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  1. Article ; Online: Can behavioral interventions be too salient? Evidence from traffic safety messages.

    Hall, Jonathan D / Madsen, Joshua M

    Science (New York, N.Y.)

    2022  Volume 376, Issue 6591, Page(s) eabm3427

    Abstract: Although behavioral interventions are designed to seize attention, little consideration has been given to the costs of doing so. We estimated these costs in the context of a safety campaign that, to encourage safe driving, displays traffic fatality ... ...

    Abstract Although behavioral interventions are designed to seize attention, little consideration has been given to the costs of doing so. We estimated these costs in the context of a safety campaign that, to encourage safe driving, displays traffic fatality counts on highway dynamic message signs for 1 week each month. We found that crashes increase statewide during campaign weeks, which is inconsistent with any benefits. Furthermore, these effects do not persist beyond campaign weeks. Our results show that behavioral interventions, particularly negatively framed ones, can be too salient, crowding out more important considerations and causing interventions to backfire-with costly consequences.
    MeSH term(s) Accidents, Traffic/prevention & control ; Attention ; Automobile Driving ; Humans ; Public Service Announcements as Topic ; Safety
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 128410-1
    ISSN 1095-9203 ; 0036-8075
    ISSN (online) 1095-9203
    ISSN 0036-8075
    DOI 10.1126/science.abm3427
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Laser ablation tomography (LATscan) as a new tool for anatomical studies of woody plants.

    Cunha Neto, Israel L / Hall, Benjamin T / Lanba, Asheesh R / Blosenski, Joshua D / Onyenedum, Joyce G

    The New phytologist

    2023  Volume 239, Issue 1, Page(s) 429–444

    Abstract: Traditionally, botanists study plant anatomy by carefully sectioning samples, histological staining to highlight tissues of interests, then imaging slides under light microscopy. This approach generates significant details; however, this workflow is ... ...

    Abstract Traditionally, botanists study plant anatomy by carefully sectioning samples, histological staining to highlight tissues of interests, then imaging slides under light microscopy. This approach generates significant details; however, this workflow is laborious, particularly in woody vines (lianas) with heterogeneous anatomies, and ultimately yields two-dimensional (2D) images. Laser ablation tomography (LATscan) is a high-throughput imaging system that yields hundreds of images per minute. This method has proven useful for studying the structure of delicate plant tissues; however, its utility in understanding the structure of woody tissues is underexplored. We report LATscan-derived anatomical data from several stems of lianas (c. 20 mm) of seven species and compare these results with those obtained through traditional anatomical techniques. LATscan successfully allows the description of tissue composition by differentiating cell type, size, and shape, but also permits the recognition of distinct cell wall composition (e.g. lignin, suberin, cellulose) based on differential fluorescent signals on unstained samples. LATscan generate high-quality 2D images and 3D reconstructions of woody plant samples; therefore, this new technology is useful for both qualitative and quantitative analyses. This high-throughput imaging technology has the potential to bolster phenotyping of vegetative and reproductive anatomy, wood anatomy, and other biological systems.
    MeSH term(s) Wood/metabolism ; Cellulose/metabolism ; Lignin/metabolism ; Plants/metabolism ; Tomography
    Chemical Substances Cellulose (9004-34-6) ; Lignin (9005-53-2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-23
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 208885-x
    ISSN 1469-8137 ; 0028-646X
    ISSN (online) 1469-8137
    ISSN 0028-646X
    DOI 10.1111/nph.18831
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Flexible growth and body mass predict physiological condition at fledging in the synchronously breeding European starling,

    Allen, Joshua M / Hodinka, Brett L / Hall, Hannah M / Leonard, Kathryn M / Williams, Tony D

    Royal Society open science

    2022  Volume 9, Issue 6, Page(s) 220583

    Abstract: Recent studies have reported beneficial carryover effects of juvenile development that predict interspecific survival differences at independence. Yet, traits relating to body size (i.e. morphological traits) have proven to be unreliable predictors of ... ...

    Abstract Recent studies have reported beneficial carryover effects of juvenile development that predict interspecific survival differences at independence. Yet, traits relating to body size (i.e. morphological traits) have proven to be unreliable predictors of juvenile survival within species. Exploring individual variation of growth trajectories and how they covary with physiology could reveal species-specific developmental modes which have implications for our assessments of juvenile quality. Here, we investigated morphological development of European starlings (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2787755-3
    ISSN 2054-5703
    ISSN 2054-5703
    DOI 10.1098/rsos.220583
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Reactive oxygen species-mediated immunity against bacterial infection in the gut of cat fleas (Ctenocephalides felis).

    Brown, Lisa D / Maness, Ryne / Hall, Clark / Gibson, Joshua D

    Insect biochemistry and molecular biology

    2021  Volume 136, Page(s) 103620

    Abstract: Fleas (Order Siphonaptera) transmit numerous bacterial pathogens that cause severe human diseases (e.g., cat scratch disease, flea-borne spotted fever, murine typhus, plague). Because initial entry of these infectious agents occurs while blood feeding, ... ...

    Abstract Fleas (Order Siphonaptera) transmit numerous bacterial pathogens that cause severe human diseases (e.g., cat scratch disease, flea-borne spotted fever, murine typhus, plague). Because initial entry of these infectious agents occurs while blood feeding, the immune response in the flea gut is considered to be the first line of defense against invading microbes. However, relatively few studies have identified the flea immune molecules that effectively resist or limit infection in the gut. In other hematophagous insects, an immediate immune response to imbibed pathogens is the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, we utilized cat fleas (Ctenocephalides felis) to investigate whether oral infection with a well-known insect bacterial pathogen (Serratia marcescens) induces ROS synthesis in the flea gut, and whether production of ROS provides a defense mechanism against microbial colonization. Specifically, we treated fleas with an antioxidant to limit the number of free radicals in the digestive tract prior to infection, and then measured the following: S. marcescens infection loads, hydrogen peroxide (ROS) levels, and mRNA abundance of ROS signaling pathway genes. Overall, our data shows that ROS levels increase in response to infection in the flea gut, and that this increase helps to strengthen the flea immune response through the microbicidal activity of ROS.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1483248-3
    ISSN 1879-0240 ; 0965-1748
    ISSN (online) 1879-0240
    ISSN 0965-1748
    DOI 10.1016/j.ibmb.2021.103620
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Selective DRD2 antagonist and ClpP agonist ONC201 in a recurrent non-midline H3 K27M-mutant glioma cohort.

    Odia, Yazmin / Hall, Matthew D / Cloughesy, Timothy Francis / Wen, Patrick Y / Arrillaga-Romany, Isabel / Daghistani, Doured / Mehta, Minesh P / Tarapore, Rohinton S / Ramage, Samuel C / Allen, Joshua E

    Neuro-oncology

    2024  Volume 26, Issue Supplement_2, Page(s) S165–S172

    Abstract: Background: Diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27-altered (H3 K27M-altered DMG) are invariably lethal, disproportionately affecting the young and without effective treatment besides radiotherapy. The 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) Central Nervous System ( ...

    Abstract Background: Diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27-altered (H3 K27M-altered DMG) are invariably lethal, disproportionately affecting the young and without effective treatment besides radiotherapy. The 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) Central Nervous System (CNS) Tumors Classification defined H3 K27M mutations as pathognomonic but restricted diagnosis to diffuse gliomas involving midline structures by 2018. Dordaviprone (ONC201) is an oral investigational small molecule, DRD2 antagonist, and ClpP agonist associated with durable responses in recurrent H3 K27M-mutant DMG. Activity of ONC201 in non-midline H3 K27M-mutant diffuse gliomas has not been reported.
    Methods: Patients with recurrent non-midline H3 K27M-mutant diffuse gliomas treated with ONC201 were enrolled in 5 trials. Eligibility included measurable disease by Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) high-grade glioma, Karnofsky/Lansky performance score ≥60, and ≥90 days from radiation. The primary endpoint was overall response rate (ORR).
    Results: Five patients with cerebral gliomas (3 frontal, 1 temporal, and 1 parietal) met inclusion. One complete and one partial response were reported by investigators. Blinded independent central review confirmed ORR by RANO criteria for 2, however, 1 deemed nonmeasurable and another stable. A responding patient also noted improved mobility and alertness.
    Conclusions: H3 K27M-mutant diffuse gliomas occasionally occur in non-midline cerebrum. ONC201 exhibits activity in H3 K27M-mutant gliomas irrespective of CNS location.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Glioma/genetics ; Glioma/drug therapy ; Glioma/pathology ; Male ; Female ; Brain Neoplasms/genetics ; Brain Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Brain Neoplasms/pathology ; Receptors, Dopamine D2/genetics ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/drug therapy ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/genetics ; Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists/therapeutic use ; Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists/pharmacology ; Pyrimidines/therapeutic use ; Prognosis ; Young Adult ; Follow-Up Studies ; Cohort Studies ; Dopamine Agonists/therapeutic use ; Pyridines/therapeutic use ; Pyridines/pharmacology ; Imidazoles
    Chemical Substances Receptors, Dopamine D2 ; DRD2 protein, human ; TIC10 compound (9U35A31JAI) ; Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists ; Pyrimidines ; Dopamine Agonists ; Pyridines ; Imidazoles
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-20
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2028601-6
    ISSN 1523-5866 ; 1522-8517
    ISSN (online) 1523-5866
    ISSN 1522-8517
    DOI 10.1093/neuonc/noae021
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  6. Article ; Online: Natural nest substrates influence squamate embryo physiology but have little effect on hatchling phenotypes.

    Hall, Joshua M / Miracle, Jocelyn / Scruggs, Cindy D / Warner, Daniel A

    Integrative zoology

    2021  Volume 17, Issue 4, Page(s) 550–566

    Abstract: Vertebrate embryos require access to water; however, many species nest in terrestrial habitats that vary considerably in moisture content. Oviparous, non-avian reptiles have served as models to understand how environmental factors, like moisture ... ...

    Abstract Vertebrate embryos require access to water; however, many species nest in terrestrial habitats that vary considerably in moisture content. Oviparous, non-avian reptiles have served as models to understand how environmental factors, like moisture availability, influence development because eggs are often exposed to prevailing environments in the absence of parental care. Though much research demonstrates the importance of water absorption by eggs, many ecological factors that influence moisture availability in natural nests have received little attention. For example, the type of substrate in which nests are constructed is understudied. We experimentally incubated eggs of the brown anole lizard (Anolis sagrei) in 2 naturally occurring nest substrates that were treated with varying amounts of water to determine how natural substrates influence development at different moisture concentrations. One substrate consisted of sand and crushed seashells and the other was mostly organic material (i.e. decayed plant material). Both are common nesting substrates at our field site. When controlling for water uptake by eggs, we found that egg survival and hatchling phenotypes were similar between substrates; however, embryos developed more quickly in the sand/shell substrate than the organic substrate, indicating substrate-specific effects on embryo physiology. These results demonstrate that different natural substrates can result in similar developmental outcomes if the water available to eggs is comparable; however, some aspects of development, like developmental rate, are affected by the type of substrate, independent of water availability. Further study is required to determine how natural substrates influence embryo physiology independent of water content.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Ecosystem ; Lizards/physiology ; Nesting Behavior/physiology ; Phenotype ; Sand ; Water/physiology
    Chemical Substances Sand ; Water (059QF0KO0R)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-09
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2570656-1
    ISSN 1749-4877 ; 1749-4869
    ISSN (online) 1749-4877
    ISSN 1749-4869
    DOI 10.1111/1749-4877.12553
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  7. Article ; Online: Phage Therapy for Diabetic Foot Infection: A Case Series.

    Young, Matthew J / Hall, Lesley M L / Merabishvilli, Maya / Pirnay, Jean-Paul / Clark, Jason R / Jones, Joshua D

    Clinical therapeutics

    2023  Volume 45, Issue 8, Page(s) 797–801

    Abstract: Purpose: Infected diabetic foot ulcers can be difficult to treat and, despite appropriate antibiotic therapy, some diabetic foot infections (DFIs) require amputation. Bacteriophages (phages) are viruses that infect and kill bacteria. Phage therapy has ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Infected diabetic foot ulcers can be difficult to treat and, despite appropriate antibiotic therapy, some diabetic foot infections (DFIs) require amputation. Bacteriophages (phages) are viruses that infect and kill bacteria. Phage therapy has been repeatedly used to successfully treat DFIs and other chronic wounds.
    Methods: This article reports the provision of topical adjunctive anti-staphylococcal phage therapy to 10 patients with DFI at high risk of amputation at two UK hospitals as part of clinical care; tolerability and efficacy were clinically assessed.
    Findings: The opinion of the experienced clinical teams caring for these patients was that 9 of the 10 patients appeared to benefit from adjunctive phage therapy. No adverse effects were reported by clinicians or patients. In 6 of 10 patients the clinical impression was that phage therapy facilitated clinical resolution of infection and limb salvage. Resolution of soft tissue infection was observed in a 7th patient but unresolved osteomyelitis required amputation. An 8th patient demonstrated eradication of Staphylococcus aureus from a polymicrobial infection and a 9th showed signs of clinical improvement before early cessation of phage therapy due to an unrelated event. One patient, with a weakly susceptible S aureus isolate, had no significant response.
    Implications: This report describes the largest application of phage therapy in the United Kingdom to date and the first application of phage therapy for DFI in the United Kingdom and offers subjective hints toward impressive tolerability and efficacy. Phage therapy has the potential to transform the prevention and treatment of DFIs.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Diabetic Foot/therapy ; Phage Therapy ; Communicable Diseases/drug therapy ; Staphylococcal Infections/drug therapy ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Diabetes Mellitus/drug therapy
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 603113-4
    ISSN 1879-114X ; 0149-2918
    ISSN (online) 1879-114X
    ISSN 0149-2918
    DOI 10.1016/j.clinthera.2023.06.009
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  8. Article ; Online: Coworkers Behaving Badly: How the Dark Triad Influences Responses to Witnessing Workplace Misconduct.

    Hall, Braden T / Lambert, Joshua T / Wahlers, Danielle / Hart, William

    Psychological reports

    2024  , Page(s) 332941241234594

    Abstract: The "bad-begets-bad" phenomenon describes how witnessed or perceived misconduct in an organization promotes mental states and behavior that encourage further misconduct. Based in two perspectives on how the Dark Triad (DT) constructs (narcissism, ... ...

    Abstract The "bad-begets-bad" phenomenon describes how witnessed or perceived misconduct in an organization promotes mental states and behavior that encourage further misconduct. Based in two perspectives on how the Dark Triad (DT) constructs (narcissism, Machiavellianism, psychopathy) differentiate, we proposed their roles in contributing to the bad-begets-bad phenomenon. A convenience sample of college students (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 205658-6
    ISSN 1558-691X ; 0033-2941
    ISSN (online) 1558-691X
    ISSN 0033-2941
    DOI 10.1177/00332941241234594
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  9. Article ; Online: Laser ablation tomography (LATscan) as a new tool for anatomical studies of woody plants

    Cunha Neto, Israel L. / Hall, Benjamin T. / Lanba, Asheesh R. / Blosenski, Joshua D. / Onyenedum, Joyce G.

    New Phytologist. 2023 July, v. 239, no. 1 p.429-444

    2023  

    Abstract: Traditionally, botanists study plant anatomy by carefully sectioning samples, histological staining to highlight tissues of interests, then imaging slides under light microscopy. This approach generates significant details; however, this workflow is ... ...

    Abstract Traditionally, botanists study plant anatomy by carefully sectioning samples, histological staining to highlight tissues of interests, then imaging slides under light microscopy. This approach generates significant details; however, this workflow is laborious, particularly in woody vines (lianas) with heterogeneous anatomies, and ultimately yields two‐dimensional (2D) images. Laser ablation tomography (LATscan) is a high‐throughput imaging system that yields hundreds of images per minute. This method has proven useful for studying the structure of delicate plant tissues; however, its utility in understanding the structure of woody tissues is underexplored. We report LATscan‐derived anatomical data from several stems of lianas (c. 20 mm) of seven species and compare these results with those obtained through traditional anatomical techniques. LATscan successfully allows the description of tissue composition by differentiating cell type, size, and shape, but also permits the recognition of distinct cell wall composition (e.g. lignin, suberin, cellulose) based on differential fluorescent signals on unstained samples. LATscan generate high‐quality 2D images and 3D reconstructions of woody plant samples; therefore, this new technology is useful for both qualitative and quantitative analyses. This high‐throughput imaging technology has the potential to bolster phenotyping of vegetative and reproductive anatomy, wood anatomy, and other biological systems.
    Keywords cell wall components ; cellulose ; fluorescence ; histology ; light microscopy ; lignin ; phenotype ; suberin ; technology ; tomography ; wood anatomy ; woody plants
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-07
    Size p. 429-444.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 208885-x
    ISSN 1469-8137 ; 0028-646X
    ISSN (online) 1469-8137
    ISSN 0028-646X
    DOI 10.1111/nph.18831
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  10. Article ; Online: Utilization trends in cerebrospinal fluid shunt infection prevention techniques in the United States from 2007 to 2015.

    Podkovik, Stacey / Zhou, Chuan / Coffin, Susan E / Hall, Matthew / Hauptman, Jason S / Kronman, Matthew P / Mangano, Francesco T / Pollack, Ian F / Sedano, Sabrina / Schaffzin, Joshua K / Thorell, Emily / Warf, Benjamin C / Whitlock, Kathryn B / Simon, Tamara D

    Journal of neurosurgery. Pediatrics

    2024  Volume 33, Issue 4, Page(s) 349–358

    Abstract: Objective: The objective of this study was to describe trends in the utilization of infection prevention techniques (standard care, intrathecal [IT] antibiotics, antibiotic-impregnated catheters [AICs], and combination of IT antibiotics and AICs) among ... ...

    Abstract Objective: The objective of this study was to describe trends in the utilization of infection prevention techniques (standard care, intrathecal [IT] antibiotics, antibiotic-impregnated catheters [AICs], and combination of IT antibiotics and AICs) among participating hospitals over time.
    Methods: This retrospective cohort study at six large children's hospitals between 2007 and 2015 included children ≤ 18 years of age who underwent initial shunt placement between 2007 and 2012. Pediatric Health Information System + (PHIS+) data were augmented with chart review data for all shunt surgeries that occurred prior to the first shunt infection. The Pearson chi-square test was used to test for differences in outcomes.
    Results: In total, 1723 eligible children had initial shunt placement between 2007 and 2012, with 3094 shunt surgeries through 2015. Differences were noted between hospitals in gestational age, etiology of hydrocephalus, and race and ethnicity, but not sex, weight at surgery, and previous surgeries. Utilization of infection prevention techniques varied across participating hospitals. Hydrocephalus Clinical Research Network hospitals used more IT antibiotics in 2007-2011; after 2012, increasing adoption of AICs was observed in most hospitals.
    Conclusions: A consistent trend of decreasing IT antibiotic use and increased AIC utilization was observed after 2012, except for hospital B, which consistently used AICs.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Humans ; United States/epidemiology ; Infant ; Retrospective Studies ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts/adverse effects ; Catheters ; Hydrocephalus/surgery ; Hydrocephalus/drug therapy
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2403985-8
    ISSN 1933-0715 ; 1933-0707
    ISSN (online) 1933-0715
    ISSN 1933-0707
    DOI 10.3171/2023.11.PEDS2337
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