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  1. Article ; Online: Inflammatory and other breast cancer incidence rate trends by estrogen receptor status in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (2001-2015).

    Aurit, Sarah J / Devesa, Susan S / Soliman, Amr S / Schairer, Catherine

    Breast cancer research and treatment

    2019  Volume 175, Issue 3, Page(s) 755–764

    Abstract: Purpose: Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) rates increased in the United States before the turn of the twenty-first century. We examine trends by estrogen receptor (ER) status since then.: Methods: Using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) rates increased in the United States before the turn of the twenty-first century. We examine trends by estrogen receptor (ER) status since then.
    Methods: Using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program for years 2001-2015, we calculated age-adjusted incidence rates for IBC (defined by AJCC TNM category T4d, extent of disease codes, and morphology code 8530) by ER status, which was imputed if unknown, among women aged 25-84 years. For comparison, we included other locally advanced breast cancer and other breast cancers partitioned into localized and regional/distant/unstaged. We fit joinpoint log-linear models to annual rates to calculate annual percentage change (APC) and average annual percentage change (AAPC).
    Results: The rate of increase in ER+ IBC rates among women aged 25-44 (AAPC = 0.5) was similar to other advanced tumor types, but declines among women aged 45-84 (AAPC = - 2.2) were more rapid. Declines in ER- IBC rates for women aged 25-84 (AAPC = - 3.7) were more rapid than for other tumor types.
    Conclusions: Our results show a reversal of the rising rates of IBC overall reported at the end of the twentieth century. Direction of trends for IBC is consistent with other breast cancer types, except for ER+ localized breast cancer in older women. Decreasing parity and rising prevalence of older age at first birth may contribute to declining rates of ER- IBC. Otherwise, patterns of changing risk factors are inconsistent with the trends we observed. Further studies of IBC are necessary to identify additional risk factors and possible preventive strategies.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Age Distribution ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Incidence ; Inflammatory Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Inflammatory Breast Neoplasms/history ; Inflammatory Breast Neoplasms/metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism ; SEER Program ; United States/epidemiology
    Chemical Substances Receptors, Estrogen
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-03-26
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Historical Article ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 604563-7
    ISSN 1573-7217 ; 0167-6806
    ISSN (online) 1573-7217
    ISSN 0167-6806
    DOI 10.1007/s10549-019-05193-0
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Autoimmune diseases and breast cancer risk by tumor hormone-receptor status among elderly women.

    Schairer, Catherine / Pfeiffer, Ruth M / Gadalla, Shahinaz M

    International journal of cancer

    2017  Volume 142, Issue 6, Page(s) 1202–1208

    Abstract: The female preponderance of many autoimmune diseases suggests a possible hormonal etiology. Little research exists on systemic and organ-specific autoimmune diseases and risk of breast cancer by tumor estrogen receptor (ER)- and progesterone receptor (PR) ...

    Abstract The female preponderance of many autoimmune diseases suggests a possible hormonal etiology. Little research exists on systemic and organ-specific autoimmune diseases and risk of breast cancer by tumor estrogen receptor (ER)- and progesterone receptor (PR)- status. Here, we evaluate associations between selected systemic and organ-specific autoimmune diseases and breast cancer risk overall and by tumor ER- and PR-status. We used linked Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER)-Medicare data, with first female breast cancer cases ages ≥66 years identified by SEER registries (years 1992-2011; N = 209,929). We selected female controls (N = 200,000) from a stratified 5% random sample of Medicare recipients who were alive and breast cancer-free. We assessed exposures until 12 months before breast cancer diagnosis/selection using Medicare claims data. We estimated odds ratios (OR) and 99.9% confidence intervals (CI) using unconditional and multinomial logistic regression. We found reduced breast cancer risk among those with rheumatoid arthritis (OR = 0.84; 99.9% CI 0.79-0.89), systemic lupus erythematosus (OR = 0.82; 99.9% CI 0.70-0.97) and pernicious anemia (OR = 0.90; 99.9% CI 0.83-0.97) and increased risk among those with psoriasis (OR = 1.16; 99.9% CI 1.06-1.27). Statistically significant alterations in risk for rheumatoid arthritis were limited to ER-positive (+) breast cancer, whereas those for the other three conditions were further limited to ER+/PR+ breast cancer. However, only differences for rheumatoid arthritis by ER-status were statistically significant (p-heterogeneity = 0.0001). The reasons for these associations need to be investigated in future studies accounting for host characteristics and autoimmune disease treatment.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Autoimmune Diseases/epidemiology ; Breast/pathology ; Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Breast Neoplasms/pathology ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Medicare/statistics & numerical data ; Odds Ratio ; Receptors, Estrogen/analysis ; Receptors, Progesterone/analysis ; Risk Factors ; SEER Program/statistics & numerical data ; United States/epidemiology
    Chemical Substances Receptors, Estrogen ; Receptors, Progesterone
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-11-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 218257-9
    ISSN 1097-0215 ; 0020-7136
    ISSN (online) 1097-0215
    ISSN 0020-7136
    DOI 10.1002/ijc.31148
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: The effect of estrogen plus progestin hormone therapy on breast cancer mortality: still unresolved.

    Schairer, Catherine / Brinton, Louise A

    Journal of the National Cancer Institute

    2013  Volume 105, Issue 8, Page(s) 513–514

    MeSH term(s) Breast Neoplasms/chemically induced ; Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/chemically induced ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/epidemiology ; Estrogen Replacement Therapy/adverse effects ; Estrogen Replacement Therapy/methods ; Estrogens/adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Progestins/adverse effects
    Chemical Substances Estrogens ; Progestins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-04-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comment ; Editorial
    ZDB-ID 2992-0
    ISSN 1460-2105 ; 0027-8874 ; 0198-0157
    ISSN (online) 1460-2105
    ISSN 0027-8874 ; 0198-0157
    DOI 10.1093/jnci/djt058
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Lipid-lowering drugs, dyslipidemia, and breast cancer risk in a Medicare population.

    Schairer, Catherine / Freedman, D Michal / Gadalla, Shahinaz M / Pfeiffer, Ruth M

    Breast cancer research and treatment

    2018  Volume 169, Issue 3, Page(s) 607–614

    Abstract: Purpose: We sought to disentangle the effects of statins and other lipid-lowering drugs and the underlying dyslipidemia for which they are prescribed on breast cancer risk.: Methods: We conducted a case-control study within the linked Surveillance, ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: We sought to disentangle the effects of statins and other lipid-lowering drugs and the underlying dyslipidemia for which they are prescribed on breast cancer risk.
    Methods: We conducted a case-control study within the linked Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End results (SEER)-Medicare data. Cases were women with invasive breast cancer aged 66 + years (N = 30,004) identified by SEER registries (years 2007-2011). Controls were women (N = 198,969) identified from a 5% random sample of Medicare recipients alive and breast cancer free in year of selection. Participants had a minimum of 13 months of Part A, Part B non-health maintenance organization Medicare and Part D Medicare coverage at least 13 months preceding cancer diagnosis/selection. Exposures were assessed until 12 months before diagnosis/control selection. Odds ratios (OR) and 99.9% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using adjusted unconditional and multinomial logistic regression.
    Results: ORs of invasive breast cancer associated with dyslipidemia, statins, and non-statin lipid-lowering drugs were 0.86 (99.9% CI 0.81-0.90), 1.07 (99.9% CI 1.03-1.13) and 1.03 (99.9% CI 0.95-1.11), respectively. Risk reductions with dyslipidemia were slightly greater when untreated than treated and did not vary much by time between dyslipidemia and breast cancer diagnosis. Whether treated or untreated, dyslipidemia was associated with greater reductions in risk for later stage than earlier stage breast cancer (p-heterogeneity < 0.0001).
    Conclusions: Lipid-lowering drugs did not account for the lower breast cancer risk associated with dyslipidemia. Our data do not support using statins or other lipid-lowering drugs to prevent breast cancer.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Breast Neoplasms/etiology ; Case-Control Studies ; Dyslipidemias/complications ; Dyslipidemias/drug therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Hypolipidemic Agents/adverse effects ; Hypolipidemic Agents/therapeutic use ; Medicare ; Odds Ratio ; Risk Assessment ; Risk Factors ; United States/epidemiology
    Chemical Substances Hypolipidemic Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-02-15
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 604563-7
    ISSN 1573-7217 ; 0167-6806
    ISSN (online) 1573-7217
    ISSN 0167-6806
    DOI 10.1007/s10549-018-4680-7
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Considerations in setting up and conducting epidemiologic studies of cancer in middle- and low-income countries: the experience of a case-control study of inflammatory breast cancer in North Africa in the past 10 years.

    Soliman, Amr S / Schairer, Catherine

    Cancer medicine

    2012  Volume 1, Issue 3, Page(s) 338–349

    Abstract: This article illustrates some issues we faced during our experience in conducting an epidemiologic case-control study of inflammatory breast cancer in North Africa. We expect that some of the questions we had to ask in order to address these issues might ...

    Abstract This article illustrates some issues we faced during our experience in conducting an epidemiologic case-control study of inflammatory breast cancer in North Africa. We expect that some of the questions we had to ask in order to address these issues might be helpful to others in setting up epidemiologic studies in developing regions. We describe our experience from different angles including the use of multiple sites to achieve adequate sample size, standardizing diagnosis of disease, identifying cancer cases at the time of diagnosis, control selection procedures, logistics of study implementation, questionnaire development and interviewing, biologic specimens, and procedures for protection of human subjects. We have developed a brief checklist to summarize important issues for conducting future epidemiologic studies in these or similar low- or middle-income countries.
    MeSH term(s) Africa, Northern ; Case-Control Studies ; Developing Countries ; Female ; Humans ; Inflammatory Breast Neoplasms/economics ; Inflammatory Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Inflammatory Breast Neoplasms/pathology ; Poverty ; Surveys and Questionnaires
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-10-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2659751-2
    ISSN 2045-7634
    ISSN 2045-7634
    DOI 10.1002/cam4.36
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Progesterone receptors--animal models and cell signalling in breast cancer. Implications for breast cancer of inclusion of progestins in hormone replacement therapies.

    Schairer, Catherine

    Breast cancer research : BCR

    2002  Volume 4, Issue 6, Page(s) 244–248

    Abstract: Progestins are included in menopausal hormone replacement therapy to counteract the increased risk for endometrial cancer associated with estrogen replacement therapy. Studies of hormone replacement therapy and breast cancer risk and of changes in ... ...

    Abstract Progestins are included in menopausal hormone replacement therapy to counteract the increased risk for endometrial cancer associated with estrogen replacement therapy. Studies of hormone replacement therapy and breast cancer risk and of changes in mammographic density according to different regimens of hormone replacement therapy suggest that, for the most part, estrogen-progestin replacement therapy has a more adverse effect on breast cancer risk than does estrogen replacement therapy. Many questions remain unresolved, however, including risk associated with different regimens of estrogen-progestin replacement therapy, and whether the effects vary according to tumor characteristics, such as histology, extent of disease, and hormone receptor status.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Breast/cytology ; Breast Neoplasms/etiology ; Cell Division/drug effects ; Disease Models, Animal ; Estrogens/administration & dosage ; Estrogens/adverse effects ; Female ; Hormone Replacement Therapy/adverse effects ; Humans ; Mammography ; Progestins/administration & dosage ; Progestins/adverse effects ; Receptors, Progesterone/physiology
    Chemical Substances Estrogens ; Progestins ; Receptors, Progesterone
    Language English
    Publishing date 2002-10-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2015059-3
    ISSN 1465-5411
    ISSN 1465-5411
    DOI 10.1186/bcr540
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  7. Article ; Online: Obesity and related conditions and risk of inflammatory breast cancer: a nested case-control study.

    Schairer, Catherine / Laurent, Cecile A / Moy, Lisa M / Gierach, Gretchen L / Caporaso, Neil E / Pfeiffer, Ruth M / Kushi, Lawrence H

    Breast cancer research and treatment

    2020  Volume 183, Issue 2, Page(s) 467–478

    Abstract: Purpose: Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is a rare, poorly understood and aggressive tumor. We extended prior findings linking high body mass index (BMI) to substantial increased IBC risk by examining BMI associations before and after adjustment for ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is a rare, poorly understood and aggressive tumor. We extended prior findings linking high body mass index (BMI) to substantial increased IBC risk by examining BMI associations before and after adjustment for well-characterized comorbidities using medical record data for diabetes, insulin resistance, and disturbances of cholesterol metabolism in a general community healthcare setting.
    Methods: We identified 247 incident IBC cases diagnosed at Kaiser Permanente Northern California between 2005 and 2017 and 2470 controls matched 10:1 on birth year and geographic area and with ≥ 13 months of continuous enrollment prior to diagnosis/index date. We assessed exposures from 6 years up to one year prior to the diagnosis/index date, using logistic regression to calculate odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
    Results: Before adjustment for comorbidities, ORs (95% CIs) for BMI of 25-< 30, 30-< 35, and ≥ 35 compared to < 25 kg/m
    Conclusions: Obesity and measures of insulin resistance independently increased IBC risk as did obesity and low HDL-C levels. These findings, if confirmed, have implications for IBC prevention.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Body Mass Index ; Case-Control Studies ; Cholesterol, HDL/metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Inflammatory Breast Neoplasms/etiology ; Inflammatory Breast Neoplasms/metabolism ; Inflammatory Breast Neoplasms/pathology ; Insulin Resistance ; Logistic Models ; Middle Aged ; Obesity/complications ; Odds Ratio ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors
    Chemical Substances Cholesterol, HDL
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-20
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 604563-7
    ISSN 1573-7217 ; 0167-6806
    ISSN (online) 1573-7217
    ISSN 0167-6806
    DOI 10.1007/s10549-020-05785-1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Comments and response on the USPSTF recommendation on screening for breast cancer.

    Gail, Mitchell H / Schairer, Catherine

    Annals of internal medicine

    2010  Volume 152, Issue 8, Page(s) 540; author reply 543–4

    MeSH term(s) Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Breast Neoplasms/prevention & control ; Evidence-Based Medicine ; Female ; Humans ; Mammography ; Mass Screening/methods ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Risk Assessment
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-04-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comment ; Letter
    ZDB-ID 336-0
    ISSN 1539-3704 ; 0003-4819
    ISSN (online) 1539-3704
    ISSN 0003-4819
    DOI 10.7326/0003-4819-152-8-201004200-00202
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Diabetes, Abnormal Glucose, Dyslipidemia, Hypertension, and Risk of Inflammatory and Other Breast Cancer.

    Schairer, Catherine / Gadalla, Shahinaz M / Pfeiffer, Ruth M / Moore, Steven C / Engels, Eric A

    Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology

    2017  Volume 26, Issue 6, Page(s) 862–868

    Abstract: Background: ...

    Abstract Background:
    MeSH term(s) Case-Control Studies ; Comorbidity ; Diabetes Mellitus/etiology ; Dyslipidemias/etiology ; Female ; Glucose/metabolism ; Humans ; Hypertension/etiology ; Inflammatory Breast Neoplasms/etiology ; Obesity/complications
    Chemical Substances Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-01-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
    ZDB-ID 1153420-5
    ISSN 1538-7755 ; 1055-9965
    ISSN (online) 1538-7755
    ISSN 1055-9965
    DOI 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-16-0647
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Prediagnostic White Blood Cell DNA Methylation and Risk of Breast Cancer in the Prostate Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial (PLCO) Cohort.

    Sturgeon, Susan R / Sela, David A / Browne, Eva P / Einson, Jonah / Rani, Asha / Halabi, Mohamed / Kania, Thomas / Keezer, Andrew / Balasubramanian, Raji / Ziegler, Regina G / Schairer, Catherine / Kelsey, Karl T / Arcaro, Kathleen F

    Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology

    2021  Volume 30, Issue 8, Page(s) 1575–1581

    Abstract: Background: White blood cell (WBC) DNA may contain methylation patterns that are associated with subsequent breast cancer risk. Using a high-throughput array and samples collected, on average, 1.3 years prior to diagnosis, a case-cohort analysis nested ... ...

    Abstract Background: White blood cell (WBC) DNA may contain methylation patterns that are associated with subsequent breast cancer risk. Using a high-throughput array and samples collected, on average, 1.3 years prior to diagnosis, a case-cohort analysis nested in the prospective Sister Study identified 250 individual CpG sites that were differentially methylated between breast cancer cases and noncases. We examined five of the top 40 CpG sites in a case-control study nested in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial (PLCO) Cohort.
    Methods: We investigated the associations between prediagnostic WBC DNA methylation in 297 breast cancer cases and 297 frequency-matched controls. Two WBC DNA specimens from each participant were used: a proximate sample collected 1 to 2.9 years and a distant sample collected 4.2-7.3 years prior to diagnosis in cases or the comparable timepoints in controls. WBC DNA methylation level was measured using targeted bisulfite amplification sequencing. We used logistic regression to obtain ORs and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
    Results: A one-unit increase in percent methylation in
    Conclusions: There was no convincing pattern between percent methylation in the five CpG sites and breast cancer risk.
    Impact: The link between prediagnostic WBC DNA methylation marks and breast cancer, if any, is poorly understood.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Breast Neoplasms/genetics ; Case-Control Studies ; Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics ; CpG Islands ; DNA Methylation ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics ; Endonucleases/genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/genetics ; Leukocytes ; Membrane Proteins/genetics ; Membrane Transport Proteins/genetics ; Middle Aged ; Mitochondrial Proteins/genetics ; Prospective Studies
    Chemical Substances CAVIN3 protein, human ; Cell Cycle Proteins ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; MCUR1 protein, human ; Membrane Proteins ; Membrane Transport Proteins ; Mitochondrial Proteins ; OPTN protein, human ; ERCC1 protein, human (EC 3.1.-) ; Endonucleases (EC 3.1.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
    ZDB-ID 1153420-5
    ISSN 1538-7755 ; 1055-9965
    ISSN (online) 1538-7755
    ISSN 1055-9965
    DOI 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-20-1717
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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