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  1. Article ; Online: Poor learning or hyper-exploration?: A commentary on Hulsbosch et al. (2023).

    Pollak, Yehuda

    Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines

    2023  Volume 64, Issue 11, Page(s) 1641–1642

    Abstract: In an outstanding paper, Hulsbosch et al. (Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2023) tested major reinforcement learning theories of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). On a reinforcement learning task, children with ADHD needed more ...

    Abstract In an outstanding paper, Hulsbosch et al. (Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2023) tested major reinforcement learning theories of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). On a reinforcement learning task, children with ADHD needed more trials to reach the criterion in the learning phase and chose the target less often in the extinction phase. These results only partially support either of the theories and may be interpreted as reflecting a general deficit in learning. Still, distinguishing between learning and decision-making stages suggests that poor performance on reinforcement learning tasks by children with ADHD is accounted for by increased exploration or decreased choice consistency rather than deficient learning.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 218136-8
    ISSN 1469-7610 ; 0021-9630 ; 0373-8086
    ISSN (online) 1469-7610
    ISSN 0021-9630 ; 0373-8086
    DOI 10.1111/jcpp.13875
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Risk-Taking Behaviors in Children with ADHD Compared to Children with Primary Headaches.

    Winter, Gidon Nathan / Aran, Adi / Pollak, Yehuda

    Neuropediatrics

    2022  Volume 54, Issue 4, Page(s) 266–272

    Abstract: The study examined the engagement in risk-taking behaviors and their onset in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) compared with children with primary headaches. Whether ADHD is associated with higher engagement in risk-taking ... ...

    Abstract The study examined the engagement in risk-taking behaviors and their onset in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) compared with children with primary headaches. Whether ADHD is associated with higher engagement in risk-taking behavior compared with other neurodevelopmental disorders (and not only typical development) has yet to be demonstrated. A sample of 189 children, 10 to 18 years old, undergoing neurological surveillance for ADHD (
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Child ; Adolescent ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/epidemiology ; Parents ; Neurodevelopmental Disorders ; Headache/epidemiology ; Risk-Taking
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-28
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 573291-8
    ISSN 1439-1899 ; 0174-304X
    ISSN (online) 1439-1899
    ISSN 0174-304X
    DOI 10.1055/a-1988-2719
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  3. Article: Symptoms of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Are Associated with Sub-Optimal and Inconsistent Temporal Decision Making.

    Gabrieli-Seri, Ortal / Ert, Eyal / Pollak, Yehuda

    Brain sciences

    2022  Volume 12, Issue 10

    Abstract: The link between Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and steeper delay discounting has been established and incorporated into theories of ADHD. This study examines a novel interpretation according to which ADHD is linked to sub-optimal ... ...

    Abstract The link between Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and steeper delay discounting has been established and incorporated into theories of ADHD. This study examines a novel interpretation according to which ADHD is linked to sub-optimal temporal decision-making and suggests inconsistency as a potential underlying mechanism. In two experiments, MTurk workers completed a self-report questionnaire on symptoms of ADHD and a temporal decision making task consisting of choices between smaller-immediate and larger-delayed options. The delayed option was better in some items, whereas the immediate option was better in others. The rate of choices of the delayed option and the consistency of choices were measured. The results of both studies show that high symptoms of ADHD were linked to fewer choices of the delayed option when it was better, but also to more choices of the delayed option when it was not better. In addition, ADHD was linked to higher inconsistency in both conditions. The findings suggest that ADHD is linked to sub-optimal temporal decision-making rather than steeper delay discounting, and provide further support to the phenomenon of inconsistency in ADHD.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-28
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2651993-8
    ISSN 2076-3425
    ISSN 2076-3425
    DOI 10.3390/brainsci12101312
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: The Link between ADHD Symptoms and Antisocial Behavior: The Moderating Role of the Protective Factor Sense of Coherence.

    Dayan, Haym / Khoury-Kassabri, Mona / Pollak, Yehuda

    Brain sciences

    2022  Volume 12, Issue 10

    Abstract: Numerous studies have established the link between ADHD and antisocial behavior, one of the most serious functional impairments caused by the disorder. However, research on protective factors that mitigate this link is still lacking. The Salutogenic ... ...

    Abstract Numerous studies have established the link between ADHD and antisocial behavior, one of the most serious functional impairments caused by the disorder. However, research on protective factors that mitigate this link is still lacking. The Salutogenic Model of Health offers the “Sense of Coherence” (SOC), establishing that individuals who see their lives as logical, meaningful, and manageable are more resistant to various risk factors and diseases. The present study examines for the first time whether SOC is also a protective factor against different ADHD-related types of antisocial behaviors (severe/mild violent behavior, verbal violence, property crimes, public disorder, and drug abuse). A total of 3180 participants aged 15−50 completed online questionnaires assessing the level of ADHD symptoms, antisocial behaviors, and SOC. Structural equation modeling was applied to examine the research hypothesis. An interaction between ADHD symptoms and SOC was found in predicting each type of antisocial behavior (beta = −0.06−−0.17, p < 0.01). The link between ADHD symptoms and antisocial behavior was significantly weaker for high than low SOC participants, regardless of age group. The current study found that people with high SOC are protected against the effect of ADHD symptoms on one of the most serious functional impairments, antisocial behavior. These findings suggest that SOC is a protective factor from the adverse effects of ADHD symptoms, justifying further prospective and intervention studies.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-03
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2651993-8
    ISSN 2076-3425
    ISSN 2076-3425
    DOI 10.3390/brainsci12101336
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  5. Article ; Online: Bacteria elicit a phage tolerance response subsequent to infection of their neighbors.

    Tzipilevich, Elhanan / Pollak-Fiyaksel, Osher / Shraiteh, Bushra / Ben-Yehuda, Sigal

    The EMBO journal

    2021  Volume 41, Issue 3, Page(s) e109247

    Abstract: Appearance of plaques on a bacterial lawn is a sign of successive rounds of bacteriophage infection. Yet, mechanisms evolved by bacteria to limit plaque spread have been hardly explored. Here, we investigated the dynamics of plaque development by lytic ... ...

    Abstract Appearance of plaques on a bacterial lawn is a sign of successive rounds of bacteriophage infection. Yet, mechanisms evolved by bacteria to limit plaque spread have been hardly explored. Here, we investigated the dynamics of plaque development by lytic phages infecting the bacterium Bacillus subtilis. We report that plaque expansion is followed by a constriction phase owing to bacterial growth into the plaque zone. This phenomenon exposed an adaptive process, herein termed "phage tolerance response", elicited by non-infected bacteria upon sensing infection of their neighbors. The temporary phage tolerance is executed by the stress-response RNA polymerase sigma factor σ
    MeSH term(s) Bacillus subtilis/metabolism ; Bacillus subtilis/virology ; Bacteriophages/pathogenicity ; Host-Pathogen Interactions ; Operon ; Sigma Factor/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Sigma Factor
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 586044-1
    ISSN 1460-2075 ; 0261-4189
    ISSN (online) 1460-2075
    ISSN 0261-4189
    DOI 10.15252/embj.2021109247
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  6. Article: Corrigendum: Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Increased Engagement in Sexual Risk-Taking Behavior: The Role of Benefit Perception.

    Spiegel, Tali / Pollak, Yehuda

    Frontiers in psychology

    2019  Volume 10, Page(s) 2152

    Abstract: This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01043.]. ...

    Abstract [This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01043.].
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-09-19
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Published Erratum
    ZDB-ID 2563826-9
    ISSN 1664-1078
    ISSN 1664-1078
    DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02152
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  7. Article ; Online: Features of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and antisocial behaviour in a general population-based sample of adults.

    Dayan, Haym / Shoham, Rachel / Berger, Itai / Khoury-Kassabri, Mona / Pollak, Yehuda

    Criminal behaviour and mental health : CBMH

    2023  Volume 33, Issue 3, Page(s) 172–184

    Abstract: Background: Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is known to be a risk factor for antisocial and delinquent behaviour, but there is still a lack of information on how features of ADHD relate to offending behaviour among adults not already ... ...

    Abstract Background: Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is known to be a risk factor for antisocial and delinquent behaviour, but there is still a lack of information on how features of ADHD relate to offending behaviour among adults not already defined by their offending.
    Aims: Our aim was to add to knowledge about relationships between ADHD and antisocial behaviour among adults in the general population by answering the following questions: (A) Does the level of self-reported ADHD features relate to criminal and non-criminal antisocial behaviour? (B) To what extent are self-ratings of ADHD features independent of socio-demographic features previously identified as predictors of antisocial behaviour?
    Methods: A sample of adults was originally recruited to study public response to the COVID-19 outbreak through an online panel to be representative of the Israeli population. Among other scales, the 2025 participants completed an ADHD self-report scale, an antisocial behaviour self-report scale and a socio-demographic questionnaire probing for age, gender, urbanity, place of birth, socioeconomic status (education and income), family status (being in a relationship and having children) and religiosity.
    Results: Higher mean totals for the inattention and hyperactivity ADHD scale scores were associated with higher mean antisocial behaviour scores. These relationships were only slightly affected by socio-demographic variables, including sex, age, education and income.
    Conclusion: Our findings suggest that not only may features of ADHD, even below a diagnostic threshold, constitute a risk factor for antisocial behaviour, but also that the self-rated levels of these problems covary. These findings are important for informing the early detection of risk of antisocial behaviour in the general population and its prevention.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Humans ; Adult ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/epidemiology ; Antisocial Personality Disorder/epidemiology ; Antisocial Personality Disorder/diagnosis ; COVID-19 ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Self Report
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-14
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2042697-5
    ISSN 1471-2857 ; 0957-9664
    ISSN (online) 1471-2857
    ISSN 0957-9664
    DOI 10.1002/cbm.2288
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  8. Article ; Online: Intertwined associations among attachment styles, emotional dysregulation, and ADHD: examining unique associations with general risk-taking behavior.

    Asadi, Hattem / Shoham, Rachel / Pollak, Yehuda

    Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996)

    2021  Volume 128, Issue 7, Page(s) 957–968

    Abstract: Attachment insecurity, emotional dysregulation, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have all been implicated across the literature with various forms of negative life outcomes and increased risk-taking behavior (RTB). Furthermore, ... ...

    Abstract Attachment insecurity, emotional dysregulation, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have all been implicated across the literature with various forms of negative life outcomes and increased risk-taking behavior (RTB). Furthermore, abundant research has demonstrated that the three seem to go together. Given these intercorrelations, it is unclear if any of them possess exclusive links with RTB independent of the others across multiple life domains. The present study examined the relations among attachment styles, emotional dysregulation, ADHD symptoms, and hypothetical RTBs across multiple real-life domains. Including a total of 155 mostly undergraduate students, we found in the main analysis that only ADHD symptoms were associated with RTB over and above all other variables. Specifically, the links between both attachment insecurity and emotional dysregulation with RTB disappeared when ADHD symptoms were included in the final model, but not vice versa. An exploratory analysis suggested that attachment insecurity was linked to romantic/sexual RTB over and above the others. These results further substantiate the link between ADHD symptoms and a general propensity for RTB and demonstrate that the link between the two seems to be inherent to the disorder and independent of its co-occurrence with attachment insecurity and emotional dysregulation.
    MeSH term(s) Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity ; Emotions ; Humans ; Risk-Taking ; Social Behavior
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-11
    Publishing country Austria
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 184163-4
    ISSN 1435-1463 ; 0300-9564
    ISSN (online) 1435-1463
    ISSN 0300-9564
    DOI 10.1007/s00702-021-02320-4
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  9. Article ; Online: Decision-making and Risky Behavior in Individuals with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A 10-year Longitudinal Study.

    Orm, Stian / Pollak, Yehuda / Fossum, Ingrid Nesdal / Andersen, Per Normann / Øie, Merete Glenne / Skogli, Erik Winther

    Developmental neuropsychology

    2022  Volume 47, Issue 4, Page(s) 193–209

    Abstract: We assessed 85 children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and 50 typically developing children (TD) ( ... ...

    Abstract We assessed 85 children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and 50 typically developing children (TD) (M
    MeSH term(s) Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis ; Decision Making ; Female ; Gambling ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Risk-Taking
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 632665-1
    ISSN 1532-6942 ; 8756-5641
    ISSN (online) 1532-6942
    ISSN 8756-5641
    DOI 10.1080/87565641.2022.2082430
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  10. Article ; Online: Predictors of non-adherence to public health instructions during the COVID-19 pandemic.

    Pollak, Yehuda / Dayan, Haym / Shoham, Rachel / Berger, Itai

    Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences

    2020  Volume 74, Issue 11, Page(s) 602–604

    MeSH term(s) COVID-19/psychology ; Female ; Guideline Adherence/statistics & numerical data ; Health Education ; Humans ; Male ; Pandemics ; Risk Factors
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-26
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 1292906-2
    ISSN 1440-1819 ; 1323-1316
    ISSN (online) 1440-1819
    ISSN 1323-1316
    DOI 10.1111/pcn.13122
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