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  1. Article ; Online: Hydroxyurea for the treatment of sickle cell anemia.

    Platt, Orah S

    The New England journal of medicine

    2008  Volume 358, Issue 13, Page(s) 1362–1369

    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Anemia, Sickle Cell/drug therapy ; Anemia, Sickle Cell/physiopathology ; Antisickling Agents/adverse effects ; Antisickling Agents/pharmacology ; Antisickling Agents/therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Hydroxyurea/adverse effects ; Hydroxyurea/pharmacology ; Hydroxyurea/therapeutic use ; Practice Guidelines as Topic
    Chemical Substances Antisickling Agents ; Hydroxyurea (X6Q56QN5QC)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-03-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 207154-x
    ISSN 1533-4406 ; 0028-4793
    ISSN (online) 1533-4406
    ISSN 0028-4793
    DOI 10.1056/NEJMct0708272
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Preventing stroke in sickle cell anemia.

    Platt, Orah S

    The New England journal of medicine

    2005  Volume 353, Issue 26, Page(s) 2743–2745

    MeSH term(s) Anemia, Sickle Cell/complications ; Anemia, Sickle Cell/physiopathology ; Anemia, Sickle Cell/therapy ; Blood Flow Velocity ; Blood Transfusion ; Brain/blood supply ; Cerebral Arteries/diagnostic imaging ; Cerebral Arteries/pathology ; Cerebral Arteries/physiopathology ; Child ; Humans ; Oxygen/blood ; Stroke/prevention & control ; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial
    Chemical Substances Oxygen (S88TT14065)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2005-12-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 207154-x
    ISSN 1533-4406 ; 0028-4793
    ISSN (online) 1533-4406
    ISSN 0028-4793
    DOI 10.1056/NEJMp058274
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Prevention and management of stroke in sickle cell anemia.

    Platt, Orah S

    Hematology. American Society of Hematology. Education Program

    2006  , Page(s) 54–57

    Abstract: As the overall health of patients with sickle cell anemia (SS) improves and diagnostic techniques become more sensitive, physicians are seeing patients with an increasingly wide range of subtle and not-so-subtle brain injury. The major breakthrough in ... ...

    Abstract As the overall health of patients with sickle cell anemia (SS) improves and diagnostic techniques become more sensitive, physicians are seeing patients with an increasingly wide range of subtle and not-so-subtle brain injury. The major breakthrough in the field of sickle-related brain injury has been the unprecedented success of transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (TCD) to identify asymptomatic patients at high risk of stroke, coupled with chronic transfusion therapy to prevent it. The evidence for TCD screening and preventive treatment is strong and compelling, but there are still important unanswered questions regarding the implications of "silent infarcts" found in the magnetic resonance images (MRIs) of asymptomatic individuals, and the growing awareness of the burden of neuropsychiatric dysfunction in otherwise apparently healthy individuals.
    MeSH term(s) Anemia, Sickle Cell/complications ; Disease Management ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Stroke/diagnostic imaging ; Stroke/prevention & control ; Stroke/therapy ; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial
    Language English
    Publishing date 2006
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 1520-4391
    ISSN 1520-4391
    DOI 10.1182/asheducation-2006.1.54
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Heritability of fetal hemoglobin, white cell count, and other clinical traits from a sickle cell disease family cohort.

    Bao, Erik L / Lareau, Caleb A / Brugnara, Carlo / Fulcher, Isabel R / Barau, Caroline / Moutereau, Stephane / Habibi, Anoosha / Badaoui, Bouchra / Berkenou, Jugurtha / Bartolucci, Pablo / Galactéros, Frédéric / Platt, Orah S / Mahaney, Michael / Sankaran, Vijay G

    American journal of hematology

    2019  Volume 94, Issue 5, Page(s) 522–527

    Abstract: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is the most common monogenic disorder in the world. Notably, there is extensive clinical heterogeneity in SCD that cannot be fully accounted for by known factors, and in particular, the extent to which the phenotypic diversity ... ...

    Abstract Sickle cell disease (SCD) is the most common monogenic disorder in the world. Notably, there is extensive clinical heterogeneity in SCD that cannot be fully accounted for by known factors, and in particular, the extent to which the phenotypic diversity of SCD can be explained by genetic variation has not been reliably quantified. Here, in a family-based cohort of 449 patients with SCD and 755 relatives, we first show that 5 known modifiers affect 11 adverse outcomes in SCD to varying degrees. We then utilize a restricted maximum likelihood procedure to estimate the heritability of 20 hematologic traits, including fetal hemoglobin (HbF) and white blood cell count (WBC), in the clinically relevant context of inheritance from healthy carriers to SCD patients. We report novel estimations of heritability for HbF at 31.6% (±5.4%) and WBC at 41.2% (±6.8%) in our cohort. Finally, we demonstrate shared genetic bases between HbF, WBC, and other hematologic traits, but surprisingly little overlap between HbF and WBC themselves. In total, our analyses show that HbF and WBC have significant heritable components among individuals with SCD and their relatives, demonstrating the value of using family-based studies to better understand modifiers of SCD.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Anemia, Sickle Cell/blood ; Anemia, Sickle Cell/genetics ; Cohort Studies ; Family ; Female ; Fetal Hemoglobin/genetics ; Fetal Hemoglobin/metabolism ; Humans ; Leukocyte Count ; Male ; Quantitative Trait, Heritable
    Chemical Substances Fetal Hemoglobin (9034-63-3)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-02-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Clinical Trial ; Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 196767-8
    ISSN 1096-8652 ; 0361-8609
    ISSN (online) 1096-8652
    ISSN 0361-8609
    DOI 10.1002/ajh.25421
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Age- and gender-dependent obesity in individuals with 16p11.2 deletion.

    Yu, Yongguo / Zhu, Haitao / Miller, David T / Gusella, James F / Platt, Orah S / Wu, Bai-Lin / Shen, Yiping

    Journal of genetics and genomics = Yi chuan xue bao

    2011  Volume 38, Issue 9, Page(s) 403–409

    Abstract: Recurrent genomic imbalances at 16p11.2 are genetic risk factors of variable penetrance for developmental delay and autism. Recently, 16p11.2 (chr16:29.5 Mb-30.1 Mb) deletion has also been detected in individuals with early-onset severe obesity. The ... ...

    Abstract Recurrent genomic imbalances at 16p11.2 are genetic risk factors of variable penetrance for developmental delay and autism. Recently, 16p11.2 (chr16:29.5 Mb-30.1 Mb) deletion has also been detected in individuals with early-onset severe obesity. The penetrance of 16p11.2 deletion as a genetic risk factor for obesity is unknown. We evaluated the growth and body mass characteristics of 28 individuals with 16p11.2 (chr16:29.5 Mb-30.1 Mb) deletion originally ascertained for their developmental disorders by reviewing their medical records. We found that nine individuals could be classified as obese and six as overweight. These individuals generally had early feeding and growth difficulties, and started to gain excessive weight around 5-6 years of age. Thirteen out of the 18 deletion carriers aged 5 years and older (72%) were overweight or obese, whereas only two of 10 deletion carriers (20%) younger than five were overweight or obese. Males exhibited more severe obesity than females. Thus, the obesity phenotype of 16p11.2 deletion carriers is of juvenile onset, exhibited an age- and gender-dependent penetrance. 16p11.2 deletion appears to predispose individuals to juvenile onset obesity and in this case are similar to the well-described Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS). Early detection of this deletion will provide opportunity to prevent obesity.
    MeSH term(s) Aging/genetics ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16/genetics ; Female ; Genotype ; Growth and Development/genetics ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Obesity/diagnosis ; Obesity/genetics ; Obesity/physiopathology ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Pregnancy ; Sex Characteristics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-09-20
    Publishing country China
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2374568-X
    ISSN 1873-5533 ; 1673-8527
    ISSN (online) 1873-5533
    ISSN 1673-8527
    DOI 10.1016/j.jgg.2011.08.003
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Genetic influences on peripheral blood cell counts: a study in baboons.

    Mahaney, Michael C / Brugnara, Carlo / Lease, Loren R / Platt, Orah S

    Blood

    2005  Volume 106, Issue 4, Page(s) 1210–1214

    Abstract: Interperson differences in peripheral blood cell counts in healthy individuals result from genetic and environmental influences. We used multivariate genetic analyses to assess the relative impact of genes and environment on baseline blood cell counts ... ...

    Abstract Interperson differences in peripheral blood cell counts in healthy individuals result from genetic and environmental influences. We used multivariate genetic analyses to assess the relative impact of genes and environment on baseline blood cell counts and indices using a pedigreed colony of baboons, an animal with well-documented analogies to human blood physiology. After accounting for age, sex, and weight, we found that genetic influences explain a significant proportion of the remaining variability, ranging from a low of 13.7% for mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) to a high of 72.4% for red blood cell (RBC) number. Genes influence 38.5% of the variation in baseline white blood cell (WBC) count, a characteristic that correlates with mortality in both the general human population and clinically defined subgroups such as individuals with sickle-cell disease. We examined the interaction between pairs of traits and identified those that share common genetic influences (pleiotropy). We unexpectedly observed that the same gene or group of genes influences both WBC count and mean platelet volume (MPV). We anticipate that this approach will ultimately lead to discovery of novel insights into the biology of related traits, and ultimately identify important genes that affect hematopoiesis.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Blood Cell Count ; Blood Cells/cytology ; Erythrocyte Indices ; Genetic Variation ; Hematologic Tests ; Inheritance Patterns ; Multivariate Analysis ; Papio
    Language English
    Publishing date 2005-05-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 80069-7
    ISSN 1528-0020 ; 0006-4971
    ISSN (online) 1528-0020
    ISSN 0006-4971
    DOI 10.1182/blood-2004-12-4863
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Acquisition of mutans streptococci and caries prevalence in pediatric sickle cell anemia patients receiving long-term antibiotic therapy.

    Fukuda, James T / Sonis, Andrew L / Platt, Orah S / Kurth, Susan

    Pediatric dentistry

    2005  Volume 27, Issue 3, Page(s) 186–190

    Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this study was to: (1) evaluate the prevalence of mutans streptococci (MS) and dental caries in sickle cell anemia (SCA) patients receiving long-term prophylactic penicillin therapy; and (2) determine changes in MS colonization ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: The purpose of this study was to: (1) evaluate the prevalence of mutans streptococci (MS) and dental caries in sickle cell anemia (SCA) patients receiving long-term prophylactic penicillin therapy; and (2) determine changes in MS colonization and dental caries upon discontinuing the antibiotic.
    Methods: Sixty subjects with SCA and 60 age- and race-matched control subjects participated in this study. The SCA subjects were divided into 2 separate age groups: (1) group 1 subjects were under 6 years of age and received penicillin twice a day; and (2) group 2 subjects were 6 to 12 years old and received no daily prophylactic antibiotics, although up to age 6 they had received daily penicillin before it was discontinued. DMFS/dmfs scores for all subjects were obtained through a comprehensive dental examination including bitewing radiographs. Stimulated salivary samples to assess MS levels were obtained on all subjects. Data on medical, dental, fluoride, and dietary history were obtained on all patients through a written parental questionnaire.
    Results: No group 1 patients had positive cultures for MS. In contrast, 70% of marched controls cultured positively for MS (P<.01). The DMFS/dmfs score for group 1 was 0.21 vs 5.1 for the control group (P<.01). Differences in surfaces affected were also noted, with no group 1 patients having interproximal lesions compared to 47% of control subjects having these lesions (P<.01). Group 2 also had significantly lower levels of MS than matched controls (47% vs 97%, P<.01), although there was no statistically significant difference in caries prevalence or surfaces involved.
    Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that long-term penicillin prophylaxis in SCA patients likely prevents the acquisition of MS, resulting in significantly lower caries rates in these patients. This benefit occurs only during active administration of the drug, however, and only delays the acquisition of MS.
    MeSH term(s) Anemia, Sickle Cell/complications ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage ; Antibiotic Prophylaxis ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; DMF Index ; Dental Caries/complications ; Dental Caries/prevention & control ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Penicillins/administration & dosage ; Saliva/microbiology ; Streptococcus mutans/drug effects ; Streptococcus mutans/pathogenicity ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Time Factors
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Penicillins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2005-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 604709-9
    ISSN 1942-5473 ; 0164-1263
    ISSN (online) 1942-5473
    ISSN 0164-1263
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Age- and gender-dependent obesity in individuals with 16p11.2 deletion

    Yu, Yongguo / Zhu, Haitao / Miller, David T / Gusella, James F / Platt, Orah S / Wu, Bai-Lin / Shen, Yiping

    Journal of genetics and genomics. 2011 Sept. 20, v. 38, no. 9

    2011  

    Abstract: Recurrent genomic imbalances at 16p11.2 are genetic risk factors of variable penetrance for developmental delay and autism. Recently, 16p11.2 (chr16:29.5 Mb–30.1 Mb) deletion has also been detected in individuals with early-onset severe obesity. The ... ...

    Abstract Recurrent genomic imbalances at 16p11.2 are genetic risk factors of variable penetrance for developmental delay and autism. Recently, 16p11.2 (chr16:29.5 Mb–30.1 Mb) deletion has also been detected in individuals with early-onset severe obesity. The penetrance of 16p11.2 deletion as a genetic risk factor for obesity is unknown. We evaluated the growth and body mass characteristics of 28 individuals with 16p11.2 (chr16:29.5 Mb–30.1 Mb) deletion originally ascertained for their developmental disorders by reviewing their medical records. We found that nine individuals could be classified as obese and six as overweight. These individuals generally had early feeding and growth difficulties, and started to gain excessive weight around 5–6 years of age. Thirteen out of the 18 deletion carriers aged 5 years and older (72%) were overweight or obese, whereas only two of 10 deletion carriers (20%) younger than five were overweight or obese. Males exhibited more severe obesity than females. Thus, the obesity phenotype of 16p11.2 deletion carriers is of juvenile onset, exhibited an age- and gender-dependent penetrance. 16p11.2 deletion appears to predispose individuals to juvenile onset obesity and in this case are similar to the well-described Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS). Early detection of this deletion will provide opportunity to prevent obesity.
    Keywords females ; males ; obesity ; penetrance ; phenotype ; risk factors
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2011-0920
    Size p. 403-409.
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2374568-X
    ISSN 1873-5533 ; 1673-8527
    ISSN (online) 1873-5533
    ISSN 1673-8527
    DOI 10.1016/j.jgg.2011.08.003
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  9. Article ; Online: Pulmonary hypertension and nitric oxide depletion in sickle cell disease.

    Bunn, H Franklin / Nathan, David G / Dover, George J / Hebbel, Robert P / Platt, Orah S / Rosse, Wendell F / Ware, Russell E

    Blood

    2010  Volume 116, Issue 5, Page(s) 687–692

    Abstract: During the past decade a large body of experimental and clinical studies has focused on the hypothesis that nitric oxide (NO) depletion by plasma hemoglobin in the microcirculation plays a central role in the pathogenesis of many manifestations of sickle ...

    Abstract During the past decade a large body of experimental and clinical studies has focused on the hypothesis that nitric oxide (NO) depletion by plasma hemoglobin in the microcirculation plays a central role in the pathogenesis of many manifestations of sickle cell disease (SCD), particularly pulmonary hypertension. We have carefully examined those studies and believe that the conclusions drawn from them are not adequately supported by the data. We agree that NO depletion may well play a role in the pathophysiology of other hemolytic states such as paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, in which plasma hemoglobin concentrations are often at least an order of magnitude greater than in SCD. Accordingly, we conclude that clinical trials in SCD designed to increase the bioavailability of NO or association studies in which SCD clinical manifestations are related to plasma hemoglobin via its surrogates should be viewed with caution.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Anemia, Sickle Cell/blood ; Anemia, Sickle Cell/complications ; Anemia, Sickle Cell/drug therapy ; Anemia, Sickle Cell/physiopathology ; Animals ; Child ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Disease Models, Animal ; Echocardiography, Doppler ; Endothelium, Vascular/physiopathology ; False Positive Reactions ; Female ; Hemoglobins/analysis ; Hemoglobins/chemistry ; Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal/complications ; Hemolysis ; Humans ; Hydroxyurea/pharmacology ; Hydroxyurea/therapeutic use ; Hypertension, Pulmonary/blood ; Hypertension, Pulmonary/diagnostic imaging ; Hypertension, Pulmonary/etiology ; Hypertension, Pulmonary/physiopathology ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/blood ; Leg Ulcer/etiology ; Leg Ulcer/physiopathology ; Male ; Microcirculation ; Models, Biological ; Multicenter Studies as Topic ; Nitric Oxide/administration & dosage ; Nitric Oxide/blood ; Nitric Oxide/deficiency ; Nitric Oxide/physiology ; Nitric Oxide/therapeutic use ; Priapism/etiology ; Priapism/physiopathology ; Thromboembolism/etiology ; Thromboembolism/physiopathology ; Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency/diagnostic imaging ; Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency/etiology ; Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency/physiopathology
    Chemical Substances Hemoglobins ; Nitric Oxide (31C4KY9ESH) ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.27) ; Hydroxyurea (X6Q56QN5QC)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-04-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 80069-7
    ISSN 1528-0020 ; 0006-4971
    ISSN (online) 1528-0020
    ISSN 0006-4971
    DOI 10.1182/blood-2010-02-268193
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: Quantitative trait loci for baseline erythroid traits.

    Peters, Luanne L / Lambert, Amy J / Zhang, Weidong / Churchill, Gary A / Brugnara, Carlo / Platt, Orah S

    Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society

    2006  Volume 17, Issue 4, Page(s) 298–309

    Abstract: A substantial genetic contribution underlies variation in baseline peripheral blood counts. We performed quantitative trait locus/loci (QTL) analyses to identify chromosome (Chr) regions harboring genes influencing the baseline erythroid parameters in F2 ...

    Abstract A substantial genetic contribution underlies variation in baseline peripheral blood counts. We performed quantitative trait locus/loci (QTL) analyses to identify chromosome (Chr) regions harboring genes influencing the baseline erythroid parameters in F2 intercrosses between NZW/LacJ, SM/J, and C57BLKS/J inbred mice. We identified multiple significant QTL for red blood cell (RBC) count, hemoglobin (Hgb) and hematocrit (Hct) levels, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and mean cell hemoglobin concentration (CHCM). We identified four RBC count QTL: Rbcq1 (Chr 1, peak LOD score at 62 cM,), Rbcq2 (Chr 4, 60 cM), Rbcq3 (Chr 11, 34 cM), and Rbcq4 (Chr 10, 60 cM). Three MCV QTL were identified: Mcvq1 (Chr 7, 30 cM), Mvcq2 (Chr 11, 6 cM), and Mcvq3 (Chr 10, 60 cM). Single significant loci for Hgb (Hgbq1, Chr 16, 32 cM), Hct (Hctq1, Chr 3, 42 cM), and MCH (Mchq1, Chr 10, 60 cM) were identified. The data support the existence of a common RBC/MCH/MCV locus on Chr 10. Two QTL for CHCM (Chcmq1, Chr 2, 48 cM; Chcmq2, Chr 9, 44 cM) and an interaction between Chcmq2 with a locus on Chr 19 were identified. These analyses emphasize the genetic complexity underlying the regulation of erythroid peripheral blood traits in normal populations and suggest that genes not previously recognized as significantly impacting normal erythropoiesis exist.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Chromosomes/genetics ; Crosses, Genetic ; Erythrocyte Count ; Erythropoiesis/genetics ; Female ; Hematocrit ; Hemoglobins/analysis ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Inbred NZB ; Quantitative Trait Loci/genetics ; Quantitative Trait, Heritable
    Chemical Substances Hemoglobins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2006-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1058547-3
    ISSN 1432-1777 ; 0938-8990
    ISSN (online) 1432-1777
    ISSN 0938-8990
    DOI 10.1007/s00335-005-0147-3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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