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Article ; Online: New Paradigms to Address Long-Term Exercise Adherence, An Achilles Heel of Lifestyle Interventions.

Peters, Anthony E / Kraus, William E / Mentz, Robert J

2023 Volume 147, Issue 21, Page(s) 1565–1567

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Exercise ; Life Style ; Exercise Therapy
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	80099-5
ISSN	1524-4539 ; 0009-7322 ; 0069-4193 ; 0065-8499
ISSN (online)	1524-4539
ISSN	0009-7322 ; 0069-4193 ; 0065-8499
DOI	10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.123.064161
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Article ; Online: The COVID-19 pandemic and OBGYN residency training: We have a problem and it's not just masks.

Kraus, Alexandria C / Bui, Anthony / Malloy, Kimberly / Morse, Jessica / Young, Omar M

BMC medical education

2024 Volume 24, Issue 1, Page(s) 377

Abstract: Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has left no one untouched. Resident trainees have been driven to reconsider virtually every component of their daily lives. The purpose of this pilot study is to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on ... ...

Abstract	Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has left no one untouched. Resident trainees have been driven to reconsider virtually every component of their daily lives. The purpose of this pilot study is to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Obstetrics and Gynecology (OBGYN) residency training and education. Methods: A cross-sectional pilot study was conducted between 2/2022 and 5/2022. A survey was created and distributed to OBGYN residents. The survey queried the effects of the pandemic on OBGYN residents' procedure skills training and mental health. Results: A total of 95 OBGYN residents across programs affiliated with each American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) district participated in the survey. Among them, just over half (n = 52, 55%) self-identified as under-represented minorities. A significant majority, 80% (n = 81), felt their gynecological training was inadequate, with 70% of fourth-year residents expressing a lack of confidence in their ability to independently practice gynecology after graduation. This lack of confidence among fourth-year residents suggests a notable disparity in readiness for independent gynecological practice, linked to meeting ACGME requirements before completing their residency (p = 0.013). Among the residents who reported a negative impact of the pandemic on their mental health (n = 76, 80%), about 40% (n = 31) had contemplated self-harm or knew a colleague who considered or attempted suicide (p < 0.001). This issue was especially pronounced in residents experiencing burnout (n = 44, 46%), as nearly half (n = 19, 43%) reported suicidal thoughts or knew someone in their program who had such thoughts or engaged in self-harm (p = 0.048). Conclusions: Residents expressed concerns about reduced hands-on gynecological training and doubts about their readiness for independent practice post-residency, highlighting the need for enhanced support through mentorship and revised training curriculums. Additionally, despite the availability of mental health resources to address pandemic-induced burnout, their underuse suggests a need for more accessible time for residents to use at their discretion and flexible training schedules that encourage mental health support resource utilization.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Pregnancy ; Humans ; Internship and Residency ; Pandemics ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Masks ; Pilot Projects ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Gynecology/education ; Obstetrics/education ; Surveys and Questionnaires
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2044473-4
ISSN	1472-6920 ; 1472-6920
ISSN (online)	1472-6920
ISSN	1472-6920
DOI	10.1186/s12909-024-05364-8
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Article ; Online: Scaling strategy for cell and gene therapy bioreactors based on turbulent parameters.

Iurashev, Dmytro / Jones, Peter Anthony / Andreev, Nadejda / Wang, Yana / Iwata-Kajihara, Tomoko / Kraus, Barbara / Hernandez Bort, Juan A

Biotechnology journal

2023 Volume 19, Issue 1, Page(s) e2300235

Abstract: So far, power input has been used as the main parameter for bioreactor scale-up/-down in upstream process development and manufacturing. The rationale is that maintaining a consistent power input per unit volume should result in comparable mixing times ... ...

Abstract	So far, power input has been used as the main parameter for bioreactor scale-up/-down in upstream process development and manufacturing. The rationale is that maintaining a consistent power input per unit volume should result in comparable mixing times at different scales. However, shear generated from turbulent flow may compromise the integrity of non-robust cells such as those used during the production of cell and gene therapies, which may lead to low product quality and yield. Of particular interest is the Kolmogorov length parameter that characterizes the smallest turbulent eddies in a mixture. To understand its impact on scale-up/-down decisions, the distribution of Kolmogorov length along the trajectory flow of individual particles in bioreactors was estimated in silico with the help of computational fluid dynamics simulations. Specifically, in this study the scalability of iPSC-derived lymphocyte production and the impact of shear stress across various differentiation stages were investigated. The study used bioreactors of volumes from 0.1 to 10 L, which correspond to the scales most used for parameter optimization. Our findings, which align with in vitro runs, help determine optimal agitation speed and shear stress adjustments for process transfer between scales and bioreactor types, using vertically-oriented wheel and pitched-blade impellers. In addition, empirical models specific to the bioreactors used in this study were developed. The provided computational analysis in combination with experimental data supports selection of appropriate bioreactors and operating conditions for various cell and gene therapy process steps.
MeSH term(s)	Cell Culture Techniques ; Bioreactors ; Hydrodynamics ; Stress, Mechanical
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-20
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2221885-3
ISSN	1860-7314 ; 1860-6768
ISSN (online)	1860-7314
ISSN	1860-6768
DOI	10.1002/biot.202300235
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Article: Bite force in the strictly subterranean rodent family of African mole‐rats (Bathyergidae): The role of digging mode, social organization and ecology

Kraus, Andrea / Lövy, Matěj / Mikula, Ondřej / Okrouhlík, Jan / Bennett, Nigel C. / Herrel, Anthony / Šumbera, Radim

Functional ecology. 2022 Sept., v. 36, no. 9

2022

Abstract: Bite force is an ecologically relevant performance trait that has been measured to better understand the adaptations to diet and habitat use. Moreover, bite force is relevant in understanding reproductive success, as well as inter‐ and intraspecific ... ...

Abstract	Bite force is an ecologically relevant performance trait that has been measured to better understand the adaptations to diet and habitat use. Moreover, bite force is relevant in understanding reproductive success, as well as inter‐ and intraspecific competition. African mole‐rats (Bathyergidae, Rodentia) are a unique clade of mammals that use different digging strategies, show different types of social organization and occur in ecologically diverse savanna habitats in sub‐Saharan Africa. Whereas previous studies have suggested these animals have exceptionally high bite forces, the ecological and other proximate and ultimate drivers of variation in bite force in the group remain unstudied. In the present study we measured in vivo bite force of 394 adult specimens from 10 African mole‐rat species including all genera within the family. Our results show that in African mole‐rats digging mode is a major driver of variation in bite force, with chisel‐tooth diggers being stronger biters than scratch diggers. Moreover, species living in habitats characterized by low and irregular precipitation patterns and in soils with a high content of coarse particles have a higher bite force than species occupying habitats with a regular rainfall pattern and fine soil types. This suggests that bite force in bathyergids has evolved in concert with rainfall and soil characteristics of different savanna habitats, which have contributed to the successful radiation of these subterranean mammals across sub‐Saharan Africa. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Keywords	Bathyergidae ; habitat preferences ; intraspecific competition ; mole rats ; rain ; reproductive success ; savannas ; social structure ; soil ; Sub-Saharan Africa
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-09
Size	p. 2344-2355.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	2020307-X
ISSN	1365-2435 ; 0269-8463
ISSN (online)	1365-2435
ISSN	0269-8463
DOI	10.1111/1365-2435.14132
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Needs assessment of essential anatomy: The perspective of adult primary care resident physicians.

Hankin, Mark H / Harmon, Derek J / Martindale, James R / Niculescu, Iuliana / Aschmetat, Adrienne / Mertens, Amy N / Hanke, Rachel E / Koo, Andrew S / Kraus, Anthony E / Payne, James A / Feldman, Michael J / Soltero Mariscal, Enrique

Anatomical sciences education

2023 Volume 16, Issue 3, Page(s) 504–520

Abstract: Curricular development and modification involve first identifying a problem and then performing a needs assessment, which can guide the design of curricular components. Pedagogical changes, coupled with reductions in curricular time for gross anatomy, ... ...

Abstract	Curricular development and modification involve first identifying a problem and then performing a needs assessment, which can guide the design of curricular components. Pedagogical changes, coupled with reductions in curricular time for gross anatomy, pose challenges and impose restrictions within medical school curricula. In order to make anatomy education effective and efficient, it is important to determine the anatomy considered essential for medical education through a targeted needs assessment. In this study, 50 adult primary care resident physicians in family medicine (FM) and internal medicine (IM) were surveyed to assess the importance of 907 anatomical structures, or groups of structures, across all anatomical regions from a curated list based on the boldface terms in four primary anatomy texts. There were no statistically significant differences in the ratings of structures between the two groups for any anatomical region. In total, 17.0% of structures, or groups of structures, were classified as essential, 58.0% as more important, 24.4% as less important, and 0.7% as not important. FM residents rated tissues classified as skeleton, nerves, fasciae, anatomical spaces, blood vessels, lymphatics, and surface anatomy (p < 0.0001) significantly higher than IM residents, but there were no differences in the rating of muscles or organs (p > 0.0056). It was notable that 100.0% of cranial nerves were classified as essential, and 94.5% of surface anatomy structures were classified as essential or more important. It is proposed that results of this study can serve to inform curricular development and revision.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Adult ; Needs Assessment ; Anatomy/education ; Curriculum ; Physicians ; Primary Health Care
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2483491-9
ISSN	1935-9780 ; 1935-9772
ISSN (online)	1935-9780
ISSN	1935-9772
DOI	10.1002/ase.2252
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Article ; Online: Targeted Analysis of the Size Distribution of Heavy Chain-Modified Hyaluronan with Solid-State Nanopores.

Erxleben, Dorothea A / Dodd, Rebecca J / Day, Anthony J / Green, Dixy E / DeAngelis, Paul L / Poddar, Suruchi / Enghild, Jan J / Huebner, Janet L / Kraus, Virginia B / Watkins, Amanda R / Reesink, Heidi L / Rahbar, Elaheh / Hall, Adam R

Analytical chemistry

2024 Volume 96, Issue 4, Page(s) 1606–1613

Abstract: The glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan (HA) plays important roles in diverse physiological functions where the distribution of its molecular weight (MW) can influence its behavior and is known to change in response to disease conditions. During inflammation, ... ...

Abstract	The glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan (HA) plays important roles in diverse physiological functions where the distribution of its molecular weight (MW) can influence its behavior and is known to change in response to disease conditions. During inflammation, HA undergoes a covalent modification in which heavy chain subunits of the inter-alpha-inhibitor family of proteins are transferred to its structure, forming heavy chain-HA (HC•HA) complexes. While limited assessments of HC•HA have been performed previously, determining the size distribution of its HA component remains a challenge. Here, we describe a selective method for extracting HC•HA from mixtures that yields material amenable to MW analysis with a solid-state nanopore sensor. After demonstrating the approach in vitro, we validate extraction of HC•HA from osteoarthritic human synovial fluid as a model complex biological matrix. Finally, we apply our technique to pathophysiology by measuring the size distributions of HC•HA and total HA in an equine model of synovitis.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Animals ; Horses ; Hyaluronic Acid/chemistry ; Nanopores ; Alpha-Globulins/metabolism ; Inflammation ; Synovial Fluid
Chemical Substances	Hyaluronic Acid (9004-61-9) ; Alpha-Globulins
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1508-8
ISSN	1520-6882 ; 0003-2700
ISSN (online)	1520-6882
ISSN	0003-2700
DOI	10.1021/acs.analchem.3c04387
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Article ; Online: Pseudogout Diagnosed By Point-of-care Ultrasound.

Halupa, Anthony J / Strony, Robert J / Bulbin, David H / Kraus, Chadd K

Clinical practice and cases in emergency medicine

2019 Volume 3, Issue 4, Page(s) 425–427

Abstract: A 71-year-old male presented to the emergency department (ED) for worsening right knee pain for the prior 3-4 weeks. Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) of the right knee showed a pseudo-double contour sign. Subsequent ultrasound-guided arthrocentesis of ... ...

Abstract	A 71-year-old male presented to the emergency department (ED) for worsening right knee pain for the prior 3-4 weeks. Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) of the right knee showed a pseudo-double contour sign. Subsequent ultrasound-guided arthrocentesis of the knee joint was performed, and fluid studies showed the presence of calcium pyrophosphate crystals, which was consistent with pseudogout. Ultrasound for detection of calcium pyrophosphate crystals in pseudogout and chondrocalcinosis has sensitivity of 86.7% and specificity of 96.4% making POCUS a valuable tool for diagnosing crystalline-induced arthropathy in the ED.
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-09-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2474-252X
ISSN (online)	2474-252X
DOI	10.5811/cpcem.2019.7.43244
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Article ; Online: Identification, structural, and biophysical characterization of a positive modulator of human Kv3.1 channels.

Chen, Yun-Ting / Hong, Mee Ra / Zhang, Xin-Jun / Kostas, James / Li, Yuxing / Kraus, Richard L / Santarelli, Vincent P / Wang, Deping / Gomez-Llorente, Yacob / Brooun, Alexei / Strickland, Corey / Soisson, Stephen M / Klein, Daniel J / Ginnetti, Anthony T / Marino, Michael J / Stachel, Shawn J / Ishchenko, Andrii

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

2023 Volume 120, Issue 42, Page(s) e2220029120

Abstract: Voltage-gated potassium channels (Kv) are tetrameric membrane proteins that provide a highly selective pathway for potassium ions ( ... ...

Abstract	Voltage-gated potassium channels (Kv) are tetrameric membrane proteins that provide a highly selective pathway for potassium ions (K
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Neurons/metabolism ; Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated/metabolism ; Potassium Channels/metabolism ; Action Potentials/physiology ; Membrane Proteins/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated ; Potassium Channels ; Membrane Proteins
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	209104-5
ISSN	1091-6490 ; 0027-8424
ISSN (online)	1091-6490
ISSN	0027-8424
DOI	10.1073/pnas.2220029120
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Article ; Online: Successful treatment of osteitis fibrosa cystica from primary hyperparathyroidism.

Maina, Anthony M / Kraus, Harry

Case reports in orthopedics

2012 Volume 2012, Page(s) 145760

Abstract: Osteitis Fibrosa Cystica (OFC) is defined as the classic skeletal manifestation of advanced primary hyperparathyroidism. With the increased detection by means of routine calcium screening, the clinical profile of primary hyperparathyroidism in Western ... ...

Abstract	Osteitis Fibrosa Cystica (OFC) is defined as the classic skeletal manifestation of advanced primary hyperparathyroidism. With the increased detection by means of routine calcium screening, the clinical profile of primary hyperparathyroidism in Western countries has shifted from symptomatic disease to one with subtle or no specific symptoms ("asymptomatic" primary hyperparathyroidism). The authors describe a classical feature of advanced primary hyperparathyroidism due to a parathyroid adenoma and its successful treatment.
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-09-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2684648-2
ISSN	2090-6757 ; 2090-6749
ISSN (online)	2090-6757
ISSN	2090-6749
DOI	10.1155/2012/145760
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Article ; Online: Association of Traumatic Knee Injury With Radiographic Evidence of Knee Osteoarthritis in Military Officers.

Golightly, Yvonne M / Shiue, Kristin Y / Nocera, Maryalice / Guermazi, Ali / Cantrell, John / Renner, Jordan B / Padua, Darin A / Cameron, Kenneth L / Svoboda, Steven J / Jordan, Joanne M / Loeser, Richard F / Kraus, Virginia B / Lohmander, L Stefan / Beutler, Anthony I / Marshall, Stephen W

Arthritis care & research

2023 Volume 75, Issue 8, Page(s) 1744–1751

Abstract: Objective: The association between knee injury and knee osteoarthritis (OA) is understudied relative to its importance, particularly in younger populations. This study was undertaken to examine the association of knee injury with radiographic features ... ...

Abstract	Objective: The association between knee injury and knee osteoarthritis (OA) is understudied relative to its importance, particularly in younger populations. This study was undertaken to examine the association of knee injury with radiographic features of knee OA in military officers, who have a physically demanding profession and high rates of knee injury. Methods: Participants were recruited in 2015-2017 from an existing program that enrolled 6,452 military officers during 2004-2009. Officers with a history of knee ligament or meniscal injuries (n = 117 via medical record review) were compared to officers with no history of knee injury (n = 143). Bilateral posteroanterior knee radiographs were obtained using a standardized fixed-flexion positioning frame. All images were read for Kellgren/Lawrence (K/L) grade, osteophyte (OST), and joint space narrowing (JSN) scores. Data were analyzed using linear-risk regression models with generalized estimating equations. Results: Injured and noninjured participants were similar (mean age 28 years, mean body mass index 25 kg/m Conclusion: At the midpoint of a projected 20-year military career, officers with a history of traumatic knee injury have a markedly increased prevalence of knee radiographic OA compared to officers without injury.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; Adult ; Male ; Osteoarthritis, Knee/diagnostic imaging ; Osteoarthritis, Knee/epidemiology ; Osteoarthritis, Knee/etiology ; Military Personnel ; Knee Joint/diagnostic imaging ; Radiography ; Knee Injuries/diagnostic imaging ; Knee Injuries/epidemiology ; Knee Injuries/complications ; Osteophyte ; Disease Progression
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	645059-3
ISSN	2151-4658 ; 0893-7524 ; 2151-464X
ISSN (online)	2151-4658
ISSN	0893-7524 ; 2151-464X
DOI	10.1002/acr.25072
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Zs.A 2446: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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