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Article ; Online: A Pathway To Consumer-Driven Universal Coverage.

Roy, Avik

2020 Volume 39, Issue 3, Page(s) 519–524

Abstract: Enrollment in the Marketplaces of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) has fallen short of original expectations, because the ACA's regulatory changes made coverage costlier for many Americans with incomes above 150 percent of the federal poverty level. There ... ...

Abstract	Enrollment in the Marketplaces of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) has fallen short of original expectations, because the ACA's regulatory changes made coverage costlier for many Americans with incomes above 150 percent of the federal poverty level. There are ways to strengthen and expand the role of the individual market in providing affordable, personalized options to all nonelderly Americans. These include insured people in costly group plans, uninsured people in good health but without affordable options, those with preexisting conditions, and those who live in states that did not expand eligibility for Medicaid. A more robust individual market could expand coverage so that it would be more sustainable than the status quo. Much as the authors of the Affordable Care Act drew on Massachusetts reforms signed into law by Gov. Mitt Romney (R), market-oriented health reformers should learn from the ACA and Medicare's private insurance programs in order to build a personalized, consumer-driven path toward universal coverage.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Health Insurance Exchanges ; Humans ; Insurance Coverage ; Insurance, Health ; Massachusetts ; Medicaid ; Medically Uninsured ; Medicare ; Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act ; United States ; Universal Health Insurance
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	632712-6
ISSN	1544-5208 ; 0278-2715
ISSN (online)	1544-5208
ISSN	0278-2715
DOI	10.1377/hlthaff.2019.01435
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Article ; Online: Corrigendum to "Upregulation of tripeptidyl-peptidase 1 by 3-hydroxy-(2,2)-dimethyl butyrate, a brain endogenous ligand of PPARα: Implications for late-infantile Batten disease therapy" [Neurobiology of Disease 127 (2019) 362-373].

Chakrabarti, Sudipta / Chandra, Sujyoti / Roy, Avik / Kundu, Madhuchhanda / Pahan, Kalipada

Neurobiology of disease

2024 Volume 194, Page(s) 106479

Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Published Erratum
ZDB-ID	1211786-9
ISSN	1095-953X ; 0969-9961
ISSN (online)	1095-953X
ISSN	0969-9961
DOI	10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106479
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Article ; Online: Outcomes of Ahmed glaucoma valve surgery performed by glaucoma fellows - A large retrospective study from Eastern India.

Roy, Avik K / Khan, Sardar M / Rao, Aparna

Indian journal of ophthalmology

2024

Abstract: Purpose: Teaching and training of glaucoma fellows on the technique of Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implantation surgery is very important. The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical outcomes and complications of AGV surgery performed by ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: Teaching and training of glaucoma fellows on the technique of Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implantation surgery is very important. The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical outcomes and complications of AGV surgery performed by glaucoma fellows of a tertiary eye center from eastern India. Methods: This was a retrospective study based on electronic medical records. Thirty-five eyes operated with AGV by five glaucoma fellows from January 2016 to November 2020 were included. Best-corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP), and number of antiglaucoma medications (AGMs) were the study outcome measures. Results: The mean (±standard deviation) age of the patients was 40.5 (±19.7) years. The follow-up period was 24.37 (±13.01) months. Both complete success (IOP <21 mmHg without additional AGM) and qualified success (IOP <21 mmHg with an additional AGM) were achieved in eight eyes each (22.8%). Failure of the surgery was noted in 19 eyes (54.3%) as there was a need for repeat surgery for IOP control in 12 eyes and a persistent IOP spike (IOP >21 mmHg with AGM beyond 3 months) in seven eyes. Despite a high rate of failure of the primary surgery, with the consultants' intervention, there was statistically significant improvement in vision and IOP in all patients (P < 0.01) at the last follow-up. Conclusion: AGV implantation is a challenging surgical skill to be acquired by the glaucoma fellows.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-08
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	187392-1
ISSN	1998-3689 ; 0301-4738
ISSN (online)	1998-3689
ISSN	0301-4738
DOI	10.4103/IJO.IJO_2797_23
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Article: Targeting BPOZ-2 in Lewy body disease.

Roy, Avik

Neural regeneration research

2016 Volume 11, Issue 6, Page(s) 910–911

Language	English
Publishing date	2016-06-27
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2388460-5
ISSN	1876-7958 ; 1673-5374
ISSN (online)	1876-7958
ISSN	1673-5374
DOI	10.4103/1673-5374.184483
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Article ; Online: A detailed study of interpretability of deep neural network based top taggers

Ayush Khot / Mark S Neubauer / Avik Roy

Machine Learning: Science and Technology, Vol 4, Iss 3, p

2023 Volume 035003

Abstract: Recent developments in the methods of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) allow researchers to explore the inner workings of deep neural networks (DNNs), revealing crucial information about input–output relationships and realizing how data connects ...

Abstract	Recent developments in the methods of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) allow researchers to explore the inner workings of deep neural networks (DNNs), revealing crucial information about input–output relationships and realizing how data connects with machine learning models. In this paper we explore interpretability of DNN models designed to identify jets coming from top quark decay in high energy proton–proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider. We review a subset of existing top tagger models and explore different quantitative methods to identify which features play the most important roles in identifying the top jets. We also investigate how and why feature importance varies across different XAI metrics, how correlations among features impact their explainability, and how latent space representations encode information as well as correlate with physically meaningful quantities. Our studies uncover some major pitfalls of existing XAI methods and illustrate how they can be overcome to obtain consistent and meaningful interpretation of these models. We additionally illustrate the activity of hidden layers as neural activation pattern diagrams and demonstrate how they can be used to understand how DNNs relay information across the layers and how this understanding can help to make such models significantly simpler by allowing effective model reoptimization and hyperparameter tuning. These studies not only facilitate a methodological approach to interpreting models but also unveil new insights about what these models learn. Incorporating these observations into augmented model design, we propose the particle flow interaction network model and demonstrate how interpretability-inspired model augmentation can improve top tagging performance.
Keywords	explainable AI ; interpretable machine learning ; jet classification with deep learning ; Computer engineering. Computer hardware ; TK7885-7895 ; Electronic computers. Computer science ; QA75.5-76.95
Subject code	006
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	IOP Publishing
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article: Outcomes of "Complex" Cataract Surgeries Performed by Long-Term Glaucoma Fellows in a Tertiary Eye Centre from Eastern India.

Roy, Avik / Almeida, Argentino / Rao, Aparna

Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)

2023 Volume 17, Page(s) 1315–1321

Abstract: Purpose: To evaluate the outcomes of operating on "complex cataracts" by the glaucoma fellows.: Patients and methods: This was a retrospective study done at a tertiary referral eye care centre in eastern India. After obtaining IRB approval, a ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: To evaluate the outcomes of operating on "complex cataracts" by the glaucoma fellows. Patients and methods: This was a retrospective study done at a tertiary referral eye care centre in eastern India. After obtaining IRB approval, a retrospective chart review of all patients who underwent "complex" cataract surgery by one of four long-term (2 years) glaucoma fellows between January 2016 and November 2020 was conducted. 'Complex' was defined as cataracts complicated with pseudoexfoliation syndrome, phacodonesis with or without blunt ocular trauma, posterior polar cataract, small pupil, co-existent corneal opacity or uveal coloboma, post-glaucoma filtering surgery, post-vitreoretinal surgery, co-existent glaucoma or post-laser iridotomy and monocular patients. Results: Out of a total of 677 eyes done by the glaucoma fellows during the study period, 83 eyes had complex cataract surgery and completed the six-week post-operative follow-up. Intraoperative surgical complications like posterior capsular rent or vitreous loss were noted in 36 of the cases. Thirty of the eyes were left aphakic. Despite a high rate of complications, the LogMAR best-corrected visual acuity (mean ± standard deviation) improved from the preoperative level of 1.7 (±0.5) to 1.0 (± 0.8) at post-operative six weeks, significant at p < 0.001. As far as the surgeon's experience was concerned-less than or more than a year since joining the fellowship-there was statistically no difference in the final visual acuity. The group with greater experience had shorter surgical time and lesser complications though this difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: This is the first study in the literature reporting the outcomes of "complex" cataract surgery performed by glaucoma fellows. Though high rates of postoperative complications were noted in this study, the mean best-corrected visual acuity improved significantly in all eyes after the surgery.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-05
Publishing country	New Zealand
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1177-5467
ISSN	1177-5467
DOI	10.2147/OPTH.S405772
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Article ; Online: New kind of electride sandwich complexes based on the cyclooctatetraene ligand M

Sinha Roy, Ria / Ghosh, Avik / Banerjee, Soumadip / Ghosh, Suniti / Das, Abhijit K

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP

2023 Volume 25, Issue 6, Page(s) 4710–4723

Abstract: In the present study, the electronic structures of a series of binuclear sandwich complexes based on the cyclooctatetraene ligand ... ...

Abstract	In the present study, the electronic structures of a series of binuclear sandwich complexes based on the cyclooctatetraene ligand M
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1476244-4
ISSN	1463-9084 ; 1463-9076
ISSN (online)	1463-9084
ISSN	1463-9076
DOI	10.1039/d2cp04127h
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Article: Correction: Potential molecular mechanisms of chronic fatigue in long haul COVID and other viral diseases.

Gottschalk, Carl Gunnar / Peterson, Daniel / Armstrong, Jan / Knox, Konstance / Roy, Avik

Infectious agents and cancer

2023 Volume 18, Issue 1, Page(s) 23

Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	Published Erratum
ZDB-ID	2251117-9
ISSN	1750-9378
ISSN	1750-9378
DOI	10.1186/s13027-023-00505-y
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Article ; Online: Muscle-building supplement β-hydroxy β-methylbutyrate binds to PPARα to improve hippocampal functions in mice.

Paidi, Ramesh K / Raha, Sumita / Roy, Avik / Pahan, Kalipada

Cell reports

2023 Volume 42, Issue 7, Page(s) 112717

Abstract: This study underlines the importance of β-hydroxy β-methylbutyrate (HMB), a muscle-building supplement in human, in increasing mouse hippocampal plasticity. Detailed proteomic analyses reveal that HMB serves as a ligand of peroxisome proliferator- ... ...

Abstract	This study underlines the importance of β-hydroxy β-methylbutyrate (HMB), a muscle-building supplement in human, in increasing mouse hippocampal plasticity. Detailed proteomic analyses reveal that HMB serves as a ligand of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), a nuclear hormone receptor involved in fat metabolism, via interaction with the Y314 residue. Accordingly, HMB is ineffective in increasing plasticity of PPARα
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Mice ; Alzheimer Disease/drug therapy ; Alzheimer Disease/metabolism ; Hippocampus/metabolism ; Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism ; Muscles/metabolism ; PPAR alpha/metabolism ; Proteomics
Chemical Substances	beta-hydroxyisovaleric acid (3F752311CD) ; PPAR alpha
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	2649101-1
ISSN	2211-1247 ; 2211-1247
ISSN (online)	2211-1247
ISSN	2211-1247
DOI	10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112717
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Article ; Online: Prediction of consumers refill frequency of LPG

Shrawan Kumar Trivedi / Abhijit Deb Roy / Praveen Kumar / Debashish Jena / Avik Sinha

Heliyon, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp e23466- (2024)

A study using explainable machine learning

1481

Abstract: Launched in 2016, the PMUY Programme of the Government of India aimed to provide 8 crore LPG connections to women in rural households over four years. After acquiring a new connection, some households appeared uninterested in ordering subsequent ... ...

Abstract	Launched in 2016, the PMUY Programme of the Government of India aimed to provide 8 crore LPG connections to women in rural households over four years. After acquiring a new connection, some households appeared uninterested in ordering subsequent subsidized LPG refills, impacting programme's sustainability, and targeting strategy. We propose a prediction model using “Explainable Machine Learning” to anticipate the beneficiaries' refill frequency with a view to improving LPG-refills and social targeting. In this paper, we suggest an enhanced stacked SVM (ISS) model for classification, which is contrasted with state-of-art ML models: Random Forest (RF), SVM-RBF, Naive Bayes (NB), and Decision Tree (C5.0). Some of the performance matrices that are used to evaluate the models include accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, Cohen's Kappa statistics, Receiver Operating Characteristic curve (ROC), and area under the curve (AUC). The proposed approach, which was validated with 10-fold cross validation, produced the best overall accuracies for data splits of 50–50, 66–34, and 80–20. The ''Explainable AI (XAI)'' model has also been used to describe how models and features interact, and to discuss the importance of features and their contributions to prediction. The recommended XAI will aid in efficient “beneficiary targeting” and “policy interventions”.
Keywords	Ujjwala scheme ; Welfare economics ; Public policy ; Machine learning ; Artificial intelligence ; Science (General) ; Q1-390 ; Social sciences (General) ; H1-99
Subject code	006
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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