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Article ; Online: Investigation of the Antibacterial Activity and Efflux Pump Inhibitory Effect of Cycas thouarsii R.Br. Extract against Klebsiella pneumoniae Clinical Isolates

Walaa A. Negm / Mona El-Aasr / Amal Abo Kamer / Engy Elekhnawy

Pharmaceuticals, Vol 14, Iss 756, p

2021 Volume 756

Abstract: ... thouarsii R.Br. leaves extract against Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates ...

Abstract	The vast spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria has encouraged researchers to explore new antimicrobial compounds. This study aimed to investigate the phytochemistry and antibacterial activity of Cycas thouarsii R.Br. leaves extract against Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of C. thouarsii extract ranged from 4 to 32 µg/mL. The impact of the treatment of the isolates with sub-inhibitory concentrations of C. thouarsii extract was investigated on the bacterial growth, membrane integrity, inner and outer membrane permeability, membrane depolarization, and bacterial morphology using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and on the efflux activity using qRT-PCR. Interestingly, most K. pneumoniae isolates treated with C. thouarsii extract showed growth inhibition—a decrease in membrane integrity. In addition, we observed various morphological changes, a significant increase in inner and outer membrane permeability, a non-significant change in membrane depolarization, and a decrease in efflux activity after treatment. The phytochemical investigation of C. thouarsii extract revealed the isolation of one new biflavonoid, 5,7,7″,4‴-tetra- O -methyl-hinokiflavone ( 3 ), and five known compounds, stigmasterol ( 1 ), naringenin ( 2 ), 2,3-dihydrobilobetin ( 4 ), 4′,4‴- O- dimethyl amentoflavone ( 5 ), and hinokiflavone ( 6 ), for the first time. Moreover, the pure compounds′ MICs′ ranged from 0.25 to 2 µg/mL. Thus, C. thouarsii could be a potential source for new antimicrobials.
Keywords	biflavonoids ; efflux ; membrane permeability ; natural products ; SEM ; 5,7,7″,4″-tetra- O -methyl-hinokiflavone ; Medicine ; R ; Pharmacy and materia medica ; RS1-441
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Differential hydrolysis of homocysteine thiolactone by purified human serum (192)Q and (192)R PON1 isoenzymes.

Bayrak, Ahmet / Bayrak, Tülin / Demirpençe, Ediz / Kılınç, Kamer

Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences

2011 Volume 879, Issue 1, Page(s) 49–55

Abstract: ... in atherosclerosis. In this study, human (192)Q and (192)R PON1 isoenzymes were purified from the respective ... as substrate, overall purification fold was found as 742 for (192)R PON1 and 590 for (192)Q PON1. The final ... Both PON1 isoenzymes showed mixed type inhibition with phenyl acetate. K(m) values of (192)Q and (192)R PON1 ...

Abstract	Human serum paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is a HDL-associated enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of a variety of aromatic carboxylic acid esters and several organophosphates. Recently it has been suggested that a physiological substrate of serum PON1 is homocysteine thiolactone which is a putative risk factor in atherosclerosis. In this study, human (192)Q and (192)R PON1 isoenzymes were purified from the respective phenotype human serum, using a protocol consisting of ammonium sulfate precipitation and four chromatography steps: gel filtration, ion-exchange, non-specific affinity, and a second ion-exchange. Using paraoxon as substrate, overall purification fold was found as 742 for (192)R PON1 and 590 for (192)Q PON1. The final purified enzymes were shown as single protein bands close to 45kDa on SDS-PAGE and confirmed by Western blot. Substrate kinetics were studied with phenyl acetate, paraoxon and homocysteine thiolactone. Both PON1 isoenzymes showed mixed type inhibition with phenyl acetate. K(m) values of (192)Q and (192)R PON1 for homocysteine thiolactone were 23.5mM and 22.6mM respectively. For (192)R PON1, the V(max) was 2.5-fold and k(cat)/K(m) was 2.6-fold higher than those for (192)Q PON1 when homocysteine thiolactone is used as substrate. The present data suggest that defining (192)Q and (192)R PON1 isoforms could be a good predictor and prognostic marker in the cardiovascular risk assessment.
MeSH term(s)	Ammonium Sulfate/chemistry ; Aryldialkylphosphatase/blood ; Aryldialkylphosphatase/chemistry ; Atherosclerosis/metabolism ; Blotting, Western ; Chemical Precipitation ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Homocysteine/analogs & derivatives ; Homocysteine/chemistry ; Homocysteine/metabolism ; Humans ; Isoenzymes/blood ; Isoenzymes/chemistry ; Kinetics ; Paraoxon/chemistry ; Phenylacetates/chemistry
Chemical Substances	Isoenzymes ; Phenylacetates ; Homocysteine (0LVT1QZ0BA) ; homocysteine thiolactone (D5H88XF24X) ; Aryldialkylphosphatase (EC 3.1.8.1) ; PON1 protein, human (EC 3.1.8.1) ; Paraoxon (Q9CX8P80JW) ; Ammonium Sulfate (SU46BAM238)
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-01-01
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1180823-8
ISSN	1873-376X ; 0378-4347 ; 1570-0232 ; 1387-2273
ISSN (online)	1873-376X
ISSN	0378-4347 ; 1570-0232 ; 1387-2273
DOI	10.1016/j.jchromb.2010.11.006
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Article ; Online: Intraoperative Cholangiography in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Kamer Tomaoğlu

İstanbul Medical Journal, Vol 21, Iss 5, Pp 350-

Technique and Changing Indications

2020 Volume 354

Abstract: Introduction:Although laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is considered as the “gold standard” of cholecystectomy, the rate of bile duct injuries seems to be elevated when compared to open cholecystectomy. Intraoperative cholangiography (IOC) may prevent ... ...

Abstract	Introduction:Although laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is considered as the “gold standard” of cholecystectomy, the rate of bile duct injuries seems to be elevated when compared to open cholecystectomy. Intraoperative cholangiography (IOC) may prevent iatrogenic bile duct injuries or may diagnose missed bile duct injuries.Methods:Between 1998 and 2016, 29 selective IOCs were performed in a total of 212 LCs (13.7%). At the beginning of the study (1998-2002), the indications of IOC were past history of jaundice, elevation of cholestatic enzymes and dilation of the common bile duct or suspicion of common bile duct stones on abdominal ultrasound, whereas obscure biliary anatomy became the main intraoperative criteria during the following years.Results:Of the 29 patients, 20 were female and 9 patients were male. The mean age was 54.4 years. IOC was successful in 26 cases (90%). The median IOC time was 21.9 minutes. An anatomical variation was found in one patient. In this case, the cystic duct was opening into the right hepatic duct. The Wirsung duct was visualised in another patient, which was probably due to hyperpression of the sphincter of Oddi. No complication related to the procedure itself was encountered.Conclusion:Although the routine use of IOC does not seem to be necessary, it may prevent bile duct injuries in selected cases. Surgeons should gain experience in performing the procedure, and the necessary equipment should be present in the operating room.
Keywords	laparoscopic ; cholecystectomy ; intraoperative ; cholangiography ; Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Galenos Yayinevi
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article: Differential hydrolysis of homocysteine thiolactone by purified human serum ¹⁹²Q and ¹⁹²R PON1 isoenzymes

Bayrak, Ahmet / Bayrak, Tülin / Demirpençe, Ediz / Kılınç, Kamer

Journal of chromatography. 2011 Jan. 1, v. 879, no. 1

2011

Abstract: ... in atherosclerosis. In this study, human ¹⁹²Q and ¹⁹²R PON1 isoenzymes were purified from the respective phenotype ... as substrate, overall purification fold was found as 742 for ¹⁹²R PON1 and 590 for ¹⁹²Q PON1. The final ... Both PON1 isoenzymes showed mixed type inhibition with phenyl acetate. Kₘ values of ¹⁹²Q and ¹⁹²R PON1 ...

Abstract	Human serum paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is a HDL-associated enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of a variety of aromatic carboxylic acid esters and several organophosphates. Recently it has been suggested that a physiological substrate of serum PON1 is homocysteine thiolactone which is a putative risk factor in atherosclerosis. In this study, human ¹⁹²Q and ¹⁹²R PON1 isoenzymes were purified from the respective phenotype human serum, using a protocol consisting of ammonium sulfate precipitation and four chromatography steps: gel filtration, ion-exchange, non-specific affinity, and a second ion-exchange. Using paraoxon as substrate, overall purification fold was found as 742 for ¹⁹²R PON1 and 590 for ¹⁹²Q PON1. The final purified enzymes were shown as single protein bands close to 45kDa on SDS-PAGE and confirmed by Western blot. Substrate kinetics were studied with phenyl acetate, paraoxon and homocysteine thiolactone. Both PON1 isoenzymes showed mixed type inhibition with phenyl acetate. Kₘ values of ¹⁹²Q and ¹⁹²R PON1 for homocysteine thiolactone were 23.5mM and 22.6mM respectively. For ¹⁹²R PON1, the Vₘₐₓ was 2.5-fold and kcₐₜ/Kₘ was 2.6-fold higher than those for ¹⁹²Q PON1 when homocysteine thiolactone is used as substrate. The present data suggest that defining ¹⁹²Q and ¹⁹²R PON1 isoforms could be a good predictor and prognostic marker in the cardiovascular risk assessment.
Keywords	Western blotting ; acetates ; ammonium sulfate ; blood serum ; enzyme activity ; enzymes ; gel chromatography ; homocysteine ; humans ; hydrolysis ; ion exchange ; isozymes ; lactones ; paraoxon ; phenotype ; polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ; risk factors
Language	English
Dates of publication	2011-0101
Size	p. 49-55.
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ISSN	1570-0232
DOI	10.1016/j.jchromb.2010.11.006
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Measurement of delayed fluorescence in N

Rastegari, Ali / Diels, Jean-Claude / Kamer, Brian / Liu, Lee R / Arissian, Ladan

Optics express

2022 Volume 30, Issue 17, Page(s) 31498–31508

Abstract: Using a streak camera, we directly measure time- and space-resolved dynamics ... ...

Abstract	Using a streak camera, we directly measure time- and space-resolved dynamics of
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1491859-6
ISSN	1094-4087 ; 1094-4087
ISSN (online)	1094-4087
ISSN	1094-4087
DOI	10.1364/OE.468835
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Article ; Online: Diabetes, Edentulism, and Cognitive Decline: A 12-Year Prospective Analysis.

Wu, B / Luo, H / Tan, C / Qi, X / Sloan, F A / Kamer, A R / Schwartz, M D / Martinez, M / Plassman, B L

Journal of dental research

2023 Volume 102, Issue 8, Page(s) 879–886

Abstract: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a recognized risk factor for dementia, and increasing evidence shows that tooth loss is associated with cognitive impairment and dementia. However, the effect of the co-occurrence of DM and edentulism on cognitive decline is ... ...

Abstract	Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a recognized risk factor for dementia, and increasing evidence shows that tooth loss is associated with cognitive impairment and dementia. However, the effect of the co-occurrence of DM and edentulism on cognitive decline is understudied. This 12-y cohort study aimed to assess the effect of the co-occurrence of DM and edentulism on cognitive decline and examine whether the effect differs by age group. Data were drawn from the 2006 to 2018 Health and Retirement Study. The study sample included 5,440 older adults aged 65 to 74 y, 3,300 aged 75 to 84 y, and 1,208 aged 85 y or older. Linear mixed-effect regression was employed to model the rates of cognitive decline stratified by age cohorts. Compared with their counterparts with neither DM nor edentulism at baseline, older adults aged 65 to 74 y (β = -1.12; 95% confidence interval [CI], -1.56 to -0.65;
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Aged ; Cohort Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology ; Cognitive Dysfunction/epidemiology ; Cognitive Dysfunction/etiology ; Risk Factors ; Cognition ; Dementia/epidemiology ; Dementia/etiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	80207-4
ISSN	1544-0591 ; 0022-0345
ISSN (online)	1544-0591
ISSN	0022-0345
DOI	10.1177/00220345231155825
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Zs.MO 262: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Diminutive Polyposis Coli

Kamer Tomaoğlu / Hasan Ökmen

İstanbul Medical Journal, Vol 22, Iss 3, Pp 197-

Should All Polyps be Removed during a Colonoscopy?

2021 Volume 201

Abstract: Introduction:Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cause of cancer-related death. Most CRCs arise from colorectal polyps or adenomas. Colonoscopy with polypectomy offers a real-time management of benign adenomas, which breaks the adenoma- ... ...

Abstract	Introduction:Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cause of cancer-related death. Most CRCs arise from colorectal polyps or adenomas. Colonoscopy with polypectomy offers a real-time management of benign adenomas, which breaks the adenoma-carcinoma sequence. In this study, the following question is discussed: should each polyp be excised in patients with more than three diminutive polyps?Methods:The study was conducted in Yedikule Surp Pırgiç Ermeni Hospital between January 2012 and October 2020. The medical records of 2,222 patients who underwent colonoscopy were retrospectively examined. The patients were divided into two groups. The first group included patients with three or fewer polyps, whereas the second group included patients with four or more polyps. In the first group, all polyps were excised regardless of the polyp’s diameter. In the second group, all polyps larger than 5 mm in diameter were excised. A maximum of three polyps were excised in patients who had more than three diminutive polyps. Student’s t-test, chi-square test, and Fisher’s exact test were used for the statistical analysis. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 18.0 (SPSS Inc., USA). P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:The total number of performed colonoscopies was 2,222. Colorectal polyps were detected in 501 (22.5%) patients. The number of total polypectomies was 728. Five hundred eighty-nine (81.0%) polyps had a diameter of 1 cm or less. Diminutive polyps were detected in 352 (48.4%) patients. The most common histopathological diagnosis in patients with diminutive polyps was tubular adenoma with mild dysplasia (60.8%) and inflammatory polyp (31.0%).Conclusion:It is concluded that excising all polyps encountered during colonoscopy is appropriate, whether they are diminutive or not. Further studies with a larger case series are needed in this area.
Keywords	colorectal ; diminutive polyp ; adenomatous polyp ; polypectomy ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	571
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Galenos Yayinevi
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Periodontal Inflamed Surface Area (PISA) associates with composites of salivary cytokines.

Tang, Vera / Hamidi, Bubak / Janal, Malvin N / Barber, Cheryl A / Godder, Benjamin / Palomo, Leena / Kamer, Angela R

PloS one

2023 Volume 18, Issue 2, Page(s) e0280333

Abstract: ... significantly associated with both salivary cytokine constructs, (CCI: part R = 0.51, p<0.001; CII: part R = 0 ...

Abstract	Background: Periodontal disease (PerioD) is a chronic, complex inflammatory condition resulting from the interaction between subgingival dysbiotic bacteria and the host immune response leading to local inflammation. Since periodontal inflammation is characterized by multiple cytokines effects we investigated whether Periodontal Inflamed Surface Area (PISA), a continuous measure of clinical periodontal inflammation is a predictor of composite indexes of salivary cytokines. Methods and findings: In a cross-sectional study of 67 healthy, well-educated individuals, we evaluated PISA and several cytokines expressed in whole stimulated saliva. Two salivary cytokine indexes were constructed using weighted and unweighted approaches based on a Principal Component Analysis [named Cytokine Component Index (CCI)] or averaging the (standardized) level of all cytokines [named Composite Inflammatory Index (CII)]. In regression analysis we found that PISA scores were significantly associated with both salivary cytokine constructs, (CCI: part R = 0.51, p<0.001; CII: part R = 0.40, p = 0.001) independent of age, gender and BMI showing that single scores summarizing salivary cytokines correlated with severity of clinical periodontal inflammation. Conclusions: Clinical periodontal inflammation may be reflected by a single score encompassing several salivary cytokines. These results are consistent with the complexity of interactions characterizing periodontal disease. In addition, Type I error is likely to be avoided.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Periodontitis ; Cytokines ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Inflammation ; Periodontal Diseases ; Saliva
Chemical Substances	Cytokines
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0280333
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Article ; Online: 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine-mediated DNA hypomethylation with and without concurrent insulin resistance suppresses myotube mitochondrial capacity.

Rivera, Caroline N / Kamer, Madison M / Cook, Norah E / McGovern, Macey R / Watne, Rachel M / Wommack, Andrew J / Vaughan, Roger A

Cell biochemistry and function

2023 Volume 41, Issue 8, Page(s) 1422–1429

Abstract: Type 2 diabetes is characterized by elevated blood glucose and reduced insulin sensitivity in target tissues. Moreover, reduced mitochondrial metabolism and expressional profile of genes governing mitochondrial metabolism (such as peroxisome proliferator- ...

Abstract	Type 2 diabetes is characterized by elevated blood glucose and reduced insulin sensitivity in target tissues. Moreover, reduced mitochondrial metabolism and expressional profile of genes governing mitochondrial metabolism (such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha [PGC-1α]) are also reduced during insulin resistance. Epigenetic regulation via DNA methylation of genes including PGC-1α may contribute to diminished mitochondrial capacity, while hypomethylation of PGC-1α (such as that invoked by exercise) has been associated with increased PGC-1α expression and favorable metabolic outcomes. The purpose of the present report is to characterize the effects of DNA hypomethylation on myotube metabolism and expression of several related metabolic targets. C2C12 myotubes were treated with 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-Aza) for either 24 or 72 h both with and without hyperinsulinemic-induced insulin resistance. Mitochondrial and glycolytic metabolism were measured via oxygen consumption and extracellular acidification rate, respectively. Metabolic gene and protein expression were assessed via quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis, respectively. Though expression of PGC-1α and other related targets remained unaltered, insulin resistance and 5-Aza treatment significantly reduced mitochondrial metabolism. Similarly, peak glycolytic metabolism was diminished by 5-Aza-treated cells, while basal glycolytic metabolism was unaltered. 5-Aza also reduced the expression of branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) catabolic components, however BCAA utilization was enhanced during insulin resistance with 5-Aza treatment. Together the present work provides proof-of-concept evidence of the potential role of DNA methylation in the regulation of mitochondrial metabolism and the potential interactions with insulin resistance in a model of skeletal muscle.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Insulin Resistance/genetics ; Decitabine/pharmacology ; DNA Methylation ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/metabolism ; Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism ; Insulin/metabolism ; Amino Acids, Branched-Chain/genetics ; Amino Acids, Branched-Chain/metabolism ; DNA/metabolism ; Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha/genetics ; Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha/metabolism ; Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha/pharmacology
Chemical Substances	Decitabine (776B62CQ27) ; Insulin ; Amino Acids, Branched-Chain ; DNA (9007-49-2) ; Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-02
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	283643-9
ISSN	1099-0844 ; 0263-6484
ISSN (online)	1099-0844
ISSN	0263-6484
DOI	10.1002/cbf.3878
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Article ; Online: What to Do When A Patient Infected With COVID-19 Needs An Operation

Erdinç Kamer / Tahsin Çolak

Turkish Journal of Colorectal Disease, Vol 30, Iss 1, Pp 1-

A Pre-surgery, Peri-surgery and Post-surgery Guide

2020 Volume 8

Abstract: The virus, called COVID-19, which has emerged in China in December 2019, has been known to spread through droplets and close contact, and has evolved into a pandemic today. It is also known that in all patients who have come into contact with COVID-19, ... ...

Abstract	The virus, called COVID-19, which has emerged in China in December 2019, has been known to spread through droplets and close contact, and has evolved into a pandemic today. It is also known that in all patients who have come into contact with COVID-19, the infection is not severe and may even occur without symptoms. There is no consensus yet on how to take measures to protect the patient and the surgeon in case of diseases requiring urgent or elective surgery, and how preoperative preparation, perioperative phase, and postoperative care should be performed. The aim of this study was to prepare a guide on how the surgeon should behave in patients whose operation is mandatory in light of the available data.
Keywords	covid-19 ; carona sars-cov-2 ; surgery guidelines ; Medicine ; R ; Internal medicine ; RC31-1245 ; Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology ; RC799-869 ; covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Galenos Yayinevi
Document type	Article ; Online
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