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  1. Article ; Online: PROF. DR. ALBRECHT M. KELLERER 1935-2022.

    Niwa, Ohtsura

    Radiation research

    2022  Volume 199, Issue 1, Page(s) 112–113

    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80322-4
    ISSN 1938-5404 ; 0033-7587
    ISSN (online) 1938-5404
    ISSN 0033-7587
    DOI 10.1667/RADE-22-00AMK.1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: At the 75th anniversary of the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the Radiation Effects Research Foundation continues studies of the atomic bomb survivors and their children.

    Samet, Jonathan M / Niwa, Ohtsura

    Carcinogenesis

    2020  Volume 41, Issue 11, Page(s) 1471–1472

    MeSH term(s) Abnormalities, Radiation-Induced/etiology ; Abnormalities, Radiation-Induced/pathology ; Anniversaries and Special Events ; Atomic Bomb Survivors/statistics & numerical data ; Child ; Humans ; Japan ; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/etiology ; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/pathology ; Nuclear Warfare
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-16
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 603134-1
    ISSN 1460-2180 ; 0143-3334
    ISSN (online) 1460-2180
    ISSN 0143-3334
    DOI 10.1093/carcin/bgaa104
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: The LNT risk model and radiological protection.

    Wakeford, Richard / Balonov, Mikhail / Boice, John D / Harrison, John D / Niwa, Ohtsura / Preston, R Julian / Shore, Roy E

    Journal of radiological protection : official journal of the Society for Radiological Protection

    2023  Volume 43, Issue 4

    MeSH term(s) Radiation Dosage ; Risk Assessment
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Editorial ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 639411-5
    ISSN 1361-6498 ; 0952-4746
    ISSN (online) 1361-6498
    ISSN 0952-4746
    DOI 10.1088/1361-6498/acfe85
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Summary of the Bill Morgan Memorial Symposium Part 2: low dose epidemiology.

    Salomaa, Sisko / Niwa, Ohtsura / Brooks, Antone L

    International journal of radiation biology

    2017  Volume 93, Issue 10, Page(s) 1118–1120

    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 3065-x
    ISSN 1362-3095 ; 0020-7616 ; 0955-3002
    ISSN (online) 1362-3095
    ISSN 0020-7616 ; 0955-3002
    DOI 10.1080/09553002.2017.1319091
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Roles of stem cells in tissue turnover and radiation carcinogenesis.

    Niwa, Ohtsura

    Radiation research

    2010  Volume 174, Issue 6, Page(s) 833–839

    Abstract: Radiation research has its foundation on the target and hit theories, which assume that the initial stochastic deposition of energy on a sensitive target in a cell determines the final biological outcome. This assumption is rather static in nature but ... ...

    Abstract Radiation research has its foundation on the target and hit theories, which assume that the initial stochastic deposition of energy on a sensitive target in a cell determines the final biological outcome. This assumption is rather static in nature but forms the foundation of the linear no-threshold (LNT) model of radiation carcinogenesis. The stochastic treatment of radiation carcinogenesis by the LNT model enables easy calculation of radiation risk, and this has made the LNT model an indispensable tool for radiation protection. However, the LNT model sometimes fails to explain some of the biological and epidemiological data, and this suggests the need for insight into the mechanisms of radiation carcinogenesis. Recent studies have identified unique characteristics of the tissue stem cells and their roles in tissue turnover. In the present report, some important issues of radiation protection such as the risk of low-dose-rate exposures and in utero exposures are discussed in light of the recent advances of stem cell biology.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Age Factors ; Animals ; Fetus/radiation effects ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/etiology ; Radiation Dosage ; Risk ; Stem Cells/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 80322-4
    ISSN 1938-5404 ; 0033-7587
    ISSN (online) 1938-5404
    ISSN 0033-7587
    DOI 10.1667/RR1970.1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: RERF: the monument and the crisis.

    Niwa, Ohtsura

    Radiation research

    2004  Volume 162, Issue 1, Page(s) 105

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Japan ; Nuclear Warfare
    Language English
    Publishing date 2004-08-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 80322-4
    ISSN 1938-5404 ; 0033-7587
    ISSN (online) 1938-5404
    ISSN 0033-7587
    DOI 10.1667/rr3218
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Radiation induced dynamic mutations and transgenerational effects.

    Niwa, Ohtsura

    Journal of radiation research

    2006  Volume 47 Suppl B, Page(s) B25–30

    Abstract: Many studies have confirmed that radiation can induce genomic instability in whole body systems. Although the molecular mechanisms underlying induced genomic instability are not known at present, this interesting phenomenon could be the manifestation of ... ...

    Abstract Many studies have confirmed that radiation can induce genomic instability in whole body systems. Although the molecular mechanisms underlying induced genomic instability are not known at present, this interesting phenomenon could be the manifestation of a cellular fail-safe system in which fidelity of repair and replication is down-regulated to tolerate DNA damage. Two features of genomic instability namely, delayed mutation and untargeted mutation, require two mechanisms of ;damage memory' and ;damage sensing, signal transduction and execution' to induce mutations at a non damaged-site. In this report, the phenomenon of transgenerational genomic instability and possible mechanisms are discussed using mouse data collected in our laboratory as the main bases.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; DNA Damage ; DNA Repair ; Female ; Genomic Instability ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Minisatellite Repeats ; Models, Genetic ; Mutagenesis ; Mutation ; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/genetics ; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/metabolism ; Pregnancy ; Radiation Injuries, Experimental/genetics ; Radiation Injuries, Experimental/metabolism ; S Phase/genetics ; Sister Chromatid Exchange/genetics ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
    Language English
    Publishing date 2006
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 603983-2
    ISSN 1349-9157 ; 0449-3060
    ISSN (online) 1349-9157
    ISSN 0449-3060
    DOI 10.1269/jrr.47.b25
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.B 388: Show issues Location:
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  8. Article: Indirect mechanisms of genomic instability and the biological significance of mutations at tandem repeat loci.

    Niwa, Ohtsura

    Mutation research

    2006  Volume 598, Issue 1-2, Page(s) 61–72

    Abstract: Radiation induction of genomic instability has two features: induction of untargeted mutation and delayed mutation. These phenomena have been studied mostly in tissue culture cells, but analyses have also been conducted in whole body systems. The study ... ...

    Abstract Radiation induction of genomic instability has two features: induction of untargeted mutation and delayed mutation. These phenomena have been studied mostly in tissue culture cells, but analyses have also been conducted in whole body systems. The study of response in whole body systems frequently applies repeat sequences as markers to detect mutations. These studies have generated conflicting findings. In addition, lack of knowledge of the mechanisms involved in repeat mutation confounds the interpretation of the biological significance of increased rates of repeat mutation. In this review, some of the existing controversies of genomic instability are discussed in relation to the mechanism of repeat mutation. Analyses of published and unpublished studies indicate a mechanistic similarity between radiation-induced genomic instability at repeat loci and dynamic mutations of triplet repeats. Because of their repetitive nature, repeat sequences frequently block progression of replication forks and are consequently resolved by slippage and/or recombination. Irradiation of cells induces S checkpoints and promotes slippage/recombination mediated repeat mutations. Thus, genomic instability at repeat loci might be viewed as a consequence of cellular attempts to restore the stability of replication in the face of the stalled replication fork; this process can occur both spontaneously as well as after exposure to radiation.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Chromosome Aberrations ; DNA Damage ; DNA Replication ; Genes, p53 ; Genomic Instability ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mutation ; Spermatogenesis ; Tandem Repeat Sequences/genetics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2006-06-25
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 206607-5
    ISSN 1873-135X ; 0027-5107 ; 1383-5718 ; 0165-1110 ; 0165-1161 ; 0165-7992 ; 0921-8777 ; 0165-1218 ; 1383-5726 ; 0167-8817 ; 0921-8734 ; 1383-5742
    ISSN (online) 1873-135X
    ISSN 0027-5107 ; 1383-5718 ; 0165-1110 ; 0165-1161 ; 0165-7992 ; 0921-8777 ; 0165-1218 ; 1383-5726 ; 0167-8817 ; 0921-8734 ; 1383-5742
    DOI 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2006.01.015
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.A 1316: Show issues Location:
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  9. Article: Induced genomic instability in irradiated germ cells and in the offspring; reconciling discrepancies among the human and animal studies.

    Niwa, Ohtsura

    Oncogene

    2003  Volume 22, Issue 45, Page(s) 7078–7086

    Abstract: Many studies confirmed that radiation induces genomic instability in whole-body systems. However, the results of the studies are not always consistent with each other. Attempts are made in the present review to resolve the discrepancies. Many of the ... ...

    Abstract Many studies confirmed that radiation induces genomic instability in whole-body systems. However, the results of the studies are not always consistent with each other. Attempts are made in the present review to resolve the discrepancies. Many of the studies in human and experimental animals utilize the length change mutation of minisatellite sequences as a marker of genomic instability. Minisatellite sequences frequently change their length, and the data obtained by conventional Southern blotting give rather qualitative information, which is sometimes difficult to scrutinize quantitatively. This is the problem inevitably associated with the study of minisatellite mutations and the source of some conflicts among studies in humans and mice. Radiation induction of genomic instability has also been assessed in whole-body experimental systems, using other markers such as the mouse pink-eyed unstable allele and the specific pigmentation loci of medaka fish (Oryzias latipes). Even though there are some contradictions, all these studies have demonstrated that genomic instability is induced in the germ cells of irradiated parents, especially of males, and in offspring born to them. Among these, transmission of genomic instability to the second generation of irradiated parents is limited to the mouse minisatellite system, and awaits further clarification in other experimental systems.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Carrier Proteins ; DNA Damage ; Drosophila/radiation effects ; Genomic Instability/radiation effects ; Humans ; Male ; Membrane Proteins/genetics ; Membrane Transport Proteins ; Mice ; Minisatellite Repeats/genetics ; Mutation ; Oryzias/genetics ; Oryzias/metabolism ; Spermatogenesis/radiation effects ; Spermatozoa/radiation effects
    Chemical Substances Carrier Proteins ; Membrane Proteins ; Membrane Transport Proteins ; OCA2 protein, human ; P protein, mouse (148710-77-4)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2003-10-13
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 639046-8
    ISSN 1476-5594 ; 0950-9232
    ISSN (online) 1476-5594
    ISSN 0950-9232
    DOI 10.1038/sj.onc.1207037
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: International expert symposium in Fukushima: radiation and health risks.

    Clement, Christopher / Niwa, Ohtsura / Van Deventer, Emilie

    Journal of radiological protection : official journal of the Society for Radiological Protection

    2012  Volume 32, Issue 1, Page(s) E9–E10

    MeSH term(s) Disasters ; Earthquakes ; Humans ; Radiation Injuries/prevention & control ; Radiation Monitoring/methods ; Radiation Protection/methods ; Radioactive Hazard Release ; Tsunamis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Comment ; Editorial
    ZDB-ID 639411-5
    ISSN 1361-6498 ; 0952-4746
    ISSN (online) 1361-6498
    ISSN 0952-4746
    DOI 10.1088/0952-4746/32/1/E05
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