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  1. Article ; Online: Does the initial surgery for necrotizing enterocolitis matter? Comparative outcomes for laparotomy vs. peritoneal drain as initial surgery for necrotizing enterocolitis in infants <1000 g birth weight.

    Yanowitz, Toby Debra / Sullivan, Kevin M / Piazza, Anthony J / Brozanski, Beverly / Zaniletti, Isabella / Sharma, Jotishna / DiGeronimo, Robert / Nayak, Sujir Pritha / Wadhawan, Rajan / Reber, Kristina M / Murthy, Karna

    Journal of pediatric surgery

    2019  Volume 54, Issue 4, Page(s) 712–717

    Abstract: Purpose: Quantify short-term outcomes associated with initial surgery [laparotomy (LAP) vs. peritoneal drain (PD)] for necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in extremely-low-birth-weight (ELBW) infants.: Methods: Using the Children's Hospitals Neonatal ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Quantify short-term outcomes associated with initial surgery [laparotomy (LAP) vs. peritoneal drain (PD)] for necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in extremely-low-birth-weight (ELBW) infants.
    Methods: Using the Children's Hospitals Neonatal Database, we identified ELBW infants <32 weeks' gestation with surgical NEC (sNEC). Unadjusted and multivariable regression analyses were used to estimate the associations between LAP (or PD) and death/short bowel syndrome (SBS) and length of stay (LOS).
    Results: LAP was the more common initial procedure for sNEC (n = 359/528, 68%). Infants receiving LAP were older and heavier. Initial procedure was unrelated to death/SBS in both bivariate (LAP: 43% vs PD: 46%, p = 0.573) and multivariable analyses (OR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.57, 1.38, p = 0.6). LAP was inversely related to mortality (29% vs. 41%, p < 0.007) in bivariate analysis, but not significant in multivariable analysis accounting for markers of preoperative illness severity. However, the association between LAP and SBS (14% vs. 5%, p = 0.012) remained significant in multivariable analyses (adjusted OR = 2.25, p = 0.039). LOS among survivors was unrelated to the first surgical procedure in multivariable analysis.
    Conclusion: ELBW infants who undergo LAP as the initial operative procedure for sNEC may be at higher risk for SBS without a clear in-hospital survival advantage or shorter hospitalization.
    Level of evidence: Level II.
    MeSH term(s) Birth Weight ; Databases, Factual ; Drainage/adverse effects ; Drainage/methods ; Enterocolitis, Necrotizing/mortality ; Enterocolitis, Necrotizing/surgery ; Female ; Hospitals, Pediatric ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Extremely Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Laparotomy/adverse effects ; Laparotomy/methods ; Length of Stay/statistics & numerical data ; Peritoneum/surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Short Bowel Syndrome/epidemiology ; Short Bowel Syndrome/etiology ; Survival Rate ; Treatment Outcome
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-01-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80165-3
    ISSN 1531-5037 ; 0022-3468
    ISSN (online) 1531-5037
    ISSN 0022-3468
    DOI 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2018.12.010
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Broad-spectrum G protein-coupled receptor antagonist, [D-Arg1,D-Trp5,7,9,Leu11]SP: a dual inhibitor of growth and angiogenesis in pancreatic cancer.

    Guha, Sushovan / Eibl, Guido / Kisfalvi, Krisztina / Fan, Robert S / Burdick, Marie / Reber, Howard / Hines, Oscar J / Strieter, Robert / Rozengurt, Enrique

    Cancer research

    2005  Volume 65, Issue 7, Page(s) 2738–2745

    Abstract: Substance P analogues, including [D-Arg(1),D-Trp(5,7,9),Leu(11)]SP (SPA) are broad-spectrum G ...

    Abstract Substance P analogues, including [D-Arg(1),D-Trp(5,7,9),Leu(11)]SP (SPA) are broad-spectrum G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) antagonists that have potential antitumorigenic activities, although the mechanism(s) are not completely understood. Here, we examined the effects of SPA in ductal pancreatic cancers that express multiple GPCRs for mitogenic agonists and also produce proangiogenic chemokines. Using HPAF-II, a well-differentiated pancreatic cancer cell line as our model system, we showed that SPA inhibited multiple neuropeptide-induced Ca(2+) mobilization, DNA synthesis, and anchorage-independent growth in vitro. SPA also significantly attenuated the growth of HPAF-II tumor xenografts in nude mice beyond the treatment period. Interestingly, SPA markedly increased apoptosis but moderately decreased proliferation marker, Ki-67 in the tumor xenografts implying additional mechanism(s) for the significant growth inhibitory effect observed in vivo. HPAF-II cells express ELR(+) CXC chemokines, including IL-8/CXCL8, which bind to CXCR2 (a member of GPCR superfamily) and promote angiogenesis in multiple cancers, including pancreatic cancer. SPA inhibited CXCR2-mediated Ca(2+) mobilization and blocked specifically IL-8/CXCL8-induced angiogenesis in rat corneal micropocket assay in vivo. A salient feature of the results presented here is that SPA markedly reduced tumor-associated angiogenesis in the HPAF-II xenografts in vivo. Our results show that SPA, a broad-spectrum GPCR antagonist attenuates tumor growth in pancreatic cancer via a dual mechanism involving both the antiproliferative and antiangiogenic properties. We conclude that this novel dual-inhibitory property of SPA could be of significant therapeutic value in pancreatic cancer, when used in combination with other antiproliferative and/or antiangiogenic agents.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Apoptosis/drug effects ; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/blood supply ; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/drug therapy ; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/pathology ; Cell Growth Processes/drug effects ; Cornea/blood supply ; DNA, Neoplasm/biosynthesis ; Humans ; Interleukin-8/antagonists & inhibitors ; Ki-67 Antigen/biosynthesis ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Neovascularization, Pathologic/drug therapy ; Neovascularization, Pathologic/pathology ; Neovascularization, Physiologic/drug effects ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/blood supply ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology ; Rats ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/agonists ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/antagonists & inhibitors ; Substance P/analogs & derivatives ; Substance P/pharmacology ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
    Chemical Substances DNA, Neoplasm ; Interleukin-8 ; Ki-67 Antigen ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled ; substance P, Arg(1)-Trp(5,7,9)-Leu(11)- ; Substance P (33507-63-0)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2005-04-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 1432-1
    ISSN 1538-7445 ; 0008-5472
    ISSN (online) 1538-7445
    ISSN 0008-5472
    DOI 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-04-3197
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Book ; Online: Problemlösung durch Steuerungsmodelle in der Organisation und an Schnittstellen des österreichischen Gesundheitswesens

    Reber, Gerhard

    (Gesundheitswissenschaften Dokumente ; 2)

    2005  

    Author's details Univ.-Prof. Dr. Dr. Gerhard Reber, MBA
    Series title Gesundheitswissenschaften Dokumente ; 2
    Gesundheitswissenschaften Dokument
    Collection Gesundheitswissenschaften Dokument
    Subject code 610
    Language German
    Size 1 Online-Ressource (30 Seiten)
    Publisher Oberösterreichische Gebietskrankenkasse
    Publishing place Linz
    Publishing country Austria
    Document type Book ; Online
    HBZ-ID HT019307426
    DOI 10.4126/FRL01-006402201
    Database Repository for Life Sciences

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  4. Article: G protein-coupled receptor signaling in human ductal pancreatic cancer cells: neurotensin responsiveness and mitogenic stimulation.

    Ryder, N M / Guha, S / Hines, O J / Reber, H A / Rozengurt, E

    Journal of cellular physiology

    2001  Volume 186, Issue 1, Page(s) 53–64

    Abstract: Neuropeptides and their corresponding G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are increasingly ...

    Abstract Neuropeptides and their corresponding G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are increasingly implicated in the autocrine/paracrine stimulation of growth of human cancers. We report that neurotensin induced rapid Ca2+ mobilization from intracellular stores followed by Ca2+ influx in five human ductal pancreatic cancer cell lines: HPAF-II, Capan-1, Capan-2, PANC-1, and MIA PaCa-2. In addition, most cell lines exhibited Ca2+ responses to multiple neuropeptides including bombesin, bradykinin, cholecystokinin, and vasopressin and to bioactive lipids, including lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), that also act via GPCRs. The well-differentiated line HPAF-II responded to at least seven independent GPCR agonists. The concentrations of neurotensin required to induce half-maximal effects (EC50) in HPAF-II and PANC-1 cells were 5 and 8nM, respectively. Digital fluorescence image analysis to measure Ca2+ responses in single cells revealed that 90% or more of HPAF-II and PANC-1 cells responded to 10nM neurotensin. Addition of neurotensin to PANC-1 cells also induced rapid and dose-dependent extracellular-regulated protein kinase (ERK-1 and ERK-2) activation and subsequently, stimulated DNA synthesis. The signaling complexity of GPCRs uncovered by these studies reveals a new aspect in the biology of human pancreatic cancer and could offer the basis for new approaches to the treatment of this disease.
    MeSH term(s) Bombesin/pharmacology ; Calcium/physiology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Enzyme Activation/drug effects ; GTP-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Intracellular Membranes/metabolism ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Mitogens/pharmacology ; Neurotensin/pharmacology ; Osmolar Concentration ; Pancreatic Ducts ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/physiopathology ; Receptors, Cell Surface/agonists ; Receptors, Cell Surface/antagonists & inhibitors ; Receptors, Cell Surface/physiology ; Signal Transduction/drug effects ; Signal Transduction/physiology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
    Chemical Substances Mitogens ; Receptors, Cell Surface ; Neurotensin (39379-15-2) ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (EC 2.7.11.24) ; GTP-Binding Proteins (EC 3.6.1.-) ; Bombesin (PX9AZU7QPK) ; Calcium (SY7Q814VUP)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2001-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 3116-1
    ISSN 1097-4652 ; 0021-9541
    ISSN (online) 1097-4652
    ISSN 0021-9541
    DOI 10.1002/1097-4652(200101)186:1<53::AID-JCP1004>3.0.CO;2-Q
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Arbiters of Time: The Experience of Adults Aging with Spinal Cord Injury.

    Reber, Lisa / Tan, Nasya S W / Meade, Michelle A / Forchheimer, Martin / Tate, Denise G / Clarke, Philippa

    Journal of ageing and longevity

    2024  Volume 3, Issue 1

    Abstract: Time is a fundamental component of our lives. It is both objective, a structure outside of ourselves, and subjective, an element that is relative to the life we live and how we experience it. The disabled body must come to terms with time to understand ... ...

    Abstract Time is a fundamental component of our lives. It is both objective, a structure outside of ourselves, and subjective, an element that is relative to the life we live and how we experience it. The disabled body must come to terms with time to understand the future impact of the injury and its progression, as well as how the injury will impose a new more accelerated aging process in the body, resulting in a compressed lifespan. The body also challenges time's control of the body. This paper extends the literature on the study of time to the experience of adults aging with a spinal cord injury (SCI). Drawing from interviews conducted with adults with long-term SCI, it examines how their narratives about aging and the proactive management of their lives reflect their orientation toward and anticipation of the future. Recognizing that the spoken word often carries a multiplicity of meanings, it considers what participants' words might imply about their engagement with time. The results of this study show that the process of aging is characterized by uncertainty and the expectations of functional and health decline, requiring a sense of urgency and vigilance in the face of the uncertain course of aging with SCI. Participants understood that their lifespan was compressed due to the physiological impact of accelerated aging. Knowledge of this compression made time a scarce resource. Yet, despite it being the arbiters of their futures, so too were they the arbiters of time.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-11
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2673-9259
    ISSN (online) 2673-9259
    DOI 10.3390/jal3010005
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Subcutaneous

    Mazzari, Giulia / Lowry, Christopher A / Langgartner, Dominik / Reber, Stefan O

    Neurobiology of stress

    2023  Volume 26, Page(s) 100568

    Abstract: Chronic psychosocial stress is a burden of modern society and poses a clear risk factor for a plethora of somatic and affective disorders, of which most are associated with an activated immune status and chronic low-grade inflammation. Preclinical and ... ...

    Abstract Chronic psychosocial stress is a burden of modern society and poses a clear risk factor for a plethora of somatic and affective disorders, of which most are associated with an activated immune status and chronic low-grade inflammation. Preclinical and clinical studies further suggest that a failure in immunoregulation promotes an over-reaction of the inflammatory stress response and, thus, predisposes an individual to the development of stress-related disorders. Therefore, all genetic (i.e., sex) and environmental (i.e., early life adversity; ELA) factors facilitating an adult's inflammatory stress response are likely to increase their stress vulnerability. In the present study we investigated whether repeated subcutaneous (s.c.) administrations with a heat-killed preparation of
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2816500-7
    ISSN 2352-2895
    ISSN 2352-2895
    DOI 10.1016/j.ynstr.2023.100568
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Non-Contact Face Temperature Measurement by Thermopile-Based Data Fusion.

    Bhatti, Faraz / Engel, Grischan / Hampel, Joachim / Khalil, Chaimae / Reber, Andreas / Kray, Stefan / Greiner, Thomas

    Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

    2023  Volume 23, Issue 18

    Abstract: Thermal imaging cameras and infrared (IR) temperature measurement devices act as state-of-the-art techniques for non-contact temperature determination of the skin surface. The former is cost-intensive in many cases for widespread application, and the ... ...

    Abstract Thermal imaging cameras and infrared (IR) temperature measurement devices act as state-of-the-art techniques for non-contact temperature determination of the skin surface. The former is cost-intensive in many cases for widespread application, and the latter requires manual alignment to the measuring point. Due to this background, this paper proposes a new method for automated, non-contact, and area-specific temperature measurement of the facial skin surface. It is based on the combined use of a low-cost thermopile sensor matrix and a 2D image sensor. The temperature values as well as the 2D image data are fused using a parametric affine transformation. Based on face recognition, this allows temperature values to be assigned to selected facial regions and used specifically to determine the skin surface temperature. The advantages of the proposed method are described. It is demonstrated by means of a participant study that the temperature absolute values, which are achieved without manual alignment in an automated manner, are comparable to a commercially available IR-based forehead thermometer.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-06
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2052857-7
    ISSN 1424-8220 ; 1424-8220
    ISSN (online) 1424-8220
    ISSN 1424-8220
    DOI 10.3390/s23187680
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Motor precision deficits in clinical high risk for psychosis.

    Damme, Katherine S F / Han, Y Catherine / Han, Ziyan / Reber, Paul J / Mittal, Vijay A

    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience

    2023  

    Abstract: ... literature has often targeted a complex abnormality (e.g., gesture dysfunction, dyskinesia), or a single ... fundamental domain (e.g., accuracy) but rarely provided critical information about several of the individual ...

    Abstract Motor deficits appear prior to psychosis onset, provide insight into vulnerability as well as mechanisms that give rise to emerging illness, and are predictive of conversion. However, to date, the extant literature has often targeted a complex abnormality (e.g., gesture dysfunction, dyskinesia), or a single fundamental domain (e.g., accuracy) but rarely provided critical information about several of the individual components that make up more complex behaviors (or deficits). This preliminary study applies a novel implicit motor task to assess domains of motor accuracy, speed, recognition, and precision in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR-p). Sixty participants (29 CHR-p; 31 healthy volunteers) completed clinical symptom interviews and a novel Serial Interception Sequence Learning (SISL) task that assessed implicit motor sequence accuracy, speed, precision, and explicit sequence recognition. These metrics were examined in multilevel models that enabled the examination of overall effects and changes in motor domains over blocks of trials and by positive/negative symptom severity. Implicit motor sequence accuracy, speed, and explicit sequence recognition were not detected as impacted in CHR-p. When compared to healthy controls, individuals at CHR-p were less precise in motor responses both overall (d = 0.91) and particularly in early blocks which normalized over later blocks. Within the CHR-p group, these effects were related to positive symptom levels (t = - 2.22, p = 0.036), such that individuals with higher symptom levels did not improve in motor precision over time (r's = 0.01-0.05, p's > 0.54). CHR-p individuals showed preliminary evidence of motor precision deficits but no other motor domain deficits, particularly in early performance that normalized with practice.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-17
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1045583-8
    ISSN 1433-8491 ; 0175-758X ; 0940-1334
    ISSN (online) 1433-8491
    ISSN 0175-758X ; 0940-1334
    DOI 10.1007/s00406-023-01645-3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Camera-based automated monitoring of flying insects (Camfi). I. Field and computational methods.

    Wallace, Jesse Rudolf Amenuvegbe / Reber, Therese Maria Joanna / Dreyer, David / Beaton, Brendan / Zeil, Jochen / Warrant, Eric

    Frontiers in insect science

    2023  Volume 3, Page(s) 1240400

    Abstract: ... resolution (e.g. trapping and direct observation), or are expensive, technically complex, and require vehicle ... access to field sites (e.g. radar and lidar entomology). We propose a method called "Camfi" for long-term ...

    Abstract The ability to measure flying insect activity and abundance is important for ecologists, conservationists and agronomists alike. However, existing methods are laborious and produce data with low temporal resolution (e.g. trapping and direct observation), or are expensive, technically complex, and require vehicle access to field sites (e.g. radar and lidar entomology). We propose a method called "Camfi" for long-term non-invasive population monitoring and high-throughput behavioural observation of low-flying insects using images and videos obtained from wildlife cameras, which are inexpensive and simple to operate. To facilitate very large monitoring programs, we have developed and implemented a tool for automatic detection and annotation of flying insect targets in still images or video clips based on the popular Mask R-CNN framework. This tool can be trained to detect and annotate insects in a few hours, taking advantage of transfer learning. Our method will prove invaluable for ongoing efforts to understand the behaviour and ecology of declining insect populations and could also be applied to agronomy. The method is particularly suited to studies of low-flying insects in remote areas, and is suitable for very large-scale monitoring programs, or programs with relatively low budgets.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-13
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 3123819-1
    ISSN 2673-8600 ; 2673-8600
    ISSN (online) 2673-8600
    ISSN 2673-8600
    DOI 10.3389/finsc.2023.1240400
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  10. Article ; Online: Interference of the novel designer benzodiazepine 4'-chloro deschloroalprazolam with alprazolam analysis in toxicology and seized drug DUID casework.

    Reber, Jami D / Rodgers, Corissa / Ayala, Jessica L / Miller, James / Stout, Peter / Lee, Dayong

    Journal of analytical toxicology

    2023  Volume 47, Issue 8, Page(s) 680–684

    Abstract: ... quantification criteria (e.g., retention time) were acceptable. Additionally, the seized drug and toxicology ...

    Abstract In recent years, the emergence of the novel designer benzodiazepine 4'-chloro deschloroalprazolam has presented a new challenge for forensic laboratories by interfering with the identification and quantitation of alprazolam. As an isomer of alprazolam, 4'-chloro deschloroalprazolam has similar physicochemical properties and can be misidentified in casework samples as alprazolam without a specific method to differentiate the two analytes. Starting in late 2021, the Houston Forensic Science Center (HFSC) received toxicological and seized drug evidence indicating the presence of 4'-chloro deschloroalprazolam. An interference study was performed to supplement the laboratory's validated benzodiazepines method for toxicological samples to differentiate alprazolam from 4'-chloro deschloroalprazolam. This study showed that while the isomers could not be chromatographically resolved using the current method, they could be differentiated based on their retention times relative to the internal standard, alprazolam-d5. Based on these findings, the HFSC toxicology laboratory reports test results as "unsuitable for analysis due to an interference" if a suspected alprazolam peak elutes before the alprazolam-d5 peak, even if all identification and quantification criteria (e.g., retention time) were acceptable. Additionally, the seized drug and toxicology laboratories re-evaluated previously analyzed alprazolam-positive casework to determine if suspected 4'-chloro deschloroalprazolam had been misidentified as alprazolam. This report presents three cases: one case with toxicological evidence indicating the presence of both 4'-chloro deschloroalprazolam and alprazolam, and two cases with both seized drug material and toxicology evidence indicating the presence of 4'chloro deschloroalprazolam with no detected alprazolam.
    MeSH term(s) Benzodiazepines ; Alprazolam/analysis ; Forensic Toxicology ; Forensic Medicine ; Isomerism
    Chemical Substances Benzodiazepines (12794-10-4) ; Alprazolam (YU55MQ3IZY)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 752391-9
    ISSN 1945-2403 ; 0146-4760
    ISSN (online) 1945-2403
    ISSN 0146-4760
    DOI 10.1093/jat/bkad047
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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