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  1. Article ; Online: Rab protein evolution and the history of the eukaryotic endomembrane system.

    Brighouse, Andrew / Dacks, Joel B / Field, Mark C

    Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS

    2010  Volume 67, Issue 20, Page(s) 3449–3465

    Abstract: Spectacular increases in the quantity of sequence data genome have facilitated major advances in eukaryotic comparative genomics. By exploiting homology with classical model organisms, this makes possible predictions of pathways and cellular functions ... ...

    Abstract Spectacular increases in the quantity of sequence data genome have facilitated major advances in eukaryotic comparative genomics. By exploiting homology with classical model organisms, this makes possible predictions of pathways and cellular functions currently impossible to address in intractable organisms. Echoing realization that core metabolic processes were established very early following evolution of life on earth, it is now emerging that many eukaryotic cellular features, including the endomembrane system, are ancient and organized around near-universal principles. Rab proteins are key mediators of vesicle transport and specificity, and via the presence of multiple paralogues, alterations in interaction specificity and modification of pathways, contribute greatly to the evolution of complexity of membrane transport. Understanding system-level contributions of Rab proteins to evolutionary history provides insight into the multiple processes sculpting cellular transport pathways and the exciting challenges that we face in delving further into the origins of membrane trafficking specificity.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cell Compartmentation ; Eukaryota/enzymology ; Evolution, Molecular ; Humans ; Intracellular Membranes/metabolism ; Models, Biological ; rab GTP-Binding Proteins/chemistry ; rab GTP-Binding Proteins/genetics ; rab GTP-Binding Proteins/metabolism
    Chemical Substances rab GTP-Binding Proteins (EC 3.6.5.2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-06-26
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1358415-7
    ISSN 1420-9071 ; 1420-682X
    ISSN (online) 1420-9071
    ISSN 1420-682X
    DOI 10.1007/s00018-010-0436-1
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  2. Article: Rab protein evolution and the history of the eukaryotic endomembrane system

    Brighouse, Andrew / Dacks, Joel B / Field, Mark C

    Cellular and molecular life sciences CMLS. 2010 Oct., v. 67, no. 20

    2010  

    Abstract: Spectacular increases in the quantity of sequence data genome have facilitated major advances in eukaryotic comparative genomics. By exploiting homology with classical model organisms, this makes possible predictions of pathways and cellular functions ... ...

    Abstract Spectacular increases in the quantity of sequence data genome have facilitated major advances in eukaryotic comparative genomics. By exploiting homology with classical model organisms, this makes possible predictions of pathways and cellular functions currently impossible to address in intractable organisms. Echoing realization that core metabolic processes were established very early following evolution of life on earth, it is now emerging that many eukaryotic cellular features, including the endomembrane system, are ancient and organized around near-universal principles. Rab proteins are key mediators of vesicle transport and specificity, and via the presence of multiple paralogues, alterations in interaction specificity and modification of pathways, contribute greatly to the evolution of complexity of membrane transport. Understanding system-level contributions of Rab proteins to evolutionary history provides insight into the multiple processes sculpting cellular transport pathways and the exciting challenges that we face in delving further into the origins of membrane trafficking specificity.
    Keywords evolution
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2010-10
    Size p. 3449-3465.
    Publisher SP Birkhäuser Verlag Basel
    Publishing place Basel
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1358415-7
    ISSN 1420-9071 ; 1420-682X
    ISSN (online) 1420-9071
    ISSN 1420-682X
    DOI 10.1007/s00018-010-0436-1
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  3. Article ; Online: Academics and competing interests in H1N1 influenza media reporting.

    Mandeville, Kate L / O'Neill, Sam / Brighouse, Andrew / Walker, Alice / Yarrow, Kielan / Chan, Kenneth

    Journal of epidemiology and community health

    2013  Volume 68, Issue 3, Page(s) 197–203

    Abstract: Background: Concerns have been raised over competing interests (CoI) among academics during the 2009 to 2010 A/H1N1 pandemic. Media reporting can influence public anxiety and demand for pharmaceutical products. We assessed CoI of academics providing ... ...

    Abstract Background: Concerns have been raised over competing interests (CoI) among academics during the 2009 to 2010 A/H1N1 pandemic. Media reporting can influence public anxiety and demand for pharmaceutical products. We assessed CoI of academics providing media commentary during the early stages of the pandemic.
    Methods: We performed a retrospective content analysis of UK newspaper articles on A/H1N1 influenza, examining quoted sources. We noted when academics made a risk assessment of the pandemic and compared this with official estimations. We also looked for promotion or rejection of the use of neuraminidase inhibitors or H1N1-specific vaccine. We independently searched for CoI for each academic.
    Results: Academics were the second most frequently quoted source after Ministers of Health. Where both academics and official agencies estimated the risk of H1N1, one in two academics assessed the risk as higher than official predictions. For academics with CoI, the odds of a higher risk assessment were 5.8 times greater than those made by academics without CoI (Wald p value=0.009). One in two academics commenting on the use of neuraminidase inhibitors or vaccine had CoI. The odds of CoI in academics promoting the use of neuraminidase inhibitors were 8.4 times greater than for academics not commenting on their use (Fisher's exact p=0.005).
    Conclusions: There is evidence of CoI among academics providing media commentary during the early H1N1 pandemic. Heightened risk assessments, combined with advocacy for pharmaceutical products to counter this risk, may lead to increased public anxiety and demand. Academics should declare, and journalists report, relevant CoI for media interviews.
    MeSH term(s) Academies and Institutes/ethics ; Advisory Committees ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; Conflict of Interest/economics ; Drug Industry/economics ; Drug Industry/ethics ; Enzyme Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Financial Support/ethics ; Health Services Needs and Demand ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/immunology ; Influenza Vaccines/immunology ; Influenza, Human/drug therapy ; Influenza, Human/psychology ; Neuraminidase/therapeutic use ; Newspapers as Topic/classification ; Newspapers as Topic/ethics ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Propaganda ; Public Policy ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Assessment ; United Kingdom
    Chemical Substances Antiviral Agents ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; Influenza Vaccines ; Neuraminidase (EC 3.2.1.18)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-11-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 391868-3
    ISSN 1470-2738 ; 0142-467X ; 0141-7681 ; 0143-005X
    ISSN (online) 1470-2738
    ISSN 0142-467X ; 0141-7681 ; 0143-005X
    DOI 10.1136/jech-2013-203128
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 186: Show issues Location:
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  4. Article ; Online: Sculpting the endomembrane system in deep time: high resolution phylogenetics of Rab GTPases.

    Elias, Marek / Brighouse, Andrew / Gabernet-Castello, Carme / Field, Mark C / Dacks, Joel B

    Journal of cell science

    2012  Volume 125, Issue Pt 10, Page(s) 2500–2508

    Abstract: The presence of a nucleus and other membrane-bounded intracellular compartments is the defining feature of eukaryotic cells. Endosymbiosis accounts for the origins of mitochondria and plastids, but the evolutionary ancestry of the remaining cellular ... ...

    Abstract The presence of a nucleus and other membrane-bounded intracellular compartments is the defining feature of eukaryotic cells. Endosymbiosis accounts for the origins of mitochondria and plastids, but the evolutionary ancestry of the remaining cellular compartments is incompletely documented. Resolving the evolutionary history of organelle-identity encoding proteins within the endomembrane system is a necessity for unravelling the origins and diversification of the endogenously derived organelles. Comparative genomics reveals events after the last eukaryotic common ancestor (LECA), but resolution of events prior to LECA, and a full account of the intracellular compartments present in LECA, has proved elusive. We have devised and exploited a new phylogenetic strategy to reconstruct the history of the Rab GTPases, a key family of endomembrane-specificity proteins. Strikingly, we infer a remarkably sophisticated organellar composition for LECA, which we predict possessed as many as 23 Rab GTPases. This repertoire is significantly greater than that present in many modern organisms and unexpectedly indicates a major role for secondary loss in the evolutionary diversification of the endomembrane system. We have identified two Rab paralogues of unknown function but wide distribution, and thus presumably ancient nature; RabTitan and RTW. Furthermore, we show that many Rab paralogues emerged relatively suddenly during early metazoan evolution, which is in stark contrast to the lack of significant Rab family expansions at the onset of most other major eukaryotic groups. Finally, we reconstruct higher-order ancestral clades of Rabs primarily linked with endocytic and exocytic process, suggesting the presence of primordial Rabs associated with the establishment of those pathways and giving the deepest glimpse to date into pre-LECA history of the endomembrane system.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Classification/methods ; Eukaryotic Cells/classification ; Eukaryotic Cells/enzymology ; Evolution, Molecular ; Humans ; Intracellular Membranes/enzymology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; rab GTP-Binding Proteins/genetics ; rab GTP-Binding Proteins/metabolism
    Chemical Substances rab GTP-Binding Proteins (EC 3.6.5.2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-02-24
    Publishing country England
    Document type Evaluation Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2993-2
    ISSN 1477-9137 ; 0021-9533
    ISSN (online) 1477-9137
    ISSN 0021-9533
    DOI 10.1242/jcs.101378
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  5. Article ; Online: Performance monitoring in cardiac surgery: application of statistical process control to a single-site database.

    Smith, Ian R / Gardner, Michael A / Garlick, Bruce / Brighouse, Russell D / Cameron, James / Lavercombe, Peter S / Mengersen, Kerrie / Foster, Kelley A / Rivers, John T

    Heart, lung & circulation

    2013  Volume 22, Issue 8, Page(s) 634–641

    Abstract: ... cardiac surgical procedures, performed at St Andrew's War Memorial Hospital (SAWMH) between the 1st January 2003 and the 30th ...

    Abstract Background: Graphical Statistical Process Control (SPC) tools have been shown to promptly identify significant variations in clinical outcomes in a range of health care settings. We explored the application of these techniques to quantitatively inform the routine cardiac surgical (CAS) morbidity and mortality (M&M) review processes at a single site.
    Methods: Baseline clinical and procedural data relating to 5265 consecutive cardiac surgical procedures, performed at St Andrew's War Memorial Hospital (SAWMH) between the 1st January 2003 and the 30th April 2012, were retrospectively evaluated. A range of appropriate clinical outcome indicators (COIs) were developed and evaluated using a combination of Cumulative Sum charts, Exponentially Weighted Moving Average charts and Funnel Plots. Charts were updated regularly and discussed at the cardiac surgery unit's bi-monthly M&M meetings. Risk adjustment (RA) for the COIs was developed and validated for incorporation into the charts to improve monitoring performance.
    Results: Discrete and aggregated measures, including blood product/reoperation, major acute post-procedural complications, cardiopulmonary bypass duration and Length of Stay/Readmission < 28 days have proved to be valuable measures for monitoring outcomes. Instances of variation in performance identified using the charts were examined thoroughly and could be related to changes in clinical practice (e.g. antifibrinolytic use) as well as differences in individual operator performance (in some instances, driven by case mix).
    Conclusions: SPC tools can promptly detect meaningful changes in clinical outcome thereby allowing early intervention to address altered performance. Careful interpretation of charts for group and individual operators has proven helpful in detecting and differentiating systemic versus individual variation.
    MeSH term(s) Cardiac Surgical Procedures ; Databases, Factual ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Models, Biological ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; Retrospective Studies
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-08
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2020980-0
    ISSN 1444-2892 ; 1443-9506
    ISSN (online) 1444-2892
    ISSN 1443-9506
    DOI 10.1016/j.hlc.2013.01.011
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    Zs.A 4988: Show issues Location:
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  6. Book ; Online: Paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS)

    White, Marie / Tiesman, Bianca / Handforth, Jennifer / Kenny, Julia / the Evelina PIMS TS working group, / Handforth, Jenny / Watterson, Claire / Meesters, Kevin / Fogarty, Mary-Jo / Broad, Jonathan / Martinez-Alier, Nuria / Demirjian, Alicia / Tebruegge, Marc / Alonso, Alejandro / Shah, Tish / Finemore, Anna / Blackburn, Fran / Parish, Emma / Cheung, Ronny /
    Trecchi, Nadia / Jackman, John / Butler, Mark / Ramachandran, Rohana / Roueche, Alice / Macaulay, Chloe / Lemer, Claire / Montgomery, Felicity / Sobande, Debbie / Kamal, Ajanta / Shivamurthy, Vinay / Wilkinson, Nick / Brighouse, James / Arenas, Sara / Christiansen, Nanna / Wan, Mandy / Miller, Owen / Mathur, Sujeev / Wong, James / Theocharis, Paraskevi / Stewart, Kirsty / Kabir, Saleha / Peacock, Kelly / Pushparajah, Kuberan / Savis, Alex / Regan, Will / Pascall, Emma / Cleary, Aoife / Uy, Mirasol / Heard, Hannah / Carter, Michael / Tibby, Shane / Lillie, Jon / Riphagen, Shelley / MacDougall, Marilyn / Ben Griffths, Xabi Gomez / Waters, Gareth / Minen, Federico / Nyman, Andrew / Goulden, Miriam Fine / Sa, Mario / Lim, Ming / Bryne, Susan / Cadwgan, Jill / Lim, JP / Singh, Rahul / Tang, Shan / Lumsden, Dan / Senior, Sam / McMurtrie, Sarah / Foster, Emily / Norridge, Matthew / Emberson, Stephanie / Marr, Stacey / Felton, Victoria / Reid, Chris / Adalat, Shazia / Balasubramanian, Ramnath / Jones, Helen / Alamelu, Jay / Insua, Baba

    the Evelina Experience

    2020  

    Keywords Editorial ; covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-01 00:00:00.0
    Publisher BMJ Publishing Group Ltd
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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