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  1. Article ; Online: Perceptions and Attitudes Regarding Medical Device Development in Canada Among Canadian Innovators: A Qualitative Study.

    Browne, Ikennah L / Sutton, Andrew J / Zhang, Wei

    PharmacoEconomics - open

    2023  Volume 7, Issue 5, Page(s) 793–809

    Abstract: Objectives: The Canadian medical device industry presents unique challenges to innovators. However, little attention has been paid to exploring the distinct experience of Canadian medical device innovators in the literature. The objective of this study ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: The Canadian medical device industry presents unique challenges to innovators. However, little attention has been paid to exploring the distinct experience of Canadian medical device innovators in the literature. The objective of this study is to explore the experience of Canadian innovators in navigating this industry, with a focus on their perceptions and attitudes towards the use of health economic evaluation.
    Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted using virtual conferencing technology. All participants were C-level employees of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) with adequate knowledge of their company's overall strategy. Qualitative data were analyzed to reveal emerging themes.
    Results: Interviews were performed with ten participants. Forty percent of participants rated themselves as having either minimal or basic knowledge of health economics. Thirty percent of participants had not pursued early economic evaluation of their device, while 90% rated health economics as being either "Quite important" or "Very important" to their company. The perception of increased barriers to successful device adoption in Canada relative to the USA was a prominent sentiment among participants, with 50% expressing discontentment with either the device approval process or health technology assessment process in Canada. Twenty percent stated that their primary target market involved the USA and/or other international jurisdictions.
    Conclusion: Canadian medical device innovators appear to understand the importance of health economic evaluation in the innovation process. However, they report difficulty with device approval and adoption, with some innovators focusing their efforts outside of Canada altogether. Further research should be directed toward understanding how to better support SMEs, given that they are a tremendous source of growth for the Canadian medical device industry.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-30
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2874287-4
    ISSN 2509-4254 ; 2509-4262
    ISSN (online) 2509-4254
    ISSN 2509-4262
    DOI 10.1007/s41669-023-00422-1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Reconfiguring emergency and acute services: time to pause and reflect.

    Vaughan, Louella / Browne, John

    BMJ quality & safety

    2022  Volume 32, Issue 4, Page(s) 185–188

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; State Medicine ; Data Collection ; Emergency Medical Services
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Editorial ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2592909-4
    ISSN 2044-5423 ; 2044-5415
    ISSN (online) 2044-5423
    ISSN 2044-5415
    DOI 10.1136/bmjqs-2022-015141
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Plastic Debris As a Vector for Bacterial Disease: An Interdisciplinary Systematic Review.

    Beloe, Charlotte J / Browne, Mark Anthony / Johnston, Emma L

    Environmental science & technology

    2022  Volume 56, Issue 5, Page(s) 2950–2958

    Abstract: Pathogens and polymers can separately cause disease; however, environmental and medical researchers are increasingly investigating the capacity of polymers to transfer pathogenic bacteria, and cause disease, to hosts in new environments. We integrated ... ...

    Abstract Pathogens and polymers can separately cause disease; however, environmental and medical researchers are increasingly investigating the capacity of polymers to transfer pathogenic bacteria, and cause disease, to hosts in new environments. We integrated causal frameworks from ecology and epidemiology into one interdisciplinary framework with four stages (colonization, survival, transfer, disease). We then systematically and critically reviewed 111 environmental and medical papers. We show 58% of studies investigated the colonization-stage alone but used this as evidence to classify a substratum as a vector. Only 11% of studies identified potential pathogens, with only 3% of studies confirming the presence of virulence-genes. Further, 8% of studies investigated μm-sized polymers with most (58%) examining less pervasive cm-sized polymers. No study showed bacteria can preferentially colonize, survive, transfer, and cause more disease on polymers compared to other environmental media. One laboratory experiment demonstrated plausibility for polymers to be colonized by a potential pathogen (
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Anthozoa ; Bacteria ; Bacterial Infections ; Plastics ; Polymers
    Chemical Substances Plastics ; Polymers
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Systematic Review
    ISSN 1520-5851
    ISSN (online) 1520-5851
    DOI 10.1021/acs.est.1c05405
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Exploring the approach to parameter uncertainty in early economic evaluations of surgical technology - a systematic review.

    Browne, Ikennah L / Zhang, Wei / Sutton, Andrew J

    Expert review of pharmacoeconomics & outcomes research

    2022  , Page(s) 1–13

    Abstract: Introduction: The role of early economic evaluation (EEE) in the development of medical technology has been increasingly recognized; however, data on the use of EEE in surgical technology are sparse. The objective of this review was to explore the use ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: The role of early economic evaluation (EEE) in the development of medical technology has been increasingly recognized; however, data on the use of EEE in surgical technology are sparse. The objective of this review was to explore the use of EEE in the development of surgical technologies, with emphasis on how uncertainty has been addressed.
    Areas covered: A systematic review was conducted, and original articles employing any form of EEE of surgical technology were selected for review, with 10 studies included in the analysis. These studies demonstrated significant variation in the approach to managing parameter uncertainty, specifically regarding the type of analysis used and the inclusion of effectiveness parameters in sensitivity analysis. The conclusions drawn did not appear to factor in uncertainty in the models.
    Expert opinion: Approaches to handling parameter uncertainty in previous EEEs of surgical technology have been limited, with some studies failing to address parameter uncertainty. In addition, EEEs do not appear to follow established guidelines with respect to the use of sensitivity analyses. It is important that EEEs of surgical technology address parameter uncertainty in order to draw more robust conclusions from the analysis and allow investors to consider this uncertainty when making investment decisions.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-16
    Publishing country England
    Document type Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 2208481-2
    ISSN 1744-8379 ; 1473-7167
    ISSN (online) 1744-8379
    ISSN 1473-7167
    DOI 10.1080/14737167.2023.2145946
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: A high-throughput screening RT-qPCR assay for quantifying surrogate markers of immunity from PBMCs.

    Browne, Daniel J / Kelly, Ashton M / Brady, Jamie L / Doolan, Denise L

    Frontiers in immunology

    2022  Volume 13, Page(s) 962220

    Abstract: Immunoassays that quantitate cytokines and other surrogate markers of immunity from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), such as flow cytometry or Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Spot (ELIspot), allow highly sensitive measurements of immune effector ... ...

    Abstract Immunoassays that quantitate cytokines and other surrogate markers of immunity from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), such as flow cytometry or Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Spot (ELIspot), allow highly sensitive measurements of immune effector function. However, those assays consume relatively high numbers of cells and expensive reagents, precluding comprehensive analyses and high-throughput screening (HTS). To address this issue, we developed a sensitive and specific reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR)-based HTS assay, specifically designed to quantify surrogate markers of immunity from very low numbers of PBMCs. We systematically evaluated the volumes and concentrations of critical reagents within the RT-qPCR protocol, miniaturizing the assay and ultimately reducing the cost by almost 90% compared to current standard practice. We assessed the suitability of this cost-optimized RT-qPCR protocol as an HTS tool and determined the assay exceeds HTS uniformity and signal variance testing standards. Furthermore, we demonstrate this technique can effectively delineate a hierarchy of responses from as little as 50,000 PBMCs stimulated with CD4
    MeSH term(s) Biomarkers ; Cytokines ; Epitopes ; High-Throughput Screening Assays ; Immunosorbents ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; Reverse Transcription
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers ; Cytokines ; Epitopes ; Immunosorbents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-30
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2606827-8
    ISSN 1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
    ISSN (online) 1664-3224
    ISSN 1664-3224
    DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2022.962220
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Development of a focal lesion phantom with clinically relevant lesion characteristics for image quality evaluation of breast ultrasound scanners.

    Browne, J E / Cannon, L M / Fagan, A J / Cournane, S

    Physica medica : PM : an international journal devoted to the applications of physics to medicine and biology : official journal of the Italian Association of Biomedical Physics (AIFB)

    2022  Volume 94, Page(s) 65–74

    Abstract: Purpose: Contrast-detail (C-D) and anechoic-target (A-T) detectability are measures of an ultrasound scanner's ability to image lesions of varying contrast and size from background tissue and, as such, they are important tools for grading the imaging ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Contrast-detail (C-D) and anechoic-target (A-T) detectability are measures of an ultrasound scanner's ability to image lesions of varying contrast and size from background tissue and, as such, they are important tools for grading the imaging capabilities of ultrasound scanners. The objective of this study was to develop a range of contrast- and anechoic-detail phantoms with clinically relevant lesions, of various contrast and sizes, for performance testing of breast ultrasound equipment.
    Methods: Tissue mimicking materials that represent the acoustic properties of breast fibroglandular tissue were produced and moulded to construct a range of C-D and A-T phantoms. Two phantom designs were produced, containing cylindrical and spherical targets. Both phantom types were constructed with contrast targets covering the range anechoic, -1, -2, -3 and -4 dB, with lesion diameters of 1-4 mm, positioned at four clinically relevant depths (10, 25, 40 and 55 mm). An image analysis program was developed to objectively analyse the lesion images and to determine the lesion-signal-noise-ratio (LSNR).
    Results: Both phantoms were used to evaluate the performance of a breast ultrasound scanner. The use of cylindrical phantoms led to an artificially higher image quality performance compared with the more clinically relevant spherical lesion phantom, thus indicating the importance of using the appropriate targets in ultrasound phantoms.
    Conclusion: The spherical lesion phantoms, coupled with the quantitative metric of LSNR, provides a comprehensive approach for performance and quality control testing, as well as the evaluation of advanced ultrasound imaging modes and technologies.
    MeSH term(s) Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Phantoms, Imaging ; Ultrasonography
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-05
    Publishing country Italy
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1122650-x
    ISSN 1724-191X ; 1120-1797
    ISSN (online) 1724-191X
    ISSN 1120-1797
    DOI 10.1016/j.ejmp.2021.12.019
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Performance of a commercial smart watch compared to polysomnography reference for overnight continuous oximetry measurement and sleep apnea evaluation.

    Browne, Sara H / Vaida, Florin / Umlauf, Anya / Kim, Jeffrey / DeYoung, Pamela / Owens, Robert L

    Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine

    2024  

    Abstract: Study objectives: To evaluate the accuracy and precision of continuous overnight oxygen saturation (SpO: Methods: Participants completed sleep questionnaires, had a WD (Samsung Galaxy Watch 4) placed on their wrist, and underwent attending, in-lab ... ...

    Abstract Study objectives: To evaluate the accuracy and precision of continuous overnight oxygen saturation (SpO
    Methods: Participants completed sleep questionnaires, had a WD (Samsung Galaxy Watch 4) placed on their wrist, and underwent attending, in-lab overnight PSG (Nihon Kohden) with pulse oximetry probe secured either to a finger or ear lobe. PSG data was scored by a single experienced registered PSG technologist. Statistical analysis included demographic characteristics, continuous SpO
    Results: The 51 participants analyzed had median age of 49 (range 22-78) years, 66.7% were male, with median body mass index (BMI) 28.1 (range 20.1, 47.3) kg/m
    Conclusions: The WD conducted reliable overnight continuous SpO
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2397213-0
    ISSN 1550-9397 ; 1550-9389
    ISSN (online) 1550-9397
    ISSN 1550-9389
    DOI 10.5664/jcsm.11178
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Nonurgent Emergency Department Use Among Women Sentenced to Probation.

    Lorvick, Jennifer / Hemberg, Jordana L / Browne, Erica N / Comfort, Megan L

    Journal of correctional health care : the official journal of the National Commission on Correctional Health Care

    2023  Volume 29, Issue 3, Page(s) 182–189

    Abstract: Like women who are incarcerated, women sentenced to probation have high levels of physical and mental health morbidities. They rely heavily on hospital emergency departments (EDs) for health care in community settings. We examined the prevalence of ... ...

    Abstract Like women who are incarcerated, women sentenced to probation have high levels of physical and mental health morbidities. They rely heavily on hospital emergency departments (EDs) for health care in community settings. We examined the prevalence of nonurgent ED use in a cohort of women with a history of probation system involvement in Alameda County, California. We found that two-thirds of ED visits were nonurgent, even though most women had health insurance. Factors associated with nonurgent ED use included having one or more chronic health conditions, severe substance use, low health literacy, and recent arrest. Among a subgroup of women who also received primary care, dissatisfaction with a recent primary care visit was also associated with nonurgent ED use. The heavy use of the ED for nonurgent care in this study may reflect a need to provide options better attuned to the multiple forms of instability and barriers to wellness faced by women with criminal legal system involvement.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Female ; Insurance, Health ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Mental Health
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2233559-6
    ISSN 1940-5200 ; 1078-3458
    ISSN (online) 1940-5200
    ISSN 1078-3458
    DOI 10.1089/jchc.21.11.0122
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Interventions to Prevent Intimate Partner Violence: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

    Alsina, Ema / Browne, Joyce L / Gielkens, Desi / Noorman, Maaike A J / de Wit, John B F

    Violence against women

    2023  Volume 30, Issue 3-4, Page(s) 953–980

    Abstract: Intimate partner violence (IPV) remains a global health and human rights problem. This systematic review assesses the effects of preventive interventions on the occurrence of IPV experience or perpetration. Twenty-six studies published between January 1, ...

    Abstract Intimate partner violence (IPV) remains a global health and human rights problem. This systematic review assesses the effects of preventive interventions on the occurrence of IPV experience or perpetration. Twenty-six studies published between January 1, 2008 and March 31, 2022 were included, contributing 91 effect sizes. Multilevel meta-analysis showed a protective pooled effect (risk ratio = 0.85, 95% CI [0.77, 0.99]). Interventions (also) including men were more effective than interventions for women only. No other moderators were found. Findings underscore that various IPV prevention interventions are now available that can improve the health and rights of women in diverse settings.
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Humans ; Female ; Intimate Partner Violence/prevention & control ; Odds Ratio ; Global Health ; Risk Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2031375-5
    ISSN 1552-8448 ; 1077-8012
    ISSN (online) 1552-8448
    ISSN 1077-8012
    DOI 10.1177/10778012231183660
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  10. Article ; Online: Mechanochemical Organocatalysis: Do High Enantioselectivities Contradict What We Might Expect?

    Williams, Matthew T J / Morrill, Louis C / Browne, Duncan L

    ChemSusChem

    2021  Volume 15, Issue 2, Page(s) e202102157

    Abstract: Ball mills input energy to samples by pulverising the contents of the jar. Each impact on the sample or wall of the jar results in an instantaneous transmission of energy in the form of a temperature and pressure increase (volume reduction). Conversely, ... ...

    Abstract Ball mills input energy to samples by pulverising the contents of the jar. Each impact on the sample or wall of the jar results in an instantaneous transmission of energy in the form of a temperature and pressure increase (volume reduction). Conversely, enantioselective organocatalytic reactions proceed through perceived delicate and well-organised transition states. Does there exist a dichotomy in the idea of enantioselective mechanochemical organocatalysis? This Review provides a survey of the literature reporting the combination of organocatalytic reactions with mechanochemical ball milling conditions. Where possible, direct comparisons of stirred in solution, stirred neat and ball milled processes are drawn with a particular focus on control of stereoselectivity.
    MeSH term(s) Temperature
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-09
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 1864-564X
    ISSN (online) 1864-564X
    DOI 10.1002/cssc.202102157
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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