral infection with now well-established clinical radiological findings. There is limited data on post-mortem imaging. We explore the proposition that PMCT could be used as screening test. In an 11-week period, 39 deceased persons were referred for medicolegal investigation with pre-existing or subsequent nasopharyngeal swabs showing positivity on SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR testing. All 39 had routine whole-body CT scans on admission and 12 underwent medicolegal autopsy. These cases were contrasted with 4 others which were negative on nasopharyngeal swabs despite PMCT findings suggestive of CoVID-19 pneumonia (designated false positive). Nine of the 12 autopsies showed lung histology consistent with those reported in CoVID-19 pneumonia. Typical clinical CoVID-19 lung findings on PMCT were only detected in 5 (42%). In 3 of the 4 false positive cases, lung findings showed non-COVID-19 histology but in 1, findings were identical. PMCT CoVID-19 findings in the lungs are therefore not specific and may not be detected in all cases due to obscuration by expected agonal CT findings or other pathologies that pre-dated SARS-CoV-2 infection. PMCT findings may otherwise be subtle. Although PMCT may hint at CoVID-19, we believe that nasopharyngeal swabs are still required for definitive diagnosis. Even with positive swabs, clinical CoVID-19 lung findings on PMCT are often not detected. PMCT findings can be subtle, extreme or obscured by agonal changes. Given this range of PMCT changes, the challenge for pathologists is to determine whether death has been caused by, or merely associated with, SARS-CoV-2 infection.
    MeSH term(s) Autopsy ; COVID-19 ; Humans ; Lung/diagnostic imaging ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2195904-3
    ISSN 1556-2891 ; 1547-769X
    ISSN (online) 1556-2891
    ISSN 1547-769X
    DOI 10.1007/s12024-021-00389-7
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