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Article ; Online: A new species of the genus Achalinus (Squamata: Xenodermidae) from Nanning, Guangxi, China.

Yang, Dian-Cheng / Xu, Yu-Hao / Wu, Jia-Xiang / Gong, Yan-An / Huang, Ru-Yi / Xiang, Jun / Feng, Zheng-Lian / Huang, Tian-Qi / Huang, Song

Zootaxa

2023 Volume 5319, Issue 3, Page(s) 389–402

Abstract: ... Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, based on a single adult male specimen. It can be ...

Abstract	We describe a new species of the genus Achalinus Peters, 1869 from Daming Mountain, Shanglin County, Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, based on a single adult male specimen. It can be distinguished from all the other species in Achalinus by a combination of the following morphological characters: (1) a bright yellow collar around the neck, extending forward to the ventral of the head; (2) tail length comparatively long, TaL/Tol ratio 0.25; (3) DSR 23-23-23, moderately keeled; (4) VS 3+162; (5) SC 74, unpaired; (6) cloacal plate entire; (7) SPL 6, the fourth and fifth in contact with the eye; (8) IFL 6, the first three touching the first pair of chin shields; (9) a single loreal; (10) length of suture between internasal significantly longer than that between prefrontal, LSBI/LSBP ratio 1.34; (11) two pairs of chin shields; (12) longitudinal vertebral line absent. In addition, the uncorrected p-distances between the new species and other known congeners ranged from 6.3% to 25.4% for the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (CO1). With the addition of the new species the total number of described Achalinus species is increased to 23 of which 17 are found in China.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Animals ; China ; Animal Distribution ; Phylogeny ; Snakes ; Lizards
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-26
Publishing country	New Zealand
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1175-5334
ISSN (online)	1175-5334
DOI	10.11646/zootaxa.5319.3.5
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: [Analysis on the Source Tracing and Pollution Characteristics of Rainfall Runoff in the Old Urban Area of Nanning City].

Yue, Zhen-Wu / Li, Yi-Ping / Zhou, Yu-Xuan / Zheng, Ke / Yu, Shan / Wu, Bin

Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue

2022 Volume 43, Issue 4, Page(s) 2018–2029

Abstract: ... in the old urban area of Nanning were carried out; the pollution condition, initial scouring effect, and ... than those in green spaces and roofs in the runoff pollution of the old urban area of Nanning, and the EMC values of nutrient ...

Abstract	Rainfall runoff is one of the important sources of urban river pollution. In order to understand the pollution characteristics of rainfall runoff, the synchronous sampling and monitoring of rainfall runoff in the old urban area of Nanning were carried out; the pollution condition, initial scouring effect, and pollution contribution ratio of different underlying surfaces under different rainfall conditions were analyzed; and the calculation method and influence factor analysis of initial scouring of runoff pollution were discussed. According to the underlying surface of the vegetable market in the old urban area, the selection standard and necessity of the underlying surface of rainfall runoff were discussed. The results showed that the average concentration (EMC) of COD and TSS in roads and vegetable markets were greater than those in green spaces and roofs in the runoff pollution of the old urban area of Nanning, and the EMC values of nutrient pollutants in field rainfall runoff were ranked in decreasing order as vegetable markets, green spaces, roofs, and roads. Under the condition of heavy rain, each underlying surface had an obvious initial scouring effect, the average value of initial scouring coefficient (
MeSH term(s)	China ; Cities ; Environmental Monitoring/methods ; Environmental Pollutants/analysis ; Rain ; Water Movements ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis
Chemical Substances	Environmental Pollutants ; Water Pollutants, Chemical
Language	Chinese
Publishing date	2022-04-07
Publishing country	China
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	0250-3301
ISSN	0250-3301
DOI	10.13227/j.hjkx.202107040
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Article ; Online: Antimicrobial Resistance and Transconjugants Characteristics of sul3 Positive Escherichia coli Isolated from Animals in Nanning, Guangxi Province

Qinmei Li / Zheng Li / Yuhan Wang / Yunru Chen / Junying Sun / Yunqiao Yang / Hongbin Si

Animals, Vol 12, Iss 976, p

2022 Volume 976

Abstract: ... positive E. coli from animals in Nanning, a total of 146 strains of E. coli were identified from some farms ... of the strain at least 60 times in vitro. In Nanning, these sul3 -positive E. coli had such strong AMR, and ...

Abstract	Sulfonamides are the second most popular antibiotic in many countries, which leads to the widespread emergence of sulfonamides resistance. sul3 is a more recent version of the gene associated with sulfonamide resistance, whose research is relatively little. In order to comprehend the prevalence of sul3 positive E. coli from animals in Nanning, a total of 146 strains of E. coli were identified from some farms and pet hospitals from 2015 to 2017. The drug resistance and prevalence of sul3 E. coli were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) identification, multi-site sequence typing (MLST), drug sensitivity test, and drug resistance gene detection, and then the plasmid containing sul3 was conjugated with the recipient strain (C600). The effect of sul3 plasmid on the recipient was analyzed by stability, drug resistance, and competitive test. In this study, forty-six sul3 positive E. coli strains were separated. A total of 12 ST types were observed, and 1 of those was a previously unknown type. The ST350 is the most numerous type. All isolates were multidrug-resistant E. coli , with high resistant rates to penicillin, ceftriaxone sodium, streptomycin, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, gatifloxacin, and chloramphenicol (100%, 73.9%, 82.6%, 100%, 80.4%, 71.7%, and 97.8%, respectively). They had at least three antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in addition to sul3 . The plasmids transferred from three sul3 -positive isolates to C600, most of which brought seven antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and increased ARGs to C600. The transferred sul3 gene and the plasmid carrying sul3 could be stably inherited in the recipient bacteria for at least 20 days. These plasmids had no effect on the growth of the recipient bacteria but greatly reduced the competitiveness of the strain at least 60 times in vitro. In Nanning, these sul3 -positive E. coli had such strong AMR, and the plasmid carrying sul3 had the ability to transfer multiple resistance genes that long-term monitoring was necessary. Since the transferred plasmid would ...
Keywords	sul3 ; multiple drug resistance ; antimicrobial resistance gene ; plasmid ; Veterinary medicine ; SF600-1100 ; Zoology ; QL1-991
Subject code	630
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: [Cytogenetic study of Down syndrome cases in Nanning, China].

Zheng, Chen-Guang / Qin, Jing / Du, Juan / Chen, Ke / Chen, Chi / Tian, Xiao-Xian / Xiang, Lei / Sun, Liang / Yang, Ze

Yi chuan = Hereditas

2009 Volume 31, Issue 3, Page(s) 261–264

Abstract: ... in Nanning city, China, Cytogenetic analysis was carried out in 500 cases clinically suspected for Down ... syndrome patients in Nanning were 86.15% (112/130) cases with typical trisomy 21, 8.46% (11/130) cases ... syndrome cases in Nanning. Down syndrome cases with typical trisomy 21 karyotype were higher in Nanning ...

Abstract	To investigate the distribution and the characteristics of karyotypes in Down syndrome patients in Nanning city, China, Cytogenetic analysis was carried out in 500 cases clinically suspected for Down syndrome during 1994 to 2007. One hundred and thirty cases were diagnosed as Down syndrome in the panel of patients with karyotyping analysis. The prevalence distribution of chromosome abnormalities in Chinese Down syndrome patients in Nanning were 86.15% (112/130) cases with typical trisomy 21, 8.46% (11/130) cases with translocation, and 5.39% (7/130) cases with mosaic abnormal karyotype. The cases with trisomy 21 were approximately as twice as higher (1.8:1)in male than that in female patients. The percentage (93.08%) of Down syndrome babies born by younger mothers (<35 yr) was greater than that (6.92%) of the babies born by elder mothers (>35 yr). We concluded that males were more pronounced to be affected than females in Down syndrome cases in Nanning. Down syndrome cases with typical trisomy 21 karyotype were higher in Nanning than those with translocation or mosaic karotypes.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Cytogenetic Analysis/methods ; Down Syndrome/genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Karyotyping ; Male ; Sex Factors ; Trisomy/genetics ; Young Adult
Language	Chinese
Publishing date	2009-01-01
Publishing country	China
Document type	English Abstract ; Journal Article
ISSN	0253-9772
ISSN	0253-9772
DOI	10.3724/sp.j.1005.2009.00261
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Article ; Online: G2-MonoDepth: A General Framework of Generalized Depth Inference From Monocular RGB+X Data.

Wang, Haotian / Yang, Meng / Zheng, Nanning

IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence

2024 Volume 46, Issue 5, Page(s) 3753–3771

Abstract: Monocular depth inference is a fundamental problem for scene perception of robots. Specific robots may be equipped with a camera plus an optional depth sensor of any type and located in various scenes of different scales, whereas recent advances derived ... ...

Abstract	Monocular depth inference is a fundamental problem for scene perception of robots. Specific robots may be equipped with a camera plus an optional depth sensor of any type and located in various scenes of different scales, whereas recent advances derived multiple individual sub-tasks. It leads to additional burdens to fine-tune models for specific robots and thereby high-cost customization in large-scale industrialization. This article investigates a unified task of monocular depth inference, which infers high-quality depth maps from all kinds of input raw data from various robots in unseen scenes. A basic benchmark G2-MonoDepth is developed for this task, which comprises four components: (a) a unified data representation RGB+X to accommodate RGB plus raw depth with diverse scene scale/semantics, depth sparsity ([0%, 100%]) and errors (holes/noises/blurs), (b) a novel unified loss to adapt to diverse depth sparsity/errors of input raw data and diverse scales of output scenes, (c) an improved network to well propagate diverse scene scales from input to output, and (d) a data augmentation pipeline to simulate all types of real artifacts in raw depth maps for training. G2-MonoDepth is applied in three sub-tasks including depth estimation, depth completion with different sparsity, and depth enhancement in unseen scenes, and it always outperforms SOTA baselines on both real-world data and synthetic data.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1939-3539
ISSN (online)	1939-3539
DOI	10.1109/TPAMI.2023.3346466
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Article ; Online: RGB-Guided Depth Map Recovery by Two-Stage Coarse-to-fine Dense CRF Models.

Wang, Haotian / Yang, Meng / Zhu, Ce / Zheng, Nanning

IEEE transactions on image processing : a publication of the IEEE Signal Processing Society

2023 Volume PP

Abstract: Depth maps generally suffer from large erroneous areas even in public RGB-Depth datasets. Existing learning-based depth recovery methods are limited by insufficient high-quality datasets and optimization-based methods generally depend on local contexts ... ...

Abstract	Depth maps generally suffer from large erroneous areas even in public RGB-Depth datasets. Existing learning-based depth recovery methods are limited by insufficient high-quality datasets and optimization-based methods generally depend on local contexts not to effectively correct large erroneous areas. This paper develops an RGB-guided depth map recovery method based on the fully connected conditional random field (dense CRF) model to jointly utilize local and global contexts of depth maps and RGB images. A high-quality depth map is inferred by maximizing its probability conditioned upon a low-quality depth map and a reference RGB image based on the dense CRF model. The optimization function is composed of redesigned unary and pairwise components, which constraint local structure and global structure of depth map, respectively, with the guidance of RGB image. In addition, the texture-copy artifacts problem is handled by two-stage dense CRF models in a coarse-to-fine way. A coarse depth map is first recovered by embedding RGB image in a dense CRF model in unit of 3×3 blocks. It is refined afterward by embedding RGB image in another model in unit of individual pixels and restricting the model mainly work in discontinued regions. Extensive experiments on six datasets verify that the proposed method considerably outperforms a dozen of baseline methods in correcting erroneous areas and diminishing texture-copy artifacts of depth maps.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1941-0042
ISSN (online)	1941-0042
DOI	10.1109/TIP.2023.3242144
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Article ; Online: A Space-Refine Paradigm for Automatic Carotid Artery Centerline Extraction in Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Zhang, Pu / Xin, Jingmin / Wu, Jiayi / Zheng, Nanning

Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference

2023 Volume 2023, Page(s) 1–5

Abstract: Vessel centerline extraction is essential for carotid stenosis assessment and atherosclerotic plaque identification in clinical diagnosis. Simultaneously, it provides a region of interest identification and boundary initialization for computer-assisted ... ...

Abstract	Vessel centerline extraction is essential for carotid stenosis assessment and atherosclerotic plaque identification in clinical diagnosis. Simultaneously, it provides a region of interest identification and boundary initialization for computer-assisted diagnosis tools. In magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) cross-sectional images, the lumen shape and vascular topology result in a challenging task to extract the centerline accurately. To this end, we propose a space-refine framework, which exploits the positional continuity of the carotid artery from frame to frame to extract the carotid artery centerline. The proposed framework consists of a detector and a refinement module. Specifically, the detector roughly extracts the carotid lumen region from the original image. Then, we introduce a refinement module that uses the cascade of regressors from a detector to perform sequence realignment of lumen bounding boxes for each subject. It improves the lumen localization results and further enhances the centerline extraction accuracy. Verified by large carotid artery data, the proposed framework achieves state-of-the-art performance compared to conventional vessel centerline extraction methods or standard convolutional neural network approaches.Clinical relevance- Our proposed framework can be used as an important aid for physicians to quantitatively analyze the carotid artery in clinical practice. It is also used as a new paradigm for extracting the centerline of carotid vessels in computer-assisted tools.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Carotid Arteries/diagnostic imaging ; Neural Networks, Computer ; Carotid Artery, Common ; Plaque, Atherosclerotic/diagnostic imaging ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	2694-0604
ISSN (online)	2694-0604
DOI	10.1109/EMBC40787.2023.10340577
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Article ; Online: Learning to Infer Unseen Single-/ Multi-Attribute-Object Compositions With Graph Networks.

Chen, Hui / Jiang, Jingjing / Zheng, Nanning

IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence

2023 Volume 45, Issue 10, Page(s) 12022–12037

Abstract: Inferring the unseen attribute-object composition is critical to make machines learn to decompose and compose complex concepts like people. Most existing methods are limited to the composition recognition of single-attribute-object, and can hardly learn ... ...

Abstract	Inferring the unseen attribute-object composition is critical to make machines learn to decompose and compose complex concepts like people. Most existing methods are limited to the composition recognition of single-attribute-object, and can hardly learn relations between the attributes and objects. In this paper, we propose an attribute-object semantic association graph model to learn the complex relations and enable knowledge transfer between primitives. With nodes representing attributes and objects, the graph can be constructed flexibly, which realizes both single- and multi-attribute-object composition recognition. In order to reduce mis-classifications of similar compositions (e.g., scratched screen and broken screen), driven by the contrastive loss, the anchor image feature is pulled closer to the corresponding label feature and pushed away from other negative label features. Specifically, a novel balance loss is proposed to alleviate the domain bias, where a model prefers to predict seen compositions. In addition, we build a large-scale Multi-Attribute Dataset (MAD) with 116,099 images and 8,030 label categories for inferring unseen multi-attribute-object compositions. Along with MAD, we propose two novel metrics Hard and Soft to give a comprehensive evaluation in the multi-attribute setting. Experiments on MAD and two other single-attribute-object benchmarks (MIT-States and UT-Zappos50K) demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1939-3539
ISSN (online)	1939-3539
DOI	10.1109/TPAMI.2023.3273712
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Book ; Online: Generalization error bounds for iterative learning algorithms with bounded updates

Fu, Jingwen / Zheng, Nanning

2023

Abstract: This paper explores the generalization characteristics of iterative learning algorithms with bounded updates for non-convex loss functions, employing information-theoretic techniques. Our key contribution is a novel bound for the generalization error of ... ...

Abstract	This paper explores the generalization characteristics of iterative learning algorithms with bounded updates for non-convex loss functions, employing information-theoretic techniques. Our key contribution is a novel bound for the generalization error of these algorithms with bounded updates. Our approach introduces two main novelties: 1) we reformulate the mutual information as the uncertainty of updates, providing a new perspective, and 2) instead of using the chaining rule of mutual information, we employ a variance decomposition technique to decompose information across iterations, allowing for a simpler surrogate process. We analyze our generalization bound under various settings and demonstrate improved bounds. To bridge the gap between theory and practice, we also examine the previously observed scaling behavior in large language models. Ultimately, our work takes a further step for developing practical generalization theories.
Keywords	Computer Science - Machine Learning ; Statistics - Machine Learning
Subject code	006
Publishing date	2023-09-10
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: MixPHM

Jiang, Jingjing / Zheng, Nanning

Redundancy-Aware Parameter-Efficient Tuning for Low-Resource Visual Question Answering

2023

Abstract: Recently, finetuning pretrained Vision-Language Models (VLMs) has been a prevailing paradigm for achieving state-of-the-art performance in Visual Question Answering (VQA). However, as VLMs scale, finetuning full model parameters for a given task in low- ... ...

Abstract	Recently, finetuning pretrained Vision-Language Models (VLMs) has been a prevailing paradigm for achieving state-of-the-art performance in Visual Question Answering (VQA). However, as VLMs scale, finetuning full model parameters for a given task in low-resource settings becomes computationally expensive, storage inefficient, and prone to overfitting. Current parameter-efficient tuning methods dramatically reduce the number of tunable parameters, but there still exists a significant performance gap with full finetuning. In this paper, we propose MixPHM, a redundancy-aware parameter-efficient tuning method that outperforms full finetuning in low-resource VQA. Specifically, MixPHM is a lightweight module implemented by multiple PHM-experts in a mixture-of-experts manner. To reduce parameter redundancy, MixPHM reparameterizes expert weights in a low-rank subspace and shares part of the weights inside and across experts. Moreover, based on a quantitative redundancy analysis for adapters, we propose Redundancy Regularization to reduce task-irrelevant redundancy while promoting task-relevant correlation in MixPHM representations. Experiments conducted on VQA v2, GQA, and OK-VQA demonstrate that MixPHM outperforms state-of-the-art parameter-efficient methods and is the only one consistently surpassing full finetuning. Comment: 13 pages, 6 figures, 9 tables. Accepted to CVPR 2023
Keywords	Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Subject code	006
Publishing date	2023-03-02
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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