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Article ; Online: A high-resolution picture of kinship practices in an Early Neolithic tomb.

Fowler, Chris / Olalde, Iñigo / Cummings, Vicki / Armit, Ian / Büster, Lindsey / Cuthbert, Sarah / Rohland, Nadin / Cheronet, Olivia / Pinhasi, Ron / Reich, David

Nature

2021 Volume 601, Issue 7894, Page(s) 584–587

Abstract: To explore kinship practices at chambered tombs in Early Neolithic Britain, here we combined archaeological and genetic analyses of 35 individuals who lived about 5,700 years ago and were entombed at Hazleton North long ... ...

Abstract	To explore kinship practices at chambered tombs in Early Neolithic Britain, here we combined archaeological and genetic analyses of 35 individuals who lived about 5,700 years ago and were entombed at Hazleton North long cairn
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Archaeology ; Burial ; Child ; DNA, Ancient ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mothers ; Pedigree
Chemical Substances	DNA, Ancient
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	120714-3
ISSN	1476-4687 ; 0028-0836
ISSN (online)	1476-4687
ISSN	0028-0836
DOI	10.1038/s41586-021-04241-4
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Article ; Online: Detection of chromosomal aneuploidy in ancient genomes.

Anastasiadou, Kyriaki / Silva, Marina / Booth, Thomas / Speidel, Leo / Audsley, Tony / Barrington, Christopher / Buckberry, Jo / Fernandes, Diana / Ford, Ben / Gibson, Mark / Gilardet, Alexandre / Glocke, Isabelle / Keefe, Katie / Kelly, Monica / Masters, Mackenzie / McCabe, Jesse / McIntyre, Lauren / Ponce, Paola / Rowland, Stephen /

Ruiz Ventura, Jordi / Swali, Pooja / Tait, Frankie / Walker, David / Webb, Helen / Williams, Mia / Witkin, Annsofie / Holst, Malin / Loe, Louise / Armit, Ian / Schulting, Rick / Skoglund, Pontus

Communications biology

2024 Volume 7, Issue 1, Page(s) 14

Abstract: Ancient DNA is a valuable tool for investigating genetic and evolutionary history that can also provide detailed profiles of the lives of ancient individuals. In this study, we develop a generalised computational approach to detect aneuploidies (atypical ...

Abstract	Ancient DNA is a valuable tool for investigating genetic and evolutionary history that can also provide detailed profiles of the lives of ancient individuals. In this study, we develop a generalised computational approach to detect aneuploidies (atypical autosomal and sex chromosome karyotypes) in the ancient genetic record and distinguish such karyotypes from contamination. We confirm that aneuploidies can be detected even in low-coverage genomes ( ~ 0.0001-fold), common in ancient DNA. We apply this method to ancient skeletal remains from Britain to document the first instance of mosaic Turner syndrome (45,X0/46,XX) in the ancient genetic record in an Iron Age individual sequenced to average 9-fold coverage, the earliest known incidence of an individual with a 47,XYY karyotype from the Early Medieval period, as well as individuals with Klinefelter (47,XXY) and Down syndrome (47,XY, + 21). Overall, our approach provides an accessible and automated framework allowing for the detection of individuals with aneuploidies, which extends previous binary approaches. This tool can facilitate the interpretation of burial context and living conditions, as well as elucidate past perceptions of biological sex and people with diverse biological traits.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Klinefelter Syndrome/diagnosis ; Klinefelter Syndrome/genetics ; DNA, Ancient ; Aneuploidy ; Down Syndrome ; Sex Chromosomes
Chemical Substances	DNA, Ancient
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	2399-3642
ISSN (online)	2399-3642
DOI	10.1038/s42003-023-05642-z
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Is Climate Associated With Revision for Prosthetic Joint Infection After Primary TKA?

Parkinson, Ben / Armit, Drew / McEwen, Peter / Lorimer, Michelle / Harris, Ian A

Clinical orthopaedics and related research

2018 Volume 476, Issue 6, Page(s) 1200–1204

Abstract: Background: Climate factors have been shown to be associated with spontaneous musculoskeletal and some surgical site infections with increased rates of infection during warmer periods. To date, little research has been performed to determine if this ... ...

Abstract	Background: Climate factors have been shown to be associated with spontaneous musculoskeletal and some surgical site infections with increased rates of infection during warmer periods. To date, little research has been performed to determine if this phenomenon is associated with differences in the risk of revision for prosthetic joint infection (PJI) in primary TKA. Questions/purposes: (1) Does the rate of revision for early PJI within the first year after primary TKA differ between tropical and nontropical regions? (2) Is there a seasonal variation in the rate of revision for PJI? (3) Is the geographic and seasonal variation (if present) associated with the sex, age, and/or American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade of the patient? Methods: All 219,983 primary TKAs performed for osteoarthritis over a 5-year period (2011-2015) in the Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry were examined based on the month of the primary procedure to determine the rate of revision for PJI within 12 months. The data were analyzed to determine the differences in the risk of revision for PJI based on geographic region and season of the primary procedure adjusting for sex, age, and ASA grade of the patient. Results: The early revision rate for PJI was higher in the tropical compared with the nontropical region of Australia (0.73% versus 0.37%; odds ratio [OR], 1.87; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.44-2.42; p < 0.001). The tropical region of Australia demonstrated a seasonal variation in the rate of revision for PJI with a higher rate during the warmer monsoon wet season of summer and fall (summer/fall 0.98% versus winter/spring 0.51%; OR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.12-3.16; p = 0.02). A seasonal variation was not seen in the nontropical region (OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.90-1.19; p = 0.64). The regional and seasonal changes were independent of sex, age, and ASA grade. Conclusions: Climate factors are associated with the risk of early revision for PJI in patients undergoing primary TKA with rates of such revisions approximately double in tropical regions compared with nontropical regions. Additionally, tropical regions demonstrate a seasonal variation with the risk of PJI doubling during the warmer, monsoonal wet season of summer and fall. These findings should be confirmed in further studies that can better control for possible confounding variables. The mechanism for this phenomenon is not clear, and further research into this subject is also indicated. Level of evidence: Level III, therapeutic study.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Arthritis, Infectious/etiology ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee/adverse effects ; Australia ; Climate ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Odds Ratio ; Osteoarthritis, Knee/surgery ; Prosthesis-Related Infections/etiology ; Registries ; Reoperation/statistics & numerical data ; Risk Factors ; Time Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-02-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	80301-7
ISSN	1528-1132 ; 0009-921X
ISSN (online)	1528-1132
ISSN	0009-921X
DOI	10.1007/s11999.0000000000000144
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Uk I Zs.188: Show issues

Location:
Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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Article ; Online: Increased interactivity and improvements to the GigaScience database, GigaDB.

Xiao, Si Zhe / Armit, Chris / Edmunds, Scott / Goodman, Laurie / Li, Peter / Tuli, Mary Ann / Hunter, Christopher Ian

Database : the journal of biological databases and curation

2019 Volume 2019

Abstract: With a large increase in the volume and type of data archived in GigaScience Database (GigaDB) since its launch in 2011, we have studied the metrics and user patterns to assess the important aspects needed to best suit current and future use. This has ... ...

Abstract	With a large increase in the volume and type of data archived in GigaScience Database (GigaDB) since its launch in 2011, we have studied the metrics and user patterns to assess the important aspects needed to best suit current and future use. This has led to new front-end developments and enhanced interactivity and functionality that greatly improve user experience. In this article, we present an overview of the current practices including the Biocurational role of the GigaDB staff, the broad usage metrics of GigaDB datasets and an update on how the GigaDB platform has been overhauled and enhanced to improve the stability and functionality of the codebase. Finally, we report on future directions for the GigaDB resource.
MeSH term(s)	Data Curation ; Databases, Factual ; Databases, Genetic ; Internet ; Time Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-01-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2496706-3
ISSN	1758-0463 ; 1758-0463
ISSN (online)	1758-0463
ISSN	1758-0463
DOI	10.1093/database/baz016
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: You know it’s summer in Ireland when the rain gets warmer

James Bonsall / Christopher Gaffney / Ian Armit

Archaeologia Polona, Vol

analysing repetitive time-lapse earth resistance data to determine ‘optimal’ survey climate conditions

2015 Volume 53

Abstract: ... ...

Abstract	No
Keywords	time-lapse ; temporal ; seasonal ; earth resistance ; resistivity ; Ireland ; Physical anthropology. Somatology ; GN49-298 ; Prehistoric archaeology ; GN700-890
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology Polish Academy of Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book: Celtic Scotland

Armit, Ian

(Historic Scotland)

2002

Author's details	Ian Armit
Series title	Historic Scotland
Language	English
Size	128 S, Ill., Kt
Edition	Repr
Publisher	Batsford u.a.
Publishing place	London
Document type	Book
Note	Literaturverz. S. 124
ISBN	0713475374 ; 0713475382 ; 9780713475371 ; 9780713475388
Database	Library catalogue of the German National Library of Science and Technology (TIB), Hannover

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Article: From dates to demography in later prehistoric Ireland? Experimental approaches to the meta-analysis of large 14C data-sets

Armit, Ian / Swindles, Graeme T / Becker, Katharina

Journal of archaeological science. 2013 Jan., v. 40, no. 1

2013

Abstract: We present a series of iterative methods to examine the problems associated with summed probability functions (SPFs) based on archaeological radiocarbon data. As a case study we use an SPF generated from a substantial radiocarbon data-set from the Irish ... ...

Abstract	We present a series of iterative methods to examine the problems associated with summed probability functions (SPFs) based on archaeological radiocarbon data. As a case study we use an SPF generated from a substantial radiocarbon data-set from the Irish Later Bronze and Iron Ages. We use simple numerical methods to show that real patterns can be deciphered from SPFs that can be used to trace and evaluate patterns of change. However, our results suggest that SPFs should not be used as a simple index of past human activity.
Keywords	archaeology ; carbon ; case studies ; demography ; meta-analysis ; probability ; radiocarbon dating ; Ireland
Language	English
Dates of publication	2013-01
Size	p. 433-438.
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1468969-8
ISSN	0305-4403
ISSN	0305-4403
DOI	10.1016/j.jas.2012.08.039
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: The variation and controls of mean transit times in Australian headwater catchments

Cartwright, Ian / Morgenstern, Uwe / Howcroft, William / Hofmann, Harald / Armit, Robin / Stewart, Michael / Burton, Chad / Irvine, Dylan

Hydrological processes. 2020 Oct. 15, v. 34, no. 21

2020

Abstract: Determining mean transit times in headwater catchments is critical for understanding catchment functioning and understanding their responses to changes in landuse or climate. Determining whether mean transit times (MTTs) correlate with drainage density, ... ...

Abstract	Determining mean transit times in headwater catchments is critical for understanding catchment functioning and understanding their responses to changes in landuse or climate. Determining whether mean transit times (MTTs) correlate with drainage density, slope angle, area, or land cover permits a better understanding of the controls on water flow through catchments and allows first‐order predictions of MTTs in other catchments to be made. This study assesses whether there are identifiable controls on MTTs determined using ³H in headwater catchments of southeast Australia. Despite MTTs at baseflow varying from a few years to >100 years, it was difficult to predict MTTs using single or groups of readily‐measured catchment attributes. The lack of readily‐identifiable correlations hampers the prediction of MTTs in adjacent catchments even where these have similar geology, land use, and topography. The long MTTs of the Australian headwater catchments are probably in part due to the catchments having high storage volumes in deeply‐weathered regolith, combined with low recharge rates due to high evapotranspiration. However, the difficulty in estimating storage volumes at the catchment scale hampers the use of this parameter to estimate MTTs. The runoff coefficient (the fraction of rainfall exported via the stream) is probably also controlled by evapotranspiration and recharge rates. Correlations between the runoff coefficient and MTTs in individual catchments allow predictions of MTTs in nearby catchments to be made. MTTs are shorter in high rainfall periods as the catchments wet up and shallow water stores are mobilized. Despite the contribution of younger water, the major ion geochemistry in individual catchments commonly does not correlate with MTTs, probably reflecting heterogeneous reactions and varying degrees of evapotranspiration. Documenting MTTs in catchments with high storage volumes and/or low recharge rates elsewhere is important for understanding MTTs in diverse environments.
Keywords	base flow ; climate ; drainage ; evapotranspiration ; geochemistry ; land cover ; land use ; prediction ; rain ; regolith ; runoff ; streams ; topography ; watersheds ; Australia
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-1015
Size	p. 4034-4048.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean ; JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	1479953-4
ISSN	1099-1085 ; 0885-6087
ISSN (online)	1099-1085
ISSN	0885-6087
DOI	10.1002/hyp.13862
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Detection of chromosomal aneuploidy in ancient genomes

Kyriaki Anastasiadou / Marina Silva / Thomas Booth / Leo Speidel / Tony Audsley / Christopher Barrington / Jo Buckberry / Diana Fernandes / Ben Ford / Mark Gibson / Alexandre Gilardet / Isabelle Glocke / Katie Keefe / Monica Kelly / Mackenzie Masters / Jesse McCabe / Lauren McIntyre / Paola Ponce / Stephen Rowland /

Jordi Ruiz Ventura / Pooja Swali / Frankie Tait / David Walker / Helen Webb / Mia Williams / Annsofie Witkin / Malin Holst / Louise Loe / Ian Armit / Rick Schulting / Pontus Skoglund

Communications Biology, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2024 Volume 9

Abstract: Abstract Ancient DNA is a valuable tool for investigating genetic and evolutionary history that can also provide detailed profiles of the lives of ancient individuals. In this study, we develop a generalised computational approach to detect aneuploidies ( ...

Abstract	Abstract Ancient DNA is a valuable tool for investigating genetic and evolutionary history that can also provide detailed profiles of the lives of ancient individuals. In this study, we develop a generalised computational approach to detect aneuploidies (atypical autosomal and sex chromosome karyotypes) in the ancient genetic record and distinguish such karyotypes from contamination. We confirm that aneuploidies can be detected even in low-coverage genomes ( ~ 0.0001-fold), common in ancient DNA. We apply this method to ancient skeletal remains from Britain to document the first instance of mosaic Turner syndrome (45,X0/46,XX) in the ancient genetic record in an Iron Age individual sequenced to average 9-fold coverage, the earliest known incidence of an individual with a 47,XYY karyotype from the Early Medieval period, as well as individuals with Klinefelter (47,XXY) and Down syndrome (47,XY, + 21). Overall, our approach provides an accessible and automated framework allowing for the detection of individuals with aneuploidies, which extends previous binary approaches. This tool can facilitate the interpretation of burial context and living conditions, as well as elucidate past perceptions of biological sex and people with diverse biological traits.
Keywords	Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	930
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Portfolio
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: A multi-proxy Holocene palaeoenvironmental record of climate change and prehistoric human activity from Lough Cullin, southeast Ireland

Kearney, Kevin / Gearey, Benjamin / Hegarty, Susan / Richer, Suzi / Ferreira, Carla / O’Carroll, Ellen / Hamilton, Derek / Eogan, James / McClatchie, Meriel / Armit, Ian / Nagle, Caitlin / Taylor, Kate / Hull, Graham / Becker, Katharina

Holocene. 2022 Apr., v. 32, no. 4

2022

Abstract: A multiproxy (pollen, microcharcoal, loss-on-ignition, magnetic susceptibility and geochemistry) sequence from Lough Cullin, southeast Ireland, supported by a high-resolution radiocarbon chronology, modelled using Bayesian approaches, provides a record ... ...

Abstract	A multiproxy (pollen, microcharcoal, loss-on-ignition, magnetic susceptibility and geochemistry) sequence from Lough Cullin, southeast Ireland, supported by a high-resolution radiocarbon chronology, modelled using Bayesian approaches, provides a record of environmental change for much of the Holocene. Following the establishment of mixed deciduous woodland, climatic deterioration was likely responsible for pronounced vegetation change and erosion, 7615–6500 cal. BC to 6245–5575 cal. BC, evidence for the ‘8.2 Kyr’ BP climate event. The so-called ‘elm decline’ is dated to 4220–3980 cal. BC and whilst there are possible indications of an anthropogenic cause, clear evidence of woodland clearance with cereal pollen is recorded at 3900–3700 cal. BC, 3790–3580 cal. BC and 3760–3650 cal. BC, during a period of clearance and farming of 320–450 years duration. A reduction in farming/settlement and woodland regeneration during the Middle Neolithic parallels the archaeological record, with low levels of activity during the Late Neolithic/Chalcolithic after 2960–2525 cal. BC, prior to increases during the Bronze Age then woodland clearance and agriculture between 1500–1410 and 1275–1000 cal. BC, corresponding with the archaeological evidence. A subsequent ‘step-wise’ reduction in human activity follows, from the latter date to 815–685 cal. BC, and a brief but pronounced cessation at 690–535 cal. BC. Renewed woodland clearance and agriculture commenced until 415–250 cal. BC. From the latter date until cal. AD 390–540, the Late Iron Age/Early Medieval period, a phase of woodland recovery is attested, followed by renewed landscape disturbance and arable agriculture in particular, continuing to the close of the record at cal. AD 780–1035.
Keywords	Bayesian theory ; Holocene epoch ; anthropogenic activities ; archaeology ; carbon radioisotopes ; climate ; climate change ; geochemistry ; humans ; landscapes ; magnetic susceptibility ; paleoecology ; pollen ; woodlands ; Ireland
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-04
Size	p. 262-279.
Publishing place	SAGE Publications
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2027956-5
ISSN	1477-0911 ; 0959-6836
ISSN (online)	1477-0911
ISSN	0959-6836
DOI	10.1177/09596836211066593
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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