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Article: The herpes simplex virus type 1 strain 17 open reading frame RL1 encodes a polypeptide of apparent M(r) 37K equivalent to ICP34.5 of herpes simplex virus type 1 strain F.

McKay, E M / McVey, B / Marsden, H S / Brown, S M / MacLean, A R

1993 Volume 74 Pt 11, Page(s) 2493–2497

Abstract: ... with the corresponding HSV-1(F) polypeptide the HSV-1(17) protein has a lower apparent M(r), shows similar kinetics ...

Abstract	The region between the 'a' sequence and the 5' end of the IE1 gene within the long repeat sequence of the herpes simplex virus (HSV) genome plays an important role in the neurovirulence of both HSV-1 strain F and HSV-1 strain 17. However, there has been controversy over the protein-coding potential of this region. Although an open reading frame (ORF) was predicted in HSV-1(F) and shown to encode a polypeptide called ICP34.5, only recently has a corresponding ORF, designated RL1, been recognized in HSV-1(17). To determine whether the HSV-1(17) ORF is expressed, we raised antipeptide sera against predicted amino acid sequences from RL1; one serum specifically recognized a 37K protein in HSV-1(17)-infected cell extracts. Compared with the corresponding HSV-1(F) polypeptide the HSV-1(17) protein has a lower apparent M(r), shows similar kinetics of accumulation and intracellular localization but may accumulate to lower levels than the HSV-1(F) protein. The non-neurovirulent HSV-1(17) deletion variant 1716 fails to synthesize detectable levels of ICP34.5. Thus we have established that HSV-1(17), like HSV-1(F), expresses ICP34.5, a protein important for HSV neurovirulence.
MeSH term(s)	Amino Acid Sequence ; Herpesvirus 1, Human/genetics ; Herpesvirus 1, Human/pathogenicity ; Immune Sera ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Molecular Weight ; Open Reading Frames/genetics ; Peptide Fragments/immunology ; Peptides/genetics ; Peptides/immunology ; Precipitin Tests ; Viral Proteins/genetics ; Viral Proteins/immunology ; Virulence/genetics
Chemical Substances	Immune Sera ; Peptide Fragments ; Peptides ; Viral Proteins ; gamma 34.5 protein, Human herpesvirus 1
Language	English
Publishing date	1993-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	219316-4
ISSN	1465-2099 ; 0022-1317
ISSN (online)	1465-2099
ISSN	0022-1317
DOI	10.1099/0022-1317-74-11-2493
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Zs.A 610: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Alcohol's contribution to climate change and other environmental degradation: a call for research.

Cook, Megan / Critchlow, Nathan / O'Donnell, Rachel / MacLean, Sarah

Health promotion international

2024 Volume 39, Issue 1

Abstract: Climate change is the single biggest health threat facing humanity. The production, distribution and consumption of many fast-moving consumer goods contribute substantially to climate change, principally through releasing greenhouse gas emissions. Here ... ...

Abstract	Climate change is the single biggest health threat facing humanity. The production, distribution and consumption of many fast-moving consumer goods contribute substantially to climate change, principally through releasing greenhouse gas emissions. Here we consider just some of the ways that alcohol-already a key contributor to an array of health, social and economic burdens-exacerbates environmental harms and climate change. We explore current evidence on alcohol production as a resource- and energy-intensive process, contributing to significant environmental degradation through water usage and other carbon emission costs. We argue that the impacts of alcohol production on climate change have been minimally explored by researchers. Yet the extent of the unfolding catastrophe beholds us to consider all available ways to mitigate unnecessary emissions, including from products such as alcohol. We then turn to suggestions for a research agenda on this topic, including investigations of commercial determinants, inequalities and product advice to help consumers choose lower-carbon options. We conclude by arguing that public health researchers already have an array of methodological expertise and experience that is well placed to produce the evidence needed to inform regulation and efforts by alcohol producers and consumers to minimize their contributions to environmental harms.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Climate Change ; Public Health ; Carbon
Chemical Substances	Carbon (7440-44-0)
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-02
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1027448-0
ISSN	1460-2245 ; 0957-4824
ISSN (online)	1460-2245
ISSN	0957-4824
DOI	10.1093/heapro/daae004
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Zs.A 2178: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Resection of previously inoperable retroperitoneal liposarcoma.

Maclean, Ellen / Delriviere, Luc / Johansson, Mikael / Hodder, Rupert

BMJ case reports

2023 Volume 16, Issue 11

Abstract: We present a case of successful resection of a large right upper quadrant retroperitoneal dedifferentiated liposarcoma involving multiple adjacent organs, initially considered inoperable in a patient in his 40s. This case highlights the importance of ... ...

Abstract	We present a case of successful resection of a large right upper quadrant retroperitoneal dedifferentiated liposarcoma involving multiple adjacent organs, initially considered inoperable in a patient in his 40s. This case highlights the importance of extensive preoperative planning and a multidisciplinary approach in achieving a greater chance of curative resection. Preoperative optimisation included neoadjuvant chemotherapy, concurrent portal vein embolisation and hepatic vein embolisation. The patient then underwent en-bloc resection, including total pancreatectomy, hemihepatectomy and vena caval resection in conjunction with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and percutaneous venovenous bypass.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Hepatectomy ; Liposarcoma/diagnostic imaging ; Liposarcoma/surgery ; Retroperitoneal Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Retroperitoneal Neoplasms/surgery ; Retroperitoneal Space ; Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ISSN	1757-790X
ISSN (online)	1757-790X
DOI	10.1136/bcr-2023-256479
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Article ; Online: Characterization of mitochondrial and metabolic alterations induced by trisomy 21 during neural differentiation.

Prutton, Kendra M / Marentette, John O / Maclean, Kenneth N / Roede, James R

Free radical biology & medicine

2023 Volume 196, Page(s) 11–21

Abstract: Cellular redox state directs differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) by energy metabolism control and ROS generation. As oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction have been extensively reported in Down syndrome (DS), we evaluated ... ...

Abstract	Cellular redox state directs differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) by energy metabolism control and ROS generation. As oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction have been extensively reported in Down syndrome (DS), we evaluated mitochondrial phenotypes and energy metabolism during neural differentiation of DS iPSCs to neural progenitor cells (NPCs). Our results indicate early maturation of mitochondrial networks and elevated NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) expression in DS iPSCs. DS cells also fail to transition from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation during differentiation. Specifically, DS NPCs show an increased energetic demand that is limited in their mitochondrial and glycolytic response to mitochondrial distress. Additionally, DS iPSC and NPC non-mitochondrial oxygen consumption was significantly impacted by NOX inhibition. Together, these data build upon previous evidence of accelerated neural differentiation in DS that correlates with cellular redox state. We demonstrate the potential for mitochondrial and non-mitochondrial ROS sources to impact differentiation timing in the context of DS, which could contribute to developmental deficits in this condition.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Down Syndrome/genetics ; Down Syndrome/metabolism ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ; Cell Differentiation/genetics ; Neural Stem Cells/metabolism ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/metabolism ; Mitochondria/genetics ; Mitochondria/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Reactive Oxygen Species
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	807032-5
ISSN	1873-4596 ; 0891-5849
ISSN (online)	1873-4596
ISSN	0891-5849
DOI	10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.01.009
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Zs.A 2109: Show issues

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Article: Macroclimate data overestimate range shifts of plants in response to climate change

Maclean, Ilya M. D. / Early, Regan

Fleischwirtschaft

2023 Volume 103, Issue 6, Page(s) 484

Language	German
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	41203-X
ISSN	0015-363X
Database	Current Contents Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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Z 2158: Show issues

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Article ; Online: The combination of emicizumab and recombinant factor VIII in plasma: Which assays can we use for accurate measurement?

Bowyer, Annette E / Maclean, Rhona M / Kitchen, Steve

International journal of laboratory hematology

2023 Volume 45, Issue 3, Page(s) 368–376

Abstract: ... with 36 combinations of emicizumab plus recombinant (r) FVIII concentrates.: Method: FVIII assays were ...

Abstract	Introduction: The bispecific antibody, emicizumab, is a prophylactic therapy used for the treatment of haemophilia A (HA). Patients may require additional replacement factor VIII (FVIII) to ensure adequate haemostasis. This study investigated the laboratory measurement of severe HA (SHA) plasma spiked with 36 combinations of emicizumab plus recombinant (r) FVIII concentrates. Method: FVIII assays were performed by one stage assay (OSA) using eight APTT reagents from three manufacturers and chromogenic assays (CSA) using seven kits. CSA kits comprised a range of bovine FX/FIXa, bovine FX/human FIXa or human FX/FIXa. Thrombin generation (TG) was assessed by CAT and ST-Genesia. Results: Emicizumab-calibrated modified OSA and human FX CSA both overestimated rFVIII in the presence of emicizumab; median FVIII:C of up to 89% higher was observed in plasma spiked with both drugs compared to just rFVIII. In bovine FX CSA assays, there was a FVIII:C increase of up to 11% in plasmas spiked with both drugs compared to rFVIII alone. TG parameters were not all normalized by the presence of emicizumab however addition of rFVIII increased TG. ETP and peak thrombin were normalized at 50 μg/ml emicizumab using ST-Genesia but were still reduced at 75 μg/ml with CAT. Addition of rFVIII further normalized results. Conclusion: Modified OSA and human FX CSA could not distinguish between rFVIII or emicizumab. The presence of both emicizumab and rFVIII increased thrombin generation to normal levels compared to each drug alone. Bovine FX CSA can be used to accurately determine FVIII activity of rFVIII in plasma which also contains emicizumab.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Cattle ; Humans ; Factor VIII ; Hemophilia A ; Hemostatics/therapeutic use ; Thrombin
Chemical Substances	emicizumab (7NL2E3F6K3) ; Factor VIII (9001-27-8) ; Hemostatics ; Thrombin (EC 3.4.21.5)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-29
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2268590-X
ISSN	1751-553X ; 1751-5521 ; 0141-9854
ISSN (online)	1751-553X
ISSN	1751-5521 ; 0141-9854
DOI	10.1111/ijlh.14021
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Zs.A 1499: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Drinking alcohol at home feels different from drinking in public places: a qualitative study of midlife Australians.

MacLean, Sarah / Caluzzi, Gabriel / Cook, Megan / Room, Robin / Callinan, Sarah

Health & place

2024 Volume 86, Page(s) 103179

Abstract: This paper shows how drinking in one's own home affords different affective experiences to drinking in public settings such as bars, pubs and restaurants. A thematic analysis of interviews with 40 Australians aged 30-65 identified three main variations ... ...

Abstract	This paper shows how drinking in one's own home affords different affective experiences to drinking in public settings such as bars, pubs and restaurants. A thematic analysis of interviews with 40 Australians aged 30-65 identified three main variations in alcohol-associated feelings, sensations and urges. Alcohol was used at home to decelerate, but in contrast, people were enlivened when drinking in public venues. Drinking in public generated a sense of vigilance and greater requirement to self-monitor than usually felt necessary at home. For some, drinking at home seemed more habitual; governed by urges rather than intentionality, than drinking outside it did. Policy and interventions that target drinking in the home should be prioritised, such as those focussed on off-premise pricing and availability.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Alcohol Drinking/psychology ; Australia ; Environment ; Emotions ; Australasian People
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-16
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1262540-1
ISSN	1873-2054 ; 1353-8292
ISSN (online)	1873-2054
ISSN	1353-8292
DOI	10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103179
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Article ; Online: Restriction-modification systems have shaped the evolution and distribution of plasmids across bacteria.

Shaw, Liam P / Rocha, Eduardo P C / MacLean, R Craig

Nucleic acids research

2023 Volume 51, Issue 13, Page(s) 6806–6818

Abstract: ... Yet plasmids have different host ranges. Restriction-modification systems (R-M systems) are by far the most ... of the most abundant R-M systems (Type II) for complete genomes and plasmids across bacterial diversity ... with the taxonomic distribution of R-M systems and is greater in plasmid genes than core genes. We find stronger ...

Abstract	Many novel traits such as antibiotic resistance are spread by plasmids between species. Yet plasmids have different host ranges. Restriction-modification systems (R-M systems) are by far the most abundant bacterial defense system and therefore represent one of the key barriers to plasmid spread. However, their effect on plasmid evolution and host range has been neglected. Here we analyse the avoidance of targets of the most abundant R-M systems (Type II) for complete genomes and plasmids across bacterial diversity. For the most common target length (6 bp) we show that target avoidance is strongly correlated with the taxonomic distribution of R-M systems and is greater in plasmid genes than core genes. We find stronger avoidance of R-M targets in plasmids which are smaller and have a broader host range. Our results suggest two different evolutionary strategies for plasmids: small plasmids primarily adapt to R-M systems by tuning their sequence composition, and large plasmids primarily adapt through the carriage of additional genes protecting from restriction. Our work provides systematic evidence that R-M systems are important barriers to plasmid transfer and have left their mark on plasmids over long evolutionary time.
MeSH term(s)	DNA Restriction-Modification Enzymes/genetics ; Plasmids/genetics ; Bacteria/genetics ; Adaptation, Physiological ; Drug Resistance, Microbial
Chemical Substances	DNA Restriction-Modification Enzymes
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-31
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	186809-3
ISSN	1362-4962 ; 1362-4954 ; 0301-5610 ; 0305-1048
ISSN (online)	1362-4962 ; 1362-4954
ISSN	0301-5610 ; 0305-1048
DOI	10.1093/nar/gkad452
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Zs.A 1067: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Predicting future climate at high spatial and temporal resolution.

Maclean, Ilya M D

Global change biology

2019 Volume 26, Issue 2, Page(s) 1003–1011

Abstract: ... equation. Code for processing the data and running the models is provided as a series of R packages ... 100 m grid resolution over entire area, 1 m for a selected area) for the periods 1983-2017 and 2041 ...

Abstract	Most studies on the biological effects of future climatic changes rely on seasonally aggregated, coarse-resolution data. Such data mask spatial and temporal variability in microclimate driven by terrain, wind and vegetation, and ultimately bear little resemblance to the conditions that organisms experience in the wild. Here, I present the methods for providing fine-grained, hourly and daily estimates of current and future temperature and soil moisture over decadal timescales. Observed climate data and spatially coherent probabilistic projections of daily future weather were disaggregated to hourly and used to drive empirically calibrated physical models of thermal and hydrological microclimates. Mesoclimatic effects (cold-air drainage, coastal exposure and elevation) were determined from the coarse-resolution climate surfaces using thin-plate spline models with coastal exposure and elevation as predictors. Differences between micro and mesoclimate temperatures were determined from terrain, vegetation and ground properties using energy balance equations. Soil moisture was computed in a thin upper layer and an underlying deeper layer, and the exchange of water between these layers was calculated using the van Genuchten equation. Code for processing the data and running the models is provided as a series of R packages. The methods were applied to the Lizard Peninsula, United Kingdom, to provide hourly estimates of temperature (100 m grid resolution over entire area, 1 m for a selected area) for the periods 1983-2017 and 2041-2049. Results indicated that there is a fine-resolution variability in climatic changes, driven primarily by interactions between landscape features and decadal trends in weather conditions. High-temporal resolution extremes in conditions under future climate change were predicted to be considerably less novel than the extremes estimated using seasonally aggregated variables. The study highlights the need to more accurately estimate the future climatic conditions experienced by organisms and equips biologists with the means to do so.
MeSH term(s)	Climate Change ; Microclimate ; Soil ; Temperature ; United Kingdom
Chemical Substances	Soil
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-11-16
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1281439-8
ISSN	1365-2486 ; 1354-1013
ISSN (online)	1365-2486
ISSN	1354-1013
DOI	10.1111/gcb.14876
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Z 6338: Show issues

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Article: Obesity, estrogens and adipose tissue dysfunction - implications for pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Mair, Kirsty M / Gaw, Rosemary / MacLean, Margaret R

Pulmonary circulation

2020 Volume 10, Issue 3, Page(s) 2045894020952019

Abstract: Obesity is a prevalent global public health issue characterized by excess body fat. Adipose tissue is now recognized as an important endocrine organ releasing an abundance of bioactive adipokines including, but not limited to, leptin, adiponectin and ... ...

Abstract	Obesity is a prevalent global public health issue characterized by excess body fat. Adipose tissue is now recognized as an important endocrine organ releasing an abundance of bioactive adipokines including, but not limited to, leptin, adiponectin and resistin. Obesity is a common comorbidity amongst pulmonary arterial hypertension patients, with 30% to 40% reported as obese, independent of other comorbidities associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension (e.g. obstructive sleep apnoea). An 'obesity paradox' has been observed, where obesity has been associated with subclinical right ventricular dysfunction but paradoxically may confer a protective effect on right ventricular function once pulmonary hypertension develops. Obesity and pulmonary arterial hypertension share multiple pathophysiological mechanisms including inflammation, oxidative stress, elevated leptin (proinflammatory) and reduced adiponectin (anti-inflammatory). The female prevalence of pulmonary arterial hypertension has instigated the hypothesis that estrogens may play a causative role in its development. Adipose tissue, a major site for storage and metabolism of sex steroids, is the primary source of estrogens and circulating estrogens levels which are elevated in postmenopausal women and men with pulmonary arterial hypertension. This review discusses the functions of adipose tissue in both health and obesity and the links between obesity and pulmonary arterial hypertension. Shared pathophysiological mechanisms and the contribution of specific fat depots, metabolic and sex-dependent differences are discussed.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2638089-4
ISSN	2045-8940 ; 2045-8932
ISSN (online)	2045-8940
ISSN	2045-8932
DOI	10.1177/2045894020952023
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