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  1. Article: Covalent Targeting of Splicing in T Cells.

    Scott, Kevin A / Kojima, Hiroyuki / Ropek, Nathalie / Warren, Charles D / Zhang, Tiffany L / Hogg, Simon J / Webster, Caroline / Zhang, Xiaoyu / Rahman, Jahan / Melillo, Bruno / Cravatt, Benjamin F / Lyu, Jiankun / Abdel-Wahab, Omar / Vinogradova, Ekaterina V

    bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

    2023  

    Abstract: ... chemical probe EV96 and its analogues lead to a selective T cell state-dependent loss of interleukin 2 ... inducible T cell kinase (ITK) by targeting one of the core splicing factors SF3B1. Mechanistic ... human T cells. Taken together, our findings show how chemical perturbation of splicing can lead ...

    Abstract Despite significant interest in therapeutic targeting of splicing, few chemical probes are available for the proteins involved in splicing. Here, we show that elaborated stereoisomeric acrylamide chemical probe EV96 and its analogues lead to a selective T cell state-dependent loss of interleukin 2-inducible T cell kinase (ITK) by targeting one of the core splicing factors SF3B1. Mechanistic investigations suggest that the state-dependency stems from a combination of differential protein turnover rates and availability of functional mRNA pools that can be depleted due to extensive alternative splicing. We further introduce a comprehensive list of proteins involved in splicing and leverage both cysteine- and protein-directed activity-based protein profiling (ABPP) data with electrophilic scout fragments to demonstrate covalent ligandability for many classes of splicing factors and splicing regulators in primary human T cells. Taken together, our findings show how chemical perturbation of splicing can lead to immune state-dependent changes in protein expression and provide evidence for the broad potential to target splicing factors with covalent chemistry.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Preprint
    DOI 10.1101/2023.12.18.572199
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Bicyclic azetidines target acute and chronic stages of Toxoplasma gondii by inhibiting parasite phenylalanyl t-RNA synthetase.

    Radke, Joshua B / Melillo, Bruno / Mittal, Payal / Sharma, Manmohan / Sharma, Amit / Fu, Yong / Uddin, Taher / Gonse, Arthur / Comer, Eamon / Schreiber, Stuart L / Gupta, Anil K / Chatterjee, Arnab K / Sibley, L David

    Nature communications

    2022  Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 459

    Abstract: ... of phenylalanine tRNA synthetase (PheRS) in T. gondii, with excellent selectivity. Biochemical and genetic studies ... validate PheRS as the primary target of bicyclic azetidines in T. gondii, providing a structural basis ...

    Abstract Toxoplasma gondii commonly infects humans and while most infections are controlled by the immune response, currently approved drugs are not capable of clearing chronic infection in humans. Hence, approximately one third of the world's human population is at risk of reactivation, potentially leading to severe sequelae. To identify new candidates for treating chronic infection, we investigated a series of compounds derived from diversity-oriented synthesis. Bicyclic azetidines are potent low nanomolar inhibitors of phenylalanine tRNA synthetase (PheRS) in T. gondii, with excellent selectivity. Biochemical and genetic studies validate PheRS as the primary target of bicyclic azetidines in T. gondii, providing a structural basis for rational design of improved analogs. Favorable pharmacokinetic properties of a lead compound provide excellent protection from acute infection and partial protection from chronic infection in an immunocompromised mouse model of toxoplasmosis. Collectively, PheRS inhibitors of the bicyclic azetidine series offer promise for treatment of chronic toxoplasmosis.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Antiprotozoal Agents/administration & dosage ; Antiprotozoal Agents/chemistry ; Azetidines/administration & dosage ; Azetidines/chemistry ; Enzyme Inhibitors/administration & dosage ; Enzyme Inhibitors/chemistry ; Female ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred CBA ; Phenylalanine-tRNA Ligase/antagonists & inhibitors ; Phenylalanine-tRNA Ligase/chemistry ; Phenylalanine-tRNA Ligase/metabolism ; Protozoan Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors ; Protozoan Proteins/chemistry ; Protozoan Proteins/metabolism ; Toxoplasma/drug effects ; Toxoplasma/enzymology ; Toxoplasma/genetics ; Toxoplasma/growth & development ; Toxoplasmosis/drug therapy ; Toxoplasmosis/parasitology
    Chemical Substances Antiprotozoal Agents ; Azetidines ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; Protozoan Proteins ; azetidine (37S883XDWR) ; Phenylalanine-tRNA Ligase (EC 6.1.1.20)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-24
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2553671-0
    ISSN 2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    ISSN 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/s41467-022-28108-y
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: An Activity-Guided Map of Electrophile-Cysteine Interactions in Primary Human T Cells.

    Vinogradova, Ekaterina V / Zhang, Xiaoyu / Remillard, David / Lazar, Daniel C / Suciu, Radu M / Wang, Yujia / Bianco, Giulia / Yamashita, Yu / Crowley, Vincent M / Schafroth, Michael A / Yokoyama, Minoru / Konrad, David B / Lum, Kenneth M / Simon, Gabriel M / Kemper, Esther K / Lazear, Michael R / Yin, Sifei / Blewett, Megan M / Dix, Melissa M /
    Nguyen, Nhan / Shokhirev, Maxim N / Chin, Emily N / Lairson, Luke L / Melillo, Bruno / Schreiber, Stuart L / Forli, Stefano / Teijaro, John R / Cravatt, Benjamin F

    Cell

    2020  Volume 182, Issue 4, Page(s) 1009–1026.e29

    Abstract: ... proteome remains limited. Here, we present a global map of cysteines in primary human T cells that are ... roles in immunology. We further show that electrophilic compounds can impair T cell activation ... Our findings reveal a rich content of ligandable cysteines in human T cells and point to electrophilic small ...

    Abstract Electrophilic compounds originating from nature or chemical synthesis have profound effects on immune cells. These compounds are thought to act by cysteine modification to alter the functions of immune-relevant proteins; however, our understanding of electrophile-sensitive cysteines in the human immune proteome remains limited. Here, we present a global map of cysteines in primary human T cells that are susceptible to covalent modification by electrophilic small molecules. More than 3,000 covalently liganded cysteines were found on functionally and structurally diverse proteins, including many that play fundamental roles in immunology. We further show that electrophilic compounds can impair T cell activation by distinct mechanisms involving the direct functional perturbation and/or degradation of proteins. Our findings reveal a rich content of ligandable cysteines in human T cells and point to electrophilic small molecules as a fertile source for chemical probes and ultimately therapeutics that modulate immunological processes and their associated disorders.
    MeSH term(s) Acetamides/chemistry ; Acetamides/pharmacology ; Acrylamides/chemistry ; Acrylamides/pharmacology ; Cells, Cultured ; Cysteine/metabolism ; Humans ; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins/metabolism ; Ligands ; Lymphocyte Activation/drug effects ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism ; Proteolysis/drug effects ; Proteome/chemistry ; Proteome/metabolism ; Stereoisomerism ; T-Lymphocytes/cytology ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes/metabolism ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Acetamides ; Acrylamides ; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins ; Ligands ; Proteome ; chloroacetamide (2R97846T1L) ; BIRC2 protein, human (EC 2.3.2.27) ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases (EC 2.3.2.27) ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases (EC 2.7.10.1) ; emt protein-tyrosine kinase (EC 2.7.10.2) ; Cysteine (K848JZ4886)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 187009-9
    ISSN 1097-4172 ; 0092-8674
    ISSN (online) 1097-4172
    ISSN 0092-8674
    DOI 10.1016/j.cell.2020.07.001
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Bicyclic azetidines target acute and chronic stages of Toxoplasma gondii by inhibiting parasite phenylalanyl t-RNA synthetase

    Joshua B. Radke / Bruno Melillo / Payal Mittal / Manmohan Sharma / Amit Sharma / Yong Fu / Taher Uddin / Arthur Gonse / Eamon Comer / Stuart L. Schreiber / Anil K. Gupta / Arnab K. Chatterjee / L. David Sibley

    Nature Communications, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2022  Volume 13

    Abstract: Current treatments for toxoplasmosis are limited by adverse reactions and inability to cure chronic infections dominated by semi-dormant cyst forms. Here the authors demonstrate the potential of small molecule inhibitors of PheRS for controlling acute ... ...

    Abstract Current treatments for toxoplasmosis are limited by adverse reactions and inability to cure chronic infections dominated by semi-dormant cyst forms. Here the authors demonstrate the potential of small molecule inhibitors of PheRS for controlling acute and chronic toxoplasmosis.
    Keywords Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article: An Activity-Guided Map of Electrophile-Cysteine Interactions in Primary Human T Cells

    Vinogradova, Ekaterina V / Zhang, Xiaoyu / Remillard, David / Lazar, Daniel C / Suciu, Radu M / Wang, Yujia / Bianco, Giulia / Yamashita, Yu / Crowley, Vincent M / Schafroth, Michael A / Yokoyama, Minoru / Konrad, David B / Lum, Kenneth M / Simon, Gabriel M / Kemper, Esther K / Lazear, Michael R / Yin, Sifei / Blewett, Megan M / Dix, Melissa M /
    Nguyen, Nhan / Shokhirev, Maxim N / Chin, Emily N / Lairson, Luke L / Melillo, Bruno / Schreiber, Stuart L / Forli, Stefano / Teijaro, John R / Cravatt, Benjamin F

    Cell. 2020 Aug. 20, v. 182, no. 4

    2020  

    Abstract: ... proteome remains limited. Here, we present a global map of cysteines in primary human T cells that are ... roles in immunology. We further show that electrophilic compounds can impair T cell activation ... Our findings reveal a rich content of ligandable cysteines in human T cells and point to electrophilic small ...

    Abstract Electrophilic compounds originating from nature or chemical synthesis have profound effects on immune cells. These compounds are thought to act by cysteine modification to alter the functions of immune-relevant proteins; however, our understanding of electrophile-sensitive cysteines in the human immune proteome remains limited. Here, we present a global map of cysteines in primary human T cells that are susceptible to covalent modification by electrophilic small molecules. More than 3,000 covalently liganded cysteines were found on functionally and structurally diverse proteins, including many that play fundamental roles in immunology. We further show that electrophilic compounds can impair T cell activation by distinct mechanisms involving the direct functional perturbation and/or degradation of proteins. Our findings reveal a rich content of ligandable cysteines in human T cells and point to electrophilic small molecules as a fertile source for chemical probes and ultimately therapeutics that modulate immunological processes and their associated disorders.
    Keywords Lewis acids ; T-lymphocytes ; chemical bonding ; cysteine ; humans ; immunology ; proteome ; synthesis ; therapeutics
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-0820
    Size p. 1009-1026.e29.
    Publishing place Elsevier Inc.
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-AP-2-clean
    ZDB-ID 187009-9
    ISSN 1097-4172 ; 0092-8674
    ISSN (online) 1097-4172
    ISSN 0092-8674
    DOI 10.1016/j.cell.2020.07.001
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  6. Article ; Online: Editorial: T cells, not "immune" from HIF.

    Melillo, Giovanni

    Journal of leukocyte biology

    2010  Volume 87, Issue 3, Page(s) 359–361

    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/metabolism ; Mice ; Neovascularization, Physiologic ; Shc Signaling Adaptor Proteins/metabolism ; Src Homology 2 Domain-Containing, Transforming Protein 1 ; T-Lymphocytes/cytology ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/genetics ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit ; SHC1 protein, human ; Shc Signaling Adaptor Proteins ; Shc1 protein, mouse ; Src Homology 2 Domain-Containing, Transforming Protein 1 ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 605722-6
    ISSN 1938-3673 ; 0741-5400
    ISSN (online) 1938-3673
    ISSN 0741-5400
    DOI 10.1189/jlb.1009678
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: T-bet regulates immunity to Francisella tularensis live vaccine strain infection, particularly in lungs.

    Melillo, Amanda A / Foreman, Oded / Bosio, Catharine M / Elkins, Karen L

    Infection and immunity

    2014  Volume 82, Issue 4, Page(s) 1477–1490

    Abstract: Upregulation of the transcription factor T-bet is correlated with the strength of protection ... Despite substantial in vivo gamma interferon (IFN-γ) levels, T-bet-knockout (KO) mice infected ... in the lung and spleen. Lungs of LVS-infected T-bet-KO mice contained fewer lymphocytes and more neutrophils ...

    Abstract Upregulation of the transcription factor T-bet is correlated with the strength of protection against secondary challenge with the live vaccine strain (LVS) of Francisella tularensis. Thus, to determine if this mediator had direct consequences in immunity to LVS, we examined its role in infection. Despite substantial in vivo gamma interferon (IFN-γ) levels, T-bet-knockout (KO) mice infected intradermally (i.d.) or intranasally (i.n.) with LVS succumbed to infection with doses 2 log units less than those required for their wild-type (WT) counterparts, and exhibited significantly increased bacterial burdens in the lung and spleen. Lungs of LVS-infected T-bet-KO mice contained fewer lymphocytes and more neutrophils and interleukin-17 than WT mice. LVS-vaccinated T-bet-KO mice survived lethal LVS intraperitoneal secondary challenge but not high doses of LVS i.n. challenge, independently of the route of vaccination. Immune T lymphocytes from the spleens of i.d. LVS-vaccinated WT or KO mice controlled intracellular bacterial replication in an in vitro coculture system, but cultures with T-bet-KO splenocyte supernatants contained less IFN-γ and increased amounts of tumor necrosis factor alpha. In contrast, immune T-bet-KO lung lymphocytes were greatly impaired in controlling intramacrophage growth of LVS; this functional defect is the likely mechanism underpinning the lack of respiratory protection. Taken together, T-bet is important in host resistance to primary LVS infection and i.n. secondary challenge. Thus, T-bet represents a true, useful correlate for immunity to LVS.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Antibodies, Bacterial/blood ; Bacterial Vaccines/immunology ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Francisella tularensis/immunology ; Immunity, Cellular ; Interferon-gamma/metabolism ; Lung/immunology ; Lung/microbiology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Neutrophils/cytology ; Nitrites/metabolism ; Spleen/microbiology ; T-Box Domain Proteins/physiology ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes/metabolism ; Tularemia/immunology
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Bacterial ; Bacterial Vaccines ; Cytokines ; Nitrites ; T-Box Domain Proteins ; T-box transcription factor TBX21 ; Interferon-gamma (82115-62-6)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-01-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 218698-6
    ISSN 1098-5522 ; 0019-9567
    ISSN (online) 1098-5522
    ISSN 0019-9567
    DOI 10.1128/IAI.01545-13
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Prefrontal functional connectivities in autism spectrum disorders: A connectopathic disorder affecting movement, interoception, and cognition.

    Leisman, Gerry / Melillo, Robert / Melillo, Ty

    Brain research bulletin

    2023  Volume 198, Page(s) 65–76

    Abstract: The prefrontal cortex is included in a neuronal system that includes the basal ganglia, the thalamus, and the cerebellum. Most of the higher and more complex motor, cognitive, and emotional behavioral functions are thought to be found primarily in the ... ...

    Abstract The prefrontal cortex is included in a neuronal system that includes the basal ganglia, the thalamus, and the cerebellum. Most of the higher and more complex motor, cognitive, and emotional behavioral functions are thought to be found primarily in the frontal lobes. Insufficient connectivity between the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and other regions of the brain that are distant from each other involved in top-down information processing rely on the global integration of data from multiple input sources and enhance low level perception processes (bottom-up information processing). The reduced deactivation in mPFC and in the rest of the Default Network during global task processing is consistent with the integrative modulatory role served by the mPFC. We stress the importance of understanding the degree to which sensory and movement anomalies in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can contribute to social impairment. Further investigation on the neurobiological basis of sensory symptoms and its relationship to other clinical features found in ASD is required Treatment perhaps should not be first behaviorally based but rather based on facilitating sensory motor development.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Autism Spectrum Disorder ; Interoception ; Brain Mapping ; Brain ; Cognition ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neural Pathways
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 197620-5
    ISSN 1873-2747 ; 0361-9230
    ISSN (online) 1873-2747
    ISSN 0361-9230
    DOI 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.04.004
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Small CD4 Mimetics Prevent HIV-1 Uninfected Bystander CD4 + T Cell Killing Mediated by Antibody-dependent Cell-mediated Cytotoxicity.

    Richard, Jonathan / Veillette, Maxime / Ding, Shilei / Zoubchenok, Daria / Alsahafi, Nirmin / Coutu, Mathieu / Brassard, Nathalie / Park, Jongwoo / Courter, Joel R / Melillo, Bruno / Smith, Amos B / Shaw, George M / Hahn, Beatrice H / Sodroski, Joseph / Kaufmann, Daniel E / Finzi, Andrés

    EBioMedicine

    2016  Volume 3, Page(s) 122–134

    Abstract: ... T cells. Despite its importance for HIV-1 pathogenesis, the precise mechanisms underlying CD4 + T-cell ... cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) mediates the death of uninfected bystander CD4 + T cells in cultures ... and Nef proteins, uninfected bystander CD4 + T cells bind gp120 shed from productively infected cells ...

    Abstract Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection causes a progressive depletion of CD4 + T cells. Despite its importance for HIV-1 pathogenesis, the precise mechanisms underlying CD4 + T-cell depletion remain incompletely understood. Here we make the surprising observation that antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) mediates the death of uninfected bystander CD4 + T cells in cultures of HIV-1-infected cells. While HIV-1-infected cells are protected from ADCC by the action of the viral Vpu and Nef proteins, uninfected bystander CD4 + T cells bind gp120 shed from productively infected cells and are efficiently recognized by ADCC-mediating antibodies. Thus, gp120 shedding represents a viral mechanism to divert ADCC responses towards uninfected bystander CD4 + T cells. Importantly, CD4-mimetic molecules redirect ADCC responses from uninfected bystander cells to HIV-1-infected cells; therefore, CD4-mimetic compounds might have therapeutic utility in new strategies aimed at specifically eliminating HIV-1-infected cells.
    MeSH term(s) Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity/immunology ; CD4 Antigens/metabolism ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/physiology ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/virology ; Cell Communication ; Cell Line ; HIV Envelope Protein gp120/immunology ; HIV Envelope Protein gp120/metabolism ; HIV-1/physiology ; Humans ; Molecular Mimicry ; Protein Binding
    Chemical Substances CD4 Antigens ; HIV Envelope Protein gp120
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-01
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2851331-9
    ISSN 2352-3964
    ISSN (online) 2352-3964
    DOI 10.1016/j.ebiom.2015.12.004
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Molecular analysis of t(15;17) genomic breakpoints in secondary acute promyelocytic leukemia arising after treatment of multiple sclerosis.

    Hasan, Syed Khizer / Mays, Ashley N / Ottone, Tiziana / Ledda, Antonio / La Nasa, Giorgio / Cattaneo, Chiara / Borlenghi, Erika / Melillo, Lorella / Montefusco, Enrico / Cervera, José / Stephen, Christopher / Satchi, Gnanam / Lennard, Anne / Libura, Marta / Byl, Jo Ann W / Osheroff, Neil / Amadori, Sergio / Felix, Carolyn A / Voso, Maria Teresa /
    Sperr, Wolfgang R / Esteve, Jordi / Sanz, Miguel A / Grimwade, David / Lo-Coco, Francesco

    Blood

    2008  Volume 112, Issue 8, Page(s) 3383–3390

    Abstract: Therapy-related acute promyelocytic leukemia (t-APL) with t(15;17) translocation is a well ... related t-APL in MS patients revealed an altered distribution of chromosome 15 breakpoints versus de novo ... within an 8-bp region (1482-9) corresponding to the "hotspot" previously reported in t-APL, complicating ...

    Abstract Therapy-related acute promyelocytic leukemia (t-APL) with t(15;17) translocation is a well-recognized complication of cancer treatment with agents targeting topoisomerase II. However, cases are emerging after mitoxantrone therapy for multiple sclerosis (MS). Analysis of 12 cases of mitoxantrone-related t-APL in MS patients revealed an altered distribution of chromosome 15 breakpoints versus de novo APL, biased toward disruption within PML intron 6 (11 of 12, 92% vs 622 of 1022, 61%: P = .035). Despite this intron spanning approximately 1 kb, breakpoints in 5 mitoxantrone-treated patients fell within an 8-bp region (1482-9) corresponding to the "hotspot" previously reported in t-APL, complicating mitoxantrone-containing breast cancer therapy. Another shared breakpoint was identified within the approximately 17-kb RARA intron 2 involving 2 t-APL cases arising after mitoxantrone treatment for MS and breast cancer, respectively. Analysis of PML and RARA genomic breakpoints in functional assays in 4 cases, including the shared RARA intron 2 breakpoint at 14 446-49, confirmed each to be preferential sites of topoisomerase IIalpha-mediated DNA cleavage in the presence of mitoxantrone. This study further supports the presence of preferential sites of DNA damage induced by mitoxantrone in PML and RARA genes that may underlie the propensity to develop this subtype of leukemia after exposure to this agent.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Antigens, Neoplasm/metabolism ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15 ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17 ; DNA/chemistry ; DNA Topoisomerases, Type II/metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Introns ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/chemically induced ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mitoxantrone/adverse effects ; Mitoxantrone/pharmacology ; Models, Genetic ; Multiple Sclerosis/therapy ; Translocation, Genetic
    Chemical Substances Antigens, Neoplasm ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; DNA (9007-49-2) ; Mitoxantrone (BZ114NVM5P) ; DNA Topoisomerases, Type II (EC 5.99.1.3)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-07-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 80069-7
    ISSN 1528-0020 ; 0006-4971
    ISSN (online) 1528-0020
    ISSN 0006-4971
    DOI 10.1182/blood-2007-10-115600
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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