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  1. Article ; Online: Image-guided metabolomics and transcriptomics reveal tumour heterogeneity in luminal A and B human breast cancer beyond glucose tracer uptake.

    Yang, Qianlu / Deng, Sisi / Preibsch, Heike / Schade, Tim-Colin / Koch, André / Berezhnoy, Georgy / Zizmare, Laimdota / Fischer, Anna / Gückel, Brigitte / Staebler, Annette / Hartkopf, Andreas D / Pichler, Bernd J / la Fougère, Christian / Hahn, Markus / Bonzheim, Irina / Nikolaou, Konstantin / Trautwein, Christoph

    Clinical and translational medicine

    2024  Volume 14, Issue 2, Page(s) e1550

    Abstract: Background: Breast cancer is a metabolically heterogeneous disease, and although the concept of heterogeneous cancer metabolism is known, its precise role in human breast cancer is yet to be fully elucidated.: Methods: We investigated in an ... ...

    Abstract Background: Breast cancer is a metabolically heterogeneous disease, and although the concept of heterogeneous cancer metabolism is known, its precise role in human breast cancer is yet to be fully elucidated.
    Methods: We investigated in an explorative approach a cohort of 42 primary mamma carcinoma patients with positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MR) prior to surgery, followed by histopathology and molecular diagnosis. From a subset of patients, which showed high metabolic heterogeneity based on tracer uptake and pathology classification, tumour centre and periphery specimen tissue samples were further investigated by a targeted breast cancer gene expression panel and quantitative metabolomics by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. All data were analysed in a combinatory approach.
    Results: [
    Conclusion: Our analysis indicates variations in metabolism among different breast cancer subtypes and sampling locations which details the heterogeneity of the breast tumours. Correlation analysis of [
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Female ; Breast Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Breast Neoplasms/genetics ; Breast Neoplasms/metabolism ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18/metabolism ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Acetates ; Serine ; Lipids
    Chemical Substances Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 (0Z5B2CJX4D) ; Acetates ; Serine (452VLY9402) ; Lipids
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2697013-2
    ISSN 2001-1326 ; 2001-1326
    ISSN (online) 2001-1326
    ISSN 2001-1326
    DOI 10.1002/ctm2.1550
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Semisynthetic Amides of Amphotericin B and Nystatin A

    Tevyashova, Anna / Efimova, Svetlana / Alexandrov, Alexander / Omelchuk, Olga / Ghazy, Eslam / Bychkova, Elena / Zatonsky, Georgy / Grammatikova, Natalia / Dezhenkova, Lyubov / Solovieva, Svetlana / Ostroumova, Olga / Shchekotikhin, Andrey

    Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)

    2023  Volume 12, Issue 1

    Abstract: Polyene antifungal amphotericin B (AmB) has been used for over 60 years, and remains a valuable ...

    Abstract Polyene antifungal amphotericin B (AmB) has been used for over 60 years, and remains a valuable clinical treatment for systemic mycoses, due to its broad antifungal activity and low rate of emerging resistance. There is no consensus on how exactly it kills fungal cells but it is certain that AmB and the closely-related nystatin (Nys) can form pores in membranes and have a higher affinity towards ergosterol than cholesterol. Notably, the high nephro- and hemolytic toxicity of polyenes and their low solubility in water have led to efforts to improve their properties. We present the synthesis of new amphotericin and nystatin amides and a comparative study of the effects of identical modifications of AmB and Nys on the relationship between their structure and properties. Generally, increases in the activity/toxicity ratio were in good agreement with increasing ratios of selective permeabilization of ergosterol- vs. cholesterol-containing membranes. We also show that the introduced modifications had an effect on the sensitivity of mutant yeast strains with alterations in ergosterol biosynthesis to the studied polyenes, suggesting a varying affinity towards intermediate ergosterol precursors. Three new water-soluble nystatin derivatives showed a prominent improvement in safety and were selected as promising candidates for drug development.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-11
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2681345-2
    ISSN 2079-6382
    ISSN 2079-6382
    DOI 10.3390/antibiotics12010151
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Evaluation of novel cathepsin-X inhibitors in vitro and in vivo and their ability to improve cathepsin-B-directed antitumor therapy.

    Mitrović, Ana / Završnik, Janja / Mikhaylov, Georgy / Knez, Damijan / Pečar Fonović, Urša / Matjan Štefin, Petra / Butinar, Miha / Gobec, Stanislav / Turk, Boris / Kos, Janko

    Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS

    2022  Volume 79, Issue 1, Page(s) 34

    Abstract: ... inhibitor of cathepsin X named Z9 (1-(2,3-dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin-6-yl)-2-((4-isopropyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol ... progression is the compensation of cathepsin-B activity loss. Our results confirm that cathepsin-B inhibition ... the simultaneous inhibition of both cathepsins B and X with potent, selective, reversible inhibitors exerted ...

    Abstract New therapeutic targets that could improve current antitumor therapy and overcome cancer resistance are urgently needed. Promising candidates are lysosomal cysteine cathepsins, proteolytical enzymes involved in various critical steps during cancer progression. Among them, cathepsin X, which acts solely as a carboxypeptidase, has received much attention. Our results indicate that the triazole-based selective reversible inhibitor of cathepsin X named Z9 (1-(2,3-dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin-6-yl)-2-((4-isopropyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)thio)ethan-1-one) significantly reduces tumor progression, both in vitro in cell-based functional assays and in vivo in two independent tumor mouse models: the FVB/PyMT transgenic and MMTV-PyMT orthotopic breast cancer mouse models. One of the mechanisms by which cathepsin X contributes to cancer progression is the compensation of cathepsin-B activity loss. Our results confirm that cathepsin-B inhibition is compensated by an increase in cathepsin X activity and protein levels. Furthermore, the simultaneous inhibition of both cathepsins B and X with potent, selective, reversible inhibitors exerted a synergistic effect in impairing processes of tumor progression in in vitro cell-based assays of tumor cell migration and spheroid growth. Taken together, our data demonstrate that Z9 impairs tumor progression both in vitro and in vivo and can be used in combination with other peptidase inhibitors as an innovative approach to overcome resistance to antipeptidase therapy.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cathepsin B/antagonists & inhibitors ; Cathepsin B/metabolism ; Cathepsins/antagonists & inhibitors ; Cathepsins/genetics ; Cathepsins/metabolism ; Cell Death/drug effects ; Cell Line ; Cell Movement/drug effects ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects ; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor/methods ; Enzyme Inhibitors/chemistry ; Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Humans ; Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy ; Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism ; Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology ; Mice, Transgenic ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neutrophil Infiltration/drug effects ; Tumor Burden/drug effects
    Chemical Substances Enzyme Inhibitors ; Cathepsins (EC 3.4.-) ; cathepsin X, mouse (EC 3.4.-) ; Cathepsin B (EC 3.4.22.1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-06
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1358415-7
    ISSN 1420-9071 ; 1420-682X
    ISSN (online) 1420-9071
    ISSN 1420-682X
    DOI 10.1007/s00018-021-04117-w
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: A role for stefin B (cystatin B) in inflammation and endotoxemia.

    Maher, Katarina / Jerič Kokelj, Barbara / Butinar, Miha / Mikhaylov, Georgy / Manček-Keber, Mateja / Stoka, Veronika / Vasiljeva, Olga / Turk, Boris / Grigoryev, Sergei A / Kopitar-Jerala, Nataša

    The Journal of biological chemistry

    2014  Volume 289, Issue 46, Page(s) 31736–31750

    Abstract: Stefin B (cystatin B) is an endogenous cysteine cathepsin inhibitor, and the loss-of-function ... mutations in the stefin B gene were reported in patients with Unverricht-Lundborg disease (EPM1 ... In this study we demonstrated that stefin B-deficient (StB KO) mice were significantly more sensitive ...

    Abstract Stefin B (cystatin B) is an endogenous cysteine cathepsin inhibitor, and the loss-of-function mutations in the stefin B gene were reported in patients with Unverricht-Lundborg disease (EPM1). In this study we demonstrated that stefin B-deficient (StB KO) mice were significantly more sensitive to the lethal LPS-induced sepsis and secreted higher amounts of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18 in the serum. We further showed that increased caspase-11 gene expression and better pro-inflammatory caspase-1 and -11 activation determined in StB KO bone marrow-derived macrophages resulted in enhanced IL-1β processing. Pretreatment of macrophages with the cathepsin inhibitor E-64d did not affect secretion of IL-1β, suggesting that the increased cathepsin activity determined in StB KO bone marrow-derived macrophages is not essential for inflammasome activation. Upon LPS stimulation, stefin B was targeted into the mitochondria, and the lack of stefin B resulted in the increased destabilization of mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial superoxide generation. Collectively, our study demonstrates that the LPS-induced sepsis in StB KO mice is dependent on caspase-11 and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species but is not associated with the lysosomal destabilization and increased cathepsin activity in the cytosol.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Caspases/metabolism ; Caspases, Initiator ; Cystatin B/physiology ; Endotoxemia/metabolism ; Escherichia coli/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Inflammasomes/metabolism ; Inflammation/metabolism ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Macrophages/cytology ; Macrophages/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Mice, Transgenic ; Mitochondria/metabolism ; NF-kappa B/metabolism ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Cstb protein, mouse ; Inflammasomes ; Lipopolysaccharides ; NF-kappa B ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Cystatin B (88844-95-5) ; Casp4 protein, mouse (EC 3.4.22.-) ; Caspases (EC 3.4.22.-) ; Caspases, Initiator (EC 3.4.22.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-10-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2997-x
    ISSN 1083-351X ; 0021-9258
    ISSN (online) 1083-351X
    ISSN 0021-9258
    DOI 10.1074/jbc.M114.609396
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Combinatorial Efficacy and Toxicity of an Engineered Toxin Body MT-3724 with Gemcitabine and Oxaliplatin in Relapsed or Refractory Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma.

    Lin, Chenyu / Galal, Ahmed / Rizzieri, David / Chawla, Sant / Lee, Seung T / Georgy, Angela / Dabovic, Kristina / Strack, Thomas / McKinney, Matthew

    Cancer investigation

    2023  , Page(s) 1–10

    Abstract: ... to a Shiga-like toxin subunit. In this phase IIa study, eight patients with relapsed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma were ...

    Abstract MT-3724 is an engineered direct-kill immunotoxin comprised of a CD20-specific scFv fused to a Shiga-like toxin subunit. In this phase IIa study, eight patients with relapsed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma were treated with MT-3724 combined with gemcitabine and oxaliplatin (GEMOX). The objective response rate was 85.7%, with a median duration of response of 2.2 months. The 12-month overall survival and progression-free survival were 71.4% and 28.6%, respectively. Two patients experienced grade 2 capillary leak syndrome (CLS). Combination therapy with MT-3724 and GEMOX demonstrated an early efficacy signal but was limited by the incidence of CLS.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-31
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 604942-4
    ISSN 1532-4192 ; 0735-7907
    ISSN (online) 1532-4192
    ISSN 0735-7907
    DOI 10.1080/07357907.2022.2162073
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Book ; Online: Exploring the Properties of the V_B^- Defect in hBN

    Gracheva, Irina N. / Sadovnikova, Margarita A. / Murzakhanov, Fadis F. / Mamin, Georgy V. / Baibekov, Eduard I. / Mokhov, Evgeniy N.

    Optical Spin Polarization, Rabi Oscillations, and Coherent Nuclei Modulation

    2023  

    Abstract: ... a negatively charged boron vacancy (V_B^-) with unique spin, optical, and coherent properties presents a new ... the value of V_B^ - spin polarization under optical pumping with {\lambda}ext = 532 nm laser using high ...

    Abstract Optically active point defects in semiconductors have received great attention in the field of solid-state quantum technologies. Hexagonal boron nitride, with an ultra-wide band gap E_g = 6 eV, containing a negatively charged boron vacancy (V_B^-) with unique spin, optical, and coherent properties presents a new two-dimensional platform for the implementation of quantum technologies. This work establishes the value of V_B^ - spin polarization under optical pumping with {\lambda}ext = 532 nm laser using high-frequency ({\nu}mw = 94 GHz) electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. In optimal conditions polarization was found to be P = 38.4 %. Our study reveals that Rabi oscillations induced on polarized spin states persist for up to 30-40 microseconds, which is nearly two orders of magnitude longer than what was previously reported. Analysis of the coherent electron-nuclear interaction through the observed electron spin echo envelope modulation (ESEEM) made it possible to detect signals from remote nitrogen and boron nuclei, and to establish a corresponding quadrupole coupling constant Cq = 180 kHz related to nuclear quadrupole moment of 14N. These results have fundamental importance for understanding spin properties of boron vacancy.
    Keywords Condensed Matter - Materials Science
    Subject code 530 ; 535
    Publishing date 2023-05-13
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Evaluation of novel cathepsin-X inhibitors in vitro and in vivo and their ability to improve cathepsin-B-directed antitumor therapy

    Mitrović, Ana / Završnik, Janja / Mikhaylov, Georgy / Knez, Damijan / Pečar Fonović, Urša / Matjan Štefin, Petra / Butinar, Miha / Gobec, Stanislav / Turk, Boris / Kos, Janko

    Cell. Mol. Life Sci.. 2022 Jan., v. 79, no. 1 p.34-34

    2022  

    Abstract: ... inhibitor of cathepsin X named Z9 (1-(2,3-dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin-6-yl)-2-((4-isopropyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol ... progression is the compensation of cathepsin-B activity loss. Our results confirm that cathepsin-B inhibition ... the simultaneous inhibition of both cathepsins B and X with potent, selective, reversible inhibitors exerted ...

    Abstract New therapeutic targets that could improve current antitumor therapy and overcome cancer resistance are urgently needed. Promising candidates are lysosomal cysteine cathepsins, proteolytical enzymes involved in various critical steps during cancer progression. Among them, cathepsin X, which acts solely as a carboxypeptidase, has received much attention. Our results indicate that the triazole-based selective reversible inhibitor of cathepsin X named Z9 (1-(2,3-dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin-6-yl)-2-((4-isopropyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)thio)ethan-1-one) significantly reduces tumor progression, both in vitro in cell-based functional assays and in vivo in two independent tumor mouse models: the FVB/PyMT transgenic and MMTV-PyMT orthotopic breast cancer mouse models. One of the mechanisms by which cathepsin X contributes to cancer progression is the compensation of cathepsin-B activity loss. Our results confirm that cathepsin-B inhibition is compensated by an increase in cathepsin X activity and protein levels. Furthermore, the simultaneous inhibition of both cathepsins B and X with potent, selective, reversible inhibitors exerted a synergistic effect in impairing processes of tumor progression in in vitro cell-based assays of tumor cell migration and spheroid growth. Taken together, our data demonstrate that Z9 impairs tumor progression both in vitro and in vivo and can be used in combination with other peptidase inhibitors as an innovative approach to overcome resistance to antipeptidase therapy.
    Keywords breast neoplasms ; cancer therapy ; cathepsin B ; cathepsin X ; cell movement ; cysteine ; genetically modified organisms ; mice ; neoplasm cells ; neoplasm progression ; synergism
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-01
    Size p. 34.
    Publishing place Springer International Publishing
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 1358415-7
    ISSN 1420-9071 ; 1420-682X
    ISSN (online) 1420-9071
    ISSN 1420-682X
    DOI 10.1007/s00018-021-04117-w
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  8. Article ; Online: Equine rhinitis B viruses in horse fecal samples from the Middle East.

    Woo, Patrick C Y / Lau, Susanna K P / Choi, Garnet K Y / Huang, Yi / Wernery, Renate / Joseph, Sunitha / Wong, Emily Y M / Elizabeth, Shyna K / Patteril, Nissy Annie Georgy / Li, Tong / Wernery, Ulrich / Yuen, Kwok-Yung

    Virology journal

    2016  Volume 13, Page(s) 94

    Abstract: ... rhinitis B virus (ERBV) are known to infect horses, causing respiratory infections. No reports have ...

    Abstract Background: Among all known picornaviruses, only two species, equine rhinitis A virus and equine rhinitis B virus (ERBV) are known to infect horses, causing respiratory infections. No reports have described the detection of ERBV in fecal samples of horses and no complete genome sequences of ERBV3 are available.
    Methods: We performed a molecular epidemiology study to detect ERBVs in horses from Dubai and Hong Kong. Complete genome sequencing of the ERBVs as well as viral loads and genome, phylogenetic and evolutionary analysis were performed on the positive samples.
    Results: ERBV was detected in four (13.8 %) of the 29 fecal samples in horses from Dubai, with viral loads 8.28 × 10(3) to 5.83 × 10(4) copies per ml, but none of the 47 fecal samples in horses from Hong Kong by RT-PCR. Complete genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis showed that three of the four strains were ERBV3 and one was ERBV2. The major difference between the genomes of ERBV3 and those of ERBV1 and ERBV2 lied in the amino acid sequences of their VP1 proteins. The Ka/Ks ratios of all the coding regions in the ERBV3 genomes were all <0.1, suggesting that ERBV3 were stably evolving in horses. Using the uncorrelated lognormal distributed relaxed clock model on VP1 gene, the date of the most recent common ancestor (MRCA) of ERBV3 was estimated to be 1785 (HPDs, 1176 to 1937) and the MRCA dates of ERBV1 and ERBV2 were estimated to be 1848 (HPDs, 1466 to 1949) respectively.
    Conclusions: Both acid stable (ERBV3) and acid labile (ERBV2) ERBVs could be found in fecal samples of horses. Detection of ERBVs in fecal samples would have implications for their transmission and potential role in gastrointestinal diseases as well as fecal sampling as an alternative method of identifying infected horses.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Erbovirus/classification ; Erbovirus/genetics ; Erbovirus/isolation & purification ; Feces/virology ; Genome, Viral ; Hong Kong/epidemiology ; Horse Diseases/epidemiology ; Horse Diseases/virology ; Horses ; Middle East/epidemiology ; Molecular Epidemiology ; Picornaviridae Infections/epidemiology ; Picornaviridae Infections/veterinary ; Picornaviridae Infections/virology ; Sequence Analysis, DNA
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-06-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1743-422X
    ISSN (online) 1743-422X
    DOI 10.1186/s12985-016-0547-x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Equine rhinitis B viruses in horse fecal samples from the Middle East

    Woo, Patrick C. Y / Emily Y. M. Wong / Garnet K. Y. Choi / Kwok-Yung Yuen / Nissy Annie Georgy Patteril / Renate Wernery / Shyna K. Elizabeth / Sunitha Joseph / Susanna K. P. Lau / Tong Li / Ulrich Wernery / Yi Huang

    Virology journal. 2016 Dec., v. 13, no. 1

    2016  

    Abstract: ... rhinitis B virus (ERBV) are known to infect horses, causing respiratory infections. No reports have ...

    Abstract BACKGROUND: Among all known picornaviruses, only two species, equine rhinitis A virus and equine rhinitis B virus (ERBV) are known to infect horses, causing respiratory infections. No reports have described the detection of ERBV in fecal samples of horses and no complete genome sequences of ERBV3 are available. METHODS: We performed a molecular epidemiology study to detect ERBVs in horses from Dubai and Hong Kong. Complete genome sequencing of the ERBVs as well as viral loads and genome, phylogenetic and evolutionary analysis were performed on the positive samples. RESULTS: ERBV was detected in four (13.8 %) of the 29 fecal samples in horses from Dubai, with viral loads 8.28 × 10³ to 5.83 × 10⁴ copies per ml, but none of the 47 fecal samples in horses from Hong Kong by RT-PCR. Complete genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis showed that three of the four strains were ERBV3 and one was ERBV2. The major difference between the genomes of ERBV3 and those of ERBV1 and ERBV2 lied in the amino acid sequences of their VP1 proteins. The Ka/Ks ratios of all the coding regions in the ERBV3 genomes were all <0.1, suggesting that ERBV3 were stably evolving in horses. Using the uncorrelated lognormal distributed relaxed clock model on VP1 gene, the date of the most recent common ancestor (MRCA) of ERBV3 was estimated to be 1785 (HPDs, 1176 to 1937) and the MRCA dates of ERBV1 and ERBV2 were estimated to be 1848 (HPDs, 1466 to 1949) respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Both acid stable (ERBV3) and acid labile (ERBV2) ERBVs could be found in fecal samples of horses. Detection of ERBVs in fecal samples would have implications for their transmission and potential role in gastrointestinal diseases as well as fecal sampling as an alternative method of identifying infected horses.
    Keywords amino acid sequences ; digestive system diseases ; Equine rhinitis A virus ; Equine rhinitis B virus ; feces ; genes ; horses ; models ; molecular epidemiology ; nucleotide sequences ; phylogeny ; proteins ; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction ; rhinitis ; sequence analysis ; viral load ; viruses ; China ; Middle East ; United Arab Emirates ; covid19
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2016-12
    Size p. 94.
    Publishing place BioMed Central
    Document type Article
    ISSN 1743-422X
    DOI 10.1186/s12985-016-0547-x
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  10. Article ; Online: Nestedness of flea assemblages harboured by small mammalian hosts revisited: phylogenetic and functional nestedness do not follow compositional nestedness.

    Krasnov, Boris R / Shenbrot, Georgy I / Khokhlova, Irina S

    Parasitology research

    2024  Volume 123, Issue 1, Page(s) 111

    Abstract: ... phylogenetically, or functionally nested? (b) Do similar processes drive these nestedness facets? (d) Are a host's ...

    Abstract We studied compositional, phylogenetic, and functional nestedness in the flea assemblages of 14 host species across regions. Our main questions were (a) are a host's flea assemblages compositionally, phylogenetically, or functionally nested? (b) Do similar processes drive these nestedness facets? (d) Are a host's biological traits associated with nestedness of its flea assemblages? Rows of host matrices were ordered by decreasing species richness/the sum of the branch lengths of a phylogenetic tree/functional dendrogram or by decreasing region area or by increasing distance from the centre of a host's geographic range. None of the matrices sorted by species richness/sum of branch lengths were nested from a compositional perspective, but they were significantly nested from phylogenetic and functional perspectives. Compositional, phylogenetic, and functional nestedness of matrices sorted by region area or by distance from the host's geographic range centre varied between hosts. In some hosts, flea assemblages were nested from all three perspectives independently of how matrix rows were sorted, whereas in other hosts, the occurrence of significant nestedness depended on the order of the matrix rows. The degree of phylogenetic and functional nestedness for matrices sorted by the sum of branch lengths was associated with a host species' morphoecological traits and the latitude of its geographic range. We conclude that consideration of nestedness based solely on species composition does not allow a comprehensive understanding of the patterns of parasite community structure. Nestedness should also be considered from phylogenetic and functional perspectives.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Phylogeny ; Cell Movement ; Host Specificity ; Mammals ; Siphonaptera
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-25
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 284966-5
    ISSN 1432-1955 ; 0932-0113 ; 0044-3255
    ISSN (online) 1432-1955
    ISSN 0932-0113 ; 0044-3255
    DOI 10.1007/s00436-024-08132-1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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