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  1. Article ; Online: Reply to: Probiotics for the Prevention of COVID-19 Sequelae.

    Kurian, Shilia Jacob / Miraj, Sonal Sekhar

    Archives of medical research

    2022  Volume 53, Issue 6, Page(s) 644

    MeSH term(s) COVID-19/prevention & control ; Disease Progression ; Humans ; Probiotics/therapeutic use ; SARS-CoV-2
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 1156844-6
    ISSN 1873-5487 ; 0188-4409 ; 0188-0128
    ISSN (online) 1873-5487
    ISSN 0188-4409 ; 0188-0128
    DOI 10.1016/j.arcmed.2022.08.005
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Nutritional status in patients with tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus: A comparative observational study.

    Girishbhai Patel, Divya / Baral, Tejaswini / Jacob Kurian, Shilia / Malakapogu, Pravachana / Saravu, Kavitha / Sekhar Miraj, Sonal

    Journal of clinical tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases

    2024  Volume 35, Page(s) 100428

    Abstract: Background: India has been estimated to have 14 % of malnourished population and a high TB incidence burden with a 26.9 lakh cases. Malnutrition and diabetes mellitus are major risk factors for tuberculosis infection. Malnutrition in patients with both ... ...

    Abstract Background: India has been estimated to have 14 % of malnourished population and a high TB incidence burden with a 26.9 lakh cases. Malnutrition and diabetes mellitus are major risk factors for tuberculosis infection. Malnutrition in patients with both tuberculosis and diabetes (TB-DM) population worsens the disease severity, treatment outcomes and increases morbidity and mortality risk.
    Objective: To assess the nutritional status in patients with TB-DM compared with patients with TB and DM alone.
    Method: Records from January 2016 to November 2020 for patients admitted to Kasturba Hospital, Manipal were assessed. Data pertaining to glycemic parameters, nutritional parameters, and other relevant laboratory parameters were extracted for assessment. The study population were divided into three groups i.e. patients with TB-DM, TB and DM. The statistical association was carried out with one-way ANOVA method, considering p < 0.05 as statistically significant.
    Results: A total of 291 patients were included, with 97 patients in each group; among those, male and female were 86.27 % and 13.73 % respectively. Cardiovascular co-morbidity was predominant in the DM (68.04 %) and TB-DM (26.8 %) group. The mean value of HbA1c (10.47 %) was found to be highest for the TB-DM group. Low levels of albumin were reported by 71.91 % of patients of the TB group, whereas 73.68 % patients in TB-DM group had vitamin D deficiency. Moreover, higher prevalence of low MCV and MCH in the TB-DM group suggest an increased risk of iron-deficiency anemia.
    Conclusion: The findings of our study reflect the need for implementation of nutritional support in patients with TB-DM.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2405-5794
    ISSN (online) 2405-5794
    DOI 10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100428
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Cholecalciferol Exhibits no Antibacterial Effect on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli: an in-vitro Study.

    Kurian, Shilia Jacob / Biswas, Avirup / Kulavalli, Shrivathsa / Aranjani, Jesil Mathew / Pattanaik, Amrita / Munisamy, Murali / Saravu, Kavitha / Rodrigues, Gabriel Sunil / Miraj, Sonal Sekhar

    Recent advances in anti-infective drug discovery

    2024  

    Abstract: Background: The pleiotropic effect of cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) has gained significant momentum and has been explored widely.: Objectives: The study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial effect of cholecalciferol against S. aureus and E. coli.: ...

    Abstract Background: The pleiotropic effect of cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) has gained significant momentum and has been explored widely.
    Objectives: The study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial effect of cholecalciferol against S. aureus and E. coli.
    Methods: An in-vitro study was performed for the antimicrobial effect of cholecalciferol against S. aureus and E. coli. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined following the broth microdilution method.
    Results: The MIC value of cholecalciferol against both S. aureus and E. coli was 0.312 mg/ml, and the MBC for both organisms was 1.25 mg/ml. However, we also observed a significant antimicrobial effect in the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) control at 12.5% (v/v). Therefore, the observed antimicrobial effect may be attributed to DMSO, indicating cholecalciferol does not directly inhibit S. aureus and E. coli.
    Conclusion: This study indicates that cholecalciferol does not directly inhibit S. aureus and E. coli. Hence, we suggest exploring the antibacterial properties of other vitamin D analogs, such as calcitriol or its synergetic effect with other antimicrobial agents.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-24
    Publishing country United Arab Emirates
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2772-4352
    ISSN (online) 2772-4352
    DOI 10.2174/0127724344277290231211051800
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Cefepime-induced Neurotoxicity: A Retrospective Cohort Study in a South-Indian Tertiary Healthcare Facility.

    Alijani, Erfan / Miraj, Sonal Sekhar / Kurian, Shilia Jacob / Rao, Mahadev / Saravu, Kavitha

    Current drug safety

    2022  Volume 18, Issue 1, Page(s) 69–78

    Abstract: Background: Cefepime is a fourth-generation cephalosporin with a broad spectrum coverage and anti-pseudomonal activity. The safety profile of cefepime was relatively favourable until neurotoxicity was first reported in 1999. Despite cefepime-induced ... ...

    Abstract Background: Cefepime is a fourth-generation cephalosporin with a broad spectrum coverage and anti-pseudomonal activity. The safety profile of cefepime was relatively favourable until neurotoxicity was first reported in 1999. Despite cefepime-induced neurotoxicity (CIN), it continues to be a principal part of parenteral treatment for various infections.
    Objective: The study aimed to determine the incidence and risk factors for CIN compared to other antibiotics.
    Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted involving 738 patients over eight months in Kasturba Medical College and Hospital, Manipal, India. Patients with cefepime were selected as study cohort (SC; n= 496), and other antibiotics were included in the reference cohort (RC; n=242).
    Results: The results showed that 53 (10.7%) patients developed neurotoxicity in the SC, whereas 12 (5%) patients in the RC. A significant association was found between neurotoxicity and cefepime use (X
    Conclusion: The study found a higher incidence of CIN compared to other antibiotics-induced neurotoxicity and a harmful association between cefepime use and CIN development. Besides, renal failure is a risk factor for CIN. Therefore, the study warrants the use of cefepime, where no other alternatives are available.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Cefepime/adverse effects ; Cephalosporins/adverse effects ; Retrospective Studies ; Tertiary Healthcare ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/adverse effects ; Neurotoxicity Syndromes/diagnosis ; Neurotoxicity Syndromes/epidemiology ; Neurotoxicity Syndromes/etiology ; Renal Insufficiency/drug therapy
    Chemical Substances Cefepime (807PW4VQE3) ; Cephalosporins ; Anti-Bacterial Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-10
    Publishing country United Arab Emirates
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2250840-5
    ISSN 2212-3911 ; 1574-8863
    ISSN (online) 2212-3911
    ISSN 1574-8863
    DOI 10.2174/1574886317666220309090408
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Association of serum ferritin with severity and clinical outcome in COVID-19 patients

    Shilia Jacob Kurian / Sara Poikayil Mathews / Abin Paul / Subeesh K. Viswam / Shivashankara Kaniyoor Nagri / Sonal Sekhar Miraj / Shubhada Karanth

    Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health, Vol 21, Iss , Pp 101295- (2023)

    An observational study in a tertiary healthcare facility

    2023  

    Abstract: Background: Ferritin, an intracellular protein, has a pivotal role in immune dysregulation. Hyperferritinemia has been associated with higher disease severity and adverse clinical outcomes in COVID-19, including mortality. We aimed to study the ... ...

    Abstract Background: Ferritin, an intracellular protein, has a pivotal role in immune dysregulation. Hyperferritinemia has been associated with higher disease severity and adverse clinical outcomes in COVID-19, including mortality. We aimed to study the association of serum ferritin levels with disease severity and clinical outcomes and its severity prediction potential in COVID-19 patients. Methods: This retrospective study included 870 adult patients with symptomatic COVID-19 infection hospitalized between July 1, 2020 to December 21, 2020. All the patients had a positive polymerase chain reaction test result of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Results: The median age was 55 (IQR:40, 65) years with a male predominance [66.32% (n = 577)], among 870 COVID-19. Of these, 413 (47.47%) had mild COVID-19, and 457 (52.53%) had moderate plus severe COVID-19 disease. Median ferritin levels were significantly high in moderate to severe COVID-19 infection compared to mild [545.8 (326.0, 1046.0) vs 97.3 (52.65–155.5) (p = 0.001)], and in patients who developed a complication compared to without complications [380 (177.05, 863.15) vs 290 (110.9, 635) (p = 0.002). A slight elevation in median ferritin levels was observed in patients who had an ICU stay than non-ICU [326 (129.8, 655) vs 309 (119.1, 684) (p = 0.872)]. The cut-off for ferritin was identified at >287.4 ng/ml for mild versus moderate plus severe COVID-19 infections. Conclusion: Moderate to severe COVID-19 patients have elevated ferritin levels. Patients with more than 287.4 ng/ml ferritin value would have greater chances of developing moderate to severe COVID-19 infections.
    Keywords COVID-19 ; Ferritin ; Risk factor ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Severity ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article: Association of serum ferritin with severity and clinical outcome in COVID-19 patients: An observational study in a tertiary healthcare facility.

    Kurian, Shilia Jacob / Mathews, Sara Poikayil / Paul, Abin / Viswam, Subeesh K / Kaniyoor Nagri, Shivashankara / Miraj, Sonal Sekhar / Karanth, Shubhada

    Clinical epidemiology and global health

    2023  Volume 21, Page(s) 101295

    Abstract: Background: Ferritin, an intracellular protein, has a pivotal role in immune dysregulation. Hyperferritinemia has been associated with higher disease severity and adverse clinical outcomes in COVID-19, including mortality. We aimed to study the ... ...

    Abstract Background: Ferritin, an intracellular protein, has a pivotal role in immune dysregulation. Hyperferritinemia has been associated with higher disease severity and adverse clinical outcomes in COVID-19, including mortality. We aimed to study the association of serum ferritin levels with disease severity and clinical outcomes and its severity prediction potential in COVID-19 patients.
    Methods: This retrospective study included 870 adult patients with symptomatic COVID-19 infection hospitalized between July 1, 2020 to December 21, 2020. All the patients had a positive polymerase chain reaction test result of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
    Results: The median age was 55 (IQR:40, 65) years with a male predominance [66.32% (n = 577)], among 870 COVID-19. Of these, 413 (47.47%) had mild COVID-19, and 457 (52.53%) had moderate plus severe COVID-19 disease. Median ferritin levels were significantly high in moderate to severe COVID-19 infection compared to mild [545.8 (326.0, 1046.0) vs 97.3 (52.65-155.5) (p = 0.001)], and in patients who developed a complication compared to without complications [380 (177.05, 863.15) vs 290 (110.9, 635) (p = 0.002). A slight elevation in median ferritin levels was observed in patients who had an ICU stay than non-ICU [326 (129.8, 655) vs 309 (119.1, 684) (p = 0.872)]. The cut-off for ferritin was identified at >287.4 ng/ml for mild versus moderate plus severe COVID-19 infections.
    Conclusion: Moderate to severe COVID-19 patients have elevated ferritin levels. Patients with more than 287.4 ng/ml ferritin value would have greater chances of developing moderate to severe COVID-19 infections.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-30
    Publishing country India
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2452-0918
    ISSN 2452-0918
    DOI 10.1016/j.cegh.2023.101295
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Impact of tuberculosis disease on human gut microbiota: a systematic review.

    Baral, Tejaswini / Kurian, Shilia Jacob / Thomas, Levin / Udyavara Kudru, Chandrashekar / Mukhopadhyay, Chiranjay / Saravu, Kavitha / Manu, Mohan K / Singh, Jitendra / Munisamy, Murali / Kumar, Amit / Khandelwal, Bidita / Rao, Mahadev / Sekhar Miraj, Sonal

    Expert review of anti-infective therapy

    2023  Volume 21, Issue 2, Page(s) 175–188

    Abstract: Introduction: This systematic review evaluates the gut microbiota (GM) status in tuberculosis (TB) patients compared to healthy volunteers due to the disease or its treatment.: Areas covered: We conducted a systematic review of all articles published ...

    Abstract Introduction: This systematic review evaluates the gut microbiota (GM) status in tuberculosis (TB) patients compared to healthy volunteers due to the disease or its treatment.
    Areas covered: We conducted a systematic review of all articles published in PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase that assessed the impact of TB disease and anti-tubercular therapy (ATT) on GM from inception till January 2022 (Protocol registration number in PROSPERO: CRD42021261884). Regarding the microbial diversity indices and taxonomy, we found a significant difference in GM status between the TB and healthy control (HC) groups. We found an overabundance of Phylum
    Expert opinion: The modulation of GM in TB patients in clinical practice may serve as a promising target to reverse the dysbiosis caused. Moreover, this can optimistically change the TB treatment outcome. We expect that appropriate probiotic supplementation with antimycobacterial treatment during tuberculosis disease will help stabilize the GM throughout the treatment phase and protect the GM from dysbiosis.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Dysbiosis/microbiology ; Tuberculosis/microbiology ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; Treatment Outcome
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Systematic Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2181279-2
    ISSN 1744-8336 ; 1478-7210
    ISSN (online) 1744-8336
    ISSN 1478-7210
    DOI 10.1080/14787210.2023.2162879
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism and vitamin D supplementation on clinical/ treatment outcome in tuberculosis: current and future perspectives.

    Sekhar Miraj, Sonal / Vyas, Navya / Kurian, Shilia Jacob / Baral, Tejaswini / Thomas, Levin / Reddy, B Shrikar / Munisamy, Murali / Banerjee, Mithu / Rao, Mahadev

    Expert review of anti-infective therapy

    2022  Volume 20, Issue 9, Page(s) 1179–1186

    Abstract: Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is a transnational public health concern, which requires more precise treatment strategies than the existing approaches. Vitamin D modulates the inflammatory and immune response to the disease. Robust evidence shows that ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is a transnational public health concern, which requires more precise treatment strategies than the existing approaches. Vitamin D modulates the inflammatory and immune response to the disease. Robust evidence shows that vitamin D deficiency and its receptor gene polymorphism influence the susceptibility to TB and the outcome of the anti-tubercular treatment (ATT). However, in the different populations, these findings were inconsistent and even contradictory.
    Areas covered: The current review focuses on the association between vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphism with the risk of development of TB disease and response to the ATT. Additionally, it reviews various systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the impact of vitamin D supplements on both clinical and treatment outcomes in TB patients.
    Expert opinion: Although the majority of the findings rule out the benefits of the supplementation, sufficient evidence is available to warrant larger epidemiological research that should be aimed to generate possible interaction among the VDR polymorphism, vitamin D status, and the outcome in TB. We conclude that establishing such an association in different ethnic populations will help design nutrigenomics- or pharmacogenomics-based vitamin D supplementation to develop a personalized medicine approach to flatten the curve of TB disease.
    MeSH term(s) Dietary Supplements ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Receptors, Calcitriol/genetics ; Treatment Outcome ; Tuberculosis/drug therapy ; Tuberculosis/genetics ; Vitamin D/therapeutic use ; Vitamin D Deficiency/drug therapy ; Vitamin D Deficiency/genetics
    Chemical Substances Receptors, Calcitriol ; VDR protein, human ; Vitamin D (1406-16-2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-31
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2181279-2
    ISSN 1744-8336 ; 1478-7210
    ISSN (online) 1744-8336
    ISSN 1478-7210
    DOI 10.1080/14787210.2022.2081546
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Phytotherapy in Diabetic Foot Ulcers: A Promising Strategy for Effective Wound Healing

    Miraj, Sonal Sekhar / Kurian, Shilia Jacob / Rodrigues, Gabriel Sunil / Saravu, Kavitha / Rao, Mahadev / Raychaudhuri, Siba Prasad / Downs, Bernard W. / Bagchi, Debasis

    Journal of the American Nutrition Association. 2023 Apr. 3, v. 42, no. 3, p. 295-310

    2023  , Page(s) 295–310

    Abstract: Despite the advancement in wound care, the effective therapy of chronic diabetic ulcers continues to be a challenge. Wound healing is a highly controlled process, which involves a sequence of complex overlapping steps. This healing pathway comprises of ... ...

    Abstract Despite the advancement in wound care, the effective therapy of chronic diabetic ulcers continues to be a challenge. Wound healing is a highly controlled process, which involves a sequence of complex overlapping steps. This healing pathway comprises of hemostasis, inflammation, proliferative, and remodeling phases. Recent evidence suggests that phytomedicines can prevent or repair different kinds of destructive cellular damage, including chronic wounds. Several phytochemicals such as polyphenols, alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and glycosides have pleiotropic effects, including stimulation of fibroblast proliferation, the main step in wound healing. Besides, the mechanism involves induction of collagen synthesis, migration, and reepithelization and their antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory actions. Similarly, the use of phytochemicals alone or as an adjuvant with standard therapy has demonstrated promising results in managing complications in the diabetic foot. For instance, the extract of Carica papaya has been shown antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects, which, together with proteolytic enzymatic activity, contributes to its wound healing property. It is generally believed that phytotherapy has no or minimal toxicity than synthetic therapeutic agents, favoring its use in diabetic foot ulcer management. The current review highlights the selected phytochemicals and their sources; and potential application in diabetic foot ulcer management. Key teaching points and nutritional relevanceCurrently, phytochemicals have been shown wide potential in disease. management including alleviating clinical manifestations, preventing degenerative disease, and curing illness. Increased evidence of phytochemical as anti-infective and anti-inflammatory suggests its role in the management of diabetic foot ulcer(DFU). Potential benefit along with minimal adverse effect favors its application as adjuvant therapy. Further research is needed to standardize its dose and formulation to enhance its clinical application in DFU management.
    Keywords Carica papaya ; adjuvants ; adverse effects ; antioxidants ; collagen ; diabetic foot ; enzyme activity ; fibroblasts ; flavonoids ; glycosides ; hemostasis ; inflammation ; nutrition ; phytotherapy ; polyphenols ; proteolysis ; terpenoids ; toxicity ; diabetic wound ; phytochemicals ; phytomedicine ; wound healing
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-0403
    Size p. 295-310
    Publishing place Taylor & Francis
    Document type Article ; Online
    ISSN 2769-707X
    DOI 10.1080/07315724.2022.2034069
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  10. Article ; Online: Phytotherapy in Diabetic Foot Ulcers: A Promising Strategy for Effective Wound Healing.

    Miraj, Sonal Sekhar / Kurian, Shilia Jacob / Rodrigues, Gabriel Sunil / Saravu, Kavitha / Rao, Mahadev / Raychaudhuri, Siba Prasad / Downs, Bernard W / Bagchi, Debasis

    Journal of the American Nutrition Association

    2022  Volume 42, Issue 3, Page(s) 295–310

    Abstract: Despite the advancement in wound care, the effective therapy of chronic diabetic ulcers continues to be a challenge. Wound healing is a highly controlled process, which involves a sequence of complex overlapping steps. This healing pathway comprises of ... ...

    Abstract Despite the advancement in wound care, the effective therapy of chronic diabetic ulcers continues to be a challenge. Wound healing is a highly controlled process, which involves a sequence of complex overlapping steps. This healing pathway comprises of hemostasis, inflammation, proliferative, and remodeling phases. Recent evidence suggests that phytomedicines can prevent or repair different kinds of destructive cellular damage, including chronic wounds. Several phytochemicals such as polyphenols, alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and glycosides have pleiotropic effects, including stimulation of fibroblast proliferation, the main step in wound healing. Besides, the mechanism involves induction of collagen synthesis, migration, and reepithelization and their antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory actions. Similarly, the use of phytochemicals alone or as an adjuvant with standard therapy has demonstrated promising results in managing complications in the diabetic foot. For instance, the extract of Carica papaya has been shown antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects, which, together with proteolytic enzymatic activity, contributes to its wound healing property. It is generally believed that phytotherapy has no or minimal toxicity than synthetic therapeutic agents, favoring its use in diabetic foot ulcer management. The current review highlights the selected phytochemicals and their sources; and potential application in diabetic foot ulcer management.Key teaching points and nutritional relevanceCurrently, phytochemicals have been shown wide potential in disease. management including alleviating clinical manifestations, preventing degenerative disease, and curing illness.Increased evidence of phytochemical as anti-infective and anti-inflammatory suggests its role in the management of diabetic foot ulcer(DFU).Potential benefit along with minimal adverse effect favors its application as adjuvant therapy.Further research is needed to standardize its dose and formulation to enhance its clinical application in DFU management.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Diabetic Foot/drug therapy ; Wound Healing ; Antioxidants/pharmacology ; Phytotherapy ; Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology ; Diabetes Mellitus/drug therapy
    Chemical Substances Antioxidants ; Anti-Infective Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Review ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 2769-707X
    ISSN (online) 2769-707X
    DOI 10.1080/07315724.2022.2034069
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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