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  1. Article ; Online: Beta Agonists for Prevention of Respiratory Adverse Events in Children Undergoing Adenotonsillectomy: Long-Acting, Short Acting, or Not Acting.

    Adler, Adam C / von Ungern-Sternberg, Britta S

    Anesthesia and analgesia

    2023  Volume 136, Issue 6, Page(s) 1064–1066

    MeSH term(s) Child ; Humans ; Bronchodilator Agents ; Asthma ; Adenoidectomy/adverse effects ; Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists/therapeutic use
    Chemical Substances Bronchodilator Agents ; Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 80032-6
    ISSN 1526-7598 ; 0003-2999
    ISSN (online) 1526-7598
    ISSN 0003-2999
    DOI 10.1213/ANE.0000000000006368
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  2. Article ; Online: Predicting antibody binders and generating synthetic antibodies using deep learning.

    Lim, Yoong Wearn / Adler, Adam S / Johnson, David S

    mAbs

    2022  Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 2069075

    Abstract: The antibody drug field has continually sought improvements to methods for candidate discovery and engineering. Historically, most such methods have been laboratory-based, but informatics methods have recently started to make an impact. Deep learning, a ... ...

    Abstract The antibody drug field has continually sought improvements to methods for candidate discovery and engineering. Historically, most such methods have been laboratory-based, but informatics methods have recently started to make an impact. Deep learning, a subfield of machine learning, is rapidly gaining prominence in the biomedical research. Recent advances in microfluidics technologies and next-generation sequencing have not only revolutionized therapeutic antibody discovery, but also contributed to a vast amount of antibody repertoire sequencing data, providing opportunities for deep learning-based applications. Previously, we used microfluidics, yeast display, and deep sequencing to generate a panel of binder and non-binder antibody sequences to the cancer immunotherapy targets PD-1 and CTLA-4. Here we encoded the antibody light and heavy chain complementarity-determining regions (CDR3s) into antibody images, then built and trained convolutional neural network models to classify binders and non-binders. To improve model interpretability, we performed
    MeSH term(s) Antibodies ; CTLA-4 Antigen ; Complementarity Determining Regions/chemistry ; Deep Learning ; Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor
    Chemical Substances Antibodies ; CTLA-4 Antigen ; Complementarity Determining Regions ; Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2537838-7
    ISSN 1942-0870 ; 1942-0870
    ISSN (online) 1942-0870
    ISSN 1942-0870
    DOI 10.1080/19420862.2022.2069075
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  3. Article ; Online: Lung ultrasound and atelectasis-The devil is in the details.

    Adler, Adam C / von Ungern-Sternberg, Britta S / Matava, Clyde T

    Paediatric anaesthesia

    2021  Volume 31, Issue 12, Page(s) 1269–1270

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Lung/diagnostic imaging ; Pulmonary Atelectasis/diagnostic imaging ; Ultrasonography
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-08
    Publishing country France
    Document type Editorial ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 1086049-6
    ISSN 1460-9592 ; 1155-5645
    ISSN (online) 1460-9592
    ISSN 1155-5645
    DOI 10.1111/pan.14286
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  4. Article ; Online: When Should Trainees Call for Help With Invasive Procedures?

    Adler, Adam C / Litman, Ronald S

    Pediatrics

    2017  Volume 139, Issue 6

    Language English
    Publishing date 2017
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 207677-9
    ISSN 1098-4275 ; 0031-4005
    ISSN (online) 1098-4275
    ISSN 0031-4005
    DOI 10.1542/peds.2016-3673
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  5. Article ; Online: Out of the Darkness and into the Era of Direct Visualization and Deliberate Practice.

    Adler, Adam C / Litman, Ronald S

    Anesthesiology

    2017  Volume 127, Issue 3, Page(s) 408–409

    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 269-0
    ISSN 1528-1175 ; 0003-3022
    ISSN (online) 1528-1175
    ISSN 0003-3022
    DOI 10.1097/ALN.0000000000001777
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  6. Article ; Online: An assessment of opioids on respiratory depression in children with and without obstructive sleep apnea.

    Adler, Adam C / Chandrakantan, Arvind / Nathanson, Brian H / von Ungern-Sternberg, Britta S

    Paediatric anaesthesia

    2021  Volume 31, Issue 9, Page(s) 977–984

    Abstract: ... at Texas Children's Hospital were recruited. Twenty non-obstructive sleep apnea controls and 30 patients ...

    Abstract Background: Obstructive sleep apnea is a risk factor for respiratory depression following opioid administration as well as opioid-induced hyperalgesia. Little is known on how obstructive sleep apnea status is associated with central ventilatory depression in pediatric surgical patients given a single dose of fentanyl.
    Methods: This was a single-center, prospective trial in children undergoing surgery requiring intubation and opioid administration. Sixty patients between the ages of 2-8 years presenting for surgery at Texas Children's Hospital were recruited. Twenty non-obstructive sleep apnea controls and 30 patients with moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea met inclusion criteria. Following induction of general anesthesia and establishment of steady-state ventilation, participants received 1 mcg/kg intravenous fentanyl. Ventilatory variables (tidal volume, respiratory rate, end-tidal CO
    Results: We found no significant difference in percent decrease in respiratory rate (38.1% and 37.1%; p = .950), tidal volume (6.4% and 5.4%; p = .992), and minute ventilation (35.0 L/min and 35.0 L/min; p = .890) in control and obstructive sleep apnea patients, respectively. Both groups experienced similar percent increases in end-tidal CO
    Conclusions: In pediatric surgical patients, obstructive sleep apnea status was not associated with significant differences in central respiratory depression following a single dose of fentanyl (1 mcg/kg). These findings can help determine safe opioid doses in future pediatric obstructive sleep apneapatients.
    MeSH term(s) Analgesics, Opioid ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Prospective Studies ; Respiration ; Respiratory Insufficiency/chemically induced ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/complications
    Chemical Substances Analgesics, Opioid
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-16
    Publishing country France
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1086049-6
    ISSN 1460-9592 ; 1155-5645
    ISSN (online) 1460-9592
    ISSN 1155-5645
    DOI 10.1111/pan.14228
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  7. Article ; Online: National Institutes of Health-Funded Anesthesiology Research and Anesthesiology Physician-Scientists: Trends, Promises, and Concerns.

    Chandrakantan, Arvind / Adler, Adam C / Stayer, Stephen / Roth, Steven

    Anesthesia and analgesia

    2019  Volume 129, Issue 6, Page(s) 1761–1766

    Abstract: With a difficult National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding climate, the pipeline of physician-scientists in Anesthesiology is continuing to get smaller with fewer new entrants. This article studies current NIH funding trends and offers potential ... ...

    Abstract With a difficult National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding climate, the pipeline of physician-scientists in Anesthesiology is continuing to get smaller with fewer new entrants. This article studies current NIH funding trends and offers potential solutions to continue the historical trend of academic innovation and research that has characterized academic Anesthesiology. Using publicly available data, specifically the NIH REPORTeR and Blue Ridge Institute for Medical Research, we examined NIH trends in funding in academic Anesthesiology departments that have Anesthesiology residency training programs. When adjusted for inflation, median NIH funding of departments of Anesthesiology declined approximately 15% between 2008 and 2017. The majority (55%) of NIH funding to academic Anesthesiology departments, including R01 and K-series grants, went to 10 departments in the United States. This trend has remained relatively constant for the 9-year period we studied (2009-2017). There is an inequitable distribution of NIH funding to Anesthesiology departments. Arguably, this may be a case of the "rich get richer," but the implications for those who are trying to become or remain NIH-funded investigators are that success may depend, in part, on securing a faculty position in one of these well-funded departments.
    MeSH term(s) Anesthesiology/economics ; Anesthesiology/trends ; Biomedical Research/economics ; Biomedical Research/trends ; Financial Management/economics ; Financial Management/trends ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/economics ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/trends ; Physicians/economics ; Physicians/trends ; Research Personnel/economics ; Research Personnel/trends ; Research Support as Topic/methods ; Research Support as Topic/trends ; United States
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-11-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80032-6
    ISSN 1526-7598 ; 0003-2999
    ISSN (online) 1526-7598
    ISSN 0003-2999
    DOI 10.1213/ANE.0000000000004341
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  8. Article: Effects of two different paradigms of electrical stimulation exercise on cardio-metabolic risk factors after spinal cord injury. A randomized clinical trial.

    Gorgey, Ashraf S / Khalil, Refka E / Carter, William / Ballance, Boyd / Gill, Ranjodh / Khan, Rehan / Goetz, Lance / Lavis, Timothy / Sima, Adam P / Adler, Robert A

    Frontiers in neurology

    2023  Volume 14, Page(s) 1254760

    Abstract: Objective: To examine the combined effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation-resistance training (NMES-RT) and functional electrical stimulation-lower extremity cycling (FES-LEC) compared to passive movement training (PMT) and FES-LEC in adults ... ...

    Abstract Objective: To examine the combined effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation-resistance training (NMES-RT) and functional electrical stimulation-lower extremity cycling (FES-LEC) compared to passive movement training (PMT) and FES-LEC in adults with SCI on (1) oxygen uptake (VO
    Materials and methods: Thirty-three participants with chronic SCI (AIS A-C) were randomized to 24 weeks of NMES-RT + FES or PMT + FES. The NMES-RT + FES group underwent 12 weeks of evoked surface NMES-RT using ankle weights followed by an additional 12 weeks of progressive FES-LEC. The control group, PMT + FES performed 12 weeks of passive leg extension movements followed by an additional 12 weeks of FES-LEC. Measurements were performed at baseline (BL; week 0), post-intervention 1 (P1; week 13) and post-intervention 2 (P2; week 25) and included FES-VO
    Results: Twenty-seven participants completed both phases of the study. NMES-RT + FES group showed a trend of a greater VO
    Conclusion: NMES-RT yielded a greater peak leg VO
    Clinical trial registration: identifier NCT02660073.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-22
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2564214-5
    ISSN 1664-2295
    ISSN 1664-2295
    DOI 10.3389/fneur.2023.1254760
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  9. Article ; Online: Sequencing the B Cell Receptor Repertoires of Antibody-Deficient Individuals With and Without Infection Susceptibility.

    Lim, Yoong Wearn / Ramirez, Neftali Jose / Asensio, Michael A / Chiang, Yao / Müller, Gabriele / Mrovecova, Pavla / Mitsuiki, Noriko / Krausz, Máté / Camacho-Ordonez, Nadezhda / Warnatz, Klaus / Adler, Adam S / Grimbacher, Bodo

    Journal of clinical immunology

    2023  Volume 43, Issue 5, Page(s) 940–950

    Abstract: Purpose: Most individuals with antibody deficiency (hypogammaglobulinemia) need immunoglobulin replacement therapy (IgG-RT) from healthy plasma donors to stay clear of infections. However, a small subset of hypogammaglobulinemic patients do not require ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Most individuals with antibody deficiency (hypogammaglobulinemia) need immunoglobulin replacement therapy (IgG-RT) from healthy plasma donors to stay clear of infections. However, a small subset of hypogammaglobulinemic patients do not require this substitution therapy. We set out to investigate this clinical conundrum by asking whether the peripheral B cell receptor repertoires differ between antibody-deficient patients who do and do not need IgG-RT.
    Methods: We sequenced and analyzed IgG and IgM heavy chain B cell receptor repertoires from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from patients with low serum IgG concentrations who did or did not require IgG-RT.
    Results: Compared to the patients who did not need IgG-RT, those who needed IgG-RT had higher numbers of IgG antibody clones, higher IgM diversity, and less oligoclonal IgG and IgM repertoires. The patient cohorts had different heavy chain variable gene usage, and the patients who needed IgG-RT had elevated frequencies of IgG clones with higher germline identity (i.e., fewer somatic hypermutations).
    Conclusion: Antibody-deficient patients with infection susceptibility who needed IgG-RT had more diverse peripheral antibody repertoires that were less diverged from germline and thus may not be as optimal for targeting pathogens, possibly contributing to infection susceptibility.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; Immunoglobulin M ; Immunoglobulin G ; Base Sequence ; Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell/genetics
    Chemical Substances Immunoglobulin M ; Immunoglobulin G ; Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-24
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 779361-3
    ISSN 1573-2592 ; 0271-9142
    ISSN (online) 1573-2592
    ISSN 0271-9142
    DOI 10.1007/s10875-023-01448-0
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  10. Article ; Online: Intermittent Hypoxia and Effects on Early Learning/Memory: Exploring the Hippocampal Cellular Effects of Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

    Chandrakantan, Arvind / Adler, Adam C / Tohsun, Mehmet / Kheradamand, Farrah / Ray, Russell S / Roth, Steven

    Anesthesia and analgesia

    2020  Volume 133, Issue 1, Page(s) 93–103

    Abstract: This review provides an update on the neurocognitive phenotype of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Pediatric OSA is associated with neurocognitive deficits involving memory, learning, and executive functioning. Adenotonsillectomy (AT) is ... ...

    Abstract This review provides an update on the neurocognitive phenotype of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Pediatric OSA is associated with neurocognitive deficits involving memory, learning, and executive functioning. Adenotonsillectomy (AT) is presently accepted as the first-line surgical treatment for pediatric OSA, but the executive function deficits do not resolve postsurgery, and the timeline for recovery remains unknown. This finding suggests that pediatric OSA potentially causes irreversible damage to multiple areas of the brain. The focus of this review is the hippocampus, 1 of the 2 major sites of postnatal neurogenesis, where new neurons are formed and integrated into existing circuitry and the mammalian center of learning/memory functions. Here, we review the clinical phenotype of pediatric OSA, and then discuss existing studies of OSA on different cell types in the hippocampus during critical periods of development. This will set the stage for future study using preclinical models to understand the pathogenesis of persistent neurocognitive dysfunction in pediatric OSA.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Child ; Hippocampus/cytology ; Hippocampus/physiopathology ; Humans ; Hypoxia/complications ; Hypoxia/physiopathology ; Hypoxia/psychology ; Learning/physiology ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/complications ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/physiopathology ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/psychology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 80032-6
    ISSN 1526-7598 ; 0003-2999
    ISSN (online) 1526-7598
    ISSN 0003-2999
    DOI 10.1213/ANE.0000000000005273
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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