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  1. Article ; Online: RNAi suppressor: The hidden weapon of SARS-CoV.

    Karjee, Sumona / Mukherjee, Sunil Kumar

    Journal of biosciences

    2020  Volume 45

    Abstract: The two biological evidences to endorse the antiviral activity of RNA interference (RNAi) are biogenesis of viral-siRNA (v-siRNA) by the host and encoding of RNAi-suppressor protein by viral genome. It has been recently established that mammals and ... ...

    Abstract The two biological evidences to endorse the antiviral activity of RNA interference (RNAi) are biogenesis of viral-siRNA (v-siRNA) by the host and encoding of RNAi-suppressor protein by viral genome. It has been recently established that mammals and mammalian cell lines mount antiviral RNAi to defend themselves against the invading viruses. The large part of viral pathogenicity is also due to the RNAi suppressor proteins. In this context it is only natural to ask what kinds of RNAi suppressors are encoded by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the central character of the present pandemic. The following mini review addresses this question.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Betacoronavirus/genetics ; COVID-19 ; Cell Line ; Chlorocebus aethiops ; Coronavirus Infections/pathology ; Host-Pathogen Interactions/physiology ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate/immunology ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/pathology ; RNA Interference/physiology ; RNA, Small Interfering/genetics ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Vero Cells ; Viral Proteins/genetics
    Chemical Substances ORF7a protein, SARS-CoV-2 ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Viral Proteins
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-25
    Publishing country India
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 756157-x
    ISSN 0973-7138 ; 0250-5991
    ISSN (online) 0973-7138
    ISSN 0250-5991
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: RNAi suppressor: The hidden weapon of SARS-CoV

    Karjee, Sumona / Mukherjee, Sunil Kumar

    Journal of biosciences. 2020 Dec., v. 45, no. 1

    2020  

    Abstract: The two biological evidences to endorse the antiviral activity of RNA interference (RNAi) are biogenesis of viral-siRNA (v-siRNA) by the host and encoding of RNAi-suppressor protein by viral genome. It has been recently established that mammals and ... ...

    Abstract The two biological evidences to endorse the antiviral activity of RNA interference (RNAi) are biogenesis of viral-siRNA (v-siRNA) by the host and encoding of RNAi-suppressor protein by viral genome. It has been recently established that mammals and mammalian cell lines mount antiviral RNAi to defend themselves against the invading viruses. The large part of viral pathogenicity is also due to the RNAi suppressor proteins. In this context it is only natural to ask what kinds of RNAi suppressors are encoded by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the central character of the present pandemic. The following mini review addresses this question.
    Keywords RNA interference ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus ; antiviral properties ; biogenesis ; cell lines ; genome ; mammals ; pandemic ; pathogenicity ; proteins ; viruses
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-12
    Size p. 99.
    Publishing place Springer India
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-light ; Review
    ZDB-ID 756157-x
    ISSN 0973-7138 ; 0250-5991
    ISSN (online) 0973-7138
    ISSN 0250-5991
    DOI 10.1007/s12038-020-00071-0
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  3. Article: RNAi suppressor: The hidden weapon of SARS-CoV

    Karjee, Sumona / Mukherjee, Sunil Kumar

    J. Biosci.

    Abstract: The two biological evidences to endorse the antiviral activity of RNA interference (RNAi) are biogenesis of viral-siRNA (v-siRNA) by the host and encoding of RNAi-suppressor protein by viral genome. It has been recently established that mammals and ... ...

    Abstract The two biological evidences to endorse the antiviral activity of RNA interference (RNAi) are biogenesis of viral-siRNA (v-siRNA) by the host and encoding of RNAi-suppressor protein by viral genome. It has been recently established that mammals and mammalian cell lines mount antiviral RNAi to defend themselves against the invading viruses. The large part of viral pathogenicity is also due to the RNAi suppressor proteins. In this context it is only natural to ask what kinds of RNAi suppressors are encoded by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the central character of the present pandemic. The following mini review addresses this question.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #649401
    Database COVID19

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  4. Article ; Online: MYMIV-AC2, a geminiviral RNAi suppressor protein, has potential to increase the transgene expression.

    Rahman, Jamilur / Karjee, Sumona / Mukherjee, Sunil Kumar

    Applied biochemistry and biotechnology

    2012  Volume 167, Issue 4, Page(s) 758–775

    Abstract: Gene silencing is one of the limiting factors for transgene expression in plants. But the plant viruses have learnt to suppress gene silencing by encoding the protein(s), called RNA silencing suppressor(s) (RSS). Hence, these proteins could be used to ... ...

    Abstract Gene silencing is one of the limiting factors for transgene expression in plants. But the plant viruses have learnt to suppress gene silencing by encoding the protein(s), called RNA silencing suppressor(s) (RSS). Hence, these proteins could be used to overcome the limitation for transgene expression. The RNAi suppressors, namely HC-Pro and P19, have been shown to enhance the transgene expression but other RSS proteins have not been screened for similar role. Moreover, none of RSSs from the DNA viruses are known for enhancing the expression of transgenes. The Mungbean Yellow Mosaic India Virus (MYMIV) belonging to the genus Begomovirus within the family of Geminiviridae encodes an RSS called the AC2 protein. Here, we used AC2 to elevate the expression of the transgenes. Upon introduction of MYMIV-AC2 in the silenced GFP transgenic tobacco lines, by either genetic hybridisation or transgenesis, the GFP expression was enhanced several fold in F1 and T0 lines. The GFP-siRNA levels were much reduced in F1 and T0 lines compared with those of the initial parental silenced lines. The enhanced GFP expression was also observed at the cellular level. This approach was also successful in enhancing the expression of another transgene, namely topoisomeraseII.
    MeSH term(s) DNA Topoisomerases, Type II/genetics ; Geminiviridae/genetics ; Gene Expression/genetics ; Genetic Engineering/methods ; Green Fluorescent Proteins/deficiency ; Green Fluorescent Proteins/genetics ; Hybridization, Genetic ; Protoplasts/metabolism ; RNA Interference ; Nicotiana/cytology ; Nicotiana/genetics ; Transgenes/genetics ; Viral Proteins/genetics
    Chemical Substances Viral Proteins ; Green Fluorescent Proteins (147336-22-9) ; DNA Topoisomerases, Type II (EC 5.99.1.3)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-05-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 392344-7
    ISSN 1559-0291 ; 0273-2289
    ISSN (online) 1559-0291
    ISSN 0273-2289
    DOI 10.1007/s12010-012-9702-z
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Unfolding of in planta activity of anti-rep ribozyme in presence of a RNA silencing suppressor.

    Mishra, Sumona Karjee / Chilakamarthi, Ushasri / Deb, J K / Mukherjee, Sunil Kumar

    FEBS letters

    2014  Volume 588, Issue 10, Page(s) 1967–1972

    Abstract: Antisense RNA ribozymes have intrinsic endonucleolytic activity to effect cleavage of the target RNA. However, this activity in vivo is often controlled by the dominance of antisense or other double-stranded RNA mechanism. In this work, we demonstrate ... ...

    Abstract Antisense RNA ribozymes have intrinsic endonucleolytic activity to effect cleavage of the target RNA. However, this activity in vivo is often controlled by the dominance of antisense or other double-stranded RNA mechanism. In this work, we demonstrate the in planta activity of a hammerhead ribozyme designed to target rep-mRNA of a phytopathogen Mungbean Yellow Mosaic India virus (MYMIV) as an antiviral agent. We also found RNA-silencing is induced on introduction of catalytically active as well as inactive ribozymes. Using RNA-silencing suppressors (RSS), we demonstrate that the endonucleolytic activity of ribozymes is a true phenomenon, even while a mutated version may demonstrate a similar down-regulation of the target RNA. This helps to ease the confusion over the action mechanism of ribozymes in vivo.
    MeSH term(s) Begomovirus/genetics ; Blotting, Northern ; Endonucleases/genetics ; Endonucleases/metabolism ; Fabaceae/virology ; Plant Diseases/genetics ; Plant Diseases/virology ; Plant Leaves/genetics ; Plant Leaves/virology ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Catalytic/genetics ; RNA, Catalytic/metabolism ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; RNA, Plant/genetics ; RNA, Plant/metabolism ; RNA, Viral/genetics ; RNA, Viral/metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Nicotiana/genetics ; Nicotiana/virology ; Viral Proteins/genetics
    Chemical Substances RNA, Catalytic ; RNA, Messenger ; RNA, Plant ; RNA, Viral ; Viral Proteins ; Endonucleases (EC 3.1.-)
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-04-13
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 212746-5
    ISSN 1873-3468 ; 0014-5793
    ISSN (online) 1873-3468
    ISSN 0014-5793
    DOI 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.04.006
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: MYMIV-AC2, a Geminiviral RNAi Suppressor Protein, Has Potential to Increase the Transgene Expression

    Rahman, Jamilur / Karjee, Sumona / Mukherjee, Sunil Kumar

    Applied biochemistry and biotechnology. 2012 June, v. 167, no. 4

    2012  

    Abstract: Gene silencing is one of the limiting factors for transgene expression in plants. But the plant viruses have learnt to suppress gene silencing by encoding the protein(s), called RNA silencing suppressor(s) (RSS). Hence, these proteins could be used to ... ...

    Abstract Gene silencing is one of the limiting factors for transgene expression in plants. But the plant viruses have learnt to suppress gene silencing by encoding the protein(s), called RNA silencing suppressor(s) (RSS). Hence, these proteins could be used to overcome the limitation for transgene expression. The RNAi suppressors, namely HC-Pro and P19, have been shown to enhance the transgene expression but other RSS proteins have not been screened for similar role. Moreover, none of RSSs from the DNA viruses are known for enhancing the expression of transgenes. The Mungbean Yellow Mosaic India Virus (MYMIV) belonging to the genus Begomovirus within the family of Geminiviridae encodes an RSS called the AC2 protein. Here, we used AC2 to elevate the expression of the transgenes. Upon introduction of MYMIV-AC2 in the silenced GFP transgenic tobacco lines, by either genetic hybridisation or transgenesis, the GFP expression was enhanced several fold in F1 and T0 lines. The GFP-siRNA levels were much reduced in F1 and T0 lines compared with those of the initial parental silenced lines. The enhanced GFP expression was also observed at the cellular level. This approach was also successful in enhancing the expression of another transgene, namely topoisomeraseII.
    Keywords Begomovirus ; RNA interference ; gene expression ; hybridization ; mung beans ; plant viruses ; proteins ; screening ; tobacco ; transgenes ; India
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2012-06
    Size p. 758-775.
    Publishing place Springer-Verlag
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 392344-7
    ISSN 0273-2289
    ISSN 0273-2289
    DOI 10.1007/s12010-012-9702-z
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  7. Article: Screening and identification of virus-encoded RNA silencing suppressors.

    Karjee, Sumona / Islam, Mohammad Nurul / Mukherjee, Sunil K

    Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)

    2008  Volume 442, Page(s) 187–203

    Abstract: RNA silencing, including RNA interference, is a novel method of gene regulation and one of the potent host-defense mechanisms against the viruses. In the course of evolution, the viruses have encoded proteins with the potential to suppress the host RNA ... ...

    Abstract RNA silencing, including RNA interference, is a novel method of gene regulation and one of the potent host-defense mechanisms against the viruses. In the course of evolution, the viruses have encoded proteins with the potential to suppress the host RNA silencing mechanism as a counterdefense strategy. The virus-encoded RNA silencing suppressors (RSSs) can serve as important biological tools to dissect the detailed RNA silencing pathways and also to evolve the antiviral strategies. Screening and identification of the RSSs are indeed of utmost significance in the field of plant biotechnology. We describe two Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) reporter-based plant assay systems that rely on two different principles, namely reversal of silencing and enhancement of rolling circle replication (RCR) of geminiviral replicon. These proof-of-concept examples and assay systems could be used to screen various plant, animal, and insect viral ORFs for identification of the RSS activities.
    MeSH term(s) Geminiviridae/genetics ; Geminiviridae/metabolism ; Gene Silencing ; Genes, Reporter ; Genetic Vectors/genetics ; Genetic Vectors/metabolism ; Green Fluorescent Proteins/genetics ; Green Fluorescent Proteins/metabolism ; Open Reading Frames ; Plants, Genetically Modified/genetics ; Plants, Genetically Modified/metabolism ; RNA Interference ; Transgenes
    Chemical Substances Green Fluorescent Proteins (147336-22-9)
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-03-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1064-3745
    ISSN 1064-3745
    DOI 10.1007/978-1-59745-191-8_14
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Unfolding of in planta activity of anti-rep ribozyme in presence of a RNA silencing suppressor

    Mishra, Sumona Karjee / Chilakamarthi, Ushasri / Deb, J.K / Mukherjee, Sunil Kumar

    Federation of European Biochemical Societies FEBS letters. 2014 May 21, v. 588, no. 10

    2014  

    Abstract: Antisense RNA ribozymes have intrinsic endonucleolytic activity to effect cleavage of the target RNA. However, this activity in vivo is often controlled by the dominance of antisense or other double-stranded RNA mechanism. In this work, we demonstrate ... ...

    Abstract Antisense RNA ribozymes have intrinsic endonucleolytic activity to effect cleavage of the target RNA. However, this activity in vivo is often controlled by the dominance of antisense or other double-stranded RNA mechanism. In this work, we demonstrate the in planta activity of a hammerhead ribozyme designed to target rep-mRNA of a phytopathogen Mungbean Yellow Mosaic India virus (MYMIV) as an antiviral agent. We also found RNA-silencing is induced on introduction of catalytically active as well as inactive ribozymes. Using RNA-silencing suppressors (RSS), we demonstrate that the endonucleolytic activity of ribozymes is a true phenomenon, even while a mutated version may demonstrate a similar down-regulation of the target RNA. This helps to ease the confusion over the action mechanism of ribozymes in vivo.
    Keywords Mungbean yellow mosaic India virus ; RNA interference ; antisense RNA ; antiviral agents ; double-stranded RNA ; mechanism of action ; plant pathogens ; covid19
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2014-0521
    Size p. 1967-1972.
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 212746-5
    ISSN 1873-3468 ; 0014-5793
    ISSN (online) 1873-3468
    ISSN 0014-5793
    DOI 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.04.006
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  9. Article ; Online: Mungbean yellow mosaic Indian virus encoded AC2 protein suppresses RNA silencing by inhibiting Arabidopsis RDR6 and AGO1 activities.

    Kumar, Vikash / Mishra, Sumona Karjee / Rahman, Jamilur / Taneja, Jyoti / Sundaresan, Geethaa / Mishra, Neeti Sanan / Mukherjee, Sunil K

    Virology

    2015  Volume 486, Page(s) 158–172

    Abstract: RNA silencing refers to a conserved RNA-directed gene regulatory mechanism in a wide range of eukaryotes. It plays an important role in many processes including growth, development, genome stability, and antiviral defense in the plants. Geminivirus ... ...

    Abstract RNA silencing refers to a conserved RNA-directed gene regulatory mechanism in a wide range of eukaryotes. It plays an important role in many processes including growth, development, genome stability, and antiviral defense in the plants. Geminivirus encoded AC2 is identified as an RNA silencing suppressor protein, however, the mechanism of action has not been characterized. In this paper, we elucidate another mechanism of AC2-mediated suppression activity of Mungbean Yellow Mosaic India Virus (MYMIV). The AC2 protein, unlike many other suppressors, does not bind to siRNA or dsRNA species and its suppression activity is mediated through interaction with key components of the RNA silencing pathway, viz., RDR6 and AGO1. AC2 interaction inhibits the RDR6 activity, an essential component of siRNA and tasi-RNA biogenesis and AGO1, the major slicing factor of RISC. Thus the study identifies dual sites of MYMIV-AC2 interference and probably accounts for its strong RNA silencing suppression activity.
    MeSH term(s) Arabidopsis/genetics ; Arabidopsis/metabolism ; Arabidopsis/virology ; Arabidopsis Proteins/genetics ; Arabidopsis Proteins/metabolism ; Argonaute Proteins/genetics ; Argonaute Proteins/metabolism ; Begomovirus/genetics ; Begomovirus/metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics ; DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Down-Regulation ; Gene Silencing ; Host-Pathogen Interactions ; Plant Diseases/genetics ; Plant Diseases/virology ; RNA Replicase/genetics ; RNA Replicase/metabolism ; Viral Proteins/genetics ; Viral Proteins/metabolism
    Chemical Substances AC2 protein, geminivirus ; AGO1 protein, Arabidopsis ; Arabidopsis Proteins ; Argonaute Proteins ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; Viral Proteins ; RDR6 protein, Arabidopsis (EC 2.7.7.48) ; RNA Replicase (EC 2.7.7.48)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 200425-2
    ISSN 1096-0341 ; 0042-6822
    ISSN (online) 1096-0341
    ISSN 0042-6822
    DOI 10.1016/j.virol.2015.08.015
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: s8ORF2 protein of infectious salmon anaemia virus is a RNA-silencing suppressor and interacts with Salmon salar Mov10 (SsMov10) of the host RNAi machinery.

    Thukral, Vandana / Varshney, Bhavna / Ramly, Rimatulhana B / Ponia, Sanket S / Mishra, Sumona Karjee / Olsen, Christel M / Banerjea, Akhil C / Mukherjee, Sunil K / Zaidi, Rana / Rimstad, Espen / Lal, Sunil K

    Virus genes

    2017  Volume 54, Issue 2, Page(s) 199–214

    Abstract: The infectious salmon anaemia virus (ISAV) is a piscine virus, a member of Orthomyxoviridae family. It encodes at least 10 proteins from eight negative-strand RNA segments. Since ISAV belongs to the same virus family as Influenza A virus, with ... ...

    Abstract The infectious salmon anaemia virus (ISAV) is a piscine virus, a member of Orthomyxoviridae family. It encodes at least 10 proteins from eight negative-strand RNA segments. Since ISAV belongs to the same virus family as Influenza A virus, with similarities in protein functions, they may hence be characterised by analogy. Like NS1 protein of Influenza A virus, s8ORF2 of ISAV is implicated in interferon antagonism and RNA-binding functions. In this study, we investigated the role of s8ORF2 in RNAi suppression in a well-established Agrobacterium transient suppression assay in stably silenced transgenic Nicotiana xanthi. In addition, s8ORF2 was identified as a novel interactor with SsMov10, a key molecule responsible for RISC assembly and maturation in the RNAi pathway. This study thus sheds light on a novel route undertaken by viral proteins in promoting viral growth, using the host RNAi machinery.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Fish Proteins/metabolism ; Host-Pathogen Interactions ; Immune Evasion ; Isavirus/immunology ; Isavirus/physiology ; Protein Binding ; RNA Interference ; RNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Salmon ; Viral Nonstructural Proteins/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Fish Proteins ; RNA-Binding Proteins ; Viral Nonstructural Proteins
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-12-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 639496-6
    ISSN 1572-994X ; 0920-8569
    ISSN (online) 1572-994X
    ISSN 0920-8569
    DOI 10.1007/s11262-017-1526-z
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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