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  1. Article ; Online: A systematic study of the contribution of counting statistics to the final lineal energy uncertainty in microdosimetry.

    Parisi, Gabriele / Schettino, Giuseppe / Romano, Francesco

    Physics in medicine and biology

    2022  Volume 67, Issue 15

    Abstract: Objectives. ...

    Abstract Objectives.
    MeSH term(s) Ions ; Monte Carlo Method ; Protons ; Radiometry/methods ; Uncertainty
    Chemical Substances Ions ; Protons
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-14
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208857-5
    ISSN 1361-6560 ; 0031-9155
    ISSN (online) 1361-6560
    ISSN 0031-9155
    DOI 10.1088/1361-6560/ac79fb
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  2. Article ; Online: Enhanced effect of X-rays in the presence of a static magnetic field within a 3D pancreatic cancer model.

    Wishart, Gabrielle / Gupta, Priyanka / Nisbet, Andrew / Velliou, Eirini / Schettino, Giuseppe

    The British journal of radiology

    2023  Volume 96, Issue 1143, Page(s) 20220832

    Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the impact of static magnetic field (SMF) presence on the radiation response of pancreatic cancer cells in polyurethane-based highly macro-porous scaffolds in hypoxic (1% O: Methods: Pancreatic cancer cells (PANC-1, ASPC-1) ... ...

    Abstract Objective: To evaluate the impact of static magnetic field (SMF) presence on the radiation response of pancreatic cancer cells in polyurethane-based highly macro-porous scaffolds in hypoxic (1% O
    Methods: Pancreatic cancer cells (PANC-1, ASPC-1) were seeded into fibronectin-coated highly porous polyethene scaffolds for biomimicry and cultured for 4 weeks in
    Results: We report: (i) pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma hypoxia-associated radioprotection, in line with our previous findings, (ii) an enhanced effect of radiation in the presence of SMFin
    Conclusion: With limited understanding of the potential interaction phenomenon between SMF and radiation, this 3D system allows combination evaluation for a cancer in which the role of radiotherapy is still evolving.
    Advances in knowledge: This study examined the use of a 3D model to investigate MR-guided radiotherapy in a hypoxic microenvironment, indicating that this could be a useful platform to further understanding of SMF influence on radiation.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; X-Rays ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/radiotherapy ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology ; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal ; Hypoxia ; Magnetic Fields ; Tumor Microenvironment
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-14
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2982-8
    ISSN 1748-880X ; 0007-1285
    ISSN (online) 1748-880X
    ISSN 0007-1285
    DOI 10.1259/bjr.20220832
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  3. Article ; Online: Mind the Gap: A Questionnaire on the Distance between Diagnostic Advances and Clinical Practice in Skin Cancer Treatment.

    Diluiso, Giuseppe / Pozzi, Mirco / Liso, Flavio Giulio / Mendes, Vanessa Marron / Hannouille, Jenna / Losco, Luigi / Bolletta, Alberto / Cigna, Emanuele / Schettino, Michela

    Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)

    2024  Volume 60, Issue 1

    Abstract: Background and ... ...

    Abstract Background and Objectives
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Skin ; Administration, Cutaneous ; Skin Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Skin Neoplasms/therapy ; Europe ; Surveys and Questionnaires
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-15
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2188113-3
    ISSN 1648-9144 ; 1010-660X
    ISSN (online) 1648-9144
    ISSN 1010-660X
    DOI 10.3390/medicina60010155
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  4. Article: Corrigendum: Evaluating the Propagation of Uncertainties in Biologically Based Treatment Planning Parameters.

    Barry, Miriam A / Hussein, Mohammad / Schettino, Giuseppe

    Frontiers in oncology

    2021  Volume 10, Page(s) 603976

    Abstract: This corrects the article .]. ...

    Abstract [This corrects the article .].
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-27
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Published Erratum
    ZDB-ID 2649216-7
    ISSN 2234-943X
    ISSN 2234-943X
    DOI 10.3389/fonc.2020.603976
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  5. Article: Characterization of Inorganic Scintillator Detectors for Dosimetry in Image-Guided Small Animal Radiotherapy Platforms.

    Silvestre Patallo, Ileana / Subiel, Anna / Carter, Rebecca / Flynn, Samuel / Schettino, Giuseppe / Nisbet, Andrew

    Cancers

    2023  Volume 15, Issue 3

    Abstract: The purpose of the study was to characterize a detection system based on inorganic scintillators and determine its suitability for dosimetry in preclinical radiation research. Dose rate, linearity, and repeatability of the response (among others) were ... ...

    Abstract The purpose of the study was to characterize a detection system based on inorganic scintillators and determine its suitability for dosimetry in preclinical radiation research. Dose rate, linearity, and repeatability of the response (among others) were assessed for medium-energy X-ray beam qualities. The response's variation with temperature and beam angle incidence was also evaluated. Absorbed dose quality-dependent calibration coefficients, based on a cross-calibration against air kerma secondary standard ionization chambers, were determined. Relative output factors (ROF) for small, collimated fields (≤10 mm × 10 mm) were measured and compared with Gafchromic film and to a CMOS imaging sensor. Independently of the beam quality, the scintillator signal repeatability was adequate and linear with dose. Compared with EBT3 films and CMOS, ROF was within 5% (except for smaller circular fields). We demonstrated that when the detector is cross-calibrated in the user's beam, it is a useful tool for dosimetry in medium-energy X-rays with small fields delivered by Image-Guided Small Animal Radiotherapy Platforms. It supports the development of procedures for independent "live" dose verification of complex preclinical radiotherapy plans with the possibility to insert the detectors in phantoms.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-03
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2527080-1
    ISSN 2072-6694
    ISSN 2072-6694
    DOI 10.3390/cancers15030987
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  6. Article ; Online: 3d tissue models as tools for radiotherapy screening for pancreatic cancer.

    Wishart, Gabrielle / Gupta, Priyanka / Schettino, Giuseppe / Nisbet, Andrew / Velliou, Eirini

    The British journal of radiology

    2021  Volume 94, Issue 1120, Page(s) 20201397

    Abstract: The efficiency of radiotherapy treatment regimes varies from tumour to tumour and from patient to patient but it is generally highly influenced by the tumour microenvironment (TME). The TME can be described as a heterogeneous composition of biological, ... ...

    Abstract The efficiency of radiotherapy treatment regimes varies from tumour to tumour and from patient to patient but it is generally highly influenced by the tumour microenvironment (TME). The TME can be described as a heterogeneous composition of biological, biophysical, biomechanical and biochemical milieus that influence the tumour survival and its' response to treatment. Preclinical research faces challenges in the replication of these
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Models, Biological ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/radiotherapy ; Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted/methods
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2982-8
    ISSN 1748-880X ; 0007-1285
    ISSN (online) 1748-880X
    ISSN 0007-1285
    DOI 10.1259/bjr.20201397
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  7. Article: Novel Anticancer and Treatment Sensitizing Compounds against Pancreatic Cancer.

    Wishart, Gabrielle / Gupta, Priyanka / Nisbet, Andrew / Velliou, Eirini / Schettino, Giuseppe

    Cancers

    2021  Volume 13, Issue 12

    Abstract: The isolation of chemical compounds from natural origins for medical application has played an important role in modern medicine with a range of novel treatments having emerged from various natural forms over the past decades. Natural compounds have been ...

    Abstract The isolation of chemical compounds from natural origins for medical application has played an important role in modern medicine with a range of novel treatments having emerged from various natural forms over the past decades. Natural compounds have been exploited for their antioxidant, antimicrobial and antitumor capabilities. Specifically, 60% of today's anticancer drugs originate from natural sources. Moreover, the combination of synthetic and natural treatments has shown applications for (i) reduced side effects, (ii) treatment sensitization and (iii) reduction in treatment resistance. This review aims to collate novel and natural compounds that are being explored for their preclinical anticancer, chemosensitizing and radiosensitizing effects on Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC), which is a lethal disease with current treatments being inefficient and causing serve side effects. Two key points are highlighted by this work: (i) the availability of a range of natural compounds for potentially new therapeutic approaches for PDAC, (ii) potential synergetic impact of natural compounds with advanced chemo- and radio-therapeutic modalities for PDAC.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-11
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2527080-1
    ISSN 2072-6694
    ISSN 2072-6694
    DOI 10.3390/cancers13122940
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  8. Article: On the Evaluation of a Novel Hypoxic 3D Pancreatic Cancer Model as a Tool for Radiotherapy Treatment Screening.

    Wishart, Gabrielle / Gupta, Priyanka / Nisbet, Andrew / Schettino, Giuseppe / Velliou, Eirini

    Cancers

    2021  Volume 13, Issue 23

    Abstract: Tissue engineering is evolving to mimic intricate ecosystems of tumour microenvironments (TME) to more readily map realistic in vivo niches of cancerous tissues. Such advanced cancer tissue models enable more accurate preclinical assessment of treatment ... ...

    Abstract Tissue engineering is evolving to mimic intricate ecosystems of tumour microenvironments (TME) to more readily map realistic in vivo niches of cancerous tissues. Such advanced cancer tissue models enable more accurate preclinical assessment of treatment strategies. Pancreatic cancer is a dangerous disease with high treatment resistance that is directly associated with a highly complex TME. More specifically, the pancreatic cancer TME includes (i) complex structure and complex extracellular matrix (ECM) protein composition; (ii) diverse cell populations (e.g., stellate cells), cancer associated fibroblasts, endothelial cells, which interact with the cancer cells and promote resistance to treatment and metastasis; (iii) accumulation of high amounts of (ECM), which leads to the creation of a fibrotic/desmoplastic reaction around the tumour; and (iv) heterogeneous environmental gradients such as hypoxia, which result from vessel collapse and stiffness increase in the fibrotic/desmoplastic area of the TME. These unique hallmarks are not effectively recapitulated in traditional preclinical research despite radiotherapeutic resistance being largely connected to them. Herein, we investigate, for the first time, the impact of in vitro hypoxia (5% O
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-02
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2527080-1
    ISSN 2072-6694
    ISSN 2072-6694
    DOI 10.3390/cancers13236080
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  9. Article: Evaluating the Propagation of Uncertainties in Biologically Based Treatment Planning Parameters.

    Barry, Miriam A / Hussein, Mohammad / Schettino, Giuseppe

    Frontiers in oncology

    2020  Volume 10, Page(s) 1058

    Abstract: Biologically based treatment planning is a broad term used to cover any instance in radiotherapy treatment planning where some form of biological input has been used. This is wide ranging, and the simpler forms (e.g., fractionation modification/ ... ...

    Abstract Biologically based treatment planning is a broad term used to cover any instance in radiotherapy treatment planning where some form of biological input has been used. This is wide ranging, and the simpler forms (e.g., fractionation modification/optimization) have been in use for many years. However, there is a reluctance to use more sophisticated methods that incorporate biological models either for plan evaluation purposes or for driving plan optimizations. This is due to limited data available regarding the uncertainties in these model parameters and what impact these have clinically. This work aims to address some of these issues and to explore the role that uncertainties in individual model parameters have on the overall tissue control probability (TCP)/normal tissue control probability (NTCP) calculated, those parameters that have the largest influence and situations where extra care must be taken. In order to achieve this, a software tool was developed, which can import individual clinical DVH's for analysis using a range of different TCP/NTCP models. On inputting individual model parameters, an uncertainty can be applied. Using a normally distributed random number generator, distributions of parameters can be generated, from which TCP/NTCP values can be calculated for each parameter set for the DVH in question. These represent the spread in TCP/NTCP parameters that would be observed for a simulated population of patients all being treated with that particular dose distribution. A selection of clinical DVHs was assessed using published parameters and their associated uncertainties. A range of studies was carried out to determine the impact of individual parameter uncertainties including reduction of uncertainties and assessment of what impact fractionation and dose have on these probabilities.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-21
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2649216-7
    ISSN 2234-943X
    ISSN 2234-943X
    DOI 10.3389/fonc.2020.01058
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: UK adaptive radiotherapy practices for head and neck cancer patients.

    Lee, Victor Shing-Cheung / SchettIno, Giuseppe / Nisbet, Andrew

    BJR open

    2020  Volume 2, Issue 1, Page(s) 20200051

    Abstract: Objective: To provide evidence on the extent and manner in which adaptive practices have been employed in the UK and identify the main barriers for the clinical implementation of adaptive radiotherapy (ART) in head and neck (HN) cancer cases.: Methods! ...

    Abstract Objective: To provide evidence on the extent and manner in which adaptive practices have been employed in the UK and identify the main barriers for the clinical implementation of adaptive radiotherapy (ART) in head and neck (HN) cancer cases.
    Methods: In December 2019, a Supplementary Material 1, of 23 questions, was sent to all UK radiotherapy centres (67). This covered general information to current ART practices and perceived barriers to implementation.
    Results: 31 centres responded (46%). 56% responding centres employed ART for between 10 and 20 patients/annum. 96% of respondents were using CBCT either alone or with other modalities for assessing "weight loss" and "shell gap," which were the main reasons for ART. Adaptation usually occurs at week three or four during the radiotherapy treatment. 25 responding centres used an online image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) approach and 20 used an offline
    Conclusion: There is no consensus in adaptive practice for HN cancer patients across the UK. For those centres not employing ART, similar clinical implementation barriers were identified.
    Advances in knowledge: An insight into contemporary UK practices of ART for HN cancer patients indicating national guidance for ART implementation for HN cancer patients may be required.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-12-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2513-9878
    ISSN (online) 2513-9878
    DOI 10.1259/bjro.20200051
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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