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  1. Article ; Online: Safety and security in the age of synthetic biology

    James W. LeDuc / Zhiming Yuan

    Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity, Vol 1, Iss 2, Pp 77-

    2019  Volume 79

    Abstract: Synthetic biology offers great potential for benefit to society, human health and agriculture; however, it also raises new concerns about safety and security. Application of established tools of biosafety and biosecurity along with strong individual and ... ...

    Abstract Synthetic biology offers great potential for benefit to society, human health and agriculture; however, it also raises new concerns about safety and security. Application of established tools of biosafety and biosecurity along with strong individual and institutional leadership will help alleviate risks, but these may require refinement to address successfully the potential challenges of synthetic biology. Institutional biosafety committees (IBC) are key to providing institutional oversight and as technology evolves, especially in the case of synthetic biology where many different specialized fields may play a role. Membership of the IBC needs to adapt to ensure that sufficient knowledge and experience is available to evaluate projects and recognize potentially dangerous experiments. Recommendations regarding avian influenza gain of function studies may offer a valuable framework of points to consider relevant future studies involving synthetic biology. Keywords: Synthetic biology, Biosafety, Biosecurity, Institutional biosafety committees, Leadership in science
    Keywords Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Subject code 501
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-09-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Book ; Audio / Video ; Thesis: The ecology of keystone virus on the delmarva peninsula

    Leduc, James W.

    1977  

    Author's details James Wayne Leduc
    Size 1 Mikrofilm (230 S.) ; 35 mm
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Book ; Audio / Video ; Thesis
    Thesis / German Habilitation thesis Los Angeles, Calif., Univ. of California, Diss., 1977
    HBZ-ID HT002196906
    Database Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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  3. Article ; Online: Wild Rats, Laboratory Rats, Pet Rats: Global Seoul Hantavirus Disease Revisited.

    Clement, Jan / LeDuc, James W / Lloyd, Graham / Reynes, Jean-Marc / McElhinney, Lorraine / Van Ranst, Marc / Lee, Ho-Wang

    Viruses

    2019  Volume 11, Issue 7

    Abstract: Recent reports from Europe and the USA described Seoul orthohantavirus infection in pet rats and their breeders/owners, suggesting the potential emergence of a "new" public health problem. Wild and laboratory rat-induced Seoul infections have, however, ... ...

    Abstract Recent reports from Europe and the USA described Seoul orthohantavirus infection in pet rats and their breeders/owners, suggesting the potential emergence of a "new" public health problem. Wild and laboratory rat-induced Seoul infections have, however, been described since the early eighties, due to the omnipresence of the rodent reservoir, the brown rat
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Animals, Laboratory ; Animals, Wild ; Communicable Diseases, Emerging/epidemiology ; Communicable Diseases, Emerging/transmission ; Communicable Diseases, Emerging/virology ; Geography, Medical ; Global Health ; Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome/epidemiology ; Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome/transmission ; Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome/virology ; Pets ; Rats ; Seoul virus/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-07-17
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2516098-9
    ISSN 1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
    ISSN (online) 1999-4915
    ISSN 1999-4915
    DOI 10.3390/v11070652
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  4. Article ; Online: Clinical Characteristics of Ratborne Seoul Hantavirus Disease.

    Clement, Jan / LeDuc, James W / McElhinney, Lorraine M / Reynes, Jean-Marc / Van Ranst, Marc / Calisher, Charles H

    Emerging infectious diseases

    2019  Volume 25, Issue 2, Page(s) 387–388

    Abstract: Although Seoul orthohantavirus is the only globally spread hantavirus pathogen, few confirmed human infections with this virus have been reported in Western countries, suggesting lower medical awareness of the milder, transient, and often chameleon-like ... ...

    Abstract Although Seoul orthohantavirus is the only globally spread hantavirus pathogen, few confirmed human infections with this virus have been reported in Western countries, suggesting lower medical awareness of the milder, transient, and often chameleon-like symptoms of this zoonosis. We describe lesser known clinical and laboratory characteristics to help improve underreporting of this virus.
    MeSH term(s) Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome/diagnosis ; Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome/virology ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Seoul virus ; Serologic Tests ; Severity of Illness Index ; Symptom Assessment
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-02-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 1380686-5
    ISSN 1080-6059 ; 1080-6040
    ISSN (online) 1080-6059
    ISSN 1080-6040
    DOI 10.3201/eid2502.181643
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  5. Article ; Online: Developing a fall prevention intervention economic model.

    Saunders, Hailey / Anderson, Carol / Feldman, Fabio / Holroyd-Leduc, Jayna / Jain, Ravi / Liu, Barbara / Macaulay, Susan / Marr, Sharon / Silvius, James / Weldon, Jennifer / Bayoumi, Ahmed M / Straus, Sharon E / Tricco, Andrea C / Isaranuwatchai, Wanrudee

    PloS one

    2023  Volume 18, Issue 1, Page(s) e0280572

    Abstract: Purpose: Model-based economic evaluations require conceptualization of the model structure. Our objectives were to identify important health states, events, and patient attributes to be included in a model-based cost-effectiveness analysis of fall ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Model-based economic evaluations require conceptualization of the model structure. Our objectives were to identify important health states, events, and patient attributes to be included in a model-based cost-effectiveness analysis of fall prevention interventions, to develop a model structure to examine cost-effectiveness of fall prevention interventions, and to assess the face validity of the model structure.
    Methods: An expert panel comprising clinicians, health service researchers, health economists, a patient partner, and policy makers completed two rounds of online surveys to gain consensus on health states, events, and patient attributes important for fall prevention interventions. The surveys were informed by a literature search on fall prevention interventions for older adults (≥65 years) including economic evaluations and clinical practice guidelines. The results of the Delphi surveys and subsequent discussions can support the face validity of a state-transition model for an economic evaluation of fall prevention interventions.
    Results: In total, 11 experts rated 24 health states/events and 41 patient attributes. Consensus was achieved on 14 health states/events and 26 patient characteristics. The proposed model structure incorporated 12 of the 14 selected health states/events. Panelists confirmed the face validity of the model structure during teleconferences.
    Conclusions: There is a dearth of studies presenting the model conceptualization process; consequently, this study involving multiple end user partners with opportunities for input at several stages adds to the literature as another case study. This process is an example of how a fall prevention economic model was developed using a modified Delphi process and assessed for face validity.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Aged ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Consensus ; Models, Economic
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0280572
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  6. Article ; Online: Estradiol and mortality in women with end-stage kidney disease.

    Ramesh, Sharanya / James, Matthew T / Holroyd-Leduc, Jayna M / Wilton, Stephen B / Seely, Ellen W / Hemmelgarn, Brenda R / Tonelli, Marcello / Wheeler, David C / Ahmed, Sofia B

    Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association

    2020  Volume 35, Issue 11, Page(s) 1965–1972

    Abstract: Background: Young women with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) have early menopause compared with women in the general population and the highest mortality among the dialysis population. We hypothesized that low estrogen status was associated with death ... ...

    Abstract Background: Young women with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) have early menopause compared with women in the general population and the highest mortality among the dialysis population. We hypothesized that low estrogen status was associated with death in women with ESKD.
    Methods: We measured estradiol and sex hormone levels in female ESKD patients initiating hemodialysis from 2005 to 2012 in four Canadian centers. We divided women into quintiles based on estradiol levels and tested for associations between the estradiol level and cardiovascular (CV), non-CV and all-cause mortality. Participants were further dichotomized by age.
    Results: A total of 482 women (60 ± 15 years of age, 53% diabetic, estradiol 116 ± 161 pmol/L) were followed for a mean of 2.9 years, with 237 deaths (31% CV). Estradiol levels were as follows (mean ± standard deviation): Quintile 1: 19.3 ± 0.92 pmol/L; Quintile 2: 34.6 ± 6.6 pmol/L; Quintile 3: 63.8 ± 10.6 pmol/L; Quintile 4: 108.9 ± 19.3; Quintile 5: 355 ± 233 pmol/L. Compared with Quintile 1, women in Quintiles 4 and 5 had significantly higher adjusted all-cause mortality {hazard ratio [HR] 2.12 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.38-3.25] and 1.92 [1.19-3.10], respectively}. Similarly, compared with Quintile 1, women in Quintile 5 had higher non-CV mortality [HR 2.16 (95% CI 1.18-3.96)]. No associations were observed between estradiol levels and CV mortality. When stratified by age, higher quintiles were associated with greater all-cause mortality (P for trend <0.001) and non-CV mortality (P for trend = 0.02), but not CV mortality in older women.
    Conclusions: In women with ESKD treated with hemodialysis, higher estradiol levels were associated with greater all-cause and non-CV mortality. Further studies are required to determine the mechanism for the observed increased risk.
    MeSH term(s) Canada ; Cardiovascular Diseases/metabolism ; Cardiovascular Diseases/mortality ; Cardiovascular Diseases/therapy ; Estradiol/metabolism ; Estrogens/metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic/metabolism ; Kidney Failure, Chronic/mortality ; Kidney Failure, Chronic/therapy ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Prospective Studies ; Renal Dialysis/mortality ; Survival Rate
    Chemical Substances Estrogens ; Estradiol (4TI98Z838E)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-31
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 90594-x
    ISSN 1460-2385 ; 0931-0509
    ISSN (online) 1460-2385
    ISSN 0931-0509
    DOI 10.1093/ndt/gfaa126
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    Zs.A 2198: Show issues Location:
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    Zs.MO 329: Show issues

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  7. Article ; Online: Balancing our approach to the insider threat.

    Franz, David R / LeDuc, James W

    Biosecurity and bioterrorism : biodefense strategy, practice, and science

    2011  Volume 9, Issue 3, Page(s) 205–206

    MeSH term(s) Bioterrorism/prevention & control ; Containment of Biohazards ; Humans ; Laboratories/organization & administration ; Leadership ; Organizational Culture ; Safety ; United States
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1557-850X
    ISSN (online) 1557-850X
    DOI 10.1089/bsp.2011.0052
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  8. Article ; Online: Clinical Characteristics of Ratborne Seoul Hantavirus Disease

    Jan Clement / James W. LeDuc / Lorraine M. McElhinney / Jean-Marc Reynes / Marc Van Ranst / Charles H. Calisher

    Emerging Infectious Diseases, Vol 25, Iss 2, Pp 387-

    2019  Volume 388

    Abstract: Although Seoul orthohantavirus is the only globally spread hantavirus pathogen, few confirmed human infections with this virus have been reported in Western countries, suggesting lower medical awareness of the milder, transient, and often chameleon-like ... ...

    Abstract Although Seoul orthohantavirus is the only globally spread hantavirus pathogen, few confirmed human infections with this virus have been reported in Western countries, suggesting lower medical awareness of the milder, transient, and often chameleon-like symptoms of this zoonosis. We describe lesser known clinical and laboratory characteristics to help improve underreporting of this virus.
    Keywords Seoul orthohantavirus ; SEOV ; viruses ; signs ; symptoms ; acute kidney injury ; Medicine ; R ; Infectious and parasitic diseases ; RC109-216
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article: Sex Hormone Status in Women With Chronic Kidney Disease: Survey of Nephrologists' and Renal Allied Health Care Providers' Perceptions.

    Ramesh, Sharanya / James, Matthew T / Holroyd-Leduc, Jayna M / Wilton, Stephen B / Seely, Ellen W / Wheeler, David C / Ahmed, Sofia B

    Canadian journal of kidney health and disease

    2017  Volume 4, Page(s) 2054358117734534

    Abstract: Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) in reproductive-age women is accompanied by menstrual and fertility disorders and premature menopause.: Objective: We sought to determine nephrologists' and allied health care providers' perceptions on ... ...

    Abstract Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) in reproductive-age women is accompanied by menstrual and fertility disorders and premature menopause.
    Objective: We sought to determine nephrologists' and allied health care providers' perceptions on management of sex hormone status in women with CKD.
    Methods: An anonymous, Internet-based survey was sent to nephrology society members from Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom, and the Canadian Association of Nephrology Nurses and Technologists (February-November 2015). We assessed reported perceptions and management of sex hormone status in women with CKD.
    Results: One hundred seventy-five nephrologists (21% response rate) and 121 allied health care providers (30%; 116 nurses, 5 pharmacists) responded. Sixty-eight percent of nephrologists and 46% of allied providers were between the ages of 30 and 50 years, and 38% of nephrologists and 89% of allied workers were female. Ninety-five percent of nephrologists agreed that kidney function impacts sex hormone status, although only a minority of nephrologists reported often discussing fertility (35%, female vs male nephrologists,
    Conclusion: Nephrologists and allied health care providers recognize an impact of CKD on sex hormones in women but report not frequently discussing sex hormone-related issues with patients. Our international survey highlights an important knowledge gap in nephrology.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-10-27
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2765462-X
    ISSN 2054-3581
    ISSN 2054-3581
    DOI 10.1177/2054358117734534
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  10. Article ; Online: The Origin of COVID-19 and Why It Matters.

    Morens, David M / Breman, Joel G / Calisher, Charles H / Doherty, Peter C / Hahn, Beatrice H / Keusch, Gerald T / Kramer, Laura D / LeDuc, James W / Monath, Thomas P / Taubenberger, Jeffery K

    The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene

    2020  Volume 103, Issue 3, Page(s) 955–959

    Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic is among the deadliest infectious diseases to have emerged in recent history. As with all past pandemics, the specific mechanism of its emergence in humans remains unknown. Nevertheless, a large body of virologic, epidemiologic, ... ...

    Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic is among the deadliest infectious diseases to have emerged in recent history. As with all past pandemics, the specific mechanism of its emergence in humans remains unknown. Nevertheless, a large body of virologic, epidemiologic, veterinary, and ecologic data establishes that the new virus, SARS-CoV-2, evolved directly or indirectly from a β-coronavirus in the sarbecovirus (SARS-like virus) group that naturally infect bats and pangolins in Asia and Southeast Asia. Scientists have warned for decades that such sarbecoviruses are poised to emerge again and again, identified risk factors, and argued for enhanced pandemic prevention and control efforts. Unfortunately, few such preventive actions were taken resulting in the latest coronavirus emergence detected in late 2019 which quickly spread pandemically. The risk of similar coronavirus outbreaks in the future remains high. In addition to controlling the COVID-19 pandemic, we must undertake vigorous scientific, public health, and societal actions, including significantly increased funding for basic and applied research addressing disease emergence, to prevent this tragic history from repeating itself.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Betacoronavirus/classification ; Betacoronavirus/genetics ; Betacoronavirus/isolation & purification ; COVID-19 ; Chiroptera/virology ; Coronavirus Infections/etiology ; Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control ; Coronavirus Infections/transmission ; Humans ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Pneumonia, Viral/etiology ; Pneumonia, Viral/prevention & control ; Pneumonia, Viral/transmission ; Public Health ; SARS-CoV-2
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2942-7
    ISSN 1476-1645 ; 0002-9637
    ISSN (online) 1476-1645
    ISSN 0002-9637
    DOI 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0849
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