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Article ; Online: A 62-Year-Old Woman With a Large Abdominal Mass.

Marano, Luigi / Carbone, Ludovico / Roviello, Franco

2022 Volume 329, Issue 3, Page(s) 253–254

MeSH term(s)	Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Abdomen/diagnostic imaging ; Abdominal Pain/etiology ; Abdominal Neoplasms
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2958-0
ISSN	1538-3598 ; 0254-9077 ; 0002-9955 ; 0098-7484
ISSN (online)	1538-3598
ISSN	0254-9077 ; 0002-9955 ; 0098-7484
DOI	10.1001/jama.2022.23320
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Article ; Online: Authors' Reply: The Emergency Surgery Frailty Index (EmSFI) in Elderly Patients with Acute Appendicitis-An External Validation of Prognostic Score.

Fusario, Daniele / Neri, Alessandro / Carbone, Ludovico / Resca, Luca / Marano, Luigi / Grassi, Giulia / Calomino, Natale / Verre, Luigi / Roviello, Franco / Marrelli, Daniele

World journal of surgery

2023 Volume 47, Issue 11, Page(s) 2945–2946

Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	224043-9
ISSN	1432-2323 ; 0364-2313
ISSN (online)	1432-2323
ISSN	0364-2313
DOI	10.1007/s00268-023-07152-9
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Zs.A 1336: Show issues

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Article: Green Synthesis of Iridium Nanoparticles from Winery Waste and Their Catalytic Effectiveness in Water Decontamination.

Mergola, Lucia / Carbone, Luigi / Stomeo, Tiziana / Del Sole, Roberta

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 16, Issue 5

Abstract: An environmentally friendly procedure was adopted for the first time to prepare green iridium nanoparticles starting from grape marc extracts. Grape marcs, waste of Negramaro winery production, were subjected to aqueous thermal extraction at different ... ...

Abstract	An environmentally friendly procedure was adopted for the first time to prepare green iridium nanoparticles starting from grape marc extracts. Grape marcs, waste of Negramaro winery production, were subjected to aqueous thermal extraction at different temperatures (45, 65, 80, and 100 °C) and characterized in terms of total phenolic contents, reducing sugars, and antioxidant activity. The results obtained showed an important effect of temperature with higher amounts of polyphenols and reducing sugars and antioxidant activity in the extracts with the increase of temperature. All four extracts were used as starting materials to synthesize different iridium nanoparticles (Ir-NP1, Ir-NP2, Ir-NP3, and Ir-NP4) that were characterized by Uv-Vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and dynamic light scattering. TEM analysis revealed the presence of very small particles in all samples with sizes in the range of 3.0-4.5 nm with the presence of a second fraction of larger nanoparticles (7.5-17.0 nm) for Ir-NPs prepared with extracts obtained at higher temperatures (Ir-NP3 and Ir-NP4). Since the wastewater remediation of toxic organic contaminants on catalytic reduction has gained much attention, the application of the prepared Ir-NPs as catalysts towards the reduction of methylene blue (MB), chosen as the organic dye model, was evaluated. The efficient catalytic activity of Ir-NPs in the reduction of MB by NaBH
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-02
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2487261-1
ISSN	1996-1944
ISSN	1996-1944
DOI	10.3390/ma16052060
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Article: Predictors of Efficacy of Janus Kinase Inhibitors in Patients Affected by Ulcerative Colitis.

Cuccia, Giuseppe / Privitera, Giuseppe / Di Vincenzo, Federica / Monastero, Lucia / Parisio, Laura / Carbone, Luigi / Scaldaferri, Franco / Pugliese, Daniela

Journal of clinical medicine

2024 Volume 13, Issue 3

Abstract: Personalised medicine and the identification of predictors of the efficacy of specific drugs represent the ultimate goal for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) in order to break the current therapeutic ceiling. JAK inhibitors are a new class of ... ...

Abstract	Personalised medicine and the identification of predictors of the efficacy of specific drugs represent the ultimate goal for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) in order to break the current therapeutic ceiling. JAK inhibitors are a new class of advanced therapies, orally administered, showing a good profile of efficacy and safety in both randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and real-world studies. Unfortunately, to date, it is not possible to draw the ideal profile of a patient maximally benefiting from this class of drugs to guide clinicians' therapeutic choices. Baseline clinical activities and inflammatory biomarkers, as well as their early variation after treatment initiation, emerged as the main predictors of efficacy from post hoc analyses of RCTs with tofacitinib. Similar findings were also observed in the real-life studies including mainly patients with a history of pluri-refractoriness to biological therapies. At last, a few new biomarkers have been explored, even though they have not been validated in large cohorts. This paper provides a review of the current knowledge on clinical variables and biomarkers predicting response to JAK inhibitors in UC.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-29
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2662592-1
ISSN	2077-0383
ISSN	2077-0383
DOI	10.3390/jcm13030766
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Article ; Online: Clinical and radiological risk factors for poor outcomes in patients with spontaneous muscle hematomas.

Orsini, Federico / Mazzotta, Giorgio / Carbone, Luigi / Dell'Atti, Claudia / Del Ciello, Annemilia / Luigia Angeli, Maria / Larosa, Luigi / Petrucci, Martina / Iezzi, Roberto / Franceschi, Francesco / Covino, Marcello

European journal of radiology

2024 Volume 175, Page(s) 111480

Abstract: Purpose: Spontaneous muscle hematomas (SMH) are frequently seen in the Emergency Department (ED), particularly as a complication of anticoagulation treatments. To date, there are no standard guidelines for the management of this condition in the ED. ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: Spontaneous muscle hematomas (SMH) are frequently seen in the Emergency Department (ED), particularly as a complication of anticoagulation treatments. To date, there are no standard guidelines for the management of this condition in the ED. This work aims to identify clinical-radiological parameters of SMH at risk of poor outcomes. Method: This is a retrospective, observational cohort study conducted in an urban teaching hospital from 2016 to 2019. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify parameters independently associated with an adverse outcome defined as the need for treatment (blood products, TAE, surgery) or hospitalization. The parameters analyzed were hematoma size, anticoagulation therapy, age, and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). ROC analysis was performed to identify the best cut-off hematoma size value to predict poor outcomes. Results: Our study enrolled 231 patients aged between 18 and 96 years, with a mean age of 67 years. In our population, 125 patients (54.1 % %) were on anticoagulant therapy. Multivariate analysis showed that an SMH diameter > 5.5 cm was independently associated with poor outcome ((odds Ratio [95 % CI] 4,009 [1,786-9,001], p 0.001). Among clinical parameters, only advanced age was proved to be an independent predictor of adverse outcomes (odds Ratio [95 % CI] 1,035 [1,003-1,069], p = 0.033) CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that an SMH diameter greater than 5.5 cm on a CT scan and advanced age are predictors of poor outcomes. Surprisingly, anticoagulant therapy seems to play a minor role in the outcome of SMHs.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-24
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	138815-0
ISSN	1872-7727 ; 0720-048X
ISSN (online)	1872-7727
ISSN	0720-048X
DOI	10.1016/j.ejrad.2024.111480
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Article ; Online: Extended Lymphadenectomy for Gastric Cancer in the Neoadjuvant Era: Current Status, Clinical Implications and Contentious Issues.

Marano, Luigi / Carbone, Ludovico / Poto, Gianmario Edoardo / Restaino, Valeria / Piccioni, Stefania Angela / Verre, Luigi / Roviello, Franco / Marrelli, Daniele

Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.)

2023 Volume 30, Issue 1, Page(s) 875–896

Abstract: Despite its decreasing incidence, gastric cancer remains an important global healthcare problem due to its overall high prevalence and high mortality rate. Since the MAGIC and FNLCC/FFCD trials, the neoadjuvant chemotherapy has been recommended ... ...

Abstract	Despite its decreasing incidence, gastric cancer remains an important global healthcare problem due to its overall high prevalence and high mortality rate. Since the MAGIC and FNLCC/FFCD trials, the neoadjuvant chemotherapy has been recommended throughout Europe in gastric cancer. Potential benefits of preoperative treatments include a higher rate of R0 resection achieved by downstaging the primary tumor, a likely effect on micrometastases and isolated tumor cells in the lymph nodes, and, as a result, improved cancer-related survival. Nevertheless, distortion of anatomical planes of dissection, interstitial fibrosis, and sclerotic tissue changes may increase surgical difficulty. The collection of at least twenty-five lymph nodes after neoadjuvant therapy would seem to ensure removal of undetectable node metastasis and reduce the likelihood of locoregional recurrence. It is not what you take but what you leave behind that defines survival. Therefore, para-aortic lymph node dissection is safe and effective after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, in both therapeutic and prophylactic settings. In this review, the efficacy of adequate lymph node dissection, also in a neoadjuvant setting, has been investigated in the key studies conducted to date on the topic.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Stomach Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Stomach Neoplasms/surgery ; Stomach Neoplasms/pathology ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; Prognosis ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/surgery ; Lymph Node Excision
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-08
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1236972-x
ISSN	1718-7729 ; 1198-0052
ISSN (online)	1718-7729
ISSN	1198-0052
DOI	10.3390/curroncol30010067
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Article ; Online: The Emergency Surgery Frailty Index (EmSFI) in Elderly Patients with Acute Appendicitis: An External Validation of Prognostic Score.

Fusario, Daniele / Neri, Alessandro / Carbone, Ludovico / Resca, Luca / Marano, Luigi / Gassi, Giulia / Calomino, Natale / Verre, Luigi / Roviello, Franco / Marrelli, Daniele

World journal of surgery

2023 Volume 47, Issue 7, Page(s) 1713–1720

Abstract: Background: Identification of reliable risk-stratification tools is critical for surgical decision making, particularly in frail and elderly. The aim of the study is to validate the Emergency Surgery Frailty Index (EmSFI), in over 65 years old patients ... ...

Abstract	Background: Identification of reliable risk-stratification tools is critical for surgical decision making, particularly in frail and elderly. The aim of the study is to validate the Emergency Surgery Frailty Index (EmSFI), in over 65 years old patients operated on for acute appendicitis. Methods: An observational study was conducted enrolling elderly patients with diagnosis of acute appendicitis who underwent emergency appendicectomy or right colectomy, between 2016 and 2021. All patients were treated according to the last SIFIPAC/WSES/SICG/SIMEU guidelines. Results: Overall, 61 patients were analyzed. Complication rate was higher for patients in the second EmSFI risk Class. Moreover, ROC analyses identified 3 as the best cutoff value in predicting risk of adverse postoperative events. Complication rate was higher in oldest elderly patients-over 80 years-(42.9 vs 22.5%; p 0.05) and was mainly related to medical complications (42.9 vs 12.5%, p 0.007). However, intestinal obstruction, peri-appendicular abscess on preoperative CT, peritonitis and a longer duration of surgery are related with increased risk of complications in the group of patients under 80 years. Conclusion: The EmSFI score results a valid prognostic marker for frailty status, and it may support the surgeon in emergency setting for acute appendicitis. Patients aged 80 years or older have a higher risk of complications, independent from those factors which relate to increased morbidity in younger elderly patients. Age alone is not a reliable indicator of the real surgical risk, but it must encourage the adoption of multidisciplinary collaborative models of care for this group of patients.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Humans ; Appendicitis/complications ; Appendicitis/diagnosis ; Appendicitis/surgery ; Frailty/complications ; Frailty/diagnosis ; Prognosis ; Risk Factors ; Colectomy/adverse effects ; Acute Disease ; Postoperative Complications/epidemiology ; Postoperative Complications/etiology ; Postoperative Complications/surgery ; Frail Elderly
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Observational Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	224043-9
ISSN	1432-2323 ; 0364-2313
ISSN (online)	1432-2323
ISSN	0364-2313
DOI	10.1007/s00268-023-06975-w
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Article ; Online: KRAS-Dependency in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: Mechanisms of Escaping in Resistance to KRAS Inhibitors and Perspectives of Therapy.

Gurreri, Enrico / Genovese, Giannicola / Perelli, Luigi / Agostini, Antonio / Piro, Geny / Carbone, Carmine / Tortora, Giampaolo

International journal of molecular sciences

2023 Volume 24, Issue 11

Abstract: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is still one of the deadliest cancers in oncology because of its increasing incidence and poor survival rate. More than 90% of PDAC patients are KRAS mutated (KRASmu), with KRASG12D and KRASG12V being the most ... ...

Abstract	Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is still one of the deadliest cancers in oncology because of its increasing incidence and poor survival rate. More than 90% of PDAC patients are KRAS mutated (KRASmu), with KRASG12D and KRASG12V being the most common mutations. Despite this critical role, its characteristics have made direct targeting of the RAS protein extremely difficult. KRAS regulates development, cell growth, epigenetically dysregulated differentiation, and survival in PDAC through activation of key downstream pathways, such as MAPK-ERK and PI3K-AKT-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, in a KRAS-dependent manner. KRASmu induces the occurrence of acinar-to-ductal metaplasia (ADM) and pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) and leads to an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). In this context, the oncogenic mutation of KRAS induces an epigenetic program that leads to the initiation of PDAC. Several studies have identified multiple direct and indirect inhibitors of KRAS signaling. Therefore, KRAS dependency is so essential in KRASmu PDAC that cancer cells have secured several compensatory escape mechanisms to counteract the efficacy of KRAS inhibitors, such as activation of MEK/ERK signaling or YAP1 upregulation. This review will provide insights into KRAS dependency in PDAC and analyze recent data on inhibitors of KRAS signaling, focusing on how cancer cells establish compensatory escape mechanisms.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)/genetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)/metabolism ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/genetics ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/metabolism ; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/drug therapy ; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/genetics ; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/metabolism ; Tumor Microenvironment ; Pancreatic Neoplasms
Chemical Substances	Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) (EC 3.6.5.2) ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases (EC 2.7.1.-) ; KRAS protein, human
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-26
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms24119313
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Article ; Online: The role of ultrasound in the diagnosis and management of postpartum hemorrhage.

Mappa, Ilenia / Patrizi, Lodovico / Maruotti, Giuseppe Maria / Carbone, Luigi / D'Antonio, Francesco / Rizzo, Giuseppe

Journal of clinical ultrasound : JCU

2023 Volume 51, Issue 2, Page(s) 362–372

Abstract: Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is the leading cause of death or severe morbidity for the mother after delivery. As a consequence healthcare staff working in the delivery room should be trained to perform a prompt diagnosis and adequate management of PPH. ... ...

Abstract	Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is the leading cause of death or severe morbidity for the mother after delivery. As a consequence healthcare staff working in the delivery room should be trained to perform a prompt diagnosis and adequate management of PPH. Uneventful outcome is induced correct identification of the underlying cause of hemorrhage. Ultrasound is a promising technique for the prompt diagnosis of PPH etiology. Indeed, it is easily available, with relatively low cost, not using ionizing radiation, and can be used in different settings including the labor room, the operating theater and at the bedside of an affected women. In order to be effective Obstetricians should have an adequate knowledge of postpartum ultrasonography. In this article, we will review the sonographic findings occurring in PPH, in the differential diagnosis of the underlying cause of hemorrhage, that include retained placenta, morbidly adherent placenta, rupture of the uterus uterine, vascular anomalies of the uterine arteries and uterine inversion. We will also provide an algorithm to manage PPH according to the ultrasonographic findings.
MeSH term(s)	Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans ; Postpartum Hemorrhage/diagnostic imaging ; Postpartum Hemorrhage/therapy ; Postpartum Hemorrhage/etiology ; Uterine Balloon Tamponade/adverse effects ; Uterine Balloon Tamponade/methods ; Uterus/blood supply ; Ultrasonography/adverse effects ; Treatment Outcome
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	189393-2
ISSN	1097-0096 ; 0091-2751
ISSN (online)	1097-0096
ISSN	0091-2751
DOI	10.1002/jcu.23343
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Article ; Online: Pharmacogenomic Approach in Controlled Ovarian Stimulation: Time to Take the Plunge?

Conforti, Alessandro / Esteves, Sandro C / Iorio, Giuseppe Gabriele / Carbone, Luigi / Alviggi, Carlo

Gynecologic and obstetric investigation

2022 Volume 87, Issue 2, Page(s) 173–175

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Ovulation Induction ; Pharmacogenetics
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-29
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Letter ; Comment
ZDB-ID	800003-7
ISSN	1423-002X ; 0378-7346
ISSN (online)	1423-002X
ISSN	0378-7346
DOI	10.1159/000524265
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