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Article ; Online: Rapid antigen testing and non-infectious shedding of SARS-Cov2.

Weiss, Günter / Bellmann-Weiler, Rosa

2021 Volume 49, Issue 4, Page(s) 789–790

MeSH term(s)	COVID-19 ; Humans ; RNA, Viral ; SARS-CoV-2
Chemical Substances	RNA, Viral
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-02
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Letter ; Comment
ZDB-ID	185104-4
ISSN	1439-0973 ; 0300-8126 ; 0173-2129
ISSN (online)	1439-0973
ISSN	0300-8126 ; 0173-2129
DOI	10.1007/s15010-020-01570-w
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Article ; Online: Correction: ColdZyme® protects airway epithelia from infection with BA.4/5.

Zaderer, Viktoria / Dichtl, Stefanie / Bellmann-Weiler, Rosa / Lass-Flörl, Cornelia / Posch, Wilfried / Wilflingseder, Doris

Respiratory research

2023 Volume 24, Issue 1, Page(s) 27

Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	Published Erratum
ZDB-ID	2041675-1
ISSN	1465-993X ; 1465-993X
ISSN (online)	1465-993X
ISSN	1465-993X
DOI	10.1186/s12931-023-02326-4
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Article ; Online: P80 natural essence spray and lozenges provide respiratory protection against Influenza A, B, and SARS-CoV-2.

Zaderer, Viktoria / Diem, Gabriel / Posch, Wilfried / Jakschitz, Thomas / Bonn, Günther K / Bellmann-Weiler, Rosa / Huber, Lukas A / Wilflingseder, Doris

Respiratory research

2024 Volume 25, Issue 1, Page(s) 102

Abstract: Seasonally circulating viruses, such as Influenza, as well as newly emerging viruses and variants thereof, and waning immunity urge the need for safe, easy-to-use and inexpensive drugs to protect from these challenges. To prevent transmission of these ... ...

Abstract	Seasonally circulating viruses, such as Influenza, as well as newly emerging viruses and variants thereof, and waning immunity urge the need for safe, easy-to-use and inexpensive drugs to protect from these challenges. To prevent transmission of these viruses and subsequent excessive inflammatory reactions on mucous membranes, we tested the efficacy of the natural essence P80 as spray and in form of lozenges against respiratory infections caused by SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VoCs), influenza A (H3N2) and influenza B (Victoria). P80 natural essence, a Dimocarpus longan extract, shielded highly differentiated human airway epithelia from SARS-CoV-2 wildtype and Omicron variant as well as Influenza A and B infection and dampened inflammation by down-modulating pro-inflammatory cytokine and anaphylatoxin secretion. A single application of P80 natural essence spray maintained tissue integrity long-term. This also significantly reduced the release of infectious viral particles and the secretion of IP10, MCP1, RANTES and C3a, all of which mediate the migration of immune cells to the sites of infection. Even P80 lozenges dissolved in distilled water or non-neutralizing saliva efficiently prevented SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza-induced tissue destruction. Consequently, our in vitro data suggest that P80 natural essence can act as antiviral prophylactic, both in form of nasal or oral spray and in form of lozenges, independent of circulating respiratory challenges.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Influenza, Human/prevention & control ; Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; Inflammation
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2041675-1
ISSN	1465-993X ; 1465-993X
ISSN (online)	1465-993X
ISSN	1465-993X
DOI	10.1186/s12931-024-02718-0
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Article: Coronavirus Disease 2019: Clinics, Treatment, and Prevention.

Burkert, Francesco Robert / Lanser, Lukas / Bellmann-Weiler, Rosa / Weiss, Günter

Frontiers in microbiology

2021 Volume 12, Page(s) 761887

Abstract: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), emerged at the end of 2019 in China and affected the entire world population, either by infection and its health ... ...

Abstract	The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), emerged at the end of 2019 in China and affected the entire world population, either by infection and its health consequences, or by restrictions in daily life as a consequence of hygiene measures and containment strategies. As of September 2021, more than 231,000.000 infections and 4,740.000 deaths due to COVID-19 have been reported. The infections present with varied clinical symptoms and severity, ranging from asymptomatic course to fatal outcome. Several risk factors for a severe course of the disease have been identified, the most important being age, gender, comorbidities, lifestyle, and genetics. While most patients recover within several weeks, some report persistent symptoms restricting their daily lives and activities, termed as post-COVID. Over the past 18months, we have acquired significant knowledge as reflected by an almost uncountable number of publications on the nature of the underlying virus and its evolution, host responses to infection, modes of transmission, and different clinical presentations of the disease. Along this line, new diagnostic tests and algorithms have been developed paralleled by the search for and clinical evaluation of specific treatments for the different stages of the disease. In addition, preventive non-pharmacological measures have been implemented to control the spread of infection in the community. While an effective antiviral therapy is not yet available, numerous vaccines including novel vaccine technologies have been developed, which show high protection from infection and specifically from a severe course or death from COVID-19. In this review, we tried to provide an up-to-date schematic of COVID-19, including aspects of epidemiology, virology, clinical presentation, diagnostics, therapy, and prevention.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-11
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2587354-4
ISSN	1664-302X
ISSN	1664-302X
DOI	10.3389/fmicb.2021.761887
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Article: Markers of Infection-Mediated Cardiac Damage in Influenza and COVID-19.

Burkert, Francesco Robert / Lanser, Lukas / Pizzini, Alex / Bellmann-Weiler, Rosa / Weiss, Günter

Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)

2022 Volume 11, Issue 10

Abstract: Introduction: Influenza and the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are two potentially severe viral infections causing significant morbidity and mortality. The causative viruses, influenza A/B and the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ( ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Influenza and the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are two potentially severe viral infections causing significant morbidity and mortality. The causative viruses, influenza A/B and the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) can cause both pulmonary and extra-pulmonary disease, including cardiovascular involvement. The objective of this study was to determine the levels of cardiac biomarkers in hospitalized patients infected with influenza or COVID-19 and their correlation with secondary outcomes. Methods: We performed a retrospective comparative analysis of cardiac biomarkers in patients hospitalized at our department with influenza or COVID-19 by measuring high-sensitivity troponin-T (hs-TnT) and creatinine kinase (CK) in plasma. Secondary outcomes were intensive care unit (ICU) admission and all-cause in-hospital mortality. Results: We analyzed the data of 250 influenza patients and 366 COVID-19 patients. 58.6% of patients with influenza and 46.2% of patients with COVID-19 presented with increased hs-TnT levels. Patients of both groups with increased hs-TnT levels were significantly more likely to require ICU treatment or to die during their hospital stay. Compared with COVID-19, cardiac biomarkers were significantly higher in patients affected by influenza of all age groups, regardless of pre-existing cardiovascular disease. In patients aged under 65 years, no significant difference in ICU admission and mortality was detected between influenza and COVID-19, whereas significantly more COVID-19 patients 65 years or older died or required intensive care treatment. Conclusions: Our study shows that increased cardiac biomarkers are associated with higher mortality and ICU admission in both, influenza and SARS-CoV-2-infected patients. Cardiac biomarkers are higher in the influenza cohort; however, this does not translate into worse outcomes when compared with the COVID-19 cohort.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-16
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2695572-6
ISSN	2076-0817
ISSN	2076-0817
DOI	10.3390/pathogens11101191
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Article ; Online: Alterations of blood monocyte subset distribution and surface phenotype are linked to infection severity in COVID-19 inpatients.

Haschka, David / Petzer, Verena / Burkert, Francesco Robert / Fritsche, Gernot / Wildner, Sophie / Bellmann-Weiler, Rosa / Tymoszuk, Piotr / Weiss, Guenter

European journal of immunology

2022 Volume 52, Issue 8, Page(s) 1285–1296

Abstract: Severe coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) manifests with systemic immediate proinflammatory innate immune activation and altered iron turnover. Iron homeostasis, differentiation, and function of myeloid leukocytes are interconnected. Therefore, we ... ...

Abstract	Severe coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) manifests with systemic immediate proinflammatory innate immune activation and altered iron turnover. Iron homeostasis, differentiation, and function of myeloid leukocytes are interconnected. Therefore, we characterized the cellularity, surface marker expression, and iron transporter phenotype of neutrophils and monocyte subsets in COVID-19 patients within 72 h from hospital admission, and analyzed how these parameters relate to infection severity. Between March and November 2020, blood leukocyte samples from hospitalized COVID-19 patients (n = 48) and healthy individuals (n = 7) were analyzed by flow cytometry enabling comparative analysis of 40 features. Inflammation-driven neutrophil expansion, depletion of CD16
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19 ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Inpatients ; Iron/metabolism ; Monocytes ; Phenotype
Chemical Substances	Iron (E1UOL152H7)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-06
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	120108-6
ISSN	1521-4141 ; 0014-2980
ISSN (online)	1521-4141
ISSN	0014-2980
DOI	10.1002/eji.202149680
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Article ; Online: Serum Neutralization Against SARS-CoV-2 Variants Is Heterogenic and Depends on Vaccination Regimen.

Jäger, Michael / Dichtl, Stefanie / Bellmann-Weiler, Rosa / Reindl, Markus / Lass-Flörl, Cornelia / Wilflingseder, Doris / Posch, Wilfried

The Journal of infectious diseases

2022 Volume 227, Issue 4, Page(s) 528–532

Abstract: Omicron variants are still the dominant SARS-CoV-2 viruses worldwide, therefore determination of the level of protection from infection and severe disease is essential. Here, we investigated humoral and cellular immunity of individuals immunized by ... ...

Abstract	Omicron variants are still the dominant SARS-CoV-2 viruses worldwide, therefore determination of the level of protection from infection and severe disease is essential. Here, we investigated humoral and cellular immunity of individuals immunized by ChAdOx1, BNT162b2, and mRNA-1273 and our results show that IgG and neutralization titers wane over time. However, strongest neutralization against Omicron BA.1 and T-cell responses were detected in ChAdOx1 vaccinees 6 months after the second dose, while no long-lasting neutralization was shown against BA.2 in any cohort. Crucially, our investigation revealed that immunity against variants of concern is heterogenic and dependent on the immunization status.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; BNT162 Vaccine ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Clinical Protocols ; Antibodies, Viral ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Vaccination
Chemical Substances	BNT162 Vaccine ; Antibodies, Viral ; Antibodies, Neutralizing
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-31
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	3019-3
ISSN	1537-6613 ; 0022-1899
ISSN (online)	1537-6613
ISSN	0022-1899
DOI	10.1093/infdis/jiac432
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Article: Tularemia Goes West: Epidemiology of an Emerging Infection in Austria.

Seiwald, Stefanie / Simeon, Anja / Hofer, Erwin / Weiss, Günter / Bellmann-Weiler, Rosa

Microorganisms

2020 Volume 8, Issue 10

Abstract: The zoonotic disease tularemia is caused by the Gram-negative ... ...

Abstract	The zoonotic disease tularemia is caused by the Gram-negative bacterium
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-16
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2720891-6
ISSN	2076-2607
ISSN	2076-2607
DOI	10.3390/microorganisms8101597
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Article ; Online: Comparative analyses of IgG/IgA neutralizing effects induced by three COVID-19 vaccines against variants of concern.

Lafon, Eliott / Jäger, Michael / Bauer, Angelika / Reindl, Markus / Bellmann-Weiler, Rosa / Wilflingseder, Doris / Lass-Flörl, Cornelia / Posch, Wilfried

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology

2022 Volume 149, Issue 4, Page(s) 1242–1252.e12

Abstract: Background: Few studies have directly compared virus-specific antibodies and their neutralizing capacity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) wild type (WT) and circulating variants of concern despite the reported high ... ...

Abstract	Background: Few studies have directly compared virus-specific antibodies and their neutralizing capacity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) wild type (WT) and circulating variants of concern despite the reported high efficacy of messenger RNA (mRNA)- and vector-based vaccines. Objective: We assessed SARS-CoV-2 spike protein region 1 (S1)-specific antibodies of BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, and ChAdOx1 vaccinated as well as convalescent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. We also determined the neutralization ability against SARS-CoV-2 WT and B.1.1.7 (Alpha), B1.1.7 E484K (Alpha-E484K), B.1.351 (Beta), and B.1.617.2 (Delta) variants. Methods: Serum samples of 107 fully vaccinated or convalescent individuals were analyzed for anti-SARS-CoV-2-S1 IgG and IgA as well as for total anti-SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain Ig. Furthermore, neutralization capacity as 50% and 90% neutralization titer values against SARS-CoV-2 WT virus and circulating variants were determined. Results: We observed a robust IgG response in all participants; however, the highest titers were detected in mRNA-based vaccine recipients. In case of serum IgA responses, the difference between mRNA- and vector-based vaccines or convalescent patients was even more pronounced. Interestingly, all 3 vaccines could neutralize all tested variants of concern in addition to WT virus, but in some individuals, only low or no neutralization, especially against Alpha-E484K and the Delta variant, was detected. Conclusion: Our study of the efficacy of various COVID-19 vaccines found that mRNA-1273 had the highest neutralization abilities compared to BNT162b2 and ChAdOx1. COVID-19 convalescent patients demonstrated the most heterogeneous range of antibody titers and neutralization abilities, making it hard to assess protection. Furthermore, a significant positive relation between antibodies and the 50% neutralization titer values for immunized and convalescent individuals was determined.
MeSH term(s)	Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Antibodies, Viral ; BNT162 Vaccine ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A ; Immunoglobulin G ; RNA, Messenger ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Antibodies, Viral ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Immunoglobulin A ; Immunoglobulin G ; RNA, Messenger ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; spike protein, SARS-CoV-2 ; BNT162 Vaccine (N38TVC63NU)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	121011-7
ISSN	1097-6825 ; 1085-8725 ; 0091-6749
ISSN (online)	1097-6825 ; 1085-8725
ISSN	0091-6749
DOI	10.1016/j.jaci.2022.01.013
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Article ; Online: Single-Center Experience in Detecting Influenza Virus, RSV and SARS-CoV-2 at the Emergency Department.

Nairz, Manfred / Todorovic, Theodora / Gehrer, Clemens M / Grubwieser, Philipp / Burkert, Francesco / Zimmermann, Martina / Trattnig, Kristina / Klotz, Werner / Theurl, Igor / Bellmann-Weiler, Rosa / Weiss, Günter

Viruses

2023 Volume 15, Issue 2

Abstract: Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) on respiratory tract swabs has become the gold standard for sensitive and specific detection of influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus ... ...

Abstract	Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) on respiratory tract swabs has become the gold standard for sensitive and specific detection of influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). In this retrospective analysis, we report on the successive implementation and routine use of multiplex RT-PCR testing for patients admitted to the Internal Medicine Emergency Department (ED) at a tertiary care center in Western Austria, one of the hotspots in the early coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Europe. Our description focuses on the use of the Cepheid
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; Influenza, Human/diagnosis ; Influenza, Human/epidemiology ; Retrospective Studies ; COVID-19/diagnosis ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human/genetics ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Orthomyxoviridae/genetics
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-08
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2516098-9
ISSN	1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
ISSN (online)	1999-4915
ISSN	1999-4915
DOI	10.3390/v15020470
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