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  1. Article: Protection of Health Care Professionals During an Epidemic: Medical, Ethical, and Legal Ramifications.

    Guddati, Achuta

    Interactive journal of medical research

    2020  Volume 9, Issue 3, Page(s) e19144

    Abstract: The welfare of health care professionals working in hazardous environments is a concerning issue. Personal protective equipment such as face masks, disposable gowns, hair covers, gloves, and shoe covers is often used to prevent contamination from patient ...

    Abstract The welfare of health care professionals working in hazardous environments is a concerning issue. Personal protective equipment such as face masks, disposable gowns, hair covers, gloves, and shoe covers is often used to prevent contamination from patient contact and droplets. This is especially relevant during an epidemic, when health care professionals are at elevated risk of infection. Failure to provide adequate protection to health care workers during epidemics has medical, ethical, and legal ramifications.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-08
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2697014-4
    ISSN 1929-073X
    ISSN 1929-073X
    DOI 10.2196/19144
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Carcinoembryonic Antigen, Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9, Cancer Antigen 125, Prostate-Specific Antigen and Other Cancer Markers: A Primer on Commonly Used Cancer Markers.

    Desai, Shreya / Guddati, Achuta K

    World journal of oncology

    2023  Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 4–14

    Abstract: Cancer markers are molecules produced by cancer cells which may serve to identify the presence of cancer. Cancer markers can be differentiated as serum-based, radiology-based and tissue-based, and are one of the most important tools in diagnosing, ... ...

    Abstract Cancer markers are molecules produced by cancer cells which may serve to identify the presence of cancer. Cancer markers can be differentiated as serum-based, radiology-based and tissue-based, and are one of the most important tools in diagnosing, staging and monitoring of treatment of many cancers. The most used cancer markers are serum cancer markers due to its relative ease and lower cost of testing. However, serum cancer markers have poor mass screening utilization due to poor positive predictive value. Several markers such as prostate-specific antigen (PSA), beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (B-hCG), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) are used to aid in diagnosis of cancer in cases of high suspicion. Serum markers such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), AFP, carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9), and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) play a significant role in assessing disease prognosis as well as response to treatment. This work reviews the role of some of the biomarkers in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-26
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2548989-6
    ISSN 1920-454X ; 1920-454X
    ISSN (online) 1920-454X
    ISSN 1920-454X
    DOI 10.14740/wjon1425
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Tumor Dormancy: Biologic and Therapeutic Implications.

    Balayan, Vanshika / Guddati, Achuta Kumar

    World journal of oncology

    2022  Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 8–19

    Abstract: Metastatic cancer can arise years after treatment of the primary tumor because residual tumor cells can enter dormancy and evade elimination by anti-neoplastic therapies. The mechanisms underlying this phenomenon have been investigated and a number of ... ...

    Abstract Metastatic cancer can arise years after treatment of the primary tumor because residual tumor cells can enter dormancy and evade elimination by anti-neoplastic therapies. The mechanisms underlying this phenomenon have been investigated and a number of hypotheses have been proposed. Tumor mass dormancy involves a balance between apoptotic and proliferative cells, keeping a micrometastatic lesion constant in size. This induces a need for blood supply which involves angiogenic dormancy. Cellular dormancy is also considered a mechanism of dormancy, where dormancy is induced due to cells entering a quiescent, reversible, growth-arrested state. In addition to all of these mechanisms, important changes in the tumor microenvironment, including the extracellular matrix, the oxygenation levels of the environment, and endoplasmic reticulum stress, are involved in inducing and maintaining tumor dormancy. Since dormant tumors are commonly known to be resistant to chemotherapy, gaining more knowledge of the mechanism of dormant tumor cells is of importance, as it can lead to the development of future treatment strategies.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-08
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2548989-6
    ISSN 1920-454X ; 1920-454X
    ISSN (online) 1920-454X
    ISSN 1920-454X
    DOI 10.14740/wjon1419
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Bimodal Age Distribution in Cancer Incidence.

    Desai, Shreya / Guddati, Achuta K

    World journal of oncology

    2022  Volume 13, Issue 6, Page(s) 329–336

    Abstract: Cancer is caused by accumulation of genetic changes which include activation of protooncogenes and loss of tumor suppressor genes. The age-specific incidence of cancer in general increases with advancing age. However, some cancers exhibit a bimodal ... ...

    Abstract Cancer is caused by accumulation of genetic changes which include activation of protooncogenes and loss of tumor suppressor genes. The age-specific incidence of cancer in general increases with advancing age. However, some cancers exhibit a bimodal distribution. Commonly recognized cancers with bimodal age distribution include acute lymphoblastic leukemia, osteosarcoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma, germ cell tumors and breast cancer. Delayed infection hypothesis has been used to provide explanation for the early childhood peak in leukemias and lymphomas, whereas the peak at an older age is associated with accumulation of protooncogenes and weakened immune system. Further genetic analysis and histopathological variations point to distinctly different cancers, varying genetically and histologically, which are often combined under a single category of cancers. Tumor characteristics and age distribution of these cancers varies also by population groups and has further implications on cancer screening methods. Although significant advances have been made to explain the bimodal nature of such cancers, the specific genetic mechanisms for each age distribution remain to be elucidated. Further distinction among the different cancer subtypes may lead to improvements in individual risk assessments, prevention and enhancement of treatment strategies.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-24
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2548989-6
    ISSN 1920-454X ; 1920-454X
    ISSN (online) 1920-454X
    ISSN 1920-454X
    DOI 10.14740/wjon1424
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Protection of Health Care Professionals During an Epidemic

    Guddati, Achuta

    Interactive Journal of Medical Research, Vol 9, Iss 3, p e

    Medical, Ethical, and Legal Ramifications

    2020  Volume 19144

    Abstract: The welfare of health care professionals working in hazardous environments is a concerning issue. Personal protective equipment such as face masks, disposable gowns, hair covers, gloves, and shoe covers is often used to prevent contamination from patient ...

    Abstract The welfare of health care professionals working in hazardous environments is a concerning issue. Personal protective equipment such as face masks, disposable gowns, hair covers, gloves, and shoe covers is often used to prevent contamination from patient contact and droplets. This is especially relevant during an epidemic, when health care professionals are at elevated risk of infection. Failure to provide adequate protection to health care workers during epidemics has medical, ethical, and legal ramifications.
    Keywords Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ; R858-859.7 ; Medical technology ; R855-855.5
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher JMIR Publications
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article: Management of hepatotoxicity of chemotherapy and targeted agents.

    Mudd, Todd William / Guddati, Achuta Kumar

    American journal of cancer research

    2021  Volume 11, Issue 7, Page(s) 3461–3474

    Abstract: Hepatotoxicity of chemotherapeutic agents such as methotrexate, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan have been well documented and characterized allowing for careful management by oncologists during administration. However, the rapid advance of the field of ... ...

    Abstract Hepatotoxicity of chemotherapeutic agents such as methotrexate, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan have been well documented and characterized allowing for careful management by oncologists during administration. However, the rapid advance of the field of oncology and introduction of new classes of therapies such as small molecule inhibitors and immunotherapies have introduced new hepatotoxicity challenges and management strategies. This work is a compilation of the hepatotoxicity and recommended management of various chemotherapies and targeted agents, with a focus on the newer classes of targeted anticancer agents.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2589522-9
    ISSN 2156-6976
    ISSN 2156-6976
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Visibility Versus Privacy of Physicians in the Age of Social Media.

    Patel, Sunny J / Guddati, Achuta K

    Interactive journal of medical research

    2021  Volume 10, Issue 1, Page(s) e21640

    Abstract: As access to the internet has grown over the years, social media has become an important resource in the health care sector. Third-party physician-rating websites in particular have gained popularity. However, there are ethical implications of such ... ...

    Abstract As access to the internet has grown over the years, social media has become an important resource in the health care sector. Third-party physician-rating websites in particular have gained popularity. However, there are ethical implications of such websites. These websites provide a platform for patients to evaluate and review physicians and likewise increase visibility and advertisement of physicians, but they also violate the rights to privacy that these doctors should have. This paper aims to study and assess the ethical implications of these websites on the visibility and privacy of physicians. After presenting the ethical dilemma associated with such websites, it provides guidelines that can be incorporated by both physicians and third-party sites to help maintain physician privacy while providing public service in the form of advertisement and visibility.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-08
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2697014-4
    ISSN 1929-073X
    ISSN 1929-073X
    DOI 10.2196/21640
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Cancer stem cells in head and neck cancer.

    Picon, Hector / Guddati, Achuta Kumar

    American journal of stem cells

    2021  Volume 10, Issue 3, Page(s) 28–35

    Abstract: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a unique population of cells found within tumors that are able to self-renew, restore the original heterogeneity of a tumor following treatment, and show increased tumorigenic potential when compared to other cancer cells. It ...

    Abstract Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a unique population of cells found within tumors that are able to self-renew, restore the original heterogeneity of a tumor following treatment, and show increased tumorigenic potential when compared to other cancer cells. It is thought that they are responsible for the recurrence of tumors as well as the resistance to treatment that is seen clinically. CSCs are known to be involved in head and neck cancer (HNCs) specifically, as evidence for their existence can be found in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC), and adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC), among others. Here, findings from various approaches to identifying and targeting CSCs and their downstream effectors in HNC are summarized, with an emphasis on recent advancements. Prognostic and therapeutic markers are discussed for each specific type of HNC, and novel treatment strategies and current clinical trials involving CSCs are detailed as well. The information provided here is intended to further the research on this important topic and lead to clinical impact in the battle against HNC.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2708996-4
    ISSN 2160-4150
    ISSN 2160-4150
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Infections in Hospitalized Cancer Patients.

    Delgado, Amanda / Guddati, Achuta Kumar

    World journal of oncology

    2021  Volume 12, Issue 6, Page(s) 195–205

    Abstract: Cancer patients are at an increased risk of developing infections that are primarily treatment-driven but may also be malignancy-driven. While cancer treatments such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery have been known to improve malignancy ... ...

    Abstract Cancer patients are at an increased risk of developing infections that are primarily treatment-driven but may also be malignancy-driven. While cancer treatments such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery have been known to improve malignancy morbidity and mortality, they also have the potential to weaken immune defenses and induce periods of severe cytopenia. These adverse effects pave the way for opportunistic infections to complicate a hospitalized cancer patient's clinical course. Understanding the risk each patient inherently has for developing a bacterial, fungal, or viral infection is critical to choosing the correct prophylactic treatment in conjunction with their scheduled cancer therapy. This review discusses the most common types of infections found in hospitalized cancer patients as well as the current guidelines for prophylactic and antimicrobial treatment in cancer patients. In addition, it describes the interaction between antibiotics and cancer therapies for consideration when treating infection in a cancer patient.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-08
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2548989-6
    ISSN 1920-454X ; 1920-454X
    ISSN (online) 1920-454X
    ISSN 1920-454X
    DOI 10.14740/wjon1410
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: Clinical endpoints in oncology - a primer.

    Delgado, Amanda / Guddati, Achuta Kumar

    American journal of cancer research

    2021  Volume 11, Issue 4, Page(s) 1121–1131

    Abstract: Clinical endpoints are essential for assessing the safety and efficacy of new cancer therapies. They are used by oncologists to help guide clinical decision making. While overall survival (OS) has frequently been regarded as the "gold standard" primary ... ...

    Abstract Clinical endpoints are essential for assessing the safety and efficacy of new cancer therapies. They are used by oncologists to help guide clinical decision making. While overall survival (OS) has frequently been regarded as the "gold standard" primary clinical endpoint, it's utility is constrained by several disadvantages. The time-consuming nature of trials using OS has led to a recent push to explore surrogate clinical endpoints and their potential to serve as primary clinical endpoints in lieu of OS. Additionally, it is becoming evident that other endpoints add valuable information about quality of life and treatment failure as their use is becoming increasingly prevalent in oncology clinical trials. Without a doubt, the use of clinical endpoints will continue to expand and evolve as new cancer therapies are developed and novel treatments, including immunotherapy, draw interest. This review explores the roles of primary and surrogate clinical endpoints as well as the benefits and drawbacks of each specific endpoint. In addition, it directly compares the unique features of each suggesting some of the specific uses each one fulfills.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2589522-9
    ISSN 2156-6976
    ISSN 2156-6976
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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