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  1. Article ; Online: Structural variants identified using non-Mendelian inheritance patterns advance the mechanistic understanding of autism spectrum disorder

    David Kainer / Alan R. Templeton / Erica T. Prates / Daniel Jacboson / Euan R.O. Allan / Sharlee Climer / Michael R. Garvin

    HGG Advances, Vol 4, Iss 1, Pp 100150- (2023)

    1480  

    Abstract: Summary: The heritability of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), based on 680,000 families and five countries, is estimated to be nearly 80%, yet heritability reported from SNP-based studies are consistently lower, and few significant loci have been ... ...

    Abstract Summary: The heritability of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), based on 680,000 families and five countries, is estimated to be nearly 80%, yet heritability reported from SNP-based studies are consistently lower, and few significant loci have been identified with genome-wide association studies. This gap in genomic information may reside in rare variants, interaction among variants (epistasis), or cryptic structural variation (SV) and may provide mechanisms that underlie ASD. Here we use a method to identify potential SVs based on non-Mendelian inheritance patterns in pedigrees using parent-child genotypes from ASD families and demonstrate that they are enriched in ASD-risk genes. Most are in non-coding genic space and are over-represented in expression quantitative trait loci, suggesting that they affect gene regulation, which we confirm with their overlap of differentially expressed genes in postmortem brain tissue of ASD individuals. We then identify an SV in the GRIK2 gene that alters RNA splicing and a regulatory region of the ACMSD gene in the kynurenine pathway as significantly associated with a non-verbal ASD phenotype, supporting our hypothesis that these currently excluded loci can provide a clearer mechanistic understanding of ASD. Finally, we use an explainable artificial intelligence approach to define subgroups demonstrating their use in the context of precision medicine.
    Keywords Genomic structural variation ; missing heritability ; autism spectrum disorder ; Mendelian inheritance ; artificial intelligence ; precision medicine ; Genetics ; QH426-470
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Structural variants identified using non-Mendelian inheritance patterns advance the mechanistic understanding of autism spectrum disorder.

    Kainer, David / Templeton, Alan R / Prates, Erica T / Jacboson, Daniel / Allan, Euan R O / Climer, Sharlee / Garvin, Michael R

    HGG advances

    2022  Volume 4, Issue 1, Page(s) 100150

    Abstract: The heritability of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), based on 680,000 families and five countries, is estimated to be nearly 80%, yet heritability reported from SNP-based studies are consistently lower, and few significant loci have been identified with ... ...

    Abstract The heritability of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), based on 680,000 families and five countries, is estimated to be nearly 80%, yet heritability reported from SNP-based studies are consistently lower, and few significant loci have been identified with genome-wide association studies. This gap in genomic information may reside in rare variants, interaction among variants (epistasis), or cryptic structural variation (SV) and may provide mechanisms that underlie ASD. Here we use a method to identify potential SVs based on non-Mendelian inheritance patterns in pedigrees using parent-child genotypes from ASD families and demonstrate that they are enriched in ASD-risk genes. Most are in non-coding genic space and are over-represented in expression quantitative trait loci, suggesting that they affect gene regulation, which we confirm with their overlap of differentially expressed genes in postmortem brain tissue of ASD individuals. We then identify an SV in the GRIK2 gene that alters RNA splicing and a regulatory region of the
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Autism Spectrum Disorder/genetics ; Genome-Wide Association Study/methods ; Artificial Intelligence ; Quantitative Trait Loci/genetics ; Inheritance Patterns/genetics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ISSN 2666-2477
    ISSN (online) 2666-2477
    DOI 10.1016/j.xhgg.2022.100150
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Characterization of aromatic acid/proton symporters in Pseudomonas putida KT2440 toward efficient microbial conversion of lignin-related aromatics.

    Wada, Ayumu / Prates, Érica T / Hirano, Ryo / Werner, Allison Z / Kamimura, Naofumi / Jacobson, Daniel A / Beckham, Gregg T / Masai, Eiji

    Metabolic engineering

    2021  Volume 64, Page(s) 167–179

    Abstract: Pseudomonas putida KT2440 (hereafter KT2440) is a well-studied platform bacterium for the production of industrially valuable chemicals from heterogeneous mixtures of aromatic compounds obtained from lignin depolymerization. KT2440 can grow on lignin- ... ...

    Abstract Pseudomonas putida KT2440 (hereafter KT2440) is a well-studied platform bacterium for the production of industrially valuable chemicals from heterogeneous mixtures of aromatic compounds obtained from lignin depolymerization. KT2440 can grow on lignin-related monomers, such as ferulate (FA), 4-coumarate (4CA), vanillate (VA), 4-hydroxybenzoate (4HBA), and protocatechuate (PCA). Genes associated with their catabolism are known, but knowledge about the uptake systems remains limited. In this work, we studied the KT2440 transporters of lignin-related monomers and their substrate selectivity. Based on the inhibition by protonophores, we focused on five genes encoding aromatic acid/H
    MeSH term(s) Bacterial Proteins/genetics ; Bacterial Proteins/metabolism ; Lignin/metabolism ; Protons ; Pseudomonas putida/genetics ; Pseudomonas putida/metabolism ; Symporters
    Chemical Substances Bacterial Proteins ; Protons ; Symporters ; Lignin (9005-53-2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-04
    Publishing country Belgium
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 1470383-x
    ISSN 1096-7184 ; 1096-7176
    ISSN (online) 1096-7184
    ISSN 1096-7176
    DOI 10.1016/j.ymben.2021.01.013
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Catalytic Mechanism of Aryl-Ether Bond Cleavage in Lignin by LigF and LigG.

    Prates, Erica Teixeira / Crowley, Michael F / Skaf, Munir S / Beckham, Gregg T

    The journal of physical chemistry. B

    2019  Volume 123, Issue 48, Page(s) 10142–10151

    Abstract: Given the abundance of lignin in nature, multiple enzyme systems have been discovered to cleave the β-O-4 bonds, the most prevalent intermonomer linkage. In particular, stereospecific cleavage of lignin oligomers by ... ...

    Abstract Given the abundance of lignin in nature, multiple enzyme systems have been discovered to cleave the β-O-4 bonds, the most prevalent intermonomer linkage. In particular, stereospecific cleavage of lignin oligomers by glutathione
    MeSH term(s) Bacterial Proteins/chemistry ; Bacterial Proteins/metabolism ; Biocatalysis ; Catalytic Domain ; Coenzymes/chemistry ; Coenzymes/metabolism ; Glutathione/chemistry ; Glutathione/metabolism ; Glycoconjugates/chemistry ; Glycoconjugates/metabolism ; Hydrolysis ; Kinetics ; Lignin/chemistry ; Lignin/metabolism ; Lyases/chemistry ; Lyases/metabolism ; Molecular Dynamics Simulation ; Oxidoreductases/chemistry ; Oxidoreductases/metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Quantum Theory ; Sphingomonas/chemistry ; Sphingomonas/enzymology ; Stereoisomerism ; Substrate Specificity ; Thermodynamics
    Chemical Substances Bacterial Proteins ; Coenzymes ; Glycoconjugates ; Lignin (9005-53-2) ; Oxidoreductases (EC 1.-) ; aryl ether cleaving enzyme (EC 1.-) ; Lyases (EC 4.-) ; Glutathione (GAN16C9B8O)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-11-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ISSN 1520-5207
    ISSN (online) 1520-5207
    DOI 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b06243
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Catalytic Mechanism of Aryl-Ether Bond Cleavage in Lignin by LigF and LigG

    Prates, Erica Teixeira / Crowley, Michael F / Skaf, Munir S / Beckham, Gregg T

    Journal of physical chemistry. 2019 Nov. 05, v. 123, no. 48

    2019  

    Abstract: Given the abundance of lignin in nature, multiple enzyme systems have been discovered to cleave the β-O-4 bonds, the most prevalent intermonomer linkage. In particular, stereospecific cleavage of lignin oligomers by glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) has ... ...

    Abstract Given the abundance of lignin in nature, multiple enzyme systems have been discovered to cleave the β-O-4 bonds, the most prevalent intermonomer linkage. In particular, stereospecific cleavage of lignin oligomers by glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) has been reported in several sphingomonads. Here, we apply quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics simulations to study the mechanism of two glutathione-dependent enzymes in the β-aryl ether catabolic pathway of Sphingomonas sp. SYK-6, namely, LigF, a β-etherase, and LigG, a lyase. For LigF, the free-energy landscape supports a SN2 reaction mechanism, with the monoaromatic leaving group being promptly neutralized upon release. Specific interactions with conserved residues are responsible for stereoselectivity and for activation of the cofactor as a nucleophile. A glutathione conjugate is also released by LigF and serves the substrate of LigG, undergoing a SN2-like reaction, in which Cys15 acts as the nucleophile, to yield the second monoaromatic product. The simulations suggest that the electron-donating substituent at the para-position found in lignin-derived aromatics and the interaction with Tyr217 are essential for reactivity in LigG. Overall, this work deepens the understanding of the stereospecific enzymatic mechanisms in the β-aryl ether cleavage pathway and reveals key structural features underpinning the ligninolytic activity detected in several sphingomonad GSTs.
    Keywords Gibbs free energy ; Lewis bases ; Sphingomonas ; aromatic compounds ; biochemical pathways ; catalytic activity ; cleavage (chemistry) ; glutathione ; glutathione transferase ; lignin ; neutralization ; physical chemistry ; quantum mechanics ; reaction mechanisms ; stereoselectivity ; stereospecificity
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2019-1105
    Size p. 10142-10151.
    Publishing place American Chemical Society
    Document type Article
    ISSN 1520-5207
    DOI 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b06243
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  6. Article: Characterization of aromatic acid/proton symporters in Pseudomonas putida KT2440 toward efficient microbial conversion of lignin-related aromatics

    Wada, Ayumu / Prates, Érica T / Hirano, Ryo / Werner, Allison Z / Kamimura, Naofumi / Jacobson, Daniel A / Beckham, Gregg T / Masai, Eiji

    International Metabolic Engineering Society Metabolic engineering. 2021 Mar., v. 64

    2021  

    Abstract: Pseudomonas putida KT2440 (hereafter KT2440) is a well-studied platform bacterium for the production of industrially valuable chemicals from heterogeneous mixtures of aromatic compounds obtained from lignin depolymerization. KT2440 can grow on lignin- ... ...

    Abstract Pseudomonas putida KT2440 (hereafter KT2440) is a well-studied platform bacterium for the production of industrially valuable chemicals from heterogeneous mixtures of aromatic compounds obtained from lignin depolymerization. KT2440 can grow on lignin-related monomers, such as ferulate (FA), 4-coumarate (4CA), vanillate (VA), 4-hydroxybenzoate (4HBA), and protocatechuate (PCA). Genes associated with their catabolism are known, but knowledge about the uptake systems remains limited. In this work, we studied the KT2440 transporters of lignin-related monomers and their substrate selectivity. Based on the inhibition by protonophores, we focused on five genes encoding aromatic acid/H⁺ symporter family transporters categorized into major facilitator superfamily that uses the proton motive force. The mutants of PP_1376 (pcaK) and PP_3349 (hcnK) exhibited significantly reduced growth on PCA/4HBA and FA/4CA, respectively, while no change was observed on VA for any of the five gene mutants. At pH 9.0, the conversion of these compounds by hcnK mutant (FA/4CA) and vanK mutant (VA) was dramatically reduced, revealing that these transporters are crucial for the uptake of the anionic substrates at high pH. Uptake assays using ¹⁴C-labeled substrates in Escherichia coli and biosensor-based assays confirmed that PcaK, HcnK, and VanK have ability to take up PCA, FA/4CA, and VA/PCA, respectively. Additionally, analyses of the predicted protein structures suggest that the size and hydropathic properties of the substrate-binding sites of these transporters determine their substrate preferences. Overall, this study reveals that at physiological pH, PcaK and HcnK have a major role in the uptake of PCA/4HBA and FA/4CA, respectively, and VanK is a VA/PCA transporter. This information can contribute to the engineering of strains for the efficient conversion of lignin-related monomers to value-added chemicals.
    Keywords 4-hydroxybenzoic acid ; Escherichia coli ; Pseudomonas putida ; bacteria ; catabolism ; depolymerization ; genes ; lignin ; mutants ; pH ; proton-motive force ; symporters ; value added
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-03
    Size p. 167-179.
    Publishing place Elsevier Inc.
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-AP-2-clean
    ZDB-ID 1470383-x
    ISSN 1096-7184 ; 1096-7176
    ISSN (online) 1096-7184
    ISSN 1096-7176
    DOI 10.1016/j.ymben.2021.01.013
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  7. Article ; Online: Potential Pathogenicity Determinants Identified from Structural Proteomics of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2.

    Prates, Erica T / Garvin, Michael R / Pavicic, Mirko / Jones, Piet / Shah, Manesh / Demerdash, Omar / Amos, B Kirtley / Geiger, Armin / Jacobson, Daniel

    Molecular biology and evolution

    2020  Volume 38, Issue 2, Page(s) 702–715

    Abstract: Despite SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 being equipped with highly similar protein arsenals, the corresponding zoonoses have spread among humans at extremely different rates. The specific characteristics of these viruses that led to such distinct outcomes remain ...

    Abstract Despite SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 being equipped with highly similar protein arsenals, the corresponding zoonoses have spread among humans at extremely different rates. The specific characteristics of these viruses that led to such distinct outcomes remain unclear. Here, we apply proteome-wide comparative structural analysis aiming to identify the unique molecular elements in the SARS-CoV-2 proteome that may explain the differing consequences. By combining protein modeling and molecular dynamics simulations, we suggest nonconservative substitutions in functional regions of the spike glycoprotein (S), nsp1, and nsp3 that are contributing to differences in virulence. Particularly, we explain why the substitutions at the receptor-binding domain of S affect the structure-dynamics behavior in complexes with putative host receptors. Conservation of functional protein regions within the two taxa is also noteworthy. We suggest that the highly conserved main protease, nsp5, of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 is part of their mechanism of circumventing the host interferon antiviral response. Overall, most substitutions occur on the protein surfaces and may be modulating their antigenic properties and interactions with other macromolecules. Our results imply that the striking difference in the pervasiveness of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV among humans seems to significantly derive from molecular features that modulate the efficiency of viral particles in entering the host cells and blocking the host immune response.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; Molecular Dynamics Simulation ; Protein Domains ; Proteomics ; SARS Virus/chemistry ; SARS Virus/metabolism ; SARS Virus/pathogenicity ; SARS-CoV-2/chemistry ; SARS-CoV-2/metabolism ; SARS-CoV-2/pathogenicity ; Species Specificity ; Viral Proteins/chemistry ; Viral Proteins/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Viral Proteins
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 998579-7
    ISSN 1537-1719 ; 0737-4038
    ISSN (online) 1537-1719
    ISSN 0737-4038
    DOI 10.1093/molbev/msaa231
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Structural and functional characterization of NEMO cleavage by SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro.

    Hameedi, Mikhail A / T Prates, Erica / Garvin, Michael R / Mathews, Irimpan I / Amos, B Kirtley / Demerdash, Omar / Bechthold, Mark / Iyer, Mamta / Rahighi, Simin / Kneller, Daniel W / Kovalevsky, Andrey / Irle, Stephan / Vuong, Van-Quan / Mitchell, Julie C / Labbe, Audrey / Galanie, Stephanie / Wakatsuki, Soichi / Jacobson, Daniel

    Nature communications

    2022  Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 5285

    Abstract: In addition to its essential role in viral polyprotein processing, the SARS-CoV-2 3C-like protease (3CLpro) can cleave human immune signaling proteins, like NF-κB Essential Modulator (NEMO) and deregulate the host immune response. Here, in vitro assays ... ...

    Abstract In addition to its essential role in viral polyprotein processing, the SARS-CoV-2 3C-like protease (3CLpro) can cleave human immune signaling proteins, like NF-κB Essential Modulator (NEMO) and deregulate the host immune response. Here, in vitro assays show that SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro cleaves NEMO with fine-tuned efficiency. Analysis of the 2.50 Å resolution crystal structure of 3CLpro C145S bound to NEMO
    MeSH term(s) Antiviral Agents/chemistry ; COVID-19 ; Cysteine Endopeptidases/metabolism ; Humans ; Peptide Hydrolases ; Proteins ; SARS-CoV-2
    Chemical Substances Antiviral Agents ; Proteins ; Peptide Hydrolases (EC 3.4.-) ; Cysteine Endopeptidases (EC 3.4.22.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2553671-0
    ISSN 2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    ISSN 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/s41467-022-32922-9
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Exploring the role of plant lysin motif receptor-like kinases in regulating plant-microbe interactions in the bioenergy crop

    Cope, Kevin R / Prates, Erica T / Miller, John I / Demerdash, Omar N A / Shah, Manesh / Kainer, David / Cliff, Ashley / Sullivan, Kyle A / Cashman, Mikaela / Lane, Matthew / Matthiadis, Anna / Labbé, Jesse / Tschaplinski, Timothy J / Jacobson, Daniel A / Kalluri, Udaya C

    Computational and structural biotechnology journal

    2022  Volume 21, Page(s) 1122–1139

    Abstract: For plants, distinguishing between mutualistic and pathogenic microbes is a matter of survival. All microbes contain microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) that are perceived by plant pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Lysin motif receptor-like ...

    Abstract For plants, distinguishing between mutualistic and pathogenic microbes is a matter of survival. All microbes contain microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) that are perceived by plant pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Lysin motif receptor-like kinases (LysM-RLKs) are PRRs attuned for binding and triggering a response to specific MAMPs, including chitin oligomers (COs) in fungi, lipo-chitooligosaccharides (LCOs), which are produced by mycorrhizal fungi and nitrogen-fixing rhizobial bacteria, and peptidoglycan in bacteria. The identification and characterization of LysM-RLKs in candidate bioenergy crops including
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-31
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2694435-2
    ISSN 2001-0370
    ISSN 2001-0370
    DOI 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.12.052
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Antiviral Strategies Against SARS-CoV-2: A Systems Biology Approach.

    Prates, Erica T / Garvin, Michael R / Jones, Piet / Miller, J Izaak / Sullivan, Kyle A / Cliff, Ashley / Gazolla, Joao Gabriel Felipe Machado / Shah, Manesh B / Walker, Angelica M / Lane, Matthew / Rentsch, Christopher T / Justice, Amy / Pavicic, Mirko / Romero, Jonathon / Jacobson, Daniel

    Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)

    2022  Volume 2452, Page(s) 317–351

    Abstract: The unprecedented scientific achievements in combating the COVID-19 pandemic reflect a global response informed by unprecedented access to data. We now have the ability to rapidly generate a diversity of information on an emerging pathogen and, by using ... ...

    Abstract The unprecedented scientific achievements in combating the COVID-19 pandemic reflect a global response informed by unprecedented access to data. We now have the ability to rapidly generate a diversity of information on an emerging pathogen and, by using high-performance computing and a systems biology approach, we can mine this wealth of information to understand the complexities of viral pathogenesis and contagion like never before. These efforts will aid in the development of vaccines, antiviral medications, and inform policymakers and clinicians. Here we detail computational protocols developed as SARS-CoV-2 began to spread across the globe. They include pathogen detection, comparative structural proteomics, evolutionary adaptation analysis via network and artificial intelligence methodologies, and multiomic integration. These protocols constitute a core framework on which to build a systems-level infrastructure that can be quickly brought to bear on future pathogens before they evolve into pandemic proportions.
    MeSH term(s) Antiviral Agents/pharmacology ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; Artificial Intelligence ; COVID-19/drug therapy ; Humans ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Systems Biology
    Chemical Substances Antiviral Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1940-6029
    ISSN (online) 1940-6029
    DOI 10.1007/978-1-0716-2111-0_19
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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