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Article ; Online: Small, Dynamic Clusters of Tir-Intimin Seed Actin Polymerization.

Oh, Dongmyung / Liu, Xuyao / Sheetz, Michael P / Kenney, Linda J

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)

2023 Volume 19, Issue 52, Page(s) e2302580

Abstract: The understanding of actin pedestal formation by enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) relies mainly on static ensemble information obtained from cell lysates. Here, the dynamic nature of signaling components on the subsecond timescale, which resemble ...

Abstract	The understanding of actin pedestal formation by enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) relies mainly on static ensemble information obtained from cell lysates. Here, the dynamic nature of signaling components on the subsecond timescale, which resemble phase condensates, is demonstrated. Unlike in vitro phase condensates, transfected intimin receptor (Tir) and downstream component form clusters 200 nm in diameter that are spaced ≈500 nm on average, indicating cellular regulation. On supported lipid bilayers with diffusive intimin, Tir-expressing fibroblasts formed Tir-intimin clusters even without Tir tyrosines, although Tir tyrosine phosphorylation is necessary for actin polymerization from clusters. Single-molecule tracking showed that Tir is diffusive in the clusters and exchanges with Tir in the plasma membrane. Further, Nck and N-WASP bind to the clusters and exchange with cytoplasmic molecules. Tir has a similar cluster lifetime to Nck, but longer than that of N-WASP. Actin polymerization from the clusters requires N-WASP binding, involved Arp2/3 activation, and stabilized N-WASP clusters. These dynamic properties are distinct from larger in vitro systems and do not depend significantly upon crosslinking. Thus, Tir-intimin clusters in the plasma membrane are limited in size by exchange and enhance signaling needed for actin polymerization that enables strong and stable bacterial attachment to host cells.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Actins/metabolism ; Escherichia coli Proteins/metabolism ; Polymerization ; Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism ; Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism ; Carrier Proteins/metabolism ; HeLa Cells
Chemical Substances	Actins ; Escherichia coli Proteins ; Receptors, Cell Surface ; Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; Carrier Proteins
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-30
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2168935-0
ISSN	1613-6829 ; 1613-6810
ISSN (online)	1613-6829
ISSN	1613-6810
DOI	10.1002/smll.202302580
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Article ; Online: Respiratory culture nudge improves antibiotic prescribing for

Arena, Christen J / Kenney, Rachel M / Kendall, Ronald E / Tibbetts, Robert J / Veve, Michael P

Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE

2023 Volume 3, Issue 1, Page(s) e23

Abstract: We compared optimal antibiotic prescribing before and after implementing an interpretive β-lactamase microbiology comment ... ...

Abstract	We compared optimal antibiotic prescribing before and after implementing an interpretive β-lactamase microbiology comment for
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-02
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2732-494X
ISSN (online)	2732-494X
DOI	10.1017/ash.2023.1
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Article ; Online: Questioning Prophylactic Antibiotic Use for Pyloromyotomy: Analysis of the Pediatric Health Information System Database.

Griffin, Kristine L / Beyene, Tariku J / Kenney, Brian

Journal of pediatric surgery

2023 Volume 58, Issue 6, Page(s) 1123–1127

Abstract: ... to the NICU and have chronic conditions and prematurity (p < 0.01). Antibiotic utilization varied ... to those who did not was 1.10, (0.73, 1.41, 95%, p = 0.93) suggesting there is no effect of antibiotics ...

Abstract	Background: Pyloromyotomy has a low rate of wound complications, yet antibiotic prophylaxis is still given. The Pediatric Health Information System (PHIS) database was queried to determine whether prophylactic antibiotics decreased wound complications. Methods: Records for infants with pyloric stenosis between 2016 and 2021 were extracted from the PHIS database and analyzed for demographics, comorbid conditions, and complications within 30 days of pyloromyotomy. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the effect of antibiotic prophylaxis on complications. Results: Among 14,247 infants who underwent pyloromyotomy, 29.5% had antibiotic prophylaxis. These patients were more likely to have been admitted to the NICU and have chronic conditions and prematurity (p < 0.01). Antibiotic utilization varied among hospitals from 2.3 to 58.5%. Complication rates among those who received antibiotics was 1.64% versus 1.62% for those who did not. The odds for developing complications in those who received prophylaxis compared to those who did not was 1.10, (0.73, 1.41, 95%, p = 0.93) suggesting there is no effect of antibiotics on complication rates. Conclusions: There was a wide variation among hospitals in the usage of prophylactic antibiotics for pyloromyotomy. There was no difference in complication rates whether or not patients received antibiotics. These results suggest antibiotic prophylaxis is unnecessary for pyloromyotomy. Level of evidence: III.
MeSH term(s)	Infant ; Humans ; Child ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Pyloromyotomy/adverse effects ; Health Information Systems ; Pyloric Stenosis, Hypertrophic/surgery ; Pyloric Stenosis, Hypertrophic/etiology ; Antibiotic Prophylaxis
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	80165-3
ISSN	1531-5037 ; 0022-3468
ISSN (online)	1531-5037
ISSN	0022-3468
DOI	10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2023.02.038
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Article ; Online: Uranium surface processes with sandstone and volcanic rocks in acidic and alkaline solutions.

Kenney, Janice P L / Lezama-Pacheco, Juan / Fendorf, Scott / Alessi, Daniel S / Weiss, Dominik J

Journal of colloid and interface science

2023 Volume 645, Page(s) 715–723

Abstract: Understanding the behaviour of uranium waste, for disposal purposes, is crucial due to the correlation between pH values and the disposal of distinct types of waste, with low level waste typically associated with acidic pH values, and higher and ... ...

Abstract	Understanding the behaviour of uranium waste, for disposal purposes, is crucial due to the correlation between pH values and the disposal of distinct types of waste, with low level waste typically associated with acidic pH values, and higher and intermediate level waste commonly related to alkaline pH values. We studied the adsorption of U(VI) on sandstone and volcanic rock surfaces at pH 5.5 and 11.5 in aqueous solutions with and without bicarbonate (2 mM HCO
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	241597-5
ISSN	1095-7103 ; 0021-9797
ISSN (online)	1095-7103
ISSN	0021-9797
DOI	10.1016/j.jcis.2023.04.174
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Article ; Online: Clinical Trials and Climate Change: Doing Our Part While Pursuing Progress.

Rahman, Syed / Ryan, Stephen / Kim, Joseph / Kenney, Patrick / Ghali, Fady

European urology focus

2023 Volume 9, Issue 6, Page(s) 861–862

Abstract: The escalating global climate crisis necessitates a critical examination of the environmental impact of various sectors, including health care. Ongoing efforts to establish standard methods for estimating emissions and tracking progress are needed to ... ...

Abstract	The escalating global climate crisis necessitates a critical examination of the environmental impact of various sectors, including health care. Ongoing efforts to establish standard methods for estimating emissions and tracking progress are needed to promote sustainable clinical research.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Climate Change ; Clinical Trials as Topic
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-01
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2405-4569
ISSN (online)	2405-4569
DOI	10.1016/j.euf.2023.11.011
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Article ; Online: Leveraging stewardship to promote ceftriaxone use in severe infections with low- and no-risk AmpC Enterobacterales.

Hardy, Megan E / Kenney, Rachel M / Tibbetts, Robert J / Shallal, Anita B / Veve, Michael P

Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

2023 Volume 67, Issue 11, Page(s) e0082623

Abstract: AmpC β-lactamases are associated with development of ceftriaxone resistance despite ... ...

Abstract	AmpC β-lactamases are associated with development of ceftriaxone resistance despite initial
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Ceftriaxone/therapeutic use ; Enterobacteriaceae ; Enterobacteriaceae Infections/drug therapy ; Enterobacteriaceae Infections/microbiology ; beta-Lactamases ; Bacterial Proteins ; Gammaproteobacteria ; Serratia marcescens ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Ceftriaxone (75J73V1629) ; beta-Lactamases (EC 3.5.2.6) ; Bacterial Proteins
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	217602-6
ISSN	1098-6596 ; 0066-4804
ISSN (online)	1098-6596
ISSN	0066-4804
DOI	10.1128/aac.00826-23
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Zs.A 809: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Article ; Online: Aminopenicillins vs non-aminopenicillins for treatment of enterococcal lower urinary tract infections.

de Oca, Jamison E Montes / Veve, Michael P / Zervos, Marcus J / Kenney, Rachel M

International journal of antimicrobial agents

2023 Volume 61, Issue 6, Page(s) 106800

Abstract: ... VRE) were identified in 73 (82%) AP patients and 76 (85%) NAP patients (P=0.54); in total, 34 (38.2 ... AP patients and 66 (74.2%) NAP patients had confirmed Enterococcus faecium (P<0.001). Amoxicillin (n ... patients and 53/66 (80.3%) NAP patients (P=0.916). On logistic regression, APs were not associated with 14 ...

Abstract	Aminopenicillins (APs) achieve urinary concentrations that exceed typical minimum inhibitory concentrations for enterococcal lower urinary tract infection (UTI). The local clinical microbiology laboratory discontinued routine susceptibilities on enterococcal urine isolates, and reports that 'APs are predictably reliable for uncomplicated enterococcal UTI'. The objective of this study was to compare outcomes of APs with non-APs (NAPs) for enterococcal lower UTIs. This was an institutional-review-board-approved, retrospective cohort of adults hospitalized with symptomatic enterococcal lower UTIs from 2013 to 2021. The primary endpoint was composite clinical success at 14 days, defined as resolution of symptoms without new symptoms and no repeat culture growth of the index organism. A non-inferiority analysis was utilized with a 15% margin, and logistic regression evaluated characteristics associated with 14-day failure. In total, 178 subjects were included: 89 AP patients and 89 NAP patients. Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) were identified in 73 (82%) AP patients and 76 (85%) NAP patients (P=0.54); in total, 34 (38.2%) AP patients and 66 (74.2%) NAP patients had confirmed Enterococcus faecium (P<0.001). Amoxicillin (n=36, 40.5%) and ampicillin (n=36, 40.5%) were the most commonly used APs, and linezolid (n=41, 46%) and fosfomycin (n=30, 34%) were the most commonly used NAPs. Fourteen-day clinical success rates for APs and NAPs were 83.1% and 82.0%, respectively [1.1% difference, 97.5% confidence interval (CI) -0.117 to 0.139]. Among the E. faecium subgroup, 14-day clinical success was observed in 27/34 (79.4%) AP patients and 53/66 (80.3%) NAP patients (P=0.916). On logistic regression, APs were not associated with 14-day clinical failure (adjusted odds ratio 0.84, 95% CI 0.38-1.86). APs were non-inferior to NAPs for treating enterococcal lower UTIs, and may be considered irrespective of susceptibility results.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Retrospective Studies ; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/microbiology ; Enterococcus ; Ampicillin/therapeutic use ; Urinary Tract Infections/drug therapy ; Urinary Tract Infections/microbiology ; Enterococcus faecium ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Ampicillin (7C782967RD)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-31
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1093977-5
ISSN	1872-7913 ; 0924-8579
ISSN (online)	1872-7913
ISSN	0924-8579
DOI	10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2023.106800
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Zs.A 3368: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Article ; Online: Use of strontium isotope ratios in potential geolocation of Ajnala skeletal remains: a forensic archeological study.

Sehrawat, J S / Agrawal, Shailesh / Kenney, Andrew P / Grimes, Vaughan / Rai, Niraj

International journal of legal medicine

2023 Volume 138, Issue 2, Page(s) 615–626

Abstract: Stable isotope methods for provenance of unidentified human remains are relatively a newer field of enquiry in forensic archeology. It is of great interest for forensic experts these days. The application of strontium isotope analyses for estimating ... ...

Abstract	Stable isotope methods for provenance of unidentified human remains are relatively a newer field of enquiry in forensic archeology. It is of great interest for forensic experts these days. The application of strontium isotope analyses for estimating geolocation of archeological remains is of great interest in bioarcheology and modern forensics. The strontium (Sr) isotope composition of human bones and teeth has been widely used to reconstruct an individual's geo-affiliation, residential mobility, and migration history. Thousands of unknown human remains, reportedly belonging to 282 Indian soldiers of 26th Native Bengal regiment and killed in 1857, were exhumed non-scientifically from an abandoned well situated underneath a religious structure at Ajnala (Amritsar, India). Whether these remains belonged to the individuals, local or non-local to the site, was the important forensic archeological question to be answered by doing their thorough forensic anthropological examinations. In the present study, 27 mandibular teeth (18 s molars, 6 first molars, and 3 premolars) collected from the Ajnala skeletal assemblage were processed for strontium isotope analysis, and the measured ratios were compared with published isotope baseline data to estimate the locality status of these remains. The Sr isotopic values were concentrated in the range of 0.7175 to 0.7270. The comparative analysis of isotopic ratios revealed that most individuals buried in the Ajnala well have
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Child ; Body Remains ; Archaeology ; Strontium Isotopes ; Strontium ; Isotopes
Chemical Substances	Strontium Isotopes ; Strontium (YZS2RPE8LE) ; Isotopes
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-18
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1055109-8
ISSN	1437-1596 ; 0937-9827
ISSN (online)	1437-1596
ISSN	0937-9827
DOI	10.1007/s00414-023-03109-8
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Article ; Online: Uranium surface processes with sandstone and volcanic rocks in acidic and alkaline solutions

Kenney, Janice P.L. / Lezama-Pacheco, Juan / Fendorf, Scott / Alessi, Daniel S. / Weiss, Dominik J.

Journal of Colloid And Interface Science. 2023 Sept., v. 645 p.715-723

2023

Abstract	Understanding the behaviour of uranium waste, for disposal purposes, is crucial due to the correlation between pH values and the disposal of distinct types of waste, with low level waste typically associated with acidic pH values, and higher and intermediate level waste commonly related to alkaline pH values. We studied the adsorption of U(VI) on sandstone and volcanic rock surfaces at pH 5.5 and 11.5 in aqueous solutions with and without bicarbonate (2 mM HCO₃–) using XAS and FTIR. In the sandstone system, U(VI) adsorbs as a bidentate complex to Si at pH 5.5 without bicarbonate and as uranyl carbonate species with bicarbonate. At pH 11.5 without bicarbonate, U(VI) adsorbs as monodentate complexes to Si and precipitates as uranophane. With bicarbonate at pH 11.5, U(VI) precipitated as a Na-clarkeite mineral or remained as a uranyl carbonate surface species. In the volcanic rock system, U(VI) adsorbed to Si as an outer sphere complex at pH 5.5, regardless of the presence of bicarbonate. At pH 11.5 without bicarbonate, U(VI) adsorbed as a monodentate complex to one Si atom and precipitated as a Na-clarkeite mineral. With bicarbonate at pH 11.5, U(VI) sorbed as a bidentate carbonate complex to one Si atom. These results provide insight into the behaviour of U(VI) in heterogeneous, real-world systems related to the disposal of radioactive waste.
Keywords	adsorption ; bicarbonates ; carbonates ; pH ; radioactive waste ; sandstone ; uranium ; uranyl ions ; volcanic rocks ; Precipitation ; EXAFS ; FTIR ; Surface complexation modelling ; Radioactive waste disposal
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-09
Size	p. 715-723.
Publishing place	Elsevier Inc.
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	241597-5
ISSN	1095-7103 ; 0021-9797
ISSN (online)	1095-7103
ISSN	0021-9797
DOI	10.1016/j.jcis.2023.04.174
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Evaluation of the current status of prosthetic rehabilitation services for major limb loss: a descriptive study in Ugandan Referral hospitals.

Mulindwa, Benedict / Nalwoga, Racheal P / Nakandi, Brenda T / Mwaka, Erisa S / Kenney, Laurence P J / Ackers, Louise / Ssekitoleko, Robert Tamale

Disability and rehabilitation

2023 , Page(s) 1–10

Abstract: Purpose: Low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs) have a large burden of major limb loss. No recent study has reported on Uganda's state of public sector prosthetics services. This study aimed to document the landscape of major limb loss, and the ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: Low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs) have a large burden of major limb loss. No recent study has reported on Uganda's state of public sector prosthetics services. This study aimed to document the landscape of major limb loss, and the structure of available prosthetics services in Uganda. Methods: This study involved a retrospective review of medical records at Mulago National Referral Hospital, Fort Portal Regional Referral Hospital, and Mbale Regional Referral Hospital, and a cross-sectional survey of personnel involved in the fabrication and fitting of prosthetic devices across orthopaedic workshops in the country. Results: Upper limb amputations accounted for 14.2%, and lower limb accounted for 81.2%. Gangrene (30.3%) was the leading cause of amputation, followed by road traffic accidents and diabetes mellitus. Orthopaedic workshops offered decentralised services, and most materials used were imported. Essential equipment was largely lacking. Orthopaedic technologists had diverse experience and skill sets, but many other factors limited their service provision. Conclusion: The Ugandan public healthcare system lacks adequate prosthetic services both in terms of personnel and supporting resources, including equipment, materials, and components. The provision of prosthetics rehabilitation services is limited, especially in rural regions. Decentralising services could improve patients' access to prosthetic services.Implications for RehabilitationAvailability and accessibility of prosthetic services are essential to the rehabilitation and reintegration of amputees into communities in Low-and-Middle-Income countries (LMICs).For stakeholders to formulate effective plans to address issues within prosthetics service provision, quality data on the current state of services is necessary.Service providers should prioritise the decentralisation of prosthetic rehabilitation services, especially for patients in rural areas, to improve access and reach of these services.To achieve optimal limb functionality after amputation for both lower and upper limb amputees, rehabilitation professionals working in LMICs should focus on delivering comprehensive multidisciplinary rehabilitation services.Orthopaedic personnel should ensure complete and accurate documentation of patient information following amputation to enable effective tracking and monitoring of patient care to improve outcomes of rehabilitation.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1104775-6
ISSN	1464-5165 ; 0963-8288
ISSN (online)	1464-5165
ISSN	0963-8288
DOI	10.1080/09638288.2023.2188266
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