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Article ; Online: Obesity, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, and Cardiovascular Disease.

Haidar, Amier / Horwich, Tamara

2023 Volume 25, Issue 11, Page(s) 1565–1571

Abstract: Purpose of review: Obesity, generally defined by body mass index (BMI), is an established risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD), while cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) decreases risk. In chronic CVD, an obesity survival paradox ... ...

Abstract	Purpose of review: Obesity, generally defined by body mass index (BMI), is an established risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD), while cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) decreases risk. In chronic CVD, an obesity survival paradox in which higher BMI is associated with improved prognosis has been reported. This paper will examine the effect of obesity on CVD risk, explore obesity as a risk factor in patients with established CVD, and investigate the relationship between CRF, obesity, and CVD. Recent findings: Through metabolic and hemodynamic changes, obesity increases the risk for CVD and contributes to the development of other cardiovascular risk factors such as diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. Obesity is associated with metabolic, hormonal, and inflammatory changes that leads to atherosclerosis increasing the risk for coronary artery disease, and myocardial remodeling increasing the risk for heart failure. However, it has also been observed that overweight/obese patients with established CVD have a better prognosis when compared to non-obese individuals termed the obesity paradox. CRF is a vital component of health associated with improved cardiovascular outcomes and furthermore has been shown to markedly attenuate or nullify the relationship between obesity and CVD risk/prognosis. Increasing CRF mitigates CVD risk factors and improves overall prognosis in CVD regardless of obesity status.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Cardiorespiratory Fitness ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology ; Obesity ; Risk Factors ; Overweight/complications ; Body Mass Index
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2055373-0
ISSN	1534-3170 ; 1523-3782
ISSN (online)	1534-3170
ISSN	1523-3782
DOI	10.1007/s11886-023-01975-7
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Zs.A 5524: Show issues

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Article ; Online: The Role of Surveillance versus Adjuvant Treatment in Stage I Germ Cell Tumors: Outcomes and Challenges.

Horwich, Alan

American Society of Clinical Oncology educational book. American Society of Clinical Oncology. Annual Meeting

2016 , Page(s) e249–52

Abstract: Germ cell cancers of the testis arise in young adults, and, if identified in stage I, have an excellent prognosis. Thus, we should minimize management-related toxicities. Surveillance (observation) following orchiectomy can avoid further treatment; ... ...

Abstract	Germ cell cancers of the testis arise in young adults, and, if identified in stage I, have an excellent prognosis. Thus, we should minimize management-related toxicities. Surveillance (observation) following orchiectomy can avoid further treatment; however, patients who experience relapse receive more treatment than what would have been used during initial adjuvant therapy. For the individual patient, it is important to be aware of their particular risk of relapse, the treatment they would receive for the treatment of relapse and the alternative adjuvant approaches. For seminoma, the risk of relapse during surveillance is 15% to 20%; the size of the primary tumor and the presence of rete testis invasion are prognostic factors. Most relapses occur within 3 years; however, approximately 10% occur more than 5 years after orchiectomy. The alternative adjuvant strategies are either one cycle of carboplatin or radiotherapy (RT), which reduce recurrence risk to less than 5%. The cure rate is around 99%, regardless of which management option is implemented. For stage I nonseminoma, the risk of relapse during surveillance in unselected series is 26% to 30%. Lymphovascular invasion and the amount of embryonal carcinoma are risk factors. Most relapses occur within the first year after orchiectomy, and relapse after 3 years is rare. Ninety percent of relapse patterns are classified as "good prognosis," and cure rates are 99%. The alternatives to surveillance include adjuvant strategies such as one cycle of adjuvant bleomycin/etoposide/cisplatin (BEP) chemotherapy; however, evidence is emerging that a single cycle is effective. There is controversy whether to offer surveillance for all patients or to offer adjuvant chemotherapy to select patients.
MeSH term(s)	Chemotherapy, Adjuvant/adverse effects ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; Neoplasm Staging ; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal/drug therapy ; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal/pathology ; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal/radiotherapy ; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal/surgery ; Orchiectomy ; Retroperitoneal Space ; Secondary Prevention ; Treatment Outcome
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-07-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1548-8756 ; 1092-9118 ; 1548-8748
ISSN (online)	1548-8756
ISSN	1092-9118 ; 1548-8748
DOI	10.14694/EdBook_AM.2015.35.e249
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Article ; Online: Associations Between Visceral Fat, Abdominal Muscle, and Coronary Artery Calcification: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Haidar, Amier / Srikanthan, Preethi / Watson, Karol / Allison, Matthew / Kronmal, Richard / Horwich, Tamara

The American journal of cardiology

2024 Volume 217, Page(s) 77–85

Abstract: The associations of body composition components, including muscle and adipose tissue, and markers of subclinical coronary artery disease are unclear. We examined the relation between abdominal computed tomography (CT)-derived measures of the area and ... ...

Abstract	The associations of body composition components, including muscle and adipose tissue, and markers of subclinical coronary artery disease are unclear. We examined the relation between abdominal computed tomography (CT)-derived measures of the area and density of fat and muscle with coronary artery calcification (CAC), using data from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). A total of 1,974 randomly selected MESA participants free of coronary heart disease underwent abdominal CT scans at examinations 2 or 3, with the resulting images interrogated for abdominal body composition. Using 6 cross-sectional slices spanning L2 to L5, the Medical Imaging Processing Analysis and Visualization software was used to determine abdominal muscle and fat composition using appropriate Hounsfield units ranges. CT chest scans were used to obtain CAC scores, calculated using the Agatston method and spatially weighted calcium score. Multivariable linear and logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the relation between abdominal visceral fat and muscle area and density to prevalent CAC. A total of 1,089 participants had a CAC >0, with an average CAC score of 310. In the fully adjusted model, for every 10-cm
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Coronary Artery Disease/diagnostic imaging ; Intra-Abdominal Fat/diagnostic imaging ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Coronary Vessels/diagnostic imaging ; Vascular Calcification/diagnostic imaging ; Vascular Calcification/epidemiology ; Atherosclerosis/epidemiology ; Abdominal Muscles/diagnostic imaging ; Lipids ; Risk Factors
Chemical Substances	Lipids
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	80014-4
ISSN	1879-1913 ; 0002-9149
ISSN (online)	1879-1913
ISSN	0002-9149
DOI	10.1016/j.amjcard.2024.02.030
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Ui IV Zs.73: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Reply to: Comments on: Differential IgG4-Producing Plasma Cell Infiltration in Non- and Post-Transplant Plasma Cell Hepatitis.

Horwich, Brian Harris / Kahn, Jeffrey A / Saito, Takeshi

Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation

2022 Volume 35, Page(s) 10679

MeSH term(s)	Diagnosis, Differential ; Hepatitis ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Inflammation ; Plasma Cells ; Transplants
Chemical Substances	Immunoglobulin G
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-05
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Comment
ZDB-ID	639435-8
ISSN	1432-2277 ; 0934-0874
ISSN (online)	1432-2277
ISSN	0934-0874
DOI	10.3389/ti.2022.10679
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Zs.A 2358: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Chaperonin-assisted protein folding: a chronologue.

Horwich, Arthur L / Fenton, Wayne A

Quarterly reviews of biophysics

2020 Volume 53, Page(s) e4

Abstract: This chronologue seeks to document the discovery and development of an understanding of oligomeric ring protein assemblies known as chaperonins that assist protein folding in the cell. It provides detail regarding genetic, physiologic, biochemical, and ... ...

Abstract	This chronologue seeks to document the discovery and development of an understanding of oligomeric ring protein assemblies known as chaperonins that assist protein folding in the cell. It provides detail regarding genetic, physiologic, biochemical, and biophysical studies of these ATP-utilizing machines from both in vivo and in vitro observations. The chronologue is organized into various topics of physiology and mechanism, for each of which a chronologic order is generally followed. The text is liberally illustrated to provide firsthand inspection of the key pieces of experimental data that propelled this field. Because of the length and depth of this piece, the use of the outline as a guide for selected reading is encouraged, but it should also be of help in pursuing the text in direct order.
MeSH term(s)	Adenosine Triphosphate/chemistry ; Amino Acids/chemistry ; Animals ; Carbon Dioxide/chemistry ; Chaperonins/chemistry ; Cytosol/metabolism ; Dimerization ; Heat-Shock Proteins/chemistry ; Humans ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; Kinetics ; Mice ; Mitochondria/metabolism ; Mutation ; Neurospora/metabolism ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Denaturation ; Protein Folding ; Ribonuclease, Pancreatic/chemistry ; Ribulose-Bisphosphate Carboxylase/chemistry ; Surface Properties ; Temperature
Chemical Substances	Amino Acids ; Heat-Shock Proteins ; Carbon Dioxide (142M471B3J) ; Adenosine Triphosphate (8L70Q75FXE) ; Ribonuclease, Pancreatic (EC 3.1.27.5) ; Chaperonins (EC 3.6.1.-) ; Ribulose-Bisphosphate Carboxylase (EC 4.1.1.39)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-02-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	209912-3
ISSN	1469-8994 ; 0033-5835
ISSN (online)	1469-8994
ISSN	0033-5835
DOI	10.1017/S0033583519000143
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Zs.B 387: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Serratus Anterior-Rib Composite Flap as a Novel Approach for Tracheal Reconstruction.

Boudreaux, Kyle A / Bui, Roger / Horwich, Peter / Chang, Brent A

The Annals of otology, rhinology, and laryngology

2022 Volume 132, Issue 1, Page(s) 110–114

Abstract: Objective: To report a novel case of tracheal reconstruction using a serratus anterior-rib composite flap.: Methods: Case report and literature review.: Results: A 46-year-old male with a 4 cm anterior tracheal wall defect underwent reconstruction ...

Abstract	Objective: To report a novel case of tracheal reconstruction using a serratus anterior-rib composite flap. Methods: Case report and literature review. Results: A 46-year-old male with a 4 cm anterior tracheal wall defect underwent reconstruction with a serratus anterior-rib composite flap. The patient experienced excellent results regarding phonation, swallowing, and cosmesis. Conclusion: The serratus anterior-rib composite flap appears to be a suitable candidate for tracheal reconstruction and merits further analysis in this context. The flap's intrinsic incorporation of a perfused rib segment allows for reliable reconstruction of the neotrachea and maintenance of proximal dynamic airway support.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Surgical Flaps ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures/methods ; Trachea/surgery ; Thorax ; Ribs
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	120642-4
ISSN	1943-572X ; 0003-4894
ISSN (online)	1943-572X
ISSN	0003-4894
DOI	10.1177/00034894211067608
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Ul II Zs.75: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Accelerated chemotherapy for germ cell cancer.

Horwich, Alan

Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology

2013 Volume 25, Issue 1, Page(s) 7–8

MeSH term(s)	Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal/drug therapy ; Testicular Neoplasms/drug therapy
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-12-18
Publishing country	England
Document type	Editorial ; Comment
ZDB-ID	1025984-3
ISSN	1569-8041 ; 0923-7534
ISSN (online)	1569-8041
ISSN	0923-7534
DOI	10.1093/annonc/mdt517
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Zs.A 2862: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Chemical Strike against a Dominant-Inherited MUC1-Frameshifted Protein Associated with Progressive Kidney Disease.

Thomas, Gary / Horwich, Arthur

Trends in molecular medicine

2019 Volume 25, Issue 10, Page(s) 821–823

Abstract: In a recent paper by Dvela-Levitt et al., chemical screening using an immunofluorescent assay identified a compound that caused removal of a dominant-inherited misfolded secretory protein, mucin1-frameshifted, from an intracellular location in ... ...

Abstract	In a recent paper by Dvela-Levitt et al., chemical screening using an immunofluorescent assay identified a compound that caused removal of a dominant-inherited misfolded secretory protein, mucin1-frameshifted, from an intracellular location in immortalized renal epithelial cells of a patient affected with progressive medullary cystic kidney disease. This illustrates the power of chemical screening at the cellular level to address specific proteinopathies and the utility of such compounds to illuminate novel cellular pathways that can clear toxic proteins.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; Endoplasmic Reticulum/drug effects ; Endoplasmic Reticulum/genetics ; Endoplasmic Reticulum/metabolism ; Frameshifting, Ribosomal/drug effects ; Humans ; Kidney/drug effects ; Kidney/metabolism ; Kidney Diseases, Cystic/drug therapy ; Kidney Diseases, Cystic/genetics ; Kidney Diseases, Cystic/metabolism ; Kidney Diseases, Cystic/physiopathology ; Mice ; Mucin-1/chemistry ; Mucin-1/genetics ; Mucin-1/metabolism ; Protein Folding/drug effects ; Unfolded Protein Response/drug effects
Chemical Substances	Mucin-1
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-09-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2036490-8
ISSN	1471-499X ; 1471-4914
ISSN (online)	1471-499X
ISSN	1471-4914
DOI	10.1016/j.molmed.2019.08.011
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Zs.A 4345: Show issues

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Article: Tough Nut to Crack: Transplant-acquired Food Allergy in an Adult Liver Recipient.

Horwich, Brian H / Shtessel, Maria / Alvarez, Alanna / Schiano, Thomas D / Grinspan, Lauren T

Transplantation direct

2023 Volume 9, Issue 11, Page(s) e1552

Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2373-8731
ISSN	2373-8731
DOI	10.1097/TXD.0000000000001552
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Article ; Online: Association Between Measures of Body Composition and Coronary Calcium: Findings From the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Horwich, Tamara / Srikanthan, Preethi / Gaitonde, Anisha / Watson, Karol / Allison, Matthew / Kronmal, Richard

Journal of the American Heart Association

2023 Volume 12, Issue 4, Page(s) e027708

Abstract: Background Obesity, as measured by body mass index, is widely recognized as a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease. However, the role of body composition components such as fat and lean mass is not well studied. Methods and Results A ...

Abstract	Background Obesity, as measured by body mass index, is widely recognized as a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease. However, the role of body composition components such as fat and lean mass is not well studied. Methods and Results A total of 3129 patients who underwent computed tomography scans for quantification of coronary artery calcification and had bioelectrical impedance analysis of body composition (fat mass and fat-free mass) during exam 5 of MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) were included in this cross-sectional analysis. Multivariable adjusted linear regression analysis was performed to assess the relationship between both fat mass and fat-free mass to prevalent coronary artery calcification, a marker of subclinical coronary artery disease quantified by both the coronary artery calcification (CAC) Agatston score and the spatially weighted calcium score. CAC and spatially weighted calcium score were natural log-transformed for analysis as continuous variables. Fat-free mass, but not fat mass, was independently associated with CAC. There was a 7.6% prevalence risk difference for CAC>0 per 10 kg. Fat-free mass was also significantly associated with natural log of CAC (coefficient=0.272,
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ; Calcium ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Atherosclerosis ; Coronary Artery Disease/diagnostic imaging ; Coronary Artery Disease/epidemiology ; Coronary Artery Disease/complications ; Risk Factors ; Body Composition ; Calcium, Dietary ; Coronary Vessels/diagnostic imaging ; Vascular Calcification/diagnostic imaging ; Vascular Calcification/epidemiology ; Vascular Calcification/complications
Chemical Substances	Calcium (SY7Q814VUP) ; Calcium, Dietary
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	2653953-6
ISSN	2047-9980 ; 2047-9980
ISSN (online)	2047-9980
ISSN	2047-9980
DOI	10.1161/JAHA.122.027708
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