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  1. Article ; Online: A Hamilton-Jacobi-based proximal operator.

    Osher, Stanley / Heaton, Howard / Wu Fung, Samy

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    2023  Volume 120, Issue 14, Page(s) e2220469120

    Abstract: First-order optimization algorithms are widely used today. Two standard building blocks in these algorithms are proximal operators (proximals) and gradients. Although gradients can be computed for a wide array of functions, explicit proximal formulas are ...

    Abstract First-order optimization algorithms are widely used today. Two standard building blocks in these algorithms are proximal operators (proximals) and gradients. Although gradients can be computed for a wide array of functions, explicit proximal formulas are known for only limited classes of functions. We provide an algorithm, HJ-Prox, for accurately approximating such proximals. This is derived from a collection of relations between proximals, Moreau envelopes, Hamilton-Jacobi (HJ) equations, heat equations, and Monte Carlo sampling. In particular, HJ-Prox smoothly approximates the Moreau envelope and its gradient. The smoothness can be adjusted to act as a denoiser. Our approach applies even when functions are accessible only by (possibly noisy) black box samples. We show that HJ-Prox is effective numerically via several examples.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 209104-5
    ISSN 1091-6490 ; 0027-8424
    ISSN (online) 1091-6490
    ISSN 0027-8424
    DOI 10.1073/pnas.2220469120
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    Zs.A 1148: Show issues Location:
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  2. Article ; Online: An A-Peeling Diagnosis.

    Bhasin, Ajay / Lee, Cheryl K / Shulman, Stanford / White, Andrew A / Stanley, Marion

    Journal of hospital medicine

    2021  

    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2233783-0
    ISSN 1553-5606 ; 1553-5592
    ISSN (online) 1553-5606
    ISSN 1553-5592
    DOI 10.12788/jhm.3567
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  3. Book ; Thesis: Untersuchung von anti-Angiotensin II-Rezeptor Typ 1 Antikörpern und anti-Endothelin-Rezeptor A Antikörpern bei Patienten mit Immunadsorptionstherapie und deren möglichen Einfluss auf Abstoßungsreaktionen nach Transplantation solider Organe

    Friedrich, Stanley

    2018  

    Author's details von Stanley Friedrich
    Language German
    Size 112 Blätter, Illustrationen, Diagramme, 30 cm
    Publishing place Jena
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Book ; Thesis
    Thesis / German Habilitation thesis Dissertation, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 2018
    HBZ-ID HT019718992
    Database Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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    Shelf markLoan statusLocation
    2018 E 682 order for loan Magazin

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  4. Article ; Online: Bacillus subtilis extracellular protease production incurs a context-dependent cost.

    Rosazza, Thibault / Eigentler, Lukas / Earl, Chris / Davidson, Fordyce A / Stanley-Wall, Nicola R

    Molecular microbiology

    2023  Volume 120, Issue 2, Page(s) 105–121

    Abstract: Microbes encounter a wide range of polymeric nutrient sources in various environmental settings, which require processing to facilitate growth. Bacillus subtilis, a bacterium found in the rhizosphere and broader soil environment, is highly adaptable and ... ...

    Abstract Microbes encounter a wide range of polymeric nutrient sources in various environmental settings, which require processing to facilitate growth. Bacillus subtilis, a bacterium found in the rhizosphere and broader soil environment, is highly adaptable and resilient due to its ability to utilise diverse sources of carbon and nitrogen. Here, we explore the role of extracellular proteases in supporting growth and assess the cost associated with their production. We provide evidence of the essentiality of extracellular proteases when B. subtilis is provided with an abundant, but polymeric nutrient source and demonstrate the extracellular proteases as a shared public good that can operate over a distance. We show that B. subtilis is subjected to a public good dilemma, specifically in the context of growth sustained by the digestion of a polymeric food source. Furthermore, using mathematical simulations, we uncover that this selectively enforced dilemma is driven by the relative cost of producing the public good. Collectively, our findings reveal how bacteria can survive in environments that vary in terms of immediate nutrient accessibility and the consequent impact on the population composition. These findings enhance our fundamental understanding of how bacteria respond to diverse environments, which has importance to contexts ranging from survival in the soil to infection and pathogenesis scenarios.
    MeSH term(s) Bacillus subtilis/genetics ; Peptide Hydrolases ; Endopeptidases ; Soil
    Chemical Substances Peptide Hydrolases (EC 3.4.-) ; Endopeptidases (EC 3.4.-) ; Soil
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 619315-8
    ISSN 1365-2958 ; 0950-382X
    ISSN (online) 1365-2958
    ISSN 0950-382X
    DOI 10.1111/mmi.15110
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  5. Article ; Online: A gelling vitreous replacement.

    Chang, Stanley

    Nature biomedical engineering

    2019  Volume 3, Issue 8, Page(s) 590–591

    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Biocompatible Materials/therapeutic use ; Gels ; Humans ; Rabbits ; Retina/surgery ; Silicone Oils ; Silicones ; Vitreous Body/surgery
    Chemical Substances Biocompatible Materials ; Gels ; Silicone Oils ; Silicones
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-02-25
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2157-846X
    ISSN (online) 2157-846X
    DOI 10.1038/s41551-019-0447-7
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  6. Article ; Online: Thriving in a pandemic

    Ben Beaglehole / Jonathan Williman / Caroline Bell / James Stanley / Matthew Jenkins / Philip Gendall / Janet Hoek / Charlene Rapsey / Susanna Every-Palmer

    PLoS ONE, Vol 17, Iss 3, p e

    Determinants of excellent wellbeing among New Zealanders during the 2020 COVID-19 lockdown; a cross-sectional survey.

    2022  Volume 0262745

    Abstract: Objective The COVID-19 pandemic and associated restrictions are associated with adverse psychological impacts but an assessment of positive wellbeing is required to understand the overall impacts of the pandemic. Methods The NZ Lockdown Psychological ... ...

    Abstract Objective The COVID-19 pandemic and associated restrictions are associated with adverse psychological impacts but an assessment of positive wellbeing is required to understand the overall impacts of the pandemic. Methods The NZ Lockdown Psychological Distress Survey is an on-line cross-sectional survey of 3487 New Zealanders undertaken during a strict lockdown for COVID-19. The lockdown extended from 25 March 2020 to 28 April 2020 and the survey was undertaken between 15 April 2020 and 27 April 2020. The survey measured excellent wellbeing categorised by a WHO-Five Well-being Index (WHO-5) score ≥22. The survey also contained demographic and pre-lockdown questions, subjective and objective lockdown experiences, and questions on alcohol use. The proportion of participants with excellent wellbeing is reported with multivariate analysis examining the relative importance of individual factors associated with excellent wellbeing. Results Approximately 9% of the overall sample (303 participants) reported excellent wellbeing during the New Zealand lockdown. In the multivariable analysis, excellent wellbeing status was positively associated with increasing age (p<0.001), male gender (p = 0.044), Māori and Asian ethnicity (p = 0.008), and lower levels of education (certificate/diploma level qualification or less) (p<0.001). Excellent wellbeing was negatively associated with smoking (p = 0.001), poor physical (p<0.001) and mental health (p = 0.002), and previous trauma (p = 0.033). Conclusion Nine percent of New Zealanders reported excellent wellbeing during severe COVID-19 pandemic restrictions. Demographic and broader health factors predicted excellent wellbeing status. An understanding of these factors may help to enhance wellbeing during any future lockdowns.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 360
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Thriving in a pandemic

    Ben Beaglehole / Jonathan Williman / Caroline Bell / James Stanley / Matthew Jenkins / Philip Gendall / Janet Hoek / Charlene Rapsey / Susanna Every-Palmer

    PLoS ONE, Vol 17, Iss

    Determinants of excellent wellbeing among New Zealanders during the 2020 COVID-19 lockdown; a cross-sectional survey

    2022  Volume 3

    Abstract: Objective The COVID-19 pandemic and associated restrictions are associated with adverse psychological impacts but an assessment of positive wellbeing is required to understand the overall impacts of the pandemic. Methods The NZ Lockdown Psychological ... ...

    Abstract Objective The COVID-19 pandemic and associated restrictions are associated with adverse psychological impacts but an assessment of positive wellbeing is required to understand the overall impacts of the pandemic. Methods The NZ Lockdown Psychological Distress Survey is an on-line cross-sectional survey of 3487 New Zealanders undertaken during a strict lockdown for COVID-19. The lockdown extended from 25 March 2020 to 28 April 2020 and the survey was undertaken between 15 April 2020 and 27 April 2020. The survey measured excellent wellbeing categorised by a WHO-Five Well-being Index (WHO-5) score ≥22. The survey also contained demographic and pre-lockdown questions, subjective and objective lockdown experiences, and questions on alcohol use. The proportion of participants with excellent wellbeing is reported with multivariate analysis examining the relative importance of individual factors associated with excellent wellbeing. Results Approximately 9% of the overall sample (303 participants) reported excellent wellbeing during the New Zealand lockdown. In the multivariable analysis, excellent wellbeing status was positively associated with increasing age (p<0.001), male gender (p = 0.044), Māori and Asian ethnicity (p = 0.008), and lower levels of education (certificate/diploma level qualification or less) (p<0.001). Excellent wellbeing was negatively associated with smoking (p = 0.001), poor physical (p<0.001) and mental health (p = 0.002), and previous trauma (p = 0.033). Conclusion Nine percent of New Zealanders reported excellent wellbeing during severe COVID-19 pandemic restrictions. Demographic and broader health factors predicted excellent wellbeing status. An understanding of these factors may help to enhance wellbeing during any future lockdowns.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 360
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: Public Health Directives in a Pandemic

    Soma Gregory / Stephanie Holt / Christine Barter / Nicola Christofides / Ogopoleng Maremela / Nobulembu Mwanda Motjuwadi / Cathy Humphreys / Ruth Elliffe / Nicky Stanley

    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 19, Iss 14148, p

    Paradoxical Messages for Domestic Abuse Victims in Four Countries

    2022  Volume 14148

    Abstract: When the COVID-19 pandemic manifested urgent concerns were raised around the globe about the increased risk that public health restrictions could pose for victims of domestic abuse. Governments, NGOs and community services swiftly responded to convey the ...

    Abstract When the COVID-19 pandemic manifested urgent concerns were raised around the globe about the increased risk that public health restrictions could pose for victims of domestic abuse. Governments, NGOs and community services swiftly responded to convey the message that services for victims were operational and restrictions did not apply to those fleeing harm. This paper reports on the various approaches used to communicate this public health messaging during COVID-19, further highlighting strengths and learning which could inform future crises messaging. It utilises data gathered through a rapid review and mapping of policy and practice initiatives across 4 high-middle income countries: UK, Australia, South Africa and Ireland. Four themes were identified: (1) Top-down: National media messaging; (2) Top-down: Political leadership; (3) Traditional media vs. social media and (4) Bottom-up messaging: Localised, community-based messaging. It was found that a strong, clear top-down stance on domestic abuse was perceived as beneficial during COVID-19. However, a stronger focus on evaluation, reach and impact, particularly for minority groups may be required. Newer forms of media were shown to have potential in conveying messaging to minority groups. Community and grassroots organizations demonstrated their experiential knowledge in reaching target audiences. Harnessing this expertise for future crises messaging may be valuable.
    Keywords COVID-19 ; domestic abuse ; public messaging ; national messaging ; awareness raising ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 360
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: CD90 Marks a Mesenchymal Program in Human Thymic Epithelial Cells

    Sun, Shicheng / Li, Jacky Y / Nim, Hieu T / Piers, Adam / Ramialison, Mirana / Porrello, Enzo R / Konstantinov, Igor E / Elefanty, Andrew G / Stanley, Edouard G

    Frontiers in immunology

    2022  Volume 13, Page(s) 846281

    Abstract: Thymic epithelium is critical for the structural integrity of the thymus and for T cell development. Within the fully formed thymus, large numbers of hematopoietic cells shape the thymic epithelium into a scaffold-like structure which bears little ... ...

    Abstract Thymic epithelium is critical for the structural integrity of the thymus and for T cell development. Within the fully formed thymus, large numbers of hematopoietic cells shape the thymic epithelium into a scaffold-like structure which bears little similarity to classical epithelial layers, such as those observed in the skin, intestine or pancreas. Here, we show that human thymic epithelial cells (TECs) possess an epithelial identity that also incorporates the expression of mesenchymal cell associated genes, whose expression levels vary between medullary and cortical TECs (m/cTECs). Using pluripotent stem cell (PSC) differentiation systems, we identified a unique population of cells that co-expressed the master TEC transcription factor
    MeSH term(s) Cell Differentiation ; Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule/genetics ; Epithelial Cells/metabolism ; Epithelium ; Humans ; RNA/metabolism ; Thy-1 Antigens/metabolism ; Thymus Gland
    Chemical Substances Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule ; Thy-1 Antigens ; RNA (63231-63-0)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-16
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2606827-8
    ISSN 1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
    ISSN (online) 1664-3224
    ISSN 1664-3224
    DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2022.846281
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  10. Article ; Online: A Pancreatic Predicament.

    Liauw, Stanley L

    International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics

    2017  Volume 99, Issue 2, Page(s) 296–297

    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-10-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 197614-x
    ISSN 1879-355X ; 0360-3016
    ISSN (online) 1879-355X
    ISSN 0360-3016
    DOI 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.05.024
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