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  1. Article ; Online: Intensifying poultry production systems and the emergence of avian influenza in China

    Gilbert, Marius / Xiao, Xiangming / Robinson, Timothy P.

    Archives of Public Health

    a ‘One Health/Ecohealth’ epitome

    2023  

    Keywords health ; production ; poultry ; production systems ; systems ; emergence ; avian influenza ; one health ; china
    Publishing date 2023-03-10T14:38:46Z
    Publisher Springer
    Publishing country fr
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Global trends in antimicrobial use in food-producing animals: 2020 to 2030.

    Mulchandani, Ranya / Wang, Yu / Gilbert, Marius / Van Boeckel, Thomas P

    PLOS global public health

    2023  Volume 3, Issue 2, Page(s) e0001305

    Abstract: Use of antimicrobials in farming has enabled the growth of intensive animal production and helped in meeting the global increase in demand for animal protein. However, the widespread use of veterinary antimicrobials drives antimicrobial resistance, with ... ...

    Abstract Use of antimicrobials in farming has enabled the growth of intensive animal production and helped in meeting the global increase in demand for animal protein. However, the widespread use of veterinary antimicrobials drives antimicrobial resistance, with important consequences for animal health, and potentially human health. Global monitoring of antimicrobial use is essential: first, to track progress in reducing the reliance of farming on antimicrobials. Second, to identify countries where antimicrobial-stewardship efforts should be targeted to curb antimicrobial resistance. Data on usage of antimicrobials in food animals were collected from 42 countries. Multivariate regression models were used in combination with projections of animal counts for cattle, sheep, chicken, and pigs from the Food and Agriculture Organization to estimate global antimicrobial usage of veterinary antimicrobials in 2020 and 2030. Maps of animal densities were used to identify geographic hotspots of antimicrobial use. In each country, estimates of antimicrobial use (tonnes) were calibrated to match continental-level reports of antimicrobial use intensity (milligrams per kilogram of animal) from the World Organization for Animal Health, as well as country-level reports of antimicrobial use from countries that made this information publicly available. Globally, antimicrobial usage was estimated at 99,502 tonnes (95% CI 68,535-198,052) in 2020 and is projected, based on current trends, to increase by 8.0% to 107,472 tonnes (95% CI: 75,927-202,661) by 2030. Hotspots of antimicrobial use were overwhelmingly in Asia (67%), while <1% were in Africa. Findings indicate higher global antimicrobial usage in 2030 compared to prior projections that used data from 2017; this is likely associated with an upward revision of antimicrobial use in Asia/Oceania (~6,000 tonnes) and the Americas (~4,000 tonnes). National-level reporting of antimicrobial use should be encouraged to better evaluate the impact of national policies on antimicrobial use levels.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2767-3375
    ISSN (online) 2767-3375
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pgph.0001305
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Chromosomal inversions can limit adaptation to new environments.

    Roesti, Marius / Gilbert, Kimberly J / Samuk, Kieran

    Molecular ecology

    2022  Volume 31, Issue 17, Page(s) 4435–4439

    Abstract: Chromosomal inversions are often thought to facilitate local adaptation and population divergence because they can link multiple adaptive alleles into non-recombining genomic blocks. Selection should thus be more efficient in driving inversion-linked ... ...

    Abstract Chromosomal inversions are often thought to facilitate local adaptation and population divergence because they can link multiple adaptive alleles into non-recombining genomic blocks. Selection should thus be more efficient in driving inversion-linked adaptive alleles to high frequency in a population, particularly in the face of maladaptive gene flow. But what if ecological conditions and hence selection on inversion-linked alleles change? Reduced recombination within inversions could then constrain the formation of optimal combinations of pre-existing alleles under these new ecological conditions. Here, we outline this idea of inversions limiting adaptation and divergence when ecological conditions change across time or space. We reason and use simulations to illustrate that the benefit of inversions for local adaptation and divergence under one set of ecological conditions can come with a concomitant constraint for adaptation to novel sets of ecological conditions. This limitation of inversions to adaptation may contribute to the maintenance of polymorphism within species.
    MeSH term(s) Acclimatization ; Adaptation, Physiological/genetics ; Alleles ; Chromosome Inversion/genetics ; Humans ; Polymorphism, Genetic
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-26
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1126687-9
    ISSN 1365-294X ; 0962-1083
    ISSN (online) 1365-294X
    ISSN 0962-1083
    DOI 10.1111/mec.16609
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

    Z 2005/723: Show issues

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  4. Article ; Online: Global trends in antimicrobial use in food-producing animals

    Ranya Mulchandani / Yu Wang / Marius Gilbert / Thomas P Van Boeckel

    PLOS Global Public Health, Vol 3, Iss 2, p e

    2020 to 2030.

    2023  Volume 0001305

    Abstract: Use of antimicrobials in farming has enabled the growth of intensive animal production and helped in meeting the global increase in demand for animal protein. However, the widespread use of veterinary antimicrobials drives antimicrobial resistance, with ... ...

    Abstract Use of antimicrobials in farming has enabled the growth of intensive animal production and helped in meeting the global increase in demand for animal protein. However, the widespread use of veterinary antimicrobials drives antimicrobial resistance, with important consequences for animal health, and potentially human health. Global monitoring of antimicrobial use is essential: first, to track progress in reducing the reliance of farming on antimicrobials. Second, to identify countries where antimicrobial-stewardship efforts should be targeted to curb antimicrobial resistance. Data on usage of antimicrobials in food animals were collected from 42 countries. Multivariate regression models were used in combination with projections of animal counts for cattle, sheep, chicken, and pigs from the Food and Agriculture Organization to estimate global antimicrobial usage of veterinary antimicrobials in 2020 and 2030. Maps of animal densities were used to identify geographic hotspots of antimicrobial use. In each country, estimates of antimicrobial use (tonnes) were calibrated to match continental-level reports of antimicrobial use intensity (milligrams per kilogram of animal) from the World Organization for Animal Health, as well as country-level reports of antimicrobial use from countries that made this information publicly available. Globally, antimicrobial usage was estimated at 99,502 tonnes (95% CI 68,535-198,052) in 2020 and is projected, based on current trends, to increase by 8.0% to 107,472 tonnes (95% CI: 75,927-202,661) by 2030. Hotspots of antimicrobial use were overwhelmingly in Asia (67%), while <1% were in Africa. Findings indicate higher global antimicrobial usage in 2030 compared to prior projections that used data from 2017; this is likely associated with an upward revision of antimicrobial use in Asia/Oceania (~6,000 tonnes) and the Americas (~4,000 tonnes). National-level reporting of antimicrobial use should be encouraged to better evaluate the impact of national policies on antimicrobial use levels.
    Keywords Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article: On the timing of interventions to preserve hospital capacity: lessons to be learned from the Belgian SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in 2020.

    Faes, Christel / Hens, Niel / Gilbert, Marius

    Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique

    2021  Volume 79, Issue 1, Page(s) 164

    Abstract: Using publicly available data on the number of new hospitalisations we use a newly developed statistical model to produce a phase portrait to monitor the epidemic allowing for assessing whether or not intervention measures are needed to keep hospital ... ...

    Abstract Using publicly available data on the number of new hospitalisations we use a newly developed statistical model to produce a phase portrait to monitor the epidemic allowing for assessing whether or not intervention measures are needed to keep hospital capacity under control. The phase portrait is called a cliquets' diagram, referring to the discrete alarm phases it points to. Using this cliquets' diagram we show that intervention measures were associated with an effective mitigation of a Summer resurgence but that too little too late was done to prevent a large autumn wave in Belgium.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-13
    Publishing country England
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 1117688-x
    ISSN 2049-3258 ; 0778-7367 ; 0003-9578
    ISSN (online) 2049-3258
    ISSN 0778-7367 ; 0003-9578
    DOI 10.1186/s13690-021-00685-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 147: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  6. Article ; Online: On the timing of interventions to preserve hospital capacity

    Christel Faes / Niel Hens / Marius Gilbert

    Archives of Public Health, Vol 79, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    lessons to be learned from the Belgian SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in 2020

    2021  Volume 5

    Abstract: Abstract Using publicly available data on the number of new hospitalisations we use a newly developed statistical model to produce a phase portrait to monitor the epidemic allowing for assessing whether or not intervention measures are needed to keep ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Using publicly available data on the number of new hospitalisations we use a newly developed statistical model to produce a phase portrait to monitor the epidemic allowing for assessing whether or not intervention measures are needed to keep hospital capacity under control. The phase portrait is called a cliquets’ diagram, referring to the discrete alarm phases it points to. Using this cliquets’ diagram we show that intervention measures were associated with an effective mitigation of a Summer resurgence but that too little too late was done to prevent a large autumn wave in Belgium.
    Keywords SARS-CoV-2 ; Hospital load ; Interventions ; Phase diagram ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMC
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Using Random Forest to Improve the Downscaling of Global Livestock Census Data

    Nicolas, Gaëlle / Robinson, Timothy P. / Wint, G.R. William / Conchedda, Giulia / Cinardi, Giuseppina / Gilbert, Marius

    PLOS ONE

    2023  

    Keywords livestock ; data
    Publishing date 2023-03-10T14:33:33Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science
    Publishing country fr
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: Mapping 20 Years of Urban Expansion in 45 Urban Areas of Sub-Saharan Africa

    Yann Forget / Michal Shimoni / Marius Gilbert / Catherine Linard

    Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 3, p

    2021  Volume 525

    Abstract: By 2050, half of the net increase in the world’s population is expected to reside in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), driving high urbanization rates and drastic land cover changes. However, the data-scarce environment of SSA limits our understanding of the ... ...

    Abstract By 2050, half of the net increase in the world’s population is expected to reside in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), driving high urbanization rates and drastic land cover changes. However, the data-scarce environment of SSA limits our understanding of the urban dynamics in the region. In this context, Earth Observation (EO) is an opportunity to gather accurate and up-to-date spatial information on urban extents. During the last decade, the adoption of open-access policies by major EO programs (CBERS, Landsat, Sentinel) has allowed the production of several global high resolution (10–30 m) maps of human settlements. However, mapping accuracies in SSA are usually lower, limited by the lack of reference datasets to support the training and the validation of the classification models. Here we propose a mapping approach based on multi-sensor satellite imagery (Landsat, Sentinel-1, Envisat, ERS) and volunteered geographic information (OpenStreetMap) to solve the challenges of urban remote sensing in SSA. The proposed mapping approach is assessed in 17 case studies for an average F1-score of 0.93, and applied in 45 urban areas of SSA to produce a dataset of urban expansion from 1995 to 2015. Across the case studies, built-up areas averaged a compound annual growth rate of 5.5% between 1995 and 2015. The comparison with local population dynamics reveals the heterogeneity of urban dynamics in SSA. Overall, population densities in built-up areas are decreasing. However, the impact of population growth on urban expansion differs depending on the size of the urban area and its income class.
    Keywords urbanization ; sub-Saharan africa ; urban remote sensing ; landsat ; sentinel ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 710
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article: Accommodating sampling location uncertainty in continuous phylogeography.

    Dellicour, Simon / Lemey, Philippe / Suchard, Marc A / Gilbert, Marius / Baele, Guy

    Virus evolution

    2022  Volume 8, Issue 1, Page(s) veac041

    Abstract: Phylogeographic inference of the dispersal history of viral lineages offers key opportunities to tackle epidemiological questions about the spread of fast-evolving pathogens across human, animal and plant populations. In continuous space, i.e. when ... ...

    Abstract Phylogeographic inference of the dispersal history of viral lineages offers key opportunities to tackle epidemiological questions about the spread of fast-evolving pathogens across human, animal and plant populations. In continuous space, i.e. when locations are specified by longitude and latitude, these reconstructions are however often limited by the availability or accessibility of precise sampling locations required for such spatially explicit analyses. We here review the different approaches that can be considered when genomic sequences are associated with a geographic area of sampling instead of precise coordinates. In particular, we describe and compare the approaches to define homogeneous and heterogeneous prior ranges of sampling coordinates.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-18
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2818949-8
    ISSN 2057-1577
    ISSN 2057-1577
    DOI 10.1093/ve/veac041
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Current characteristics of animal rabies cases in Thailand and relevant risk factors identified by a spatial modeling approach.

    Thanapongtharm, Weerapong / Suwanpakdee, Sarin / Chumkaeo, Arun / Gilbert, Marius / Wiratsudakul, Anuwat

    PLoS neglected tropical diseases

    2021  Volume 15, Issue 12, Page(s) e0009980

    Abstract: The situation of human rabies in Thailand has gradually declined over the past four decades. However, the number of animal rabies cases has slightly increased in the last ten years. This study thus aimed to describe the characteristics of animal rabies ... ...

    Abstract The situation of human rabies in Thailand has gradually declined over the past four decades. However, the number of animal rabies cases has slightly increased in the last ten years. This study thus aimed to describe the characteristics of animal rabies between 2017 and 2018 in Thailand in which the prevalence was fairly high and to quantify the association between monthly rabies occurrences and explainable variables using the generalized additive models (GAMs) to predict the spatial risk areas for rabies spread. Our results indicate that the majority of animals affected by rabies in Thailand are dogs. Most of the affected dogs were owned, free or semi-free roaming, and unvaccinated. Clusters of rabies were highly distributed in the northeast, followed by the central and the south of the country. Temporally, the number of cases gradually increased after June and reached a peak in January. Based on our spatial models, human and cattle population density as well as the spatio-temporal history of rabies occurrences, and the distances from the cases to the secondary roads and country borders are identified as the risk factors. Our predictive maps are applicable for strengthening the surveillance system in high-risk areas. Nevertheless, the identified risk factors should be rigorously considered and integrated into the strategic plans for the prevention and control of animal rabies in Thailand.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Dog Diseases/epidemiology ; Dog Diseases/prevention & control ; Dog Diseases/virology ; Dogs ; Models, Statistical ; Rabies/epidemiology ; Rabies/prevention & control ; Rabies/veterinary ; Rabies Vaccines/administration & dosage ; Rabies Vaccines/immunology ; Risk Factors ; Spatial Analysis ; Thailand/epidemiology
    Chemical Substances Rabies Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2429704-5
    ISSN 1935-2735 ; 1935-2735
    ISSN (online) 1935-2735
    ISSN 1935-2735
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009980
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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