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Article ; Online: Comparison of Unemployment-Related Health Insurance Coverage Changes in Medicaid Expansion vs Nonexpansion States During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Benitez, Joseph

JAMA health forum

2022 Volume 3, Issue 6, Page(s) e221632

Abstract: Importance: The COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with increased unemployment rates and long periods when individuals were without health insurance. Little is known about how Medicaid expansion facilitates Medicaid enrollment as a buffer to coverage ...

Abstract	Importance: The COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with increased unemployment rates and long periods when individuals were without health insurance. Little is known about how Medicaid expansion facilitates Medicaid enrollment as a buffer to coverage loss owing to unemployment. Objective: To compare changes in health insurance coverage status associated with pandemic-related unemployment among previously employed adults in states that have vs have not expanded Medicaid eligibility. Design setting and participants: This cohort study included US adults aged 27 to 64 years who were employed at baseline in the 2020 to 2021 Current Population Survey's Annual Social and Economic Supplement, which included calendar years 2019 to 2020 (32 462 person-years). Data analyses were conducted between November 2021 and April 2022. Exposures: Job loss (ie, new unemployment) experienced during 2020. Main outcomes and measures: Primary outcomes were coverage status (ie, uninsured status) and source of coverage (ie, employer sponsored, marketplace, and Medicaid). Using 2-way person-by-year fixed-effects regression models, changes in coverage status associated with unemployment in states that expanded Medicaid were compared with states that did not expand Medicaid. Additional analyses were performed based on prepandemic coverage status. Results: The cohort included 16 231 adults (mean age, 46.8 [95% CI, 46.6-47.0] years; 51.6% women). New unemployment was associated with an increase of 2.9 (95% CI, 1.1-4.6) percentage points ( Conclusions and relevance: In this cohort study of US adults, unemployment-related Medicaid enrollment was more frequent in Medicaid expansion states during the COVID-19 pandemic. Medicaid expansion led to a smaller increase in uninsured adults because those who lost private insurance coverage (eg, employer sponsored) appeared more able to transition to Medicaid after job loss.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Insurance Coverage ; Male ; Medicaid ; Middle Aged ; Pandemics ; Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act ; Unemployment ; United States/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	2689-0186
ISSN (online)	2689-0186
DOI	10.1001/jamahealthforum.2022.1632
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Article ; Online: Joint effects of Medicaid eligibility and fees on recession-linked declines in healthcare access and health status.

Benitez, Joseph / Callison, Kevin / Adams, E Kathleen

Health economics

2024

Abstract: Whether Medicaid can function as a safety net to offset health risks created by health insurance coverage losses due to job loss is conditional on (1) the eligibility guidelines shaping the pathway for households to access the program for temporary ... ...

Abstract	Whether Medicaid can function as a safety net to offset health risks created by health insurance coverage losses due to job loss is conditional on (1) the eligibility guidelines shaping the pathway for households to access the program for temporary relief, and (2) Medicaid reimbursement policies affecting the value of the program for both the newly and previously enrolled. We find states with more expansive eligibility guidelines lowered the healthcare access and health risk of coverage loss associated with rising unemployment during the 2007-2009 Great Recession. Rises in cost-related barriers to care associated with unemployment were smallest in states with expansive eligibility guidelines and higher Medicaid-to-Medicare fee ratios. Similarly, states whose Medicaid programs had expansive eligibility guidelines and higher fees saw the smallest recession-linked declines in self-reported good health. Medicaid can work to stabilize access to health care during periods of joblessness. Our findings yield important insights into the alignment of at least two Medicaid policies (i.e., eligibility and payment) shaping Medicaid's viability as a safety net.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1135838-5
ISSN	1099-1050 ; 1057-9230
ISSN (online)	1099-1050
ISSN	1057-9230
DOI	10.1002/hec.4823
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Article ; Online: Post-Bariatric Panniculectomy: Postoperative Complications by Weight Loss Surgery Type.

Fahmy, Joseph N / Kong, Lingxuan / Benítez, Trista M / Sanders, Hayley M / Wang, Lu / Chung, Kevin C

Plastic and reconstructive surgery

2024

Abstract: Background: Over 250,000 patients undergo bariatric surgery each year in the United States. Approximately 21% will undergo subsequent body contouring after massive weight loss. Patients with prior bariatric surgery are at a greater risk for ... ...

Abstract	Background: Over 250,000 patients undergo bariatric surgery each year in the United States. Approximately 21% will undergo subsequent body contouring after massive weight loss. Patients with prior bariatric surgery are at a greater risk for complications relative to the general population. However, it is unknown if bariatric surgery type is associated with differential complication risk after panniculectomy. Methods: A retrospective chart review of post-bariatric who underwent abdominal panniculectomy at a single large quaternary care center was performed. Postoperative complications were graded according to the Clavien-Dindo classification. Descriptive statistics, multivariable logistic regression, and power calculations were performed. Results: In total, 216 patients were included. Restrictive bariatric surgery accounted for 48.6% while 51.3% had a history of malabsorptive bariatric surgery. The overall rate of complications was 34.3% (restrictive: 36.2%; malabsorptive: 32.8%, p=0.66). Wound complications were observed in 25.5% (n=55) of patients. Systemic complications occurred in 11.1% of patients overall, with statistically similar rates between restrictive and malabsorptive groups. After adjusting for both patient and operative factors, no significant difference in total complications (OR=1.15, 95% CI: 0.47 to 2.85, p=0.76), systemic complications (OR=0.26, 95% CI: 0.05 to 1.28, p=0.10), or wound complications (OR=2.31, 95% CI: 0.83 to 6.41, p=0.11) was observed. Conclusions: Complications following panniculectomy in bariatric surgery patients is high and predominantly related to wound healing. No significant difference between type of bariatric surgery and complication risk was found.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	208012-6
ISSN	1529-4242 ; 0032-1052 ; 0096-8501
ISSN (online)	1529-4242
ISSN	0032-1052 ; 0096-8501
DOI	10.1097/PRS.0000000000011365
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Article ; Online: COVID-19-related Medicaid enrollment in Medicaid expansion and non-expansion states.

Benitez, Joseph A / Dubay, Lisa

Health services research

2022 Volume 57, Issue 6, Page(s) 1321–1331

Abstract: Research objective: To explore whether expanded Medicaid helps mitigate the relationship between unemployment due to COVID and being uninsured. Unanticipated unemployment spells are generally associated with disruptions in health insurance coverage, ... ...

Abstract	Research objective: To explore whether expanded Medicaid helps mitigate the relationship between unemployment due to COVID and being uninsured. Unanticipated unemployment spells are generally associated with disruptions in health insurance coverage, which could also be the case for job losses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Expanded access to Medicaid may insulate some households from long uninsurance gaps due to job loss. Data source: Phase 1 of the Census Bureau's Experimental Household Pulse Survey covering April 23, 2020-July 21, 2020. Study design: We compare differences in health insurance coverage source and status linked to recent lob losses attributable to the COVID-19 pandemic in states that expanded Medicaid against states that did not expand Medicaid. Data collection/extraction methods: Our analytical dataset was limited to 733,181 non-elderly adults aged 20-64. Principal findings: Twenty-six percent of our study sample experienced an income loss between March 13, 2020, and the time leading up to the survey-16% experienced job losses (e.g., layoff, furlough) due to the COVID-19 crisis, and 11% had other reasons they were not working. COVID-linked job losses were associated with a 20 (p < 0.01) percentage-point (PPT) lower likelihood of having employer-sponsored health insurance (ESI). Relative to persons in states that did not expand Medicaid, persons in Medicaid expansion states experiencing COVID-linked job losses were 9 PPT (p < 0.01) more likely to report having Medicaid and 7 PPT (p < 0.01) less likely to be uninsured. The largest increases in Medicaid enrollment were among people who, based on their 2019 incomes, would not have qualified for Medicaid previously. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that expanded Medicaid eligibility may allow households to stabilize health care needs and they should become detached from private health coverage due to job loss during the pandemic. Households negatively affected by the pandemic are using Medicaid to insure themselves against the potential health risks they would incur while being unemployed.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; United States ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Medicaid ; Insurance Coverage ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Pandemics ; Medically Uninsured ; Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act ; Insurance, Health ; Health Services Accessibility
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	410435-3
ISSN	1475-6773 ; 0017-9124
ISSN (online)	1475-6773
ISSN	0017-9124
DOI	10.1111/1475-6773.14029
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Article ; Online: Did Medicaid Reimbursements Shape the Effects of Medicaid Expansion on Access to Health Care Among the Low-Income Population?

Benitez, Joseph / Freed, Salama S / Huang, Huang / Oladele, Tolulope

Journal of general internal medicine

2024

Abstract: Background: Whether variation in Medicaid reimbursement fees influenced the impacts of the Medicaid expansions is not well understood.: Objective: We examine whether changes in health care access associated with Medicaid expansion are different in ... ...

Abstract	Background: Whether variation in Medicaid reimbursement fees influenced the impacts of the Medicaid expansions is not well understood. Objective: We examine whether changes in health care access associated with Medicaid expansion are different in states with comparatively high Medicaid reimbursement rates compared against expanding in states with lower Medicaid reimbursement rates. Design: Using a difference-in-difference-in-difference (DDD or triple-difference) regression approach, we compare relative differences in Medicaid expansion effects between lower and higher reimbursement states. Participants: 512,744 low-income adults aged 20-64 in the 2011-2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Main measures: Health insurance coverage status, unmet medical needs due to cost, regular source for health care, and a regular/scheduled checkup within the past year. Key results: Medicaid expansion has significant and positive impacts on health coverage and access in both high- and low-fee states. In states with fee levels above the median Medicare-to-Medicaid ratios, expanding Medicaid eligibility reduced uninsurance rate by 15.2 percentage point (ppt, p < 0.01), shrank the cost-associated unmet medical need by 10.3 ppt (p < 0.01), improved access to usual source of care by 1.9 ppt (p < 0.1), and increased regular checkup by 14.4 ppt (p < 0.01), while such effects in low-fee states were 11.7 ppt (p < 0.01), 8.3 ppt (p < 0.01), 3.1 ppt (p < 0.1), and 12.3 ppt (p < 0.01), respectively. Our results suggest that Medicaid expansion effect on unmet medical need due to cost in higher-reimbursing states was 2.98 ppt (p < 0.05) larger than in lower-reimbursing states. Evidence suggests modest increases in health care access were more strongly associated with expansions in higher-fee states. Conclusions: Medicaid's fee structure should be considered as a factor influencing large-scale coverage expansions.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	639008-0
ISSN	1525-1497 ; 0884-8734
ISSN (online)	1525-1497
ISSN	0884-8734
DOI	10.1007/s11606-023-08558-w
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Article ; Online: The Relationship Between Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic-linked Job Losses and Health Care Access and Household Financial Health in Medicaid Expansion and Nonexpansion States.

Benitez, Joseph A / Huang, Huang / Johnson, Portia L

Medical care

2023 Volume 61, Issue 12, Page(s) 872–881

Abstract: Background: Unemployment associated with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was linked to financial insecurity and disruptions in access to health care.: Objective: To explore whether expanded access to Medicaid mitigated the likelihood ...

Abstract	Background: Unemployment associated with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was linked to financial insecurity and disruptions in access to health care. Objective: To explore whether expanded access to Medicaid mitigated the likelihood of health and non-health financial hardship associated with pandemic-linked job loss. Design: We estimate linear regression models comparing differences in the levels of outcomes attributable to pandemic-linked joblessness in Medicaid expansion and nonexpansion states. Observations: A total of 20,281 adults aged 19-64 were in the 2021 National Financial Capability Study. Measures: Our key exposure was job loss, layoffs, and furloughs, attributable to the COVID-19 pandemic. Outcomes under evaluation include indicators of health care access and household financial health. Results: Relative to persons reporting pandemic-linked unemployment in nonexpansion states, adults experiencing pandemic-linked job loss in expansion states were less likely to report as uninsured [-6.2 percentage points (PPs); 95% CI: -10.8, -1.6; P < 0.01], having unpaid medical bills (-4.3 PP; 95% CI: -8, -0.6; P < 0.05), having unmet medical needs due to cost (-5.3 PP; 95% CI: -10.1, -0.5; P < 0.05), and having calls from debt collection agencies (-6.9 PP; 95% CI: -10.6, -3.1; P < 0.01). Patterns consistent with Medicaid acting as a safety net for the adverse financial effects of job loss were more pronounced for middle-income households. Conclusions: In economic downturns, such as the COVID-19 crisis, Medicaid can help insulate households from diminished health care access and financial distress associated with job loss.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; United States/epidemiology ; Humans ; Medicaid ; Pandemics ; Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Health Services Accessibility
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	411646-x
ISSN	1537-1948 ; 0025-7079
ISSN (online)	1537-1948
ISSN	0025-7079
DOI	10.1097/MLR.0000000000001933
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Article ; Online: A systematic literature review on the global epidemiology of Dravet syndrome and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome: Prevalence, incidence, diagnosis, and mortality.

Sullivan, Joseph / Benítez, Arturo / Roth, Jeannine / Andrews, J Scott / Shah, Drishti / Butcher, Emma / Jones, Aimee / Cross, J Helen

Epilepsia

2024

Abstract: Dravet syndrome (DS) and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) are rare developmental and epileptic encephalopathies associated with seizure and nonseizure symptoms. A comprehensive understanding of how many individuals are affected globally, the diagnostic ... ...

Abstract	Dravet syndrome (DS) and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) are rare developmental and epileptic encephalopathies associated with seizure and nonseizure symptoms. A comprehensive understanding of how many individuals are affected globally, the diagnostic journey they face, and the extent of mortality associated with these conditions is lacking. Here, we summarize and evaluate published data on the epidemiology of DS and LGS in terms of prevalence, incidence, diagnosis, genetic mutations, and mortality and sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) rates. The full study protocol is registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022316930). After screening 2172 deduplicated records, 91 unique records were included; 67 provided data on DS only, 17 provided data on LGS only, and seven provided data on both. Case definitions varied considerably across studies, particularly for LGS. Incidence and prevalence estimates per 100 000 individuals were generally higher for LGS than for DS (LGS: incidence proportion = 14.5-28, prevalence = 5.8-60.8; DS: incidence proportion = 2.2-6.5, prevalence = 1.2-6.5). Diagnostic delay was frequently reported for LGS, with a wider age range at diagnosis reported than for DS (DS, 1.6-9.2 years; LGS, 2-15 years). Genetic screening data were reported by 63 studies; all screened for SCN1A variants, and only one study specifically focused on individuals with LGS. Individuals with DS had a higher mortality estimate per 1000 person-years than individuals with LGS (DS, 15.84; LGS, 6.12) and a lower median age at death. SUDEP was the most frequently reported cause of death for individuals with DS. Only four studies reported mortality information for LGS, none of which included SUDEP. This systematic review highlights the paucity of epidemiological data available for DS and especially LGS, demonstrating the need for further research and adoption of standardized diagnostic criteria.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	216382-2
ISSN	1528-1167 ; 0013-9580
ISSN (online)	1528-1167
ISSN	0013-9580
DOI	10.1111/epi.17866
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Article ; Online: A comprehensive systematic literature review of the burden of illness of Lennox-Gastaut syndrome on patients, caregivers, and society.

Cross, J Helen / Benítez, Arturo / Roth, Jeannine / Andrews, J Scott / Shah, Drishti / Butcher, Emma / Jones, Aimee / Sullivan, Joseph

Epilepsia

2024

Abstract: Fully elucidating the burden that Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) places on individuals with the disease and their caregivers is critical to improving outcomes and quality of life (QoL). This systematic literature review evaluated the global burden of ... ...

Abstract	Fully elucidating the burden that Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) places on individuals with the disease and their caregivers is critical to improving outcomes and quality of life (QoL). This systematic literature review evaluated the global burden of illness of LGS, including clinical symptom burden, care requirements, QoL, comorbidities, caregiver burden, economic burden, and treatment burden (PROSPERO ID: CRD42022317413). MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched for articles that met predetermined criteria. After screening 1442 deduplicated articles and supplementary manual searches, 113 articles were included for review. A high clinical symptom burden of LGS was identified, with high seizure frequency and nonseizure symptoms (including developmental delay and intellectual disability) leading to low QoL and substantial care requirements for individuals with LGS, with the latter including daily function assistance for mobility, eating, and toileting. Multiple comorbidities were identified, with intellectual disorders having the highest prevalence. Although based on few studies, a high caregiver burden was also identified, which was associated with physical problems (including fatigue and sleep disturbances), social isolation, poor mental health, and financial difficulties. Most economic analyses focused on the high direct costs of LGS, which arose predominantly from medically treated seizure events, inpatient costs, and medication requirements. Pharmacoresistance was common, and many individuals required polytherapy and treatment changes over time. Few studies focused on the humanistic burden. Quality concerns were noted for sample representativeness, disease and outcome measures, and reporting clarity. In summary, a high burden of LGS on individuals, caregivers, and health care systems was identified, which may be alleviated by reducing the clinical symptom burden. These findings highlight the need for a greater understanding of and better definitions for the broad spectrum of LGS symptoms and development of treatments to alleviate nonseizure symptoms.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	216382-2
ISSN	1528-1167 ; 0013-9580
ISSN (online)	1528-1167
ISSN	0013-9580
DOI	10.1111/epi.17932
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Article ; Online: Medicare Eligibility and Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Operative Fixation for Distal Radius Fracture.

Benítez, Trista M / Ouyang, Zhongzhe / Khouri, Alexander N / Fahmy, Joseph N / Wang, Lu / Chung, Kevin C

JAMA network open

2023 Volume 6, Issue 12, Page(s) e2349621

Abstract: Importance: Medicare provides near-universal health insurance to US residents aged 65 years or older. How eligibility for Medicare coverage affects racial and ethnic disparities in operative management after orthopedic trauma is poorly understood.: ... ...

Abstract	Importance: Medicare provides near-universal health insurance to US residents aged 65 years or older. How eligibility for Medicare coverage affects racial and ethnic disparities in operative management after orthopedic trauma is poorly understood. Objective: To assess the association of Medicare eligibility with racial and ethnic disparities in open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) after distal radius fracture (DRF). Design, setting, and participants: This retrospective cohort study with a regression discontinuity design obtained data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project all-payer statewide databases for Florida, Maryland, and New York. These databases contain encounter-level data and unique patient identifiers for longitudinal follow-up across emergency departments, outpatient surgical centers, and hospitals. The cohort included patients aged 57 to 72 years who sustained DRFs between January 1, 2016, and November 30, 2019. Data analysis was performed between March 1 and October 15, 2023. Exposure: Eligibility for Medicare coverage at age 65 years. Main outcomes and measures: Type of management for DRF (closed treatment, external fixation, percutaneous pinning, and ORIF). Time to surgery was ascertained in patients undergoing ORIF. Multivariable logistic regression and regression discontinuity design were used to compare racial and ethnic disparities in patients who underwent ORIF before or after age 65 years. Results: A total of 26 874 patients with DRF were included (mean [SD] age, 64.6 [4.6] years; 22 359 were females [83.2%]). Of these patients, 2805 were Hispanic or Latino (10.4%; hereafter, Hispanic), 1492 were non-Hispanic Black (5.6%; hereafter, Black), and 20 548 were non-Hispanic White (76.5%; hereafter, White) and 2029 (7.6%) were individuals of other races and ethnicities (including Asian or Pacific Islander, Native American, and other races). Overall, 32.6% of patients received ORIF but significantly lower use was observed in Black (20.2% vs 35.4%; P < .001) and Hispanic (25.8% vs 35.4%; P < .001) patients compared with White individuals. After adjusting for potential confounders, multivariable logistic regression analysis confirmed the disparity in ORIF use in Black (odds ratio [OR], 0.60; 95% CI, 0.50-0.72) and Hispanic patients (OR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.72-0.94) compared with White patients. No significant difference in ORIF use was found among racial and ethnic groups at age 65 years. The expected disparity in ORIF use between White and Black patients at age 65 years without Medicare coverage was 12.6 percentage points; however, the actual disparity was 22.0 percentage points, 9.4 percentage points (95% CI, 0.3-18.4 percentage points) greater than expected, a 75% increase (P = .04). In the absence of Medicare coverage, the expected disparity in ORIF use between White and Hispanic patients was 8.3 percentage points, and this result persisted without significant change in the presence of Medicare coverage. Conclusions and relevance: Results of this study showed that surgical management for DRF was popular in adults aged 57 to 72 years, but there was lower ORIF use in racial or ethnic minority patients. Medicare eligibility at age 65 years did not attenuate race and ethnicity-based disparities in surgical management of DRFs.
MeSH term(s)	United States ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Aged ; Middle Aged ; Male ; Ethnicity ; Wrist Fractures ; Retrospective Studies ; Medicare ; Minority Groups
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2574-3805
ISSN (online)	2574-3805
DOI	10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.49621
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Article ; Online: Balancing Data Provision and Data Protection: A Natural Experiment With HIV and Syphilis Surveillance Data in the United States.

Delcher, Chris / Wang, Yanning / Gusovsky, Amanda V / Benitez, Joseph

Sexually transmitted diseases

2023 Volume 50, Issue 8, Page(s) 485–489

Abstract: Background: Public release of health data typically requires statistical disclosure limitation (SDL), but scant research demonstrates how real-world SDL affects data usability. Recent changes of federal data re-release policy allow a pseudo- ... ...

Abstract	Background: Public release of health data typically requires statistical disclosure limitation (SDL), but scant research demonstrates how real-world SDL affects data usability. Recent changes of federal data re-release policy allow a pseudo-counterfactual comparison of HIV and syphilis data suppression rules. Methods: Incident counts (2019) of HIV and syphilis infections by county for Black and White populations were downloaded from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. We quantified and compared suppression status by disease and county between Black and White populations and calculated incident rate ratios for counties with statistically reliable counts. Results: Approximately 50% of US counties have incident HIV counts suppressed for Black and White populations compared with only 5% for syphilis, which has an alternative suppression strategy. The county population sizes protected by a numerator disclosure rule (<4) spans several orders of magnitude. Calculations of incident rate ratios, used as a measure of health disparity, were impossible in the 220 counties most susceptible to an HIV outbreak. Conclusions: Balancing tradeoffs between providing and protecting data are key to health initiatives worldwide. We encourage an increase in empirical research on the impact of SDL, especially in the context of health disparities, and recommend new approaches to avoid the "oppression of data suppression."
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Computer Security ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; HIV Infections/prevention & control ; Syphilis/epidemiology ; Syphilis/prevention & control ; United States/epidemiology ; White ; Black or African American ; Disclosure/legislation & jurisprudence
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	435191-5
ISSN	1537-4521 ; 0148-5717
ISSN (online)	1537-4521
ISSN	0148-5717
DOI	10.1097/OLQ.0000000000001828
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