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  1. Article ; Online: Powassan Virus Encephalitis.

    Piantadosi, Anne / Solomon, Isaac H

    Infectious disease clinics of North America

    2022  Volume 36, Issue 3, Page(s) 671–688

    Abstract: Powassan virus is an increasingly recognized cause of severe encephalitis that is transmitted by Ixodes ticks. Given the nonspecific clinical, laboratory, and imaging features of Powassan virus disease, providers should consider it in patients with ... ...

    Abstract Powassan virus is an increasingly recognized cause of severe encephalitis that is transmitted by Ixodes ticks. Given the nonspecific clinical, laboratory, and imaging features of Powassan virus disease, providers should consider it in patients with compatible exposures and request appropriate testing.
    MeSH term(s) Encephalitis Viruses, Tick-Borne ; Encephalitis, Tick-Borne/diagnosis ; Humans
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1077676-x
    ISSN 1557-9824 ; 0891-5520
    ISSN (online) 1557-9824
    ISSN 0891-5520
    DOI 10.1016/j.idc.2022.03.003
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  2. Article ; Online: Molecular and Histologic Diagnosis of Central Nervous System Infections.

    Solomon, Isaac H

    Surgical pathology clinics

    2020  Volume 13, Issue 2, Page(s) 277–289

    Abstract: Infections of the central nervous system cause significant morbidity and mortality in immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals. A wide variety of microorganisms can cause infections, including bacteria, mycobacteria, fungi, viruses, and ... ...

    Abstract Infections of the central nervous system cause significant morbidity and mortality in immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals. A wide variety of microorganisms can cause infections, including bacteria, mycobacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites. Although less invasive testing is preferred, surgical biopsy may be necessary to collect diagnostic tissue. Histologic findings, including special stains and immunohistochemistry, can provide a morphologic diagnosis in many cases, which can be further classified by molecular testing. Correlation of molecular, culture, and other laboratory results with histologic findings is essential for an accurate diagnosis, and to minimize false positives from microbial contamination.
    MeSH term(s) Brain/microbiology ; Brain/parasitology ; Brain/pathology ; Brain/virology ; Central Nervous System Bacterial Infections/diagnosis ; Central Nervous System Bacterial Infections/pathology ; Central Nervous System Fungal Infections/diagnosis ; Central Nervous System Fungal Infections/pathology ; Central Nervous System Infections/diagnosis ; Central Nervous System Infections/pathology ; Central Nervous System Parasitic Infections/diagnosis ; Central Nervous System Parasitic Infections/pathology ; Central Nervous System Viral Diseases/diagnosis ; Central Nervous System Viral Diseases/pathology ; Humans ; Tuberculosis, Central Nervous System/diagnosis ; Tuberculosis, Central Nervous System/pathology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 1875-9157
    ISSN (online) 1875-9157
    DOI 10.1016/j.path.2020.01.001
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  3. Article ; Online: Cognition-associated long noncoding RNAs are dysregulated upon severe COVID-19.

    Lee, Jonathan D / Solomon, Isaac H / Slack, Frank J / Mavrikaki, Maria

    Frontiers in immunology

    2024  Volume 15, Page(s) 1290523

    Abstract: Severe COVID-19 leads to widespread transcriptomic changes in the human brain, mimicking diminished cognitive performance. As long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in the regulation of gene expression, identification of the lncRNAs ... ...

    Abstract Severe COVID-19 leads to widespread transcriptomic changes in the human brain, mimicking diminished cognitive performance. As long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in the regulation of gene expression, identification of the lncRNAs differentially expressed upon COVID-19 may nominate key regulatory nodes underpinning cognitive changes. Here we identify hundreds of lncRNAs differentially expressed in the brains of COVID-19 patients relative to uninfected age/sex-matched controls, many of which are associated with decreased cognitive performance and inflammatory cytokine response. Our analyses reveal pervasive transcriptomic changes in lncRNA expression upon severe COVID-19, which may serve as key regulators of neurocognitive changes in the brain.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics ; RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism ; COVID-19/genetics ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Cytokines/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/genetics
    Chemical Substances RNA, Long Noncoding ; Cytokines ; RNA, Messenger
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-12
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2606827-8
    ISSN 1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
    ISSN (online) 1664-3224
    ISSN 1664-3224
    DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1290523
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  4. Article ; Online: Diagnostic yield of postmortem brain examination following premortem brain biopsy for neoplastic and nonneoplastic disease.

    MacRae, Cassie B / Grieco, Kristina C / Solomon, Isaac H

    Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology

    2024  Volume 83, Issue 5, Page(s) 331–337

    Abstract: Medical autopsies have decreased in frequency due in part to advances in radiological techniques and increased availability of molecular and other ancillary testing. However, premortem diagnosis of CNS disease remains challenging; while ∼90% of brain ... ...

    Abstract Medical autopsies have decreased in frequency due in part to advances in radiological techniques and increased availability of molecular and other ancillary testing. However, premortem diagnosis of CNS disease remains challenging; while ∼90% of brain tumor biopsies are diagnostic, only 20%-70% of biopsies for presumed nonneoplastic disease result in a specific diagnosis. The added benefits of performing an autopsy following surgical brain biopsy are not well defined. A retrospective analysis was performed of patients who underwent brain biopsy and autopsy at Brigham and Women's Hospital from 2003 to 2022. A total of 135 cases were identified, including 95 (70%) patients with primary CNS neoplasms, 16 (12%) with metastatic tumors, and 24 (18%) with nonneoplastic neurological disease. Diagnostic concordance between biopsy and autopsy diagnosis was excellent both for primary CNS neoplasms (98%) and metastatic tumors (94%). Conversely, patients with nonneoplastic disease received definitive premortem diagnoses in 7/24 (29%) cases. Five (21%) additional patients received conclusive diagnoses following autopsy; 8 (33%) received a more specific differential diagnosis compared to the biopsy. Overall, autopsy confirmed premortem diagnoses or provided new diagnostic information in 131/135 (97%) cases, highlighting the value in performing postmortem brain examination in patients with both neoplastic and nonneoplastic diseases.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Female ; Retrospective Studies ; Autopsy ; Brain ; Biopsy ; Brain Neoplasms/diagnosis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 3088-0
    ISSN 1554-6578 ; 0022-3069
    ISSN (online) 1554-6578
    ISSN 0022-3069
    DOI 10.1093/jnen/nlae025
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  5. Article ; Online: Photo Quiz: Sudden Death.

    Solomon, Isaac H / Padera, Robert F

    Journal of clinical microbiology

    2020  Volume 58, Issue 8

    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 390499-4
    ISSN 1098-660X ; 0095-1137
    ISSN (online) 1098-660X
    ISSN 0095-1137
    DOI 10.1128/JCM.01107-20
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  6. Article ; Online: Cerebrospinal fluid metagenomics has greatest added value as a test for Powassan virus among patients in New England with suspected central nervous system infection.

    Klontz, Erik H / Solomon, Isaac H / Turbett, Sarah E / Lemieux, Jacob E / Branda, John A

    Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease

    2024  Volume 108, Issue 4, Page(s) 116169

    Abstract: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) metagenomic next generation sequencing (mNGS) can detect diverse pathogens in patients with central nervous system infection. Due to its high cost and unclear clinical utility, it is typically reserved for patients with ... ...

    Abstract Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) metagenomic next generation sequencing (mNGS) can detect diverse pathogens in patients with central nervous system infection. Due to its high cost and unclear clinical utility, it is typically reserved for patients with unrevealing routine workups. A multi-center retrospective analysis of real-world CSF mNGS was performed involving orders between 2017 and 2022 at a large New England healthcare system. CSF mNGS was performed 64 times with 17 positive results (27 %). In 11/17 positive samples (65 %), the infectious agent had not been previously detected using routine methods. Arboviruses (n = 8) were the most frequently detected agents, particularly Powassan virus (n = 6). Results changed therapy in 3/64 cases (5 %). Positive results were associated with immunodeficiency (p = 0.06), especially anti-B-cell therapy (p = 0.02), and earlier sample collection (p = 0.06). The association with compromised humoral immunity was stronger in the arbovirus and Powassan virus subgroups (p = 0.001), whose constituents were older than the overall cohort and had higher mortality rates.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Central Nervous System Infections ; Encephalitis Viruses, Tick-Borne ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Metagenomics/methods ; New England ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Multicenter Study
    ZDB-ID 604920-5
    ISSN 1879-0070 ; 0732-8893
    ISSN (online) 1879-0070
    ISSN 0732-8893
    DOI 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2023.116169
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  7. Article ; Online: Answer to August 2020 Photo Quiz.

    Solomon, Isaac H / Padera, Robert F

    Journal of clinical microbiology

    2020  Volume 58, Issue 8

    MeSH term(s) Coronavirus Infections ; Humans ; Pneumonia, Viral
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 390499-4
    ISSN 1098-660X ; 0095-1137
    ISSN (online) 1098-660X
    ISSN 0095-1137
    DOI 10.1128/JCM.01108-20
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  8. Article ; Online: What Can We Still Learn from Brain Autopsies in COVID-19?

    Solomon, Isaac H / Singh, Arjun / Folkerth, Rebecca D / Mukerji, Shibani S

    Seminars in neurology

    2023  Volume 43, Issue 2, Page(s) 195–204

    Abstract: Neuropathological findings have been published from ∼900 patients who died with or from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections, representing less than 0.01% of the close to 6.4 million deaths reported to the World Health ... ...

    Abstract Neuropathological findings have been published from ∼900 patients who died with or from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections, representing less than 0.01% of the close to 6.4 million deaths reported to the World Health Organization 2 years into the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. In this review, we extend our prior work summarizing COVID-19 neuropathology by including information on published autopsies up to June 2022, and neuropathological studies in children, COVID-19 variants, secondary brain infections,
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; COVID-19/pathology ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Autopsy ; Brain/pathology ; Brain Neoplasms/pathology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Review ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 603165-1
    ISSN 1098-9021 ; 0271-8235
    ISSN (online) 1098-9021
    ISSN 0271-8235
    DOI 10.1055/s-0043-1767716
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  9. Article ; Online: Teaching Infectious Disease Pathology and Taking it To Africa.

    Pyden, Alexander / Rugwizangoga, Belson / Solomon, Isaac H / Laga, Alvaro C

    Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc

    2023  Volume 36, Issue 5, Page(s) 100168

    Abstract: With the advent of increasing emerging infectious diseases, rising antibiotic resistance, and the growing number of immunocompromised patients, there is increasing demand for infectious disease (ID) pathology expertise and microbiology testing. Currently, ...

    Abstract With the advent of increasing emerging infectious diseases, rising antibiotic resistance, and the growing number of immunocompromised patients, there is increasing demand for infectious disease (ID) pathology expertise and microbiology testing. Currently, ID pathology training and emerging molecular microbiology techniques (eg, metagenomic next-generation sequencing and whole genome sequencing) are not included in the most American Council of Graduate Medical Education medical microbiology fellowship curricula, and not surprisingly, many institutions lack anatomical pathologists with expertise in ID pathology and advanced molecular diagnostics. In this article, we describe the curriculum and structure of the Franz von Lichtenberg Fellowship in Infectious Disease and Molecular Microbiology at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston, MA. We emphasize the value of a training model that strives to integrate anatomical pathology, clinical pathology, and molecular pathology by providing examples in a case-based format and presenting selected metrics of the potential effect of such integrative ID pathology service and briefly describing opportunities and challenges of our global health efforts in Rwanda.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Female ; United States ; Communicable Diseases ; Curriculum ; Education, Medical, Graduate/methods ; Pathology, Clinical ; Africa ; Pathology/education
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 645073-8
    ISSN 1530-0285 ; 0893-3952
    ISSN (online) 1530-0285
    ISSN 0893-3952
    DOI 10.1016/j.modpat.2023.100168
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  10. Article ; Online: Author Response: Skeletal Muscle and Peripheral Nerve Histopathology in COVID-19.

    Solomon, Isaac H / Amato, Anthony A / Suh, Joome

    Neurology

    2021  Volume 97, Issue 18, Page(s) 882

    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; Humans ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Peripheral Nerves ; SARS-CoV-2
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 207147-2
    ISSN 1526-632X ; 0028-3878
    ISSN (online) 1526-632X
    ISSN 0028-3878
    DOI 10.1212/WNL.0000000000012791
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