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  1. Article ; Online: Predictive performance of emergency department-specific variables on COVID-19 pneumonia.

    Tan, Hann-Yee / Yeo, Mathew / Tay, Xin-Ying / Fung, Michael / Kumar, Ranjeev / Ooi, Say-Tat / Amirah, Lina / Ubeynarayana, Chalani Udhyami / Mao, Desmond

    Singapore medical journal

    2021  Volume 63, Issue 12, Page(s) 715–722

    Abstract: Introduction: The majority of patients with COVID-19 infection do not progress to pneumonia. We report emergency department (ED)-specific variables and evaluate their predictive performance on diagnosis of pneumonia, intensive care unit (ICU) admission ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: The majority of patients with COVID-19 infection do not progress to pneumonia. We report emergency department (ED)-specific variables and evaluate their predictive performance on diagnosis of pneumonia, intensive care unit (ICU) admission and death.
    Methods: This was a retrospective, single-centre cohort study of confirmed COVID-19 patients admitted to a Singapore tertiary hospital. Primary outcome was diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia. Secondary outcomes were ICU admission and/or death. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyse the predictive performance of ED-specific variables. Accuracy of continuous variables was measured by area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.
    Results: 294 patients were included. Patients with pneumonia were older (52.0 years, P < 0.001) and had higher C-reactive protein (CRP; 33.8 mg/L, P < 0.001). Patients with indeterminate chest radiograph (CRX) findings were at risk of pneumonia vs. patients with normal CRX (37.5% vs. 4.3%, P < 0.001). Patients admitted to ICU were older (60.0 years, P < 0.001) and had higher CRP (40.0 mg/L, P < 0.001). Diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia was associated with ICU admission and death (30.0% vs 0.39%, P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age (aOR 1.07, P = 0.049), CRP (aOR 1.05, P = 0.006) and CRX findings (aOR 50.00, P < 0.001) had increased odds of pneumonia. ROC curve analysis showed that CRP of 23.3 mg/L was the optimal cut-off for predicting pneumonia.
    Conclusion: Older age, higher CRP and CRX findings are associated with COVID-19 pneumonia, ICU admission and death. Prospective studies should be undertaken to validate these findings.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Cohort Studies ; Retrospective Studies ; Prospective Studies ; Intensive Care Units ; ROC Curve ; Emergency Service, Hospital
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-22
    Publishing country India
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 604319-7
    ISSN 2737-5935 ; 0037-5675
    ISSN (online) 2737-5935
    ISSN 0037-5675
    DOI 10.11622/smedj.2021084
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Community-level interventions for out-of-hospital cardiac arrests in Singapore: Yay or nay?

    Tan, Hann Yee / Mao, Desmond Re Hao

    Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore

    2021  Volume 50, Issue 3, Page(s) 200–202

    MeSH term(s) Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Emergency Medical Services ; Humans ; Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest/epidemiology ; Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest/therapy ; Singapore/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-29
    Publishing country Singapore
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 604527-3
    ISSN 0304-4602
    ISSN 0304-4602
    DOI 10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.2021106
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Corrigendum to "Antibiotic expectation, behaviour, and receipt among patients presenting to emergency departments with uncomplicated upper respiratory tract infection during the COVID-19 pandemic" [Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance 33 (2023) 89-96].

    Huang, Zhilian / Kuan, Win Sen / Tan, Hann Yee / Seow, Eillyne / Tiah, Ling / Peng, Li Lee / Weng, Yanyi / Chow, Angela

    Journal of global antimicrobial resistance

    2023  Volume 33, Page(s) 376

    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-13
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Published Erratum
    ZDB-ID 2710046-7
    ISSN 2213-7173 ; 2213-7173
    ISSN (online) 2213-7173
    ISSN 2213-7173
    DOI 10.1016/j.jgar.2023.04.001
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Correction: A multi-institutional exploration of emergency medicine physicians' attitudes and behaviours on antibiotic use during the COVID-19 pandemic: a mixed-methods study.

    Huang, Zhilian / Tay, Evonne / Kuan, Win Sen / Tiah, Ling / Weng, Yanyi / Tan, Hann Yee / Seow, Eillyne / Peng, Li Lee / Chow, Angela

    Antimicrobial resistance and infection control

    2023  Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 54

    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Published Erratum
    ZDB-ID 2666706-X
    ISSN 2047-2994 ; 2047-2994
    ISSN (online) 2047-2994
    ISSN 2047-2994
    DOI 10.1186/s13756-023-01255-7
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: N-of-1 Trials of Antimicrobial Stewardship Interventions to Optimize Antibiotic Prescribing for Upper Respiratory Tract Infection in Emergency Departments: Protocol for a Quasi-Experimental Study.

    Attal, Hersh / Huang, Zhilian / Kuan, Win Sen / Weng, Yanyi / Tan, Hann Yee / Seow, Eillyne / Peng, Li Lee / Lim, Hoon Chin / Chow, Angela

    JMIR research protocols

    2024  Volume 13, Page(s) e50417

    Abstract: Background: Antimicrobial stewardship programs attempting to optimize antibiotic therapy and clinical outcomes mainly focus on inpatient and outpatient settings. The lack of antimicrobial stewardship program studies in the emergency department (ED) ... ...

    Abstract Background: Antimicrobial stewardship programs attempting to optimize antibiotic therapy and clinical outcomes mainly focus on inpatient and outpatient settings. The lack of antimicrobial stewardship program studies in the emergency department (ED) represents a gap in tackling the problem of antimicrobial resistance as EDs treat a substantial number of upper respiratory tract infection cases throughout the year.
    Objective: We intend to implement two evidence-based interventions: (1) patient education and (2) providing physician feedback on their prescribing rates. We will incorporate evidence from a literature review and contextualizing the interventions based on findings from a local qualitative study.
    Methods: Our study uses a quasi-experimental design to evaluate the effects of interventions over time in the EDs of 4 public hospitals in Singapore. We will include an initial control period of 18 months. In the next 6 months, we will randomize 2 EDs to receive 1 intervention (ie, patient education) and the other 2 EDs to receive the alternative intervention (ie, physician feedback). All EDs will receive the second intervention in the subsequent 6 months on top of the ongoing intervention. Data will be collected for another 6 months to assess the persistence of the intervention effects. The information leaflets will be handed to patients at the EDs before they consult with the physician, while feedback to individual physicians by senior doctors is in the form of electronic text messages. The feedback will contain the physicians' antibiotic prescribing rate compared with the departments' overall antibiotic prescribing rate and a bite-size message on good antibiotic prescribing practices.
    Results: We will analyze the data using segmented regression with difference-in-difference estimation to account for concurrent cluster comparisons.
    Conclusions: Our proposed study assesses the effectiveness of evidence-based, context-specific interventions to optimize antibiotic prescribing in EDs. These interventions are aligned with Singapore's national effort to tackle antimicrobial resistance and can be scaled up if successful.
    Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05451863; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05451836.
    International registered report identifier (irrid): DERR1-10.2196/50417.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-21
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2719222-2
    ISSN 1929-0748
    ISSN 1929-0748
    DOI 10.2196/50417
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: A multi-institutional exploration of emergency medicine physicians' attitudes and behaviours on antibiotic use during the COVID-19 pandemic: a mixed-methods study.

    Huang, Zhilian / Tay, Evonne / Kuan, Win Sen / Tiah, Ling / Weng, Yanyi / Tan, Hann Yee / Seow, Eillyne / Peng, Li Lee / Chow, Angela

    Antimicrobial resistance and infection control

    2023  Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 24

    Abstract: Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the epidemiology of upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) and the disease profile of patients attending the emergency department (ED). Hence, we sought to explore the changes in ED physicians' attitudes ... ...

    Abstract Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the epidemiology of upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) and the disease profile of patients attending the emergency department (ED). Hence, we sought to explore the changes in ED physicians' attitudes and behaviours in four EDs in Singapore.
    Methods: We employed a sequential mixed-methods approach (quantitative survey followed by in-depth interviews). Principal component analysis was performed to derive latent factors, followed by multivariable logistic regression to explore the independent factors associated with high antibiotic prescribing. Interviews were analysed using the deductive-inductive-deductive framework. We derive five meta-inferences by integrating the quantitative and qualitative findings with an explanatory bidirectional framework.
    Results: We obtained 560 (65.9%) valid responses from the survey and interviewed 50 physicians from various work experiences. ED physicians were twice as likely to report high antibiotic prescribing rates pre-COVID-19 pandemic than during the pandemic (AOR = 2.12, 95% CI 1.32 to 3.41, p = 0.002). Five meta-inferences were made by integrating the data: (1) Less pressure to prescribe antibiotics due to reduced patient demand and more patient education opportunities; (2) A higher proportion of ED physicians self-reported lower antibiotic prescribing rates during the COVID-19 pandemic but their perception of the overall outlook on antibiotic prescribing rates varied; (3) Physicians who were high antibiotic prescribers during the COVID-19 pandemic made less effort for prudent antibiotic prescribing as they were less concerned about antimicrobial resistance; (4) the COVID-19 pandemic did not change the factors that lowered the threshold for antibiotic prescribing; (5) the COVID-19 pandemic did not change the perception that the public's knowledge of antibiotics is poor.
    Conclusions: Self-reported antibiotic prescribing rates decreased in the ED during the COVID-19 pandemic due to less pressure to prescribe antibiotics. The lessons and experiences learnt from the COVID-19 pandemic can be incorporated into public and medical education in the war against antimicrobial resistance going forward. Antibiotic use should also be monitored post-pandemic to assess if the changes are sustained.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Pandemics ; Practice Patterns, Physicians' ; COVID-19 ; Physicians
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Multicenter Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2666706-X
    ISSN 2047-2994 ; 2047-2994
    ISSN (online) 2047-2994
    ISSN 2047-2994
    DOI 10.1186/s13756-023-01230-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Antibiotic expectation, behaviour, and receipt among patients presenting to emergency departments with uncomplicated upper respiratory tract infection during the COVID-19 pandemic.

    Huang, Zhilian / Kuan, Win Sen / Tan, Hann Yee / Seow, Eillyne / Tiah, Ling / Peng, Li Lee / Weng, Yanyi / Chow, Angela

    Journal of global antimicrobial resistance

    2023  Volume 33, Page(s) 89–96

    Abstract: Objectives: Pre-COVID-19 pandemic, patients who attended the emergency department (ED) for upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) were more likely to receive antibiotics if they expected them. These expectations could have changed with the change in ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: Pre-COVID-19 pandemic, patients who attended the emergency department (ED) for upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) were more likely to receive antibiotics if they expected them. These expectations could have changed with the change in health-seeking behaviour during the pandemic. We assessed the factors associated with antibiotics expectation and receipt for uncomplicated URTI patients in four Singapore EDs during the COVID-19 pandemic.
    Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study on adult patients with URTI from March 2021 to March 2022 in four Singapore EDs and assessed the determinants of antibiotics expectation and receipt using multivariable logistic regression models. We also assessed the reasons patients expect antibiotics during their ED visit.
    Results: Among 681 patients, 31.0% expected antibiotics while 8.7% received antibiotics during their ED visit. Factors (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval]) that significantly influenced expectation for antibiotics include: 1) prior consultation for current illness with (6.56 [3.30-13.11]) or without (1.50 [1.01-2.23]) antibiotics prescribed; 2) anticipation for COVID-19 test (1.56 [1.01-2.41]); and 3) poor (2.16 [1.26-3.68]) to moderate (2.26 [1.33-3.84]) knowledge on antibiotics use and resistance. Patients expecting antibiotics were 10.6 times (10.64 [5.34-21.17]) more likely to receive antibiotics. Those with tertiary education were twice (2.20 [1.09-4.43]) as likely to receive antibiotics.
    Conclusion: In conclusion, patients with URTI who expected antibiotics to be prescribed remained more likely to receive it during the COVID-19 pandemic. This highlights the need for more public education on the non-necessity for antibiotics for URTI and COVID-19 to address the problem of antibiotic resistance.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/psychology ; Pandemics ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Emergency Room Visits ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Patients/psychology ; Patient Education as Topic ; Motivation ; Health Behavior ; Drug Prescriptions ; Singapore ; Antimicrobial Stewardship ; Male ; Female ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Respiratory Tract Infections/drug therapy ; Respiratory Tract Infections/epidemiology ; Respiratory Tract Infections/psychology
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-10
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2710046-7
    ISSN 2213-7173 ; 2213-7173
    ISSN (online) 2213-7173
    ISSN 2213-7173
    DOI 10.1016/j.jgar.2023.02.025
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Assertive community treatment for high-utilizing alcohol misuse patients: a before-and-after cohort study protocol.

    Wu, Juntian / Siddiqui, Fahad Javaid / Mak, Charles Chia Meng / Chua, Ivan Si Yong / Thangayah, Jeevan Raaj / Tan, Esther Xi Xiang / Seet, Huey Ying / Rao, Adriel Kailing / Tan, Hann Yee / Mohamed, Asif / Hartman, Mikael / Leong, Benjamin Sieu-Hon / Ong, Marcus Eng Hock / Mao, Desmond Renhao

    BMC health services research

    2024  Volume 24, Issue 1, Page(s) 256

    Abstract: Background: The challenge posed by Alcohol-Related Frequent Attenders (ARFAs) in Emergency Departments (EDs) is growing in Singapore, marked by limited engagement with conventional addiction treatment pathways. Recognizing this gap, this study aims to ... ...

    Abstract Background: The challenge posed by Alcohol-Related Frequent Attenders (ARFAs) in Emergency Departments (EDs) is growing in Singapore, marked by limited engagement with conventional addiction treatment pathways. Recognizing this gap, this study aims to explore the potential benefits of Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) - an innovative, community-centered, harm-reduction strategy-in mitigating the frequency of ED visits, curbing Emergency Medical Services (EMS) calls, and uplifting health outcomes across a quartet of Singaporean healthcare institutions.
    Methods: Employing a prospective before-and-after cohort design, this investigation targeted ARFAs aged 21 years and above, fluent in English or Mandarin. Eligibility was determined by a history of at least five ED visits in the preceding year, with no fewer than two due to alcohol-related issues. The study contrasted health outcomes of patients integrated into the ACT care model versus their experiences under the exclusive provision of standard emergency care across Hospitals A, B, C and D. Following participants for half a year post-initial assessment, the evaluation metrics encompassed socio-demographic factors, ED, and EMS engagement frequencies, along with validated health assessment tools, namely Christo Inventory for Substance-misuse Services (CISS) scores, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) Loneliness scores, and Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale Revised (CESD-R-10) scores.
    Discussion: Confronted with intricate socio-economic and medical challenges, the ARFA cohort often grapples with heightened vulnerabilities in relation to alcohol misuse. Pioneering the exploration of ACT's efficacy with ARFAs in a Singaporean context, our research is anchored in a patient-centered approach, designed to comprehensively address these multifaceted clinical profiles. While challenges, like potential high attrition rates and sporadic data collection, are anticipated, the model's prospective contribution towards enhancing patient well-being and driving healthcare efficiencies in Singapore is substantial. Our findings have the potential to reshape healthcare strategies and policy recommendations.
    Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04447079. Initiated on 25 June 2020.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Alcoholism/therapy ; Cohort Studies ; Community Mental Health Services ; Prospective Studies ; Emergency Medical Services ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Alcohol-Related Disorders
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2050434-2
    ISSN 1472-6963 ; 1472-6963
    ISSN (online) 1472-6963
    ISSN 1472-6963
    DOI 10.1186/s12913-023-10516-5
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  9. Article ; Online: Applying Andersen's healthcare utilization model to assess factors influencing patients' expectations for diagnostic tests at emergency department visits during the COVID-19 pandemic.

    Huang, Zhilian / Natarajan, Karthiga / Lim, Hoon Chin / Weng, Yanyi / Tan, Hann Yee / Seow, Eillyne / Peng, Li Lee / Ow, Jing Teng / Kuan, Win Sen / Chow, Angela

    Frontiers in public health

    2023  Volume 11, Page(s) 1250658

    Abstract: Background: The uncertainties surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic led to a surge in non-urgent emergency department (ED) attendance among people presenting with upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) symptoms. These non-urgent visits, often manageable ... ...

    Abstract Background: The uncertainties surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic led to a surge in non-urgent emergency department (ED) attendance among people presenting with upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) symptoms. These non-urgent visits, often manageable in primary care, exacerbated ED overcrowding, which could compromise the quality of ED services. Understanding patients' expectations and the reasons for these ED visits is imperative to mitigate the problem of ED overcrowding. Hence, we assessed the factors influencing patients' expectations for diagnostic tests during their ED visits for uncomplicated URTI during different phases of the pandemic.
    Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study on adults with URTI symptoms seeking care at four public EDs in Singapore between March 2021 and March 2022. We segmented the study period into three COVID-19 pandemic phases-containment, transition, and mitigation. The outcome variables are whether patients expected (1) a COVID-19-specific diagnostic test, (2) a non-COVID-19-specific diagnostic test, (3) both COVID-19-specific and non-COVID-19-specific diagnostic tests, or (4) no diagnostic test. We built a multinomial regression model with backward stepwise selection and classified the findings according to Andersen's healthcare utilization model.
    Results: The mean age of participants was 34.5 (12.7) years. Factors (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval]) influencing expectations for a COVID-19-specific diagnostic test in the ED include younger age {21-40 years: (2.98 [1.04-8.55])}, no prior clinical consultation (2.10 [1.13-3.89]), adherence to employer's health policy (3.70 [1.79-7.67]), perceived non-severity of illness (2.50 [1.39-4.55]), being worried about contracting COVID-19 (2.29 [1.11-4.69]), and during the transition phase of the pandemic (2.29 [1.15-4.56]). Being non-employed influenced the expectation for non-COVID-19-specific diagnostic tests (3.83 [1.26-11.66]). Factors influencing expectations for both COVID-19-specific and non-COVID-19-specific tests include younger age {21-40 years: (3.61 [1.26-10.38]); 41-60 years: (4.49 [1.43-14.13])}, adherence to employer's health policy (2.94 [1.41-6.14]), being worried about contracting COVID-19 (2.95 [1.45- 5.99]), and during the transition (2.03 [1.02-4.06]) and mitigation (2.02 [1.03-3.97]) phases of the pandemic.
    Conclusion: Patients' expectations for diagnostic tests during ED visits for uncomplicated URTI were dynamic across the COVID-19 pandemic phases. Expectations for COVID-19-specific diagnostic tests for ED visits for uncomplicated URTI were higher among younger individuals and those worried about contracting COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic. Future studies are required to enhance public communications on the availability of diagnostic services in primary care and public education on self-management of emerging infectious diseases such as COVID-19.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Young Adult ; COVID-19/diagnosis ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Pandemics ; Motivation ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Patient Acceptance of Health Care ; Diagnostic Tests, Routine ; COVID-19 Testing
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-23
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2711781-9
    ISSN 2296-2565 ; 2296-2565
    ISSN (online) 2296-2565
    ISSN 2296-2565
    DOI 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1250658
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  10. Article ; Online: Expanding the anti-flaviviral arsenal: Discovery of a baicalein-derived Compound with potent activity against DENV and ZIKV.

    Putri, Geraldine Nadya / Gudla, Chandra Sekhar / Singh, Mayas / Ng, Chin Huan / Idris, Fakhriedzwan Fitri Haji / Oo, Yukei / Tan, Jasmine Hwee Yee / Wong, Joel Feng Jie / Chu, Justin Jang Hann / Selvam, Vignesh / Selvaraj, Siva Shanmugam / Shandil, Radha Krishan / Narayanan, Shridhar / Alonso, Sylvie

    Antiviral research

    2023  Volume 220, Page(s) 105739

    Abstract: With approximately 3.8 billion people at risk of infection in tropical and sub-tropical regions, Dengue ranks among the top ten threats worldwide. Despite the potential for severe disease manifestation and the economic burden it places on endemic ... ...

    Abstract With approximately 3.8 billion people at risk of infection in tropical and sub-tropical regions, Dengue ranks among the top ten threats worldwide. Despite the potential for severe disease manifestation and the economic burden it places on endemic countries, there is a lack of approved antiviral agents to effectively treat the infection. Flavonoids, including baicalein, have garnered attention for their antimicrobial properties. In this study, we took a rational and iterative approach to develop a series of baicalein derivatives with improved antiviral activity against Dengue virus (DENV). Compound 11064 emerged as a promising lead candidate, exhibiting antiviral activity against the four DENV serotypes and representative strains of Zika virus (ZIKV) in vitro, with attractive selectivity indices. Mechanistic studies revealed that Compound 11064 did not prevent DENV attachment at the cell surface, nor viral RNA synthesis and viral protein translation. Instead, the drug was found to impair the post-receptor binding entry steps (endocytosis and/or uncoating), as well as the late stage of DENV infection cycle, including virus assembly/maturation and/or exocytosis. The inability to raise DENV resistant mutants, combined with significant antiviral activity against an unrelated RNA virus (Enterovirus-A71) suggested that Compound 11064 targets the host rather than a viral protein, further supporting its broad-spectrum antiviral potential. Overall, Compound 11064 represents a promising antiviral candidate for the treatment of Dengue and Zika.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Zika Virus ; Zika Virus Infection/drug therapy ; Flavivirus ; Dengue Virus ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; Dengue/drug therapy
    Chemical Substances baicalein (49QAH60606) ; Antiviral Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-07
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 306628-9
    ISSN 1872-9096 ; 0166-3542
    ISSN (online) 1872-9096
    ISSN 0166-3542
    DOI 10.1016/j.antiviral.2023.105739
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