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Article ; Online: Phytochemicals: Do They Belong on our Plate for Sustaining Healthspan?

Fahey, Jed W / Kensler, Thomas W

Food frontiers

2021 Volume 2, Issue 3, Page(s) 235–239

Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2643-8429
ISSN (online)	2643-8429
DOI	10.1002/fft2.81
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: The Challenges of Designing and Implementing Clinical Trials With Broccoli Sprouts… and Turning Evidence Into Public Health Action.

Fahey, Jed W / Kensler, Thomas W

Frontiers in nutrition

2021 Volume 8, Page(s) 648788

Abstract: Broccoli sprouts are a convenient and rich source of the glucosinolate glucoraphanin, which can generate the chemopreventive agent sulforaphane through the catalytic actions of plant myrosinase or β-thioglucosidases in the gut microflora. Sulforaphane, ... ...

Abstract	Broccoli sprouts are a convenient and rich source of the glucosinolate glucoraphanin, which can generate the chemopreventive agent sulforaphane through the catalytic actions of plant myrosinase or β-thioglucosidases in the gut microflora. Sulforaphane, in turn, is an inducer of cytoprotective enzymes through activation of Nrf2 signaling, and a potent inhibitor of carcinogenesis in multiple murine models. Sulforaphane is also protective in models of diabetes, neurodegenerative disease, and other inflammatory processes, likely reflecting additional actions of Nrf2 and interactions with other signaling pathways. Translating this efficacy into the design and implementation of clinical chemoprevention trials, especially food-based trials, faces numerous challenges including the selection of the source, placebo, and dose as well as standardization of the formulation of the intervention material. Unlike in animals, purified sulforaphane has had very limited use in clinical studies. We have conducted a series of clinical studies and randomized clinical trials to evaluate the effects of composition (glucoraphanin-rich [± myrosinase] vs. sulforaphane-rich or mixture beverages), formulation (beverage vs. tablet) and dose, on the efficacy of these broccoli sprout-based preparations to evaluate safety, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamic action, and clinical benefit. While the challenges for the evaluation of broccoli sprouts in clinical trials are themselves formidable, further hurdles must be overcome to bring this science to public health action.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-29
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2776676-7
ISSN	2296-861X
ISSN	2296-861X
DOI	10.3389/fnut.2021.648788
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Article: Mitigating potential public health problems associated with edible cannabis products through adequate regulation: A landscape analysis

Soroosh, Aurash J. / Henderson, Robin / Dodson, Lori / Mitchell, Clifford S. / Fahey, Jed W.

Critical reviews in food science and nutrition. 2021 Oct. 7, v. 61, no. 18

2021

Abstract: An edible cannabis product (ECP) manufactured with food ingredients is subject to the same types of contamination as any conventional food product. Physical, microbial, and chemical hazards are a potential threat to anyone consuming cannabinoid- ... ...

Abstract	An edible cannabis product (ECP) manufactured with food ingredients is subject to the same types of contamination as any conventional food product. Physical, microbial, and chemical hazards are a potential threat to anyone consuming cannabinoid-containing products by mouth. Preventing the unintentional ingestion of ECPs is also a concern for public health professionals. An analysis of the regulatory landscape in the United States (US) was conducted to identify best practices specific to ECPs and to pinpoint preventative safety measures that had not been extensively implemented. Widespread adoption of some of the more useful precedents set by US jurisdictions, as examined in this work, could be of great value in protecting public health.
Keywords	food science ; foods ; ingestion ; landscapes ; mouth ; nutrition ; public health
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-1007
Size	p. 3091-3099.
Publishing place	Taylor & Francis
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1037504-1
ISSN	1549-7852 ; 1040-8398
ISSN (online)	1549-7852
ISSN	1040-8398
DOI	10.1080/10408398.2020.1793099
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Crucifers and related vegetables and supplements for neurologic disorders: what is the evidence?

Panjwani, Anita A / Liu, Hua / Fahey, Jed W

Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care

2018 Volume 21, Issue 6, Page(s) 451–457

Abstract: Purpose of review: Neurologic disorders have varied pathophysiology, yet many of them appear to have core molecular pathways that are aberrant. We review the evidence that a dietary component may have utility in ameliorating or preventing at least some ... ...

Abstract	Purpose of review: Neurologic disorders have varied pathophysiology, yet many of them appear to have core molecular pathways that are aberrant. We review the evidence that a dietary component may have utility in ameliorating or preventing at least some of them. Recent findings: The weight of evidence supporting prescriptive dietary recommendations to promote or enhance healthspan has been building for decades. Cruciferous vegetables are a key part of the arsenal of nutrition-based approaches for reducing the burden of chronic disease. Much new evidence suggests that neurological disorders are among the potential targets for this approach. This evidence includes at least nine clinical studies of neurodevelopmental conditions like autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia, and there are a great many studies in animal model systems, of neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. This review highlights the most bioactive and most well-studied compounds from crucifers - the isothiocyanates, in particular sulforaphane. Summary: There is great promise for the regular use of cruciferous vegetables or supplements containing standardized levels of bioactives in the treatment and prevention of neurologic disorders. Many clinical and animal studies are underway, and the evidence is building to support this strategy.
MeSH term(s)	Brassicaceae/chemistry ; Diet/methods ; Dietary Supplements ; Humans ; Isothiocyanates ; Nervous System Diseases/prevention & control ; Vegetables
Chemical Substances	Isothiocyanates ; sulforaphane (GA49J4310U)
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-08-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1460178-3
ISSN	1473-6519 ; 1363-1950
ISSN (online)	1473-6519
ISSN	1363-1950
DOI	10.1097/MCO.0000000000000511
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Article ; Online: Mitigating potential public health problems associated with edible cannabis products through adequate regulation: A landscape analysis.

Soroosh, Aurash J / Henderson, Robin / Dodson, Lori / Mitchell, Clifford S / Fahey, Jed W

Critical reviews in food science and nutrition

2020 Volume 61, Issue 18, Page(s) 3091–3099

Abstract	An edible cannabis product (ECP) manufactured with food ingredients is subject to the same types of contamination as any conventional food product. Physical, microbial, and chemical hazards are a potential threat to anyone consuming cannabinoid-containing products by mouth. Preventing the unintentional ingestion of ECPs is also a concern for public health professionals. An analysis of the regulatory landscape in the United States (US) was conducted to identify best practices specific to ECPs and to pinpoint preventative safety measures that had not been extensively implemented. Widespread adoption of some of the more useful precedents set by US jurisdictions, as examined in this work, could be of great value in protecting public health.
MeSH term(s)	Cannabis ; Commerce ; Eating ; Food ; Public Health ; United States
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1037504-1
ISSN	1549-7852 ; 1040-8398
ISSN (online)	1549-7852
ISSN	1040-8398
DOI	10.1080/10408398.2020.1793099
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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Article ; Online: Health span extension through green chemoprevention.

Fahey, Jed W / Kensler, Thomas W

The virtual mentor : VM

2013 Volume 15, Issue 4, Page(s) 311–318

MeSH term(s)	Anticarcinogenic Agents ; Chemoprevention ; Diet ; Health Behavior ; Humans ; Life Style ; Longevity ; Neoplasms/prevention & control ; Plant Preparations ; Preventive Medicine/methods
Chemical Substances	Anticarcinogenic Agents ; Plant Preparations
Language	English
Publishing date	2013
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ISSN	1937-7010
ISSN (online)	1937-7010
DOI	10.1001/virtualmentor.2013.15.4.stas1-1304
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Correction to: Randomized controlled trial of sulforaphane and metabolite discovery in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Zimmerman, Andrew W / Singh, Kanwaljit / Connors, Susan L / Liu, Hua / Panjwani, Anita A / Lee, Li-Ching / Diggins, Eileen / Foley, Ann / Melnyk, Stepan / Singh, Indrapal N / Jill James, S / Frye, Richard E / Fahey, Jed W

Molecular autism

2021 Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 44

Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-16
Publishing country	England
Document type	Published Erratum
ZDB-ID	2540930-X
ISSN	2040-2392 ; 2040-2392
ISSN (online)	2040-2392
ISSN	2040-2392
DOI	10.1186/s13229-021-00451-9
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Article ; Online: Isothiocyanates: Translating the Power of Plants to People.

Palliyaguru, Dushani L / Yuan, Jian-Min / Kensler, Thomas W / Fahey, Jed W

Molecular nutrition & food research

2018 Volume 62, Issue 18, Page(s) e1700965

Abstract: Isothiocyanates from cruciferous vegetables have been studied extensively in cells and in animals for their disease preventive and therapeutic effects. However, translating their utility to human populations has been both limited and challenging. Herein, ...

Abstract	Isothiocyanates from cruciferous vegetables have been studied extensively in cells and in animals for their disease preventive and therapeutic effects. However, translating their utility to human populations has been both limited and challenging. Herein, clinical trials employing two isothiocyanates, sulforaphane (SFN; 1-isothiocyanato-4-(methylsulfinyl) butane) and phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC; 2-isothiocyanatoethylbenzene) that are isolated principally from broccoli and watercress, respectively, are summarized and discussed. Both of these compounds have been used in small human clinical trials, either within food matrices or as single agents, against a variety of diseases ranging from cancer to autism. Results suggest an opportunity to incorporate them, or more likely preparations derived from their source plants, into larger human disease mitigation efforts. The context for the applications of these compounds and plants in evidence-based food and nutritional policy is also evaluated.
MeSH term(s)	Brassica/chemistry ; Cardiovascular Diseases/drug therapy ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy ; Humans ; Isothiocyanates/chemistry ; Isothiocyanates/pharmacology ; Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Skin Diseases/drug therapy ; Sulfoxides ; Treatment Outcome ; Vegetables/chemistry
Chemical Substances	Isothiocyanates ; Sulfoxides ; phenethyl isothiocyanate (6U7TFK75KV) ; sulforaphane (GA49J4310U)
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-03-26
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	2160372-8
ISSN	1613-4133 ; 1613-4125
ISSN (online)	1613-4133
ISSN	1613-4125
DOI	10.1002/mnfr.201700965
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Broccoli or Sulforaphane: Is It the Source or Dose That Matters?

Yagishita, Yoko / Fahey, Jed W / Dinkova-Kostova, Albena T / Kensler, Thomas W

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

2019 Volume 24, Issue 19

Abstract: There is robust epidemiological evidence for the beneficial effects of broccoli consumption on health, many of them clearly mediated by the isothiocyanate sulforaphane. Present in the plant as its precursor, glucoraphanin, sulforaphane is formed through ... ...

Abstract	There is robust epidemiological evidence for the beneficial effects of broccoli consumption on health, many of them clearly mediated by the isothiocyanate sulforaphane. Present in the plant as its precursor, glucoraphanin, sulforaphane is formed through the actions of myrosinase, a β-thioglucosidase present in either the plant tissue or the mammalian microbiome. Since first isolated from broccoli and demonstrated to have cancer chemoprotective properties in rats in the early 1990s, over 3000 publications have described its efficacy in rodent disease models, underlying mechanisms of action or, to date, over 50 clinical trials examining pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and disease mitigation. This review evaluates the current state of knowledge regarding the relationships between formulation (e.g., plants, sprouts, beverages, supplements), bioavailability and efficacy, and the doses of glucoraphanin and/or sulforaphane that have been used in pre-clinical and clinical studies. We pay special attention to the challenges for better integration of animal model and clinical studies, particularly with regard to selection of dose and route of administration. More effort is required to elucidate underlying mechanisms of action and to develop and validate biomarkers of pharmacodynamic action in humans. A sobering lesson is that changes in approach will be required to implement a public health paradigm for dispensing benefit across all spectrums of the global population.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Anti-Infective Agents/chemistry ; Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacokinetics ; Anti-Infective Agents/therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/chemistry ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacokinetics ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/therapeutic use ; Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism ; Brassica/chemistry ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Humans ; Isothiocyanates/chemistry ; Isothiocyanates/pharmacokinetics ; Isothiocyanates/therapeutic use ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Extracts/chemistry ; Sulfoxides
Chemical Substances	Anti-Infective Agents ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; Isothiocyanates ; Plant Extracts ; Sulfoxides ; sulforaphane (GA49J4310U)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-10-06
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1413402-0
ISSN	1420-3049 ; 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
ISSN (online)	1420-3049
ISSN	1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
DOI	10.3390/molecules24193593
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Article ; Online: Broccoli or Sulforaphane

Yoko Yagishita / Jed W. Fahey / Albena T. Dinkova-Kostova / Thomas W. Kensler

Molecules, Vol 24, Iss 19, p

Is It the Source or Dose That Matters?

2019 Volume 3593

Abstract	There is robust epidemiological evidence for the beneficial effects of broccoli consumption on health, many of them clearly mediated by the isothiocyanate sulforaphane. Present in the plant as its precursor, glucoraphanin, sulforaphane is formed through the actions of myrosinase, a β-thioglucosidase present in either the plant tissue or the mammalian microbiome. Since first isolated from broccoli and demonstrated to have cancer chemoprotective properties in rats in the early 1990s, over 3000 publications have described its efficacy in rodent disease models, underlying mechanisms of action or, to date, over 50 clinical trials examining pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and disease mitigation. This review evaluates the current state of knowledge regarding the relationships between formulation (e.g., plants, sprouts, beverages, supplements), bioavailability and efficacy, and the doses of glucoraphanin and/or sulforaphane that have been used in pre-clinical and clinical studies. We pay special attention to the challenges for better integration of animal model and clinical studies, particularly with regard to selection of dose and route of administration. More effort is required to elucidate underlying mechanisms of action and to develop and validate biomarkers of pharmacodynamic action in humans. A sobering lesson is that changes in approach will be required to implement a public health paradigm for dispensing benefit across all spectrums of the global population.
Keywords	broccoli ; sulforaphane ; glucoraphanin ; myrosinase ; chemoprotection ; allometric scaling ; clinical trials ; nrf2 ; toxicity ; Organic chemistry ; QD241-441
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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