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  1. Article: Effect of Phytase Level and Form on Broiler Performance, Tibia Characteristics, and Residual Fecal Phytate Phosphorus in Broilers from 1 to 21 Days of Age.

    Hernandez, Jose R / Gulizia, Joseph P / Adkins, John B / Rueda, Martha S / Haruna, Samuel I / Pacheco, Wilmer J / Downs, Kevin M

    Animals : an open access journal from MDPI

    2022  Volume 12, Issue 15

    Abstract: The present study evaluated the individual and combined effects of coated and uncoated phytase on broiler performance, tibia characteristics, and residual phytate phosphorus (P) in manure. Two repeated studies were conducted using 240-day-old Cobb 500 by- ...

    Abstract The present study evaluated the individual and combined effects of coated and uncoated phytase on broiler performance, tibia characteristics, and residual phytate phosphorus (P) in manure. Two repeated studies were conducted using 240-day-old Cobb 500 by-product male broilers per trial. For each trial, birds were assigned to four treatments with four replicate battery cages per treatment (60 birds/trt) and grown for 21 days. Treatments included: (1) negative control (NC), (2) NC + 1000 phytase units (FTU) coated phytase (C), (3) NC + 1000 FTU uncoated phytase (U), and (4) NC + 500 FTU coated + 500 FTU uncoated phytase (CU). Data were analyzed with a one-way ANOVA and means were separated using Tukey’s HSD. In the pooled data for both trials, all treatments with dietary phytase had a higher body weight (BW) and feed consumption (FC) than the NC on day 21 (p < 0.05). Similarly, a six-point reduction was observed for day 1 to 21 feed conversion (FCR) for U and CU (p < 0.05). All treatments with phytase inclusion differed from the NC in every evaluated parameter for bone mineralization (p < 0.05) and had significantly lower fecal phytate P concentrations compared to the NC (p < 0.05). Overall, bird performance was essentially unaffected by phytase form, indicating that combining phytase forms does not appear to offer any advantage to the evaluated parameters from day 1 to 21.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-01
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2606558-7
    ISSN 2076-2615
    ISSN 2076-2615
    DOI 10.3390/ani12151952
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Finding the Balance of Less Is More.

    Good, Chester B / McConnell, Mark / Downs, John R

    JAMA internal medicine

    2016  Volume 176, Issue 2, Page(s) 282–283

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Unnecessary Procedures/psychology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comment ; Letter
    ZDB-ID 2699338-7
    ISSN 2168-6114 ; 2168-6106
    ISSN (online) 2168-6114
    ISSN 2168-6106
    DOI 10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.8089
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Invited commentary on the case series by J. Krishnan and W. Morrison: Airway pressure release ventilation: A Pediatric Case Series. Ped Pulmon 2007;42:83-88.

    Downs, John B

    Pediatric pulmonology

    2007  Volume 42, Issue 1, Page(s) 1–2

    Language English
    Publishing date 2007-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comment ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 632784-9
    ISSN 1099-0496 ; 8755-6863
    ISSN (online) 1099-0496
    ISSN 8755-6863
    DOI 10.1002/ppul.20548
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Synthesis and evaluation of highly potent HBV capsid assembly modulators (CAMs).

    Amblard, Franck / Chen, Zhe / Wiseman, John / Zhou, Shaoman / Liu, Peng / Salman, Mohammad / Verma, Kiran / Azadi, Niloufar / Downs-Bowen, Jessica / Tao, Sijia / Kumari, Amita / Zhang, Qingling / Smith, David B / Patel, Dharmeshkumar / Bassit, Leda / Schinazi, Raymond F

    Bioorganic chemistry

    2023  Volume 141, Page(s) 106923

    Abstract: Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a major global health burden. It affects more ...

    Abstract Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a major global health burden. It affects more than 290 million individuals worldwide and is responsible for approximately 900,000 deaths annually. Anti-HBV treatment with a nucleoside analog in combination with pegylated interferon are considered first-line therapy for patients with chronic HBV infection and liver inflammation. However, because cure rates are low, most patients will require lifetime treatment. HBV Capsid Assembly Modulators (CAMs) have emerged as a promising new class of compounds as they can affect levels of HBV covalently closed-circular DNA (cccDNA) associated with viral persistence. SAR studies around the core structure of lead HBV CAM GLP-26 (Fig. 1B) was performed and led to the discovery of non-toxic compound 10a displaying sub-nanomolar anti-HBV activity. Advanced toxicity and cellular pharmacology profiles of compounds 10a were also established and the results are discussed herein.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Capsid ; Hepatitis B virus ; Hepatitis B, Chronic/drug therapy ; Antiviral Agents/chemistry ; Capsid Proteins
    Chemical Substances Antiviral Agents ; Capsid Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 120080-x
    ISSN 1090-2120 ; 0045-2068
    ISSN (online) 1090-2120
    ISSN 0045-2068
    DOI 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106923
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Is supplemental oxygen necessary?

    Downs, John B

    Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia

    2006  Volume 20, Issue 2, Page(s) 133–135

    MeSH term(s) Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; Humans ; Hypoxia/etiology ; Hypoxia/metabolism ; Hypoxia/therapy ; Oxygen Consumption/physiology ; Oxygen Inhalation Therapy ; Postoperative Care/methods ; Postoperative Complications
    Language English
    Publishing date 2006-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comparative Study ; Editorial ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 1067317-9
    ISSN 1532-8422 ; 1053-0770
    ISSN (online) 1532-8422
    ISSN 1053-0770
    DOI 10.1053/j.jvca.2006.01.009
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Proposal for Coronavirus Disease 2019 Management.

    Downs, John B / Weled, Barry / Räsänen, Jukka / Haines, Krista L / Vidyasagar, Dharmapuri / Stock, M Christine / Habashi, Nader

    Critical care explorations

    2020  Volume 2, Issue 5, Page(s) e0127

    Abstract: Setting: The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has raised fear throughout the nation. Current news and social media predictions of ventilator, medication, and personnel shortages are rampant.: Patients: Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 are ... ...

    Abstract Setting: The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has raised fear throughout the nation. Current news and social media predictions of ventilator, medication, and personnel shortages are rampant.
    Patients: Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 are presenting with early respiratory distress and hypoxemia, but not hypercapnia.
    Interventions: Patients who maintain adequate alveolar ventilation, normocapnia, and adequate oxygenation may avoid the need for tracheal intubation. Facemask continuous positive airway pressure has been used to treat patients with respiratory distress for decades, including those with severe acute respiratory syndrome. Of importance, protocols were successful in protecting caregivers from contracting the virus, obviating the need for tracheal intubation just to limit the spread of potentially infectious particles.
    Conclusions: During a pandemic, with limited resources, we should provide the safest and most effective care, while protecting caregivers. Continuous positive airway pressure titrated to an effective level and applied early with a facemask may spare ventilator usage. Allowing spontaneous ventilation will decrease the need for sedative and paralytic drugs and may decrease the need for highly skilled nurses and respiratory therapists. These goals can be accomplished with devices that are readily available and easier to obtain than mechanical ventilators, which then can be reserved for the sickest patients.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2639-8028
    ISSN (online) 2639-8028
    DOI 10.1097/CCE.0000000000000127
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Decrease the incentives to order lipid panels.

    McConnell, Mark / Downs, John R / Good, Chester B

    JAMA internal medicine

    2014  Volume 174, Issue 3, Page(s) 473

    MeSH term(s) Cholesterol, LDL/blood ; Coronary Artery Disease/blood ; Female ; Humans ; Hypolipidemic Agents/therapeutic use ; Lipids/blood ; Male
    Chemical Substances Cholesterol, LDL ; Hypolipidemic Agents ; Lipids
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comment ; Letter
    ZDB-ID 2699338-7
    ISSN 2168-6114 ; 2168-6106
    ISSN (online) 2168-6114
    ISSN 2168-6106
    DOI 10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.12872
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Effect of Phytase Level and Form on Broiler Performance, Tibia Characteristics, and Residual Fecal Phytate Phosphorus in Broilers from 1 to 21 Days of Age

    Hernandez, Jose R. / Gulizia, Joseph P. / Adkins, John B. / Rueda, Martha S. / Haruna, Samuel I. / Pacheco, Wilmer J. / Downs, Kevin M.

    Animals. 2022 Aug. 01, v. 12, no. 15

    2022  

    Abstract: The present study evaluated the individual and combined effects of coated and uncoated phytase on broiler performance, tibia characteristics, and residual phytate phosphorus (P) in manure. Two repeated studies were conducted using 240-day-old Cobb 500 by- ...

    Abstract The present study evaluated the individual and combined effects of coated and uncoated phytase on broiler performance, tibia characteristics, and residual phytate phosphorus (P) in manure. Two repeated studies were conducted using 240-day-old Cobb 500 by-product male broilers per trial. For each trial, birds were assigned to four treatments with four replicate battery cages per treatment (60 birds/trt) and grown for 21 days. Treatments included: (1) negative control (NC), (2) NC + 1000 phytase units (FTU) coated phytase (C), (3) NC + 1000 FTU uncoated phytase (U), and (4) NC + 500 FTU coated + 500 FTU uncoated phytase (CU). Data were analyzed with a one-way ANOVA and means were separated using Tukey’s HSD. In the pooled data for both trials, all treatments with dietary phytase had a higher body weight (BW) and feed consumption (FC) than the NC on day 21 (p < 0.05). Similarly, a six-point reduction was observed for day 1 to 21 feed conversion (FCR) for U and CU (p < 0.05). All treatments with phytase inclusion differed from the NC in every evaluated parameter for bone mineralization (p < 0.05) and had significantly lower fecal phytate P concentrations compared to the NC (p < 0.05). Overall, bird performance was essentially unaffected by phytase form, indicating that combining phytase forms does not appear to offer any advantage to the evaluated parameters from day 1 to 21.
    Keywords batteries ; body weight ; bone mineralization ; byproducts ; feed conversion ; feed intake ; males ; phosphorus ; phytases ; phytic acid ; tibia
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-0801
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2606558-7
    ISSN 2076-2615
    ISSN 2076-2615
    DOI 10.3390/ani12151952
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  9. Article: Flow-S: A Field-Deployable Device with Minimal Hands-On Effort to Concentrate and Quantify

    de Jong, Daniëlle / Carrell, Cody / Maganga, Jane K / Mhango, Loyce / Shigella, Peter S / Gill, Maddy / Shogren, Ryan / Mullins, Brianna / Warrick, Jay W / Changalucha, John M / van Dam, Govert J / Pham, Khanh / Downs, Jennifer A / Corstjens, Paul L A M

    Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)

    2024  Volume 14, Issue 8

    Abstract: A laboratory-based lateral flow (LF) test that utilizes up-converting reporter particles (UCP) for ultrasensitive quantification ... ...

    Abstract A laboratory-based lateral flow (LF) test that utilizes up-converting reporter particles (UCP) for ultrasensitive quantification of
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-16
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2662336-5
    ISSN 2075-4418
    ISSN 2075-4418
    DOI 10.3390/diagnostics14080820
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Long-term cardiovascular risks and the impact of statin treatment on socioeconomic inequalities: a microsimulation model.

    Wu, Runguo / Williams, Claire / Zhou, Junwen / Schlackow, Iryna / Emberson, Jonathan / Reith, Christina / Keech, Anthony / Robson, John / Armitage, Jane / Gray, Alastair / Simes, John / Baigent, Colin / Mihaylova, Borislava / Barnes, Elizabeth / Blackwell, Lisa / Collins, Rory / Davies, Kelly / Fulcher, Jordan / Halls, Heather /
    Herrington, William G / Holland, Lisa / Kirby, Adrienne / O'Connell, Rachel / Preiss, David / Wilson, Kate / Blazing, Michael / Braunwald, Eugene / Lemos, James de / Murphy, Sabina / Pedersen, Terje R / Pfeffer, Marc / White, Harvey / Wiviott, Stephen / Clearfield, Michael / Downs, John R / Gotto, Antonio / Weis, Stephen / Fellström, Bengt / Holdaas, Hallvard / Jardine, Alan / Gordon, David / Davis, Barry / Furberg, Curt / Grimm, Richard / Pressel, Sara / Probstfield, Jeffrey L / Rahman, Mahboob / Simpson, Lara / Koren, Michael / Dahlöf, Björn / Gupta, Ajay / Poulter, Neil / Sever, Peter / Wedel, Hans / Knopp, Robert H / Cobbe, Stuart / Schmieder, Roland / Zannad, Faiez / Betteridge, D John / Colhoun, Helen M / Durrington, Paul N / Fuller, John / Hitman, Graham A / Neil, Andrew / Hawkins, C Morton / Moyé, Lemuel / Sacks, Frank / Kjekshus, John / Wikstrand, John / Wanner, Christoph / Krane, Vera / Franzosi, Maria Grazia / Latini, Roberto / Lucci, Donata / Maggioni, Aldo / Marchioli, Roberto / Nicolis, Enrico B / Tavazzi, Luigi / Tognoni, Gianni / Bosch, Jackie / Lonn, Eva / Yusuf, Salim / Bowman, Louise / Landray, Martin / Parish, Sarah / Peto, Richard / Sleight, Peter / Kastelein, John Jp / Glynn, Robert / Koenig, Wolfgang / MacFadyen, Jean / Ridker, Paul M / MacMahon, Stephen / Marschner, Ian / Tonkin, Andrew / Shaw, John / Serruys, Patrick W / Knatterud, Genell / Blauw, Gerard J / Ford, Ian / Macfarlane, Peter / Packard, Chris / Sattar, Naveed / Shepherd, James / Trompet, Stella / Cannon, Christopher P / Bulbulia, Richard / Haynes, Richard / Amarenco, Pierre / Welch, K Michael / Wilhelmsen, Lars / Barter, Philip / LaRosa, John / Kean, Sharon / Roberston, Michele / Young, Robin / Arashi, Hiroyuki / Clarke, Robert / Flather, Marcus / Goto, Shinya / Goldbourt, Uri / Hopewell, Jemma / Hovingh, G Kees / Kitas, George / Newman, Connie / Sabatine, Marc S / Schwartz, Gregory G / Smeeth, Liam / Tobert, Jonathan / Varigos, John / Yamamguchi, Junichi

    The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners

    2024  

    Abstract: Background: UK cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence and mortality have declined in recent decades but socioeconomic inequalities persist.: Aim: To present a new CVD model, and project health outcomes and the impact of guideline-recommended statin ... ...

    Abstract Background: UK cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence and mortality have declined in recent decades but socioeconomic inequalities persist.
    Aim: To present a new CVD model, and project health outcomes and the impact of guideline-recommended statin treatment across quintiles of socioeconomic deprivation in the UK.
    Design and setting: A lifetime microsimulation model was developed using 117 896 participants in 16 statin trials, 501 854 UK Biobank (UKB) participants, and quality-of-life data from national health surveys.
    Method: A CVD microsimulation model was developed using risk equations for myocardial infarction, stroke, coronary revascularisation, cancer, and vascular and non-vascular death, estimated using trial data. The authors calibrated and further developed this model in the UKB cohort, including further characteristics and a diabetes risk equation, and validated the model in UKB and Whitehall II cohorts. The model was used to predict CVD incidence, life expectancy, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), and the impact of UK guideline-recommended statin treatment across socioeconomic deprivation quintiles.
    Results: Age, sex, socioeconomic deprivation, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular events were key CVD risk determinants. Model-predicted event rates corresponded well to observed rates across participant categories. The model projected strong gradients in remaining life expectancy, with 4-5-year (5-8 QALYs) gaps between the least and most socioeconomically deprived quintiles. Guideline-recommended statin treatment was projected to increase QALYs, with larger gains in quintiles of higher deprivation.
    Conclusion: The study demonstrated the potential of guideline-recommended statin treatment to reduce socioeconomic inequalities. This CVD model is a novel resource for individualised long-term projections of health outcomes of CVD treatments.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1043148-2
    ISSN 1478-5242 ; 0035-8797 ; 0960-1643
    ISSN (online) 1478-5242
    ISSN 0035-8797 ; 0960-1643
    DOI 10.3399/BJGP.2023.0198
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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