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Article ; Online: In Reply.

Calix, Roberto X / Campbell, Katherine H

2020 Volume 136, Issue 1, Page(s) 194

MeSH term(s)	Hepatitis ; Herpes Simplex ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Simplexvirus
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Comment
ZDB-ID	207330-4
ISSN	1873-233X ; 0029-7844
ISSN (online)	1873-233X
ISSN	0029-7844
DOI	10.1097/AOG.0000000000003967
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Article ; Online: Coronary Disease in Pregnancy: Myocardial Infarction and Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection.

Campbell, Katherine H / Tweet, Marysia S

Clinical obstetrics and gynecology

2020 Volume 63, Issue 4, Page(s) 852–867

Abstract: Pregnancy-related maternal mortality and morbidity rates continue to increase in the United States despite global improvements in maternal outcomes. The unique hemodynamic and physiological changes of pregnancy results in a 3- to 4-fold increased risk of ...

Abstract	Pregnancy-related maternal mortality and morbidity rates continue to increase in the United States despite global improvements in maternal outcomes. The unique hemodynamic and physiological changes of pregnancy results in a 3- to 4-fold increased risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) which causes a substantial proportion of all maternal cardiac deaths. In addition to atherosclerosis, pregnancy-associated AMI is commonly caused by nonatherosclerotic etiologies such as spontaneous coronary artery dissection, embolus to the coronary artery, and coronary vasospasm. Herein, the epidemiology, etiologies, presentation, diagnosis, and management of AMI in pregnancy is discussed along with future directions for multidisciplinary care.
MeSH term(s)	Coronary Disease ; Coronary Vessel Anomalies/diagnosis ; Coronary Vessel Anomalies/diagnostic imaging ; Dissection ; Female ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction/diagnosis ; Myocardial Infarction/epidemiology ; Myocardial Infarction/therapy ; Pregnancy ; United States
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	391207-3
ISSN	1532-5520 ; 0009-9201
ISSN (online)	1532-5520
ISSN	0009-9201
DOI	10.1097/GRF.0000000000000558
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Article ; Online: Mode of Delivery in Antepartum Singleton Stillbirths and Associated Risk Factors.

Underwood, Katherine / Reddy, Uma M / Hosier, Hillary / Sweeney, Lena / Campbell, Katherine H / Xu, Xiao

American journal of perinatology

2022

Abstract: Objective: This study was aimed to investigate delivery management of patients with antepartum stillbirth.: Study design: Using data from fetal death certificates and linked maternal hospital discharge records, we identified a population-based ... ...

Abstract	Objective: This study was aimed to investigate delivery management of patients with antepartum stillbirth. Study design: Using data from fetal death certificates and linked maternal hospital discharge records, we identified a population-based sample of patients with singleton antepartum stillbirth at 20 to 42 weeks of gestation in California in 2007 to 2011. Primary outcomes were intended mode of delivery and actual mode of delivery. We used multivariable regressions to examine the association between patient demographic, clinical, and hospital characteristics and their mode of delivery. Separate analysis was performed for patients who had prior cesarean delivery versus those who did not. Results: Of 7,813 patients with singleton antepartum stillbirth, 1,356 had prior cesarean, while 6,457 had no prior cesarean. Labor was attempted in 51.8% of patients with prior cesarean and 93.7% of patients without prior cesarean, with 76.2 and 95.8% of these patients, respectively, delivered vaginally. Overall, 18.9% of patients underwent a cesarean delivery (60.5% among those with prior cesarean and 10.2% among those without prior cesarean). Multivariable regression analysis identified several factors associated with the risk of cesarean delivery that were not medically indicated. For instance, among patients without prior cesarean, malpresentation (of which the vast majority was breech presentation) was associated with an increased likelihood of planned cesarean (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 3.26, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.53-4.22) and cesarean delivery after attempting labor (adjusted OR = 3.09, 95% CI: 2.25-4.25). For both patients with and without prior cesarean, delivery at an urban teaching hospital was associated with a lower likelihood of planned cesarean and a lower likelihood of cesarean delivery after attempting labor (adjusted ORs ranged from 0.28 to 0.56, Conclusion: Over one in six patients with antepartum stillbirth underwent cesarean delivery. Among patients who attempted labor, rate of vaginal delivery was generally high, suggesting a potential opportunity to increase vaginal delivery in this population. Key points: · In singleton antepartum stillbirths, 18.9% underwent cesarean delivery.. · Rate of vaginal delivery was high when labor was attempted.. · Both clinical and non-clinical factors were associated with risk of cesarean delivery..
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	605671-4
ISSN	1098-8785 ; 0735-1631
ISSN (online)	1098-8785
ISSN	0735-1631
DOI	10.1055/s-0042-1750795
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Article ; Online: Racial and ethnic differences in severe maternal morbidity among singleton stillbirth deliveries.

Hosier, Hillary / Xu, Xiao / Underwood, Katherine / Ackerman-Banks, Christina / Campbell, Katherine H / Reddy, Uma M

American journal of obstetrics & gynecology MFM

2022 Volume 4, Issue 6, Page(s) 100708

Abstract: Background: Despite growing evidence suggesting racial or ethnic disparities in the risk of severe maternal morbidity among live births, there is little research investigating potential differences in severe maternal morbidity risk among stillbirths ... ...

Abstract	Background: Despite growing evidence suggesting racial or ethnic disparities in the risk of severe maternal morbidity among live births, there is little research investigating potential differences in severe maternal morbidity risk among stillbirths across race and ethnicity. Objective: This study aimed to compare the risk of severe maternal morbidity by race and ethnicity among patients with singleton stillbirth pregnancies. Study design: We used the California Linked Birth File database to perform a retrospective analysis of singleton stillbirth pregnancies delivered at 20 to 42 weeks' gestation between 2007 and 2011. The database contained information from fetal death certificates linked to maternal hospital discharge records. We defined severe maternal morbidity using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention composite severe maternal morbidity indicator and compared rates of severe maternal morbidity across racial and ethnic groups. Multivariable regression analysis was used to examine how race and ethnicity were associated with severe maternal morbidity risk after accounting for the influence of patients' clinical risk factors, socioeconomic characteristics, and attributes of the delivery hospital. Results: Of the 9198 patients with singleton stillbirths, 533 (5.8%) experienced severe maternal morbidity. Non-Hispanic Black patients had a significantly higher risk of severe maternal morbidity (10.6% vs 5.2% in non-Hispanic White patients, 5.2% in Hispanic patients, and 5.1% in patients with other race or ethnicity; P<.001). The higher risk of severe maternal morbidity among non-Hispanic Black patients persisted even after adjusting for patients' clinical, socioeconomic, and hospital characteristics (adjusted odds ratio for non-Hispanic Black vs non-Hispanic White patients, 1.74; 95% confidence interval, 1.21-2.50). Further analysis separating blood-transfusion and nontransfusion severe maternal morbidity showed a higher risk of blood transfusion in non-Hispanic Black patients, which remained significant after adjusting for patients' clinical, socioeconomic, and hospital characteristics (adjusted odds ratio for non-Hispanic Black vs non-Hispanic White patients, 1.64; 95% confidence interval, 1.11-2.43). However, the higher risk of nontransfusion severe maternal morbidity in non-Hispanic Black patients was no longer significant after adjusting for patients' clinical risk factors (adjusted odds ratio for non-Hispanic Black vs non-Hispanic White patients, 1.38; 95% confidence interval, 0.83-2.30). Conclusion: Severe maternal morbidity occurred in 5.8% of patients with a singleton stillbirth. Risk of severe maternal morbidity in stillbirth was higher in patients with non-Hispanic Black race, which was likely owing to a higher risk of hemorrhage, as evidenced by increased rate of blood transfusion.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Black or African American/statistics & numerical data ; Ethnicity/statistics & numerical data ; Retrospective Studies ; Stillbirth/epidemiology ; Stillbirth/ethnology ; White/statistics & numerical data ; Risk ; California/epidemiology ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Hispanic or Latino/statistics & numerical data ; Race Factors/statistics & numerical data ; Databases, Factual/statistics & numerical data
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	2589-9333
ISSN (online)	2589-9333
DOI	10.1016/j.ajogmf.2022.100708
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Article ; Online: The associations between invasive group A streptococcal disease and infection with influenza, varicella, or hepatitis C viruses: A data linkage study, Victoria, Australia.

Goldsmith, Jessie J / Vu, Christy / Zhu, Ziheng / MacLachlan, Jennifer H / Thomson, Tilda N / Campbell, Patricia Therese / Gibney, Katherine B

International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases

2024 Volume 141, Page(s) 106969

Abstract: Objectives: To quantify the associations between invasive group A streptococcal disease (iGAS) incidence and influenza, varicella, and chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV).: Methods: We used individual-level linked data of iGAS cases from Victoria, ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: To quantify the associations between invasive group A streptococcal disease (iGAS) incidence and influenza, varicella, and chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV). Methods: We used individual-level linked data of iGAS cases from Victoria, Australia (2007-2017) to assess associations between these viral infections and iGAS. A self-controlled case series method was used to estimate the relative incidence of iGAS following an influenza or varicella infection, while the relative incidence of iGAS among HCV cases, and HCV cases who inject drugs, was estimated using population-level data and a negative binomial regression model. Results: Of the 1949 individuals with at least one iGAS diagnosis, 82 were diagnosed with influenza at least once, 30 with varicella, and 118 with HCV during the study period. The relative incidence of iGAS increased substantially following infection with influenza (incidence rate ratio [IRR]: 34.5, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 21.3-55.8) or varicella (IRR: 22.4, 95% CI: 10.3-48.8). iGAS incidence was higher among HCV cases (IRR: 5.7, 95% CI: 4.4-7.3) compared to individuals without HCV. iGAS incidence was also higher among HCV cases who inject drugs (IRR: 17.9, 95% CI: 13.0-24.4) compared to individuals without HCV who did not inject drugs. Conclusions: We found a significantly higher risk of iGAS following an influenza or varicella infection and for chronic HCV cases, particularly those who inject drugs. These findings are relevant to public health practice and support the timely identification of iGAS cases.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Victoria/epidemiology ; Hepacivirus ; Influenza, Human/complications ; Influenza, Human/epidemiology ; Chickenpox/complications ; Chickenpox/epidemiology ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; Streptococcal Infections/complications ; Streptococcal Infections/epidemiology ; Streptococcus pyogenes ; Incidence ; Hepatitis C/complications ; Hepatitis C/epidemiology ; Substance Abuse, Intravenous
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-21
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1331197-9
ISSN	1878-3511 ; 1201-9712
ISSN (online)	1878-3511
ISSN	1201-9712
DOI	10.1016/j.ijid.2024.02.012
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Article ; Online: Histatin-5 interacts with cellular copper to promote antifungal activity against Candida albicans.

Campbell, Joanna X / Schulte, Natalie B / Lai, Barry / Harris, Hugh H / Franz, Katherine J

Metallomics : integrated biometal science

2023 Volume 15, Issue 12

Abstract: Histatin-5 (Hist-5) is an antimicrobial peptide found in human saliva that functions to defend the oral cavity from microbial infections, such as those caused by the fungal pathogen Candida albicans (C. albicans). Hist-5 can bind Cu in multiple oxidation ...

Abstract	Histatin-5 (Hist-5) is an antimicrobial peptide found in human saliva that functions to defend the oral cavity from microbial infections, such as those caused by the fungal pathogen Candida albicans (C. albicans). Hist-5 can bind Cu in multiple oxidation states, Cu2+ and Cu+in vitro, and supplemental Cu2+ has been shown to improve the fungicidal activity of the peptide against C. albicans in culture. However, the exact role of Cu on the antifungal activity of Hist-5 and whether direct peptide-Cu interactions occur intracellularly has yet to be fully determined. Here, we used a combination of fluorescence spectroscopy and confocal microscopy experiments to show reversible Cu-dependent quenching of a fluorescent Hist-5 analogue, Hist-5*, indicating a direct interaction between Hist-5 and intracellular Cu. X-ray fluorescence microscopy images revealed peptide-induced changes to cellular Cu distribution and cell-associated Cu content. These data support a model in which Hist-5 can facilitate the hyperaccumulation of Cu in C. albicans and directly interact with Cu intracellularly to increase the fungicidal activity of Hist-5.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Antifungal Agents/pharmacology ; Antifungal Agents/chemistry ; Candida albicans/metabolism ; Histatins/pharmacology ; Histatins/metabolism ; Copper/metabolism ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Chemical Substances	Antifungal Agents ; Histatins ; Copper (789U1901C5)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2474317-3
ISSN	1756-591X ; 1756-5901
ISSN (online)	1756-591X
ISSN	1756-5901
DOI	10.1093/mtomcs/mfad070
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Article ; Online: Noonan syndrome and pregnancy outcomes.

Chow, Christopher A / Campbell, Katherine H / Chou, Josephine C / Elder, Robert W

Cardiology in the young

2022 , Page(s) 1–5

Abstract: Background: Noonan syndrome is a genetic disorder with high prevalence of congenital heart defects, such as pulmonary stenosis, atrial septal defect and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Scarce data exists regarding the safety of pregnancy in patients with ... ...

Abstract	Background: Noonan syndrome is a genetic disorder with high prevalence of congenital heart defects, such as pulmonary stenosis, atrial septal defect and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Scarce data exists regarding the safety of pregnancy in patients with Noonan syndrome, particularly in the context of maternal cardiac disease. Study design: We performed a retrospective chart review of patients at Yale-New Haven Hospital from 2012 to 2020 with diagnoses of Noonan syndrome and pregnancy. We analysed medical records for pregnancy details and cardiac health, including echocardiograms to quantify maternal cardiac dysfunction through measurements of pulmonary valve peak gradient, structural heart defects and interventricular septal thickness. Results: We identified five women with Noonan syndrome (10 pregnancies). Three of five patients had pulmonary valve stenosis at the time of pregnancy, two of which had undergone cardiac procedures. 50% of pregnancies (5/10) resulted in pre-term birth. 80% (8/10) of all deliveries were converted to caesarean section after a trial of labour. One pregnancy resulted in intra-uterine fetal demise while nine pregnancies resulted in the birth of a living infant. 60% (6/10) of livebirths required care in the neonatal intensive care unit. One infant passed away at 5 weeks of age. Conclusions: The majority of mothers had pre-existing, though mild, heart disease. We found high rates of prematurity, conversion to caesarean section, and elevated level of care. No maternal complications resulted in long-term morbidity. Our study suggests that women with Noonan syndrome and low-risk cardiac lesions can become pregnant and deliver a healthy infant with counselling and risk evaluation.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1078466-4
ISSN	1467-1107 ; 1047-9511
ISSN (online)	1467-1107
ISSN	1047-9511
DOI	10.1017/S104795112100514X
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Article ; Online: Consolidation of obstetric services in a public health emergency.

Campbell, Katherine H / Pettker, Christian M / Goffman, Dena

Seminars in perinatology

2020 Volume 44, Issue 7, Page(s) 151281

Abstract: Though much of routine healthcare pauses in a public health emergency, childbirth continues uninterrupted. Crises like COVID-19 put incredible strains on healthcare systems and require strategic planning, flexible adaptability, clear communication, and ... ...

Abstract	Though much of routine healthcare pauses in a public health emergency, childbirth continues uninterrupted. Crises like COVID-19 put incredible strains on healthcare systems and require strategic planning, flexible adaptability, clear communication, and judicious resource allocation. Experiences from obstetric units affected by COVID-19 highlight the importance of developing new teams and workflows to ensure patient and healthcare worker safety. Additionally, adapting a strategy that combines units and staff from different areas and hospitals can allow for synergistic opportunities to provision care appropriately to manage a structure and workforce at maximum capacity.
MeSH term(s)	Delivery Rooms/organization & administration ; Delivery of Health Care ; Female ; Humans ; Infection Control/organization & administration ; Maternal Health Services/organization & administration ; Multi-Institutional Systems/organization & administration ; Obstetrics ; Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Hospital/organization & administration ; Operating Rooms/organization & administration ; Pregnancy ; SARS-CoV-2
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	752403-1
ISSN	1558-075X ; 0146-0005
ISSN (online)	1558-075X
ISSN	0146-0005
DOI	10.1016/j.semperi.2020.151281
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Article ; Online: Severe Maternal Morbidity Review and Preventability Assessment in a Large Academic Center.

Grechukhina, Olga / Lipkind, Heather S / Lundsberg, Lisbet S / Merriam, Audrey A / Raab, Cheryl / Leon-Martinez, Daisy / Campbell, Katherine H

Obstetrics and gynecology

2023 Volume 141, Issue 4, Page(s) 857–860

Abstract: With the goal of identifying factors contributing to severe maternal morbidity (SMM) at our institution, we established a formal SMM review process. We performed a retrospective cohort study including all SMM cases as defined by American College of ... ...

Abstract	With the goal of identifying factors contributing to severe maternal morbidity (SMM) at our institution, we established a formal SMM review process. We performed a retrospective cohort study including all SMM cases as defined by American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists and Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine consensus criteria that were managed at Yale-New Haven Hospital over a 4-year period. Overall, 156 cases were reviewed. The SMM rate was 0.49% (95% CI 0.40-0.58). The leading causes of SMM were hemorrhage (44.9%) and nonintrauterine infection (14.1%). Two thirds of the cases were deemed to be preventable. Preventability was mostly associated with health care professional-level (79.4%) and system-level (58.8%) factors that could coexist. Detailed case review allowed for identification of preventable causes of SMM, revealed gaps in care, and allowed for implementation of practice changes targeting health care professional-level and system-level factors.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Morbidity ; Retrospective Studies ; Cohort Studies ; Pregnancy Complications/prevention & control ; Quality of Health Care
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	207330-4
ISSN	1873-233X ; 0029-7844
ISSN (online)	1873-233X
ISSN	0029-7844
DOI	10.1097/AOG.0000000000005116
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Article: Mode of Delivery in Antepartum Singleton Stillbirths and Associated Risk Factors

Underwood, Katherine / Reddy, Uma M. / Hosier, Hillary / Sweeney, Lena / Campbell, Katherine H. / Xu, Xiao

American Journal of Perinatology

2022

Abstract: Objective: This study was aimed to investigate delivery management of patients with antepartum stillbirth.: Study Design: Using data from fetal death certificates and linked maternal hospital discharge records, we identified a population-based sample ...

Abstract	Objective: This study was aimed to investigate delivery management of patients with antepartum stillbirth. Study Design: Using data from fetal death certificates and linked maternal hospital discharge records, we identified a population-based sample of patients with singleton antepartum stillbirth at 20 to 42 weeks of gestation in California in 2007 to 2011. Primary outcomes were intended mode of delivery and actual mode of delivery. We used multivariable regressions to examine the association between patient demographic, clinical, and hospital characteristics and their mode of delivery. Separate analysis was performed for patients who had prior cesarean delivery versus those who did not. Results: Of 7,813 patients with singleton antepartum stillbirth, 1,356 had prior cesarean, while 6,457 had no prior cesarean. Labor was attempted in 51.8% of patients with prior cesarean and 93.7% of patients without prior cesarean, with 76.2 and 95.8% of these patients, respectively, delivered vaginally. Overall, 18.9% of patients underwent a cesarean delivery (60.5% among those with prior cesarean and 10.2% among those without prior cesarean). Multivariable regression analysis identified several factors associated with the risk of cesarean delivery that were not medically indicated. For instance, among patients without prior cesarean, malpresentation (of which the vast majority was breech presentation) was associated with an increased likelihood of planned cesarean (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 3.26, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.53–4.22) and cesarean delivery after attempting labor (adjusted OR = 3.09, 95% CI: 2.25–4.25). For both patients with and without prior cesarean, delivery at an urban teaching hospital was associated with a lower likelihood of planned cesarean and a lower likelihood of cesarean delivery after attempting labor (adjusted ORs ranged from 0.28 to 0.56, p < 0.001 for all). Conclusion: Over one in six patients with antepartum stillbirth underwent cesarean delivery. Among patients who attempted labor, rate of vaginal delivery was generally high, suggesting a potential opportunity to increase vaginal delivery in this population. Key Points: In singleton antepartum stillbirths, 18.9% underwent cesarean delivery. Rate of vaginal delivery was high when labor was attempted. Both clinical and non-clinical factors were associated with risk of cesarean delivery.
Keywords	stillbirth ; mode of delivery ; prior cesarean ; labor
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-18
Publisher	Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc.
Publishing place	Stuttgart ; New York
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	605671-4
ISSN	1098-8785 ; 0735-1631
ISSN (online)	1098-8785
ISSN	0735-1631
DOI	10.1055/s-0042-1750795
Database	Thieme publisher's database

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