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Article ; Online: Risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection: a test-negative case-control study with additional population controls in Norway.

Sarjomaa, Marjut / Zhang, Chi / Tveten, Yngvar / Kersten, Hege / Reiso, Harald / Eikeland, Randi / Kongerud, Johny / Berg, Kristine Karlsrud / Thilesen, Carina / Nordbø, Svein Arne / Aaberge, Ingeborg S / Vandenbroucke, Jan / Pearce, Neil / Fell, Anne Kristin Moeller

BMJ open

2024 Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) e073766

Abstract: Objectives: This study aims to assess risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection by combined design; first comparing positive cases to negative controls as determined by PCR testing and then comparing these two groups to an additional prepandemic population ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: This study aims to assess risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection by combined design; first comparing positive cases to negative controls as determined by PCR testing and then comparing these two groups to an additional prepandemic population control group. Design and setting: Test-negative design (TND), multicentre case-control study with additional population controls in South-Eastern Norway. Participants: Adults who underwent SARS-CoV-2 PCR testing between February and December 2020. PCR-positive cases, PCR-negative controls and additional age-matched population controls. Primary outcome measures: The associations between various risk factors based on self- reported questionnaire and SARS-CoV-2 infection comparing PCR-positive cases and PCR-negative controls. Using subgroup analysis, the risk factors for both PCR-positive and PCR-negative participants were compared with a population control group. Results: In total, 400 PCR-positive cases, 719 PCR-negative controls and 14 509 population controls were included. Male sex was associated with the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection only in the TND study (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.4 to 2.6), but not when PCR-positive cases were compared with population controls (OR 1.2, 95% CI 0.9. to 1.5). Some factors were positively (asthma, wood heating) or negatively (hypertension) associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection when PCR-positive cases were compared with population controls, but lacked convincing association in the TND study. Smoking was negatively associated with the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in both analyses (OR 0.5, 95% CI 0.3 to 0.8 and OR 0.6, 95% CI 0.4 to 0.8). Conclusions: Male sex was a possible risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection only in the TND study, whereas smoking was negatively associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in both the TND study and when using population controls. Several factors were associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection when PCR-positive cases were compared with population controls, but not in the TND study, highlighting the strength of combining case-control study designs during the pandemic.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Male ; COVID-19/diagnosis ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Population Control ; Case-Control Studies ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Risk Factors ; Norway/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2599832-8
ISSN	2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
ISSN (online)	2044-6055
ISSN	2044-6055
DOI	10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073766
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Enlarged lymph nodes plus rash in a man of Mediterranean origin.

Sarjomaa, Marjut / Majak, Bernard / Ludolph, Thomas / Løberg, Magnus

Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny raekke

2019 Volume 139, Issue 6

Title translation	Forstørrede lymfeknuter og utslett hos en mann fra et middelhavsland.
MeSH term(s)	Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/therapeutic use ; Exanthema/etiology ; Exanthema/pathology ; Fatal Outcome ; Herpesvirus 8, Human/isolation & purification ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes/pathology ; Male ; Mediterranean Region/ethnology ; Norway ; Sarcoma, Kaposi/diagnosis ; Sarcoma, Kaposi/drug therapy ; Sarcoma, Kaposi/pathology ; Skin Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Skin Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Skin Neoplasms/pathology ; Stomach Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Stomach Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Stomach Neoplasms/pathology
Chemical Substances	Antibiotics, Antineoplastic
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-03-22
Publishing country	Norway
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	603504-8
ISSN	0807-7096 ; 0029-2001
ISSN (online)	0807-7096
ISSN	0029-2001
DOI	10.4045/tidsskr.18.0514
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Article ; Online: Risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection

Neil Pearce / Svein Arne Nordbø / Chi Zhang / Anne Kristin Moeller Fell / Johny Kongerud / Yngvar Tveten / Jan Vandenbroucke / Randi Eikeland / Harald Reiso / Marjut Sarjomaa / Hege Kersten / Kristine Karlsrud Berg / Carina Thilesen / Ingeborg S Aaberge

BMJ Open, Vol 14, Iss

a test-negative case–control study with additional population controls in Norway

2024 Volume 1

Abstract: Objectives This study aims to assess risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection by combined design; first comparing positive cases to negative controls as determined by PCR testing and then comparing these two groups to an additional prepandemic population ... ...

Abstract	Objectives This study aims to assess risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection by combined design; first comparing positive cases to negative controls as determined by PCR testing and then comparing these two groups to an additional prepandemic population control group.Design and setting Test-negative design (TND), multicentre case–control study with additional population controls in South-Eastern Norway.Participants Adults who underwent SARS-CoV-2 PCR testing between February and December 2020. PCR-positive cases, PCR-negative controls and additional age-matched population controls.Primary outcome measures The associations between various risk factors based on self- reported questionnaire and SARS-CoV-2 infection comparing PCR-positive cases and PCR-negative controls. Using subgroup analysis, the risk factors for both PCR-positive and PCR-negative participants were compared with a population control group.Results In total, 400 PCR-positive cases, 719 PCR-negative controls and 14 509 population controls were included. Male sex was associated with the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection only in the TND study (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.4 to 2.6), but not when PCR-positive cases were compared with population controls (OR 1.2, 95% CI 0.9. to 1.5). Some factors were positively (asthma, wood heating) or negatively (hypertension) associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection when PCR-positive cases were compared with population controls, but lacked convincing association in the TND study. Smoking was negatively associated with the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in both analyses (OR 0.5, 95% CI 0.3 to 0.8 and OR 0.6, 95% CI 0.4 to 0.8).Conclusions Male sex was a possible risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection only in the TND study, whereas smoking was negatively associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in both the TND study and when using population controls. Several factors were associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection when PCR-positive cases were compared with population controls, but not in the TND study, highlighting the strength of combining case–control ...
Keywords	Medicine ; R
Subject code	150
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMJ Publishing Group
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: SARS-CoV-2 antibody persistence after five and twelve months: A cohort study from South-Eastern Norway.

Sarjomaa, Marjut / Diep, Lien My / Zhang, Chi / Tveten, Yngvar / Reiso, Harald / Thilesen, Carina / Nordbø, Svein Arne / Berg, Kristine Karlsrud / Aaberge, Ingeborg / Pearce, Neil / Kersten, Hege / Vandenbroucke, Jan Paul / Eikeland, Randi / Fell, Anne Kristin Møller

PloS one

2022 Volume 17, Issue 8, Page(s) e0264667

Abstract: Objectives: To assess total antibody levels against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus 2 (SARS CoV-2) spike protein up to 12 months after Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) infection in non-vaccinated individuals and the possible predictors of ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: To assess total antibody levels against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus 2 (SARS CoV-2) spike protein up to 12 months after Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) infection in non-vaccinated individuals and the possible predictors of antibody persistence. Methods: This is the first part of a prospective multi-centre cohort study. Participants: The study included SARS-CoV-2 real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) positive and negative participants in South-Eastern Norway from February to December 2020. Possible predictors of SARS-CoV-2 total antibody persistence was assessed. The SARS-CoV-2 total antibody levels against spike protein were measured three to five months after PCR in 391 PCR-positive and 703 PCR-negative participants; 212 PCR-positive participants were included in follow-up measurements at 10 to 12 months. The participants completed a questionnaire including information about symptoms, comorbidities, allergies, body mass index (BMI), and hospitalisation. Primary outcome: The SARS-CoV-2 total antibody levels against spike protein three to five and 10 to 12 months after PCR positive tests. Results: SARS-CoV-2 total antibodies against spike protein were present in 366 (94%) non-vaccinated PCR-positive participants after three to five months, compared with nine (1%) PCR-negative participants. After 10 to 12 months, antibodies were present in 204 (96%) non-vaccinated PCR-positive participants. Of the PCR-positive participants, 369 (94%) were not hospitalised. The mean age of the PCR-positive participants was 48 years (SD 15, range 20-85) and 50% of them were male. BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 was positively associated with decreased antibody levels (OR 2.34, 95% CI 1.06 to 5.42). Participants with higher age and self-reported initial fever with chills or sweating were less likely to have decreased antibody levels (age: OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.94 to 0.99; fever: OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.13 to 0.75). Conclusion: Our results indicate that the level of SARS-CoV-2 total antibodies against spike protein persists for the vast majority of non-vaccinated PCR-positive persons at least 10 to 12 months after mild COVID-19.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antibodies, Viral ; COVID-19 ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Norway ; Prospective Studies ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Viral ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; spike protein, SARS-CoV-2
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0264667
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection: A test-negative case-control study with additional population controls

Sarjomaa, Marjut / Zhang, Chi / Tveten, Yngvar / Kersten, Hege / Reiso, Harald / Eikeland, Randi / Kongerud, Johny / Berg, Kristine Karlsrud / Thilesen, Carina / Nordbo, Svein Arne / Aaberge, Ingeborg / Vandenbroucke, Jan / Pearce, Neil / Fell, Anne Kristin

medRxiv

Abstract: ABSTRACT Objectives: To assess risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection by first comparing positive cases with negative controls as determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing and then comparing these two groups with an additional population ... ...

Abstract	ABSTRACT Objectives: To assess risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection by first comparing positive cases with negative controls as determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing and then comparing these two groups with an additional population control group. Design and setting: Test-negative design (TND), multicentre case-control study with additional population controls in South Eastern Norway. Participants: Adults who underwent SARS-CoV-2 PCR testing between February and December 2020. PCR-positive cases, PCR-negative controls, and additional age-matched population controls. Primary outcome measures: The associations between various risk factors based on self- reported questionnaire and SARS-CoV-2 infection comparing PCR positive cases and PCR- negative controls. Using subgroup analysis, the risk factors were then compared with a population control group. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed. Results: In total, 400 SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive cases, 719 PCR-negative controls, and 14,509 population controls were included. Male sex was associated with the risk of SARS- CoV-2 infection when PCR-positive cases were compared with PCR-negative controls (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.4 to 2.6). Age, education level, comorbidities (asthma, diabetes, hypertension), an exercise were not associated with the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection when PCR-positive cases were compared with PCR-negative controls. In the subgroup analysis comparing PCR- positive cases with age-matched population controls, asthma was associated with the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.1 to 2.1). Daily or occasional smoking was negatively associated with the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in both analyses (OR 0.5, 95% CI 0.3 to 0.8 and OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.35, to 0.82, respectively). Conclusions: Male sex was a possible risk factor, whereas smoking was negatively associated with the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, when comparing PCR-positive cases and PCR- negative controls. Asthma was associated with the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection when PCR- positive cases were compared with population controls.
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-19
Publisher	Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
Document type	Article ; Online
DOI	10.1101/2023.03.15.23287300
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: SARS-CoV-2 antibody persistence after five and twelve months

Marjut Sarjomaa / Lien My Diep / Chi Zhang / Yngvar Tveten / Harald Reiso / Carina Thilesen / Svein Arne Nordbø / Kristine Karlsrud Berg / Ingeborg Aaberge / Neil Pearce / Hege Kersten / Jan Paul Vandenbroucke / Randi Eikeland / Anne Kristin Møller Fell

PLoS ONE, Vol 17, Iss 8, p e

A cohort study from South-Eastern Norway.

2022 Volume 0264667

Abstract: Objectives To assess total antibody levels against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus 2 (SARS CoV-2) spike protein up to 12 months after Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) infection in non-vaccinated individuals and the possible predictors of ... ...

Abstract	Objectives To assess total antibody levels against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus 2 (SARS CoV-2) spike protein up to 12 months after Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) infection in non-vaccinated individuals and the possible predictors of antibody persistence. Methods This is the first part of a prospective multi-centre cohort study. Participants The study included SARS-CoV-2 real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) positive and negative participants in South-Eastern Norway from February to December 2020. Possible predictors of SARS-CoV-2 total antibody persistence was assessed. The SARS-CoV-2 total antibody levels against spike protein were measured three to five months after PCR in 391 PCR-positive and 703 PCR-negative participants; 212 PCR-positive participants were included in follow-up measurements at 10 to 12 months. The participants completed a questionnaire including information about symptoms, comorbidities, allergies, body mass index (BMI), and hospitalisation. Primary outcome The SARS-CoV-2 total antibody levels against spike protein three to five and 10 to 12 months after PCR positive tests. Results SARS-CoV-2 total antibodies against spike protein were present in 366 (94%) non-vaccinated PCR-positive participants after three to five months, compared with nine (1%) PCR-negative participants. After 10 to 12 months, antibodies were present in 204 (96%) non-vaccinated PCR-positive participants. Of the PCR-positive participants, 369 (94%) were not hospitalised. The mean age of the PCR-positive participants was 48 years (SD 15, range 20-85) and 50% of them were male. BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 was positively associated with decreased antibody levels (OR 2.34, 95% CI 1.06 to 5.42). Participants with higher age and self-reported initial fever with chills or sweating were less likely to have decreased antibody levels (age: OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.94 to 0.99; fever: OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.13 to 0.75). Conclusion Our results indicate that the level of SARS-CoV-2 total antibodies against spike protein persists for the ...
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: SARS-CoV-2 antibody persistence after five and twelve months: A cohort study from South-Eastern Norway

medRxiv

Abstract	Objectives: To assess total antibody levels against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus 2 (SARS CoV-2) spike protein up to 12 months after Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) infection in non-vaccinated individuals and the possible predictors of antibody persistence. Methods: This is a prospective multi-centre longitudinal cohort study. Participants The study included SARS-CoV-2 real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) positive and negative participants in South-Eastern Norway from February to December 2020. Possible predictors of SARS-CoV-2 total antibody persistence was assessed. The SARS-CoV-2 total antibody levels against spike protein were measured three to five months after PCR in 391 PCR-positive and 703 PCR-negative participants; 212 PCR-positive participants were included in follow-up measurements at 10 to 12 months. The participants completed a questionnaire including information about symptoms, comorbidities, allergies, body mass index (BMI), and hospitalisation. Primary outcome The SARS-CoV-2 total antibody levels against spike protein three to five and 10 to 12 months after PCR positive tests. Results: SARS-CoV-2 total antibodies against spike protein were present in 366 (94%) non-vaccinated PCR-positive participants after three to five months, compared with nine (1%) PCR-negative participants. After 10 to 12 months, antibodies were present in 204 (96%) non-vaccinated PCR-positive participants. Of the PCR-positive participants, 369 (94%) were not hospitalised. The mean age of the PCR-positive participants was 48 years (SD 15, range 20-85) and 50% of them were male. BMI ≥ 25 kg/m 2 was positively associated with decreased antibody levels (OR 2.34, 95% CI 1.06 to 5.42). Participants with higher age and self-reported initial fever with chills or sweating were less likely to have decreased antibody levels (age: OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.94 to 0.99; fever: OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.13 to 0.75). Conclusion Our results indicate that the level of SARS-CoV-2 total antibodies against spike protein persists for the vast majority of non-vaccinated PCR-positive persons at least 10 to 12 months after mild COVID-19.
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-21
Publisher	Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
Document type	Article ; Online
DOI	10.1101/2022.02.16.22271075
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: Fra tonsillitt til koksitt.

Sarjomaa, Marjut / Liyanarachi, Kristin Vardheim / Brekke, Hanne

Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny raekke

2009 Volume 129, Issue 17, Page(s) 1754–1755

Abstract: We present a 19-year-old woman with a throat infection, increased temperature, a positive mononucleosis monospot test and clinical signs of a lower respiratory tract infection. The diagnosis was thought to be mononucleosis complicated by bacterial ... ...

Title translation	From tonsillitis to coxitis.
Abstract	We present a 19-year-old woman with a throat infection, increased temperature, a positive mononucleosis monospot test and clinical signs of a lower respiratory tract infection. The diagnosis was thought to be mononucleosis complicated by bacterial pneumonia, but she was later found to have Fusobacterium necrophorum in blood cultures. She subsequently developed metastatic abscesses in her lungs and hip joint and was diagnosed with Lemierre's Syndrome. This case report highlights the importance of close links between clinicians and microbiologists in order to prevent morbidity and mortality in patients with an infectious disease.
MeSH term(s)	Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Fusobacterium Infections/diagnosis ; Fusobacterium necrophorum/isolation & purification ; Humans ; Lung Abscess/diagnostic imaging ; Lung Abscess/etiology ; Lung Abscess/microbiology ; Osteoarthritis, Hip/etiology ; Osteoarthritis, Hip/microbiology ; Osteoarthritis, Hip/pathology ; Radiography ; Syndrome ; Tonsillitis/complications ; Tonsillitis/diagnosis ; Tonsillitis/microbiology ; Young Adult
Language	Norwegian
Publishing date	2009-09-10
Publishing country	Norway
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	603504-8
ISSN	0807-7096 ; 0029-2001
ISSN (online)	0807-7096
ISSN	0029-2001
DOI	10.4045/tidsskr.08.0218
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Article ; Online: Hvordan stoppe multiresistente bakterier?

Tveten, Yngvar / Sarjomaa, Marjut Anneli / Skaare, Dagfinn / Grude, Nils / Samuelsen, Ørjan

Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny raekke

2011 Volume 131, Issue 7, Page(s) 698–700

Title translation	How to stop multiresistant bacteria?.
MeSH term(s)	Communicable Disease Control ; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial/genetics ; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/drug therapy ; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/prevention & control ; Humans ; Infection Control ; Norway ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; beta-Lactamases/genetics
Chemical Substances	beta-Lactamases (EC 3.5.2.6)
Language	Norwegian
Publishing date	2011-04-08
Publishing country	Norway
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	603504-8
ISSN	0807-7096 ; 0029-2001
ISSN (online)	0807-7096
ISSN	0029-2001
DOI	10.4045/tidsskr.10.0369
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Article ; Online: Hjerneslag--en studie av klinisk håndtering og forløp.

Hysing, Jan / Sarjomaa, Marjut / Skog, Karina / Lydersen, Stian

Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny raekke

2007 Volume 127, Issue 10, Page(s) 1374–1378

Abstract: Background: Knowledge on how to treat stroke effectively is increasing, but is not always implemented into clinical practice. The aim of this study was to establish the treatment offered, clinical status at discharge and long-term results for stroke ... ...

Title translation	Stroke--a study of clinical management and prognosis.
Abstract	Background: Knowledge on how to treat stroke effectively is increasing, but is not always implemented into clinical practice. The aim of this study was to establish the treatment offered, clinical status at discharge and long-term results for stroke patients admitted to a Norwegian local hospital. Material and methods: 421 patients were treated for stroke at Baerum hospital during the years 1994-1995. Patient history, medication, radiological findings and clinical findings at admission and discharge were recorded in a local register. Data on survival and re-hospitalisation for recurrent stroke were recorded for a period 7 to 9 years after discharge, i.e. until January 2003. Results: Hospital mortality was 17%. 49% were discharged directly to their homes. No antihypertensive treatment was given to 106 (51.6%) of the 206 patients who had hypertension upon discharge. 273 (90%) of the 303 patients discharged after cerebral infarction, were receiving antithrombotic treatment with warfarin or acetylic salicylic acid upon discharge. The most important prognostic factor for survival and functional ability was the patient's age at the time of stroke and next, the stroke's anatomical localization and extent. Interpretation: Registers for follow-up of stroke patients provide valuable information on clinical practice and can form a basis for improved treatment of stroke in the future.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hospital Mortality ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Patient Discharge ; Prognosis ; Recurrence ; Registries ; Risk Factors ; Stroke/drug therapy ; Stroke/mortality ; Stroke Rehabilitation
Language	Norwegian
Publishing date	2007-05-17
Publishing country	Norway
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	603504-8
ISSN	0807-7096 ; 0029-2001
ISSN (online)	0807-7096
ISSN	0029-2001
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