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  1. Article ; Online: Partial trailside Japanese barberry (Ranunculales: Berberidaceae) removal did not reduce the abundance of questing blacklegged ticks (Acari: Ixodidae).

    Elias, Susan P / Rand, Peter W / Lubelczyk, Charles B / McVety, Melanie R / Smith, Robert P

    Environmental entomology

    2024  

    Abstract: In a nature reserve in southern Maine, we removed invasive Japanese barberry (Berberis thunbergii de Candolle) along sections of forested recreational trails that ran through dense barberry infestations. Barberry thickets provide questing substrate and a ...

    Abstract In a nature reserve in southern Maine, we removed invasive Japanese barberry (Berberis thunbergii de Candolle) along sections of forested recreational trails that ran through dense barberry infestations. Barberry thickets provide questing substrate and a protective microclimate for blacklegged ticks (Ixodes scapularis Say), and trail users could brush up against encroaching barberry and acquire ticks. Trailside barberry removal will reduce or eliminate encroaching tick questing substrate and could reduce trailside questing tick abundance by creating a microclimate more hostile to ticks. The same-day cut-and-spray treatment comprised mechanical cutting of barberry clumps (individual plants with numerous ramets) followed immediately by targeted herbicide application to the resulting root crowns. The treatment created trail shoulders to a lateral width of 1-2 m on both sides of 100-m trail sections, with initial treatment in the fall of 2013 and one retreatment in the summer of 2014. Our aim was to remove 90% of barberry clumps to achieve a 50% or better reduction in questing tick abundance on trail shoulders. However, by the fall of 2015, there were only 41% fewer barberry clumps on treated vs. untreated trail sections and there was no reduction in either adults or nymphs. We concluded that our barberry treatment protocol was not sufficiently aggressive since the resulting ecotone habitat on trail shoulders proved suitable for questing I. scapularis. In principle, cutting back barberry along trails should reduce trail user contact with questing deer ticks, but we were unable to demonstrate a reduction in trailside tick abundance.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-16
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 120799-4
    ISSN 1938-2936 ; 0046-2268 ; 0046-225X
    ISSN (online) 1938-2936
    ISSN 0046-2268 ; 0046-225X
    DOI 10.1093/ee/nvae012
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Proprioception deficits in chronic stroke-Upper extremity function and daily living.

    Rand, Debbie

    PloS one

    2018  Volume 13, Issue 3, Page(s) e0195043

    Abstract: ... significant (p<.001) correlations were found between the severity of proprioception deficits to the motor ... ability (FMA) (r = -.41), functional ability (ARAT) (r = -.48), dexterity (BBT) (r = -.43), grip strength ... r = -.41) and daily-use (MAL amount and quality) (r = -.55 and r = -.54, respectively ...

    Abstract Background: Proprioception deficits are common post-stroke and predict poor functional outcome. It is unknown if the presence of proprioception deficits is negatively associated with the motor and functional ability of the affected upper extremity and daily living at the chronic stage post-stroke.
    Aims: 1) To describe proprioception deficits of individuals with chronic stroke, 2) to correlate the severity of proprioception deficits with the motor and functional ability of the upper extremity, and 3) to compare independence in basic and instrumental activities in daily living (BADL, IADL), upper extremity motor and functional abilities between individuals with and without proprioception deficits.
    Methods: 102 adults aged 29-85 years with chronic stroke participated in this cross sectional study. The upper extremity was assessed for proprioception (Thumb localization Test), motor [Fugl-Meyer Motor Assessment (FMA)] and functional ability [Action Research Arm Test (ARAT), Box and Block Test (BBT)], grip strength and daily use [Motor Activity Log (MAL)]. Independence in BADL and IADL was also assessed.
    Results: 71 participants had intact proprioception, 31 participants had mild-moderate proprioception deficits. Negative significant (p<.001) correlations were found between the severity of proprioception deficits to the motor ability (FMA) (r = -.41), functional ability (ARAT) (r = -.48), dexterity (BBT) (r = -.43), grip strength (r = -.41) and daily-use (MAL amount and quality) (r = -.55 and r = -.54, respectively) of the affected upper extremity. Significant between-group differences were found for BADL, IADL and upper extremity measures.
    Conclusion: Proprioception deficits of individuals with chronic stroke are negatively associated with upper extremity motor and functional abilities and independence in daily living. Therefore, proprioception should be assessed at the chronic stage post-stroke.
    MeSH term(s) Activities of Daily Living ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Chronic Disease ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Proprioception ; Stroke/physiopathology ; Upper Extremity/physiopathology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0195043
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: The Impact of Lethal, Enforcement-Centred Cat Management on Human Wellbeing: Exploring Lived Experiences of Cat Carers Affected by Cat Culling at the Port of Newcastle.

    Scotney, Rebekah / Rand, Jacquie / Rohlf, Vanessa / Hayward, Andrea / Bennett, Pauleen

    Animals : an open access journal from MDPI

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 2

    Abstract: In urban and peri-urban areas of the world, free-roaming cats often pose management challenges for authorities. Most are wandering owned or semi-owned cats (fed by people who do not perceive ownership). Some are lost or abandoned, or unowned cats who ... ...

    Abstract In urban and peri-urban areas of the world, free-roaming cats often pose management challenges for authorities. Most are wandering owned or semi-owned cats (fed by people who do not perceive ownership). Some are lost or abandoned, or unowned cats who obtain food from humans unintentionally. Unidentified cats are classified as "stray" in shelter data, and by government agencies as "stray" or "feral" based on their behaviour. However, legally feral cats are usually considered to live and reproduce in the wild with no support from humans. Cats classified as feral in Australia can be managed using lethal methods, including shooting, poisoning, trapping, and blunt trauma. The impact of killing animals on shelter staff is well documented. However, no previous research has investigated psychological impacts of lethal cat management on citizens who care for free-roaming cats. Using semi-structured interviews, this study explored the lived experience of six cat caregivers affected by lethal management of cats by shooting, instigated by the Port of Newcastle in 2020. Results demonstrated strong relationships between the caregivers and cats, and negative impacts on caregiver psychological health and quality of life associated with lethal management. It is recommended that a care-centred approach to cat management be prioritized in future, whereby authorities aid neutering and, if possible, adoption, to improve cat welfare, minimize cat nuisance complaints, and reduce psychological hazards to caregivers. Further, a revision of relevant legislation used to distinguish between domestic and feral cats in Australia should be actioned to prevent unnecessary killing of domestic cats.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-12
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2606558-7
    ISSN 2076-2615
    ISSN 2076-2615
    DOI 10.3390/ani13020271
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Solutions-Based Approach to Urban Cat Management-Case Studies of a One Welfare Approach to Urban Cat Management.

    Crawford, Caitlin / Rand, Jacquie / Rohlf, Vanessa / Scotney, Rebekah / Bennett, Pauleen

    Animals : an open access journal from MDPI

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 21

    Abstract: Urban free-roaming cats create concern about their impacts on wildlife and human health, leading to the use of trap-adopt-kill methods to manage these populations. This method is ineffective at decreasing the free-roaming cat population and has a ... ...

    Abstract Urban free-roaming cats create concern about their impacts on wildlife and human health, leading to the use of trap-adopt-kill methods to manage these populations. This method is ineffective at decreasing the free-roaming cat population and has a negative impact on cat caregivers' well-being. Using semi-structured interviews, this study explored the relationship that semi-owners (people who feed cats but do not perceive ownership) and owners of multiple cats have with the cats they care for, and the social and psychological impacts of an alternative assistive-centered approach to urban cat management. This approach to semi-owned and owned cats provided free sterilization and preventative healthcare. Our findings demonstrate that the caregivers had a strong emotional bond with the cats they cared for. The caregivers also experienced a positive impact on their quality of life, and indicated an improvement in the cats' welfare after having the cats sterilized through this program. Additionally, the cat caregivers indicated that they had a negative view of agencies, such as the municipal council. It is recommended that an assistive-centered approach to urban cat management be prioritized by local councils and welfare agencies to improve caregivers' quality of life and psychological well-being, whilst also improving cat welfare. The implementation of this assistive-centered management approach could improve the relationship between communities and the agencies involved, leading to the continuous reporting of free-roaming cats for sterilization. This assistive-centered approach has the potential to reduce the free-roaming cat population, their effects on wildlife, nuisance complaints, and council impoundments, and is aligned with the One Welfare philosophy.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-05
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2606558-7
    ISSN 2076-2615
    ISSN 2076-2615
    DOI 10.3390/ani13213423
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: The 2 min step test: A reliable and valid measure of functional capacity in older adults post coronary revascularisation.

    Chow, Jaclyn Jie Ling / Fitzgerald, Claire / Rand, Sarah

    Physiotherapy research international : the journal for researchers and clinicians in physical therapy

    2022  Volume 28, Issue 2, Page(s) e1984

    Abstract: ... correlations were found between steps achieved during the 2MSTs and the 6MWD (r = 0.87, 95% CI 0.82-0.91, p < 0 ... 1.000, p = 0.000). Excellent relative test-retest reliability was demonstrated in both 2MSTs ... recorded by both raters (ICC = 0.927-0.934, p = 0.000). However, absolute test-retest reliability may have ...

    Abstract Purpose: Exercise training is the central component in Cardiac Rehabilitation (CR). A baseline assessment of aerobic capacity is paramount for exercise prescription and safety. The Two-Minute Step Test (2MST) has been used to measure aerobic capacity in healthy older adults. However, the reliability and validity of the 2MST in older adults post-coronary revascularisation (CRV) is unknown.
    Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in a single CR centre. Two 2MSTs and one six-minute walk test (6MWT) were completed in a single session. The 2MST measurements were recorded by two raters for each individual. The six-minute walk distance (6MWD) and 2MST steps recorded by both raters were analysed to determine the relationship and agreement between measurements.
    Results: Thirty one participants with a median (IQR) age of 66 (62,73) years old were included in the study post CRV. Strong positive correlations were found between steps achieved during the 2MSTs and the 6MWD (r = 0.87, 95% CI 0.82-0.91, p < 0.0001). Excellent inter-rater reliability was demonstrated between raters during the 2MSTs (ICC = 0.999-1.000, p = 0.000). Excellent relative test-retest reliability was demonstrated in both 2MSTs recorded by both raters (ICC = 0.927-0.934, p = 0.000). However, absolute test-retest reliability may have been limited by a learning effect between repeated 2MSTs.
    Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that the 2MST may be used as an alternative to the 6MWT as an outcome measure for aerobic capacity in older adults post-CRV. However, a practice trial is recommended at baseline to account for a learning effect.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Aged ; Exercise Test/methods ; Reproducibility of Results ; Walk Test/methods ; Cardiac Rehabilitation ; Prospective Studies ; Walking
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Observational Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1432038-1
    ISSN 1471-2865 ; 1358-2267
    ISSN (online) 1471-2865
    ISSN 1358-2267
    DOI 10.1002/pri.1984
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Editorial

    Jeferson M. Lourenco / P. Rand Broadway / Todd R. Callaway

    Frontiers in Animal Science, Vol

    The Relationship of Animal Health and Management to Food Safety

    2022  Volume 3

    Keywords one health ; salmonella ; food safety ; animal health ; antimicrobial resistance ; Veterinary medicine ; SF600-1100
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: The Advantages of Combined Regional and General Anesthesia in Ophthalmic Surgery in Children

    Rand Saadi Abdul-Sattar / Ali Hadi Al-Maini

    مجلة كلية الطب, Vol 65, Iss

    2023  Volume 3

    Abstract: ... lower in the GA group than in the GA-R group (p<0.05). Compared to the GA group, the GA-R group had ... general anesthesia) and GA-R (general anesthesia-regional anesthesia). Heart rates, mean arterial blood pressure ... was done using SPSS V26, with a P value of <0.05 considered significant. Results: None of the patients ...

    Abstract Background: Regional anesthesia is a common procedure in an adult patient undergoing ophthalmic surgery, but it cannot be done alone in the pediatric age group. General anesthesia is accompanied by complications intra- and post-operatively. Objectives: to determine whether or not using regional anesthesia in combination with general anesthesia in pediatric eye procedures improves patient outcomes. Methods: Forty children, with an age range of 6 - 12 years were included in the study that was conducted at Ghazi Al-Hariri Hospital / Department of Ophthalmology and Ibn Al-Haytham (Ophthalmology Hospital), both teaching hospitals, from December 2018 to October 2019. These children were allocated into one of two groups: GA (general anesthesia) and GA-R (general anesthesia-regional anesthesia). Heart rates, mean arterial blood pressure, oculo-cardiac reaction, and postoperative nausea and vomiting were measured. All required approvals were obtained from the scientific committee of the Iraqi Board for Medical Specializations. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS V26, with a P value of <0.05 considered significant. Results: None of the patients developed oculo-cardiac reactions or needed additives to the anesthesia given during surgery in the GA-R compared to the GA group. Intra-operative measurements of heart rates and mean arterial blood pressure were lower in the GA group than in the GA-R group (p<0.05). Compared to the GA group, the GA-R group had a lower incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (p<0.05). More patients in the GA group needed analgesia than in the GA-R group. Conclusion: Using regional anesthesia as a peribulbar block with general anesthesia is a safe and successful procedure in pediatric ocular surgeries. Received:Feb. 2023 Accepted: Sept. 2023 Published: Oct. 2023
    Keywords Ophthalmic Anesthesia ; Peribulbar block ; Oculocardiac Reflex ; Regional Anesthesia ; General Anesthesia ; Medicine ; R ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Faculty of Medicine University of Baghdad
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: Functional and Cognitive Occupational Therapy (FaC o T) Improves Self-Efficacy and Behavioral–Emotional Status of Individuals with Mild Stroke; Analysis of Secondary Outcomes

    Tal Adamit / Jeffrey Shames / Debbie Rand

    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 20, Iss 5052, p

    2023  Volume 5052

    Abstract: Background: Mild stroke is characterized by subtle impairments, such as low self-efficacy and emotional and behavioral symptoms, which restrict daily living. Functional and Cognitive Occupational Therapy (FaC o T) is a novel intervention, developed for ... ...

    Abstract Background: Mild stroke is characterized by subtle impairments, such as low self-efficacy and emotional and behavioral symptoms, which restrict daily living. Functional and Cognitive Occupational Therapy (FaC o T) is a novel intervention, developed for individuals with mild stroke. Objectives: To examine the effectiveness of FaC o T compared to a control group to improve self-efficacy, behavior, and emotional status (secondary outcome measures). Material and Methods: Community-dwelling individuals with mild stroke participated in a single-blind randomized controlled trial with assessments at pre, post, and 3-month follow-up. FaC o T included 10 weekly individual sessions practicing cognitive and behavioral strategies. The control group received standard care. The New General Self-Efficacy Scale assessed self-efficacy; the Geriatric Depression Scale assessed depressive symptoms; the Dysexecutive Questionnaire assessed behavior and emotional status; and the ‘perception of self’ subscale from the Reintegration to Normal Living Index assessed participation. Results: Sixty-six participants were randomized to FaC o T (n = 33, mean (SD) age 64.6 (8.2)) and to the control (n = 33, age 64.4 (10.8)). Self-efficacy, depression, behavior, and emotional status improved significantly over time in the FaC o T group compared with the control, with small to large effect size values. Conclusion: The efficacy of FaC o T was established. FaC o T should be considered for community-dwelling individuals with mild stroke.
    Keywords self-efficacy ; mood ; rehabilitation ; participation ; mild stroke ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 150
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Diabetes risk status and meeting the US physical activity recommendations in reproductive-aged women: 2011, 2013, 2015 and 2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System.

    Rand, Bethany G / Ehrlich, Samantha F / Johnson, Tammie M / Churilla, James R

    Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association

    2022  Volume 39, Issue 8, Page(s) e14889

    Abstract: ... MSA (p = 0.10), both (p = 0.07) and neither recommendation (p = 0.005), but not for AA ... 95% CI 1.00, 1.29], p = 0.06].: Conclusion: Reproductive-aged women with previous GD or recognized ...

    Abstract Background: Women at increased risk for type 2 diabetes, due to recognized prediabetes (PD) or previous gestational diabetes (GD), stand to benefit from meeting U.S. physical activity (PA) recommendations. This study examined the association of diabetes risk status with meeting aerobic activity (AA), muscle strengthening activity (MSA) and both recommendations.
    Methods: Non-pregnant women, 18-44, free of recognized diabetes, who participated in the 2011, 2013, 2015, or 2017 U.S. Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey (N = 211,114) were categorized as no diabetes (ND; n = 202,766, referent) versus at-risk for diabetes (RD; n = 8348). Logistic regression models generated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs), adjusted for demographics and BMI. Tests for multiplicative interactions were performed for BMI category and race and ethnicity.
    Results: There were lower odds of meeting AA, MSA and both recommendations in the RD group (referent = ND; OR 0.95 [5% CI 0.78, 0.97], 0.83 [95% CI 0.91, 0.98] and 0.87 [95% CI 0.78, 0.97], respectively). Effect modification by BMI category was detected for models assessing MSA (p = 0.10), both (p = 0.07) and neither recommendation (p = 0.005), but not for AA. Among those with a BMI in the healthy and overweight groups, RD had decreased odds of meeting MSA recommendations (referent = ND; 0.69 [95% CI 0.58, 0.81] and 0.78 [95% CI 0.65, 0.93], respectively); among the healthy BMI, RD had 24% decreased odds of meeting both recommendations (referent = ND; 95% CI 0.63, 0.91). There was no difference in meeting PA recommendations among groups in the obese category, but the increased odds of meeting the AA recommendation among the RD group were approaching significance (referent = ND; [95% CI 1.00, 1.29], p = 0.06].
    Conclusion: Reproductive-aged women with previous GD or recognized PD stand to benefit from increasing PA, especially MSA, the least often met recommendation.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology ; Diabetes, Gestational/epidemiology ; Exercise/physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Obesity/epidemiology ; Overweight ; Prediabetic State/epidemiology ; Prediabetic State/therapy ; Pregnancy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 605769-x
    ISSN 1464-5491 ; 0742-3071 ; 1466-5468
    ISSN (online) 1464-5491
    ISSN 0742-3071 ; 1466-5468
    DOI 10.1111/dme.14889
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Characterizing the cirri and gut microbiomes of the intertidal barnacle Semibalanus balanoides.

    Brown, Bianca R P / Nunez, Joaquin C B / Rand, David M

    Animal microbiome

    2020  Volume 2, Issue 1, Page(s) 41

    Abstract: Background: Natural populations inhabiting the rocky intertidal experience multiple ecological stressors and provide an opportunity to investigate how environmental differences influence microbiomes over small geographical scales. However, very few ... ...

    Abstract Background: Natural populations inhabiting the rocky intertidal experience multiple ecological stressors and provide an opportunity to investigate how environmental differences influence microbiomes over small geographical scales. However, very few microbiome studies focus on animals that inhabit the intertidal. In this study, we investigate the microbiome of the intertidal barnacle Semibalanus balanoides. We first describe the microbiome of two body tissues: the feeding appendages, or cirri, and the gut. Next, we examine whether there are differences between the microbiome of each body tissue of barnacles collected from the thermally extreme microhabitats of the rocky shores' upper and lower tidal zones.
    Results: Overall, the microbiome of S. balanoides consisted of 18 phyla from 408 genera. Our results showed that although cirri and gut microbiomes shared a portion of their amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), the microbiome of each body tissue was distinct. Over 80% of the ASVs found in the cirri were also found in the gut, and 44% of the ASVs found in the gut were also found in the cirri. Notably, the gut microbiome was not a subset of the cirri microbiome. Additionally, we identified that the cirri microbiome was responsive to microhabitat differences.
    Conclusion: Results from this study indicate that S. balanoides maintains distinct microbiomes in its cirri and gut tissues, and that the gut microbiome is more stable than the cirri microbiome between the extremes of the intertidal.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-13
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2524-4671
    ISSN (online) 2524-4671
    DOI 10.1186/s42523-020-00058-0
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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