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Article: A spatiotemporal analysis of Indian warming target using CORDEX-SA experiment data

Prajapat, Deepak Kumar / Lodha, Jyoti / Choudhary, Mahender

Theoretical and applied climatology. 2020 Jan., v. 139, no. 1-2

2020

Abstract: It is important to estimate a high-resolution spatiotemporal distribution of temperature rise under climate change for effective adaptation and mitigation planning. This paper studies the threshold crossing time (TCT) for eight Indian warming targets ( ... ...

Abstract	It is important to estimate a high-resolution spatiotemporal distribution of temperature rise under climate change for effective adaptation and mitigation planning. This paper studies the threshold crossing time (TCT) for eight Indian warming targets (IWTs) between 1.5 and 5 °C based on regional climate models (RCMs) participating in The Coordinated Regional Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX)—South Asia project. To evaluate the performance of CORDEX experiments in simulating the near-surface mean temperature, the model performance index (MPI) is used which represents that the CanESM experiment performs best for simulating Tmean over India. All India average Tmean projected by the multi-model ensemble (MME) represents that 1.5 °C TCT is about 2033 ± 3 and 2028 ± 3 in RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios, respectively. During the twenty-first century, Indian subcontinent can experience five IWTs (1.5–3.5 °C) under RCP4.5 and all eight under scenario RCP8.5. The fastest warming region in India is the western Himalayan region (North India) and north-west region (Indian Thar Desert).
Keywords	climate change ; climate models ; model validation ; planning ; temperature ; Himalayan region ; India ; Thar Desert
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-01
Size	p. 447-459.
Publishing place	Springer Vienna
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1463177-5
ISSN	1434-4483 ; 0177-798X
ISSN (online)	1434-4483
ISSN	0177-798X
DOI	10.1007/s00704-019-02978-7
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Gaps in the welfare state: A role-based model of poverty risk in the U.S.

Berkowitz, Seth A / Palakshappa, Deepak

PloS one

2023 Volume 18, Issue 4, Page(s) e0284251

Abstract: Background: Research clearly demonstrates that income matters greatly to health. However, income distribution and its relationship to poverty risk is often misunderstood.: Methods: We provide a structural account of income distribution and poverty ... ...

Abstract	Background: Research clearly demonstrates that income matters greatly to health. However, income distribution and its relationship to poverty risk is often misunderstood. Methods: We provide a structural account of income distribution and poverty risk in the U.S., rooted in the 'roles' that individuals inhabit with relation to the 'factor payment system' (market distribution of income to individuals through wages and asset ownership). Principal roles are child, older adult, and, among working-age adults, disabled individual, student, unemployed individual, caregiver, or paid laborer. Moreover, the roles of other members of an individual's household also influence an individual's income level. This account implies that 1) roles other than paid laborer will be associated with greater poverty risk, 2) household composition will be associated with poverty risk, and 3) income support policies for those not able to engage in paid labor are critical for avoiding poverty. We test hypotheses implied by this account using 2019 and 2022 U.S. Census Current Population Survey data. The exposure variables in our analyses relate to roles and household composition. The outcomes relate to income and poverty risk. Results: In 2019, 40.1 million individuals (12.7% of the population) experienced poverty under the U.S. Census' Supplemental Poverty Measure. All roles other than paid laborer were associated with greater poverty risk (p < .001 for all comparisons). Household composition, particularly more children and disabled working-age adults, and fewer paid laborers, was also associated with greater poverty risk (p < .001 for all comparisons). Five key policy areas-child benefits, older-age pensions, disability and sickness insurance, unemployment insurance, and out-of-pocket healthcare spending-represented gaps in the welfare state strongly associated with poverty risk. Conclusions: The role one inhabits and household composition are associated with poverty risk. This understanding of income distribution and poverty risk may be useful for social policy.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; United States ; Aged ; Poverty ; Income ; Family Characteristics ; Social Welfare ; Salaries and Fringe Benefits
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0284251
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Article ; Online: Lack of Retinoblastoma Protein Shifts Tumor Metabolism from Glycolysis to OXPHOS and Allows the Use of Alternate Fuels.

Suresh Babu, Vishnu / Dudeja, Gagan / Sa, Deepak / Bisht, Anadi / Shetty, Rohit / Heymans, Stephane / Guha, Nilanjan / Ghosh, Arkasubhra

Cells

2022 Volume 11, Issue 20

Abstract: Mutations in ... ...

Abstract	Mutations in the
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; Retinoblastoma Protein/genetics ; NAD/metabolism ; Hexokinase/metabolism ; Glutamine/metabolism ; Retinoblastoma ; Glycolysis/genetics ; Glucose/metabolism ; Fatty Acids/metabolism ; Retinal Neoplasms ; Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Carnitine ; Tricarboxylic Acids ; Pyruvates
Chemical Substances	Retinoblastoma Protein ; NAD (0U46U6E8UK) ; Hexokinase (EC 2.7.1.1) ; Glutamine (0RH81L854J) ; Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2) ; Fatty Acids ; Adenosine Triphosphate (8L70Q75FXE) ; Transcription Factors ; Carnitine (S7UI8SM58A) ; Tricarboxylic Acids ; Pyruvates
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-11
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2661518-6
ISSN	2073-4409 ; 2073-4409
ISSN (online)	2073-4409
ISSN	2073-4409
DOI	10.3390/cells11203182
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Article ; Online: The Life-Course Theory of Serial Killing: A Motivation Model.

Deepak, S A / Ramdoss, S

International journal of offender therapy and comparative criminology

2020 Volume 65, Issue 13-14, Page(s) 1446–1472

Abstract: Case studies were conducted on eight serial killers in India who were inmates in central prisons of Kerala and Tamil Nadu. The study is a pioneering one on serial killers in the locale of the study. All available information about the lives of offenders ... ...

Abstract	Case studies were conducted on eight serial killers in India who were inmates in central prisons of Kerala and Tamil Nadu. The study is a pioneering one on serial killers in the locale of the study. All available information about the lives of offenders were collected through multiple sources, including in-depth interviews with serial killers in the prisons, interviews of relatives of the killers, surviving victims, Investigators, crime scene studies, etc. The collected data have been chronologically arranged to construct biographies of the offenders. The rich biographies were carefully analyzed to construct an inclusive motivation model that can explain the process of individuals evolving into serial killers from a life-course approach. The motivation in each of the eight cases was explained with the proposed motivation model. The constructed motivation model is unique from the existing models, which were mostly rigid and, therefore, not applicable to cases outside the studies. The model proposes three critical determinants for explaining the evolution of a person into a serial killer, "nature," "Deep Resting Life Factor," and "key Incidents." The study found a relatively short incident named "trigger" in the lives of six serial killers, which played a significant role in bringing out the dormant killer instinct and push the subjects toward the first murder. The comparative analysis of the motivation in different cases revealed that though there were recurring factors in the lives of serial killers, their interactions were more important than standalone factors. The study also found that there are no predetermined recipes for the making of a killer like some past researchers claimed.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-12-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	218274-9
ISSN	1552-6933 ; 0306-624X
ISSN (online)	1552-6933
ISSN	0306-624X
DOI	10.1177/0306624X20981030
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Article ; Online: The role of green finance and governance effectiveness in the impact of renewable energy investment on CO

Yadav, Ashutosh / Gyamfi, Bright Akwasi / Asongu, Simplice A / Behera, Deepak Kumar

Journal of environmental management

2024 Volume 358, Page(s) 120906

Abstract: In the context of sustainable development, this study investigates the intricate dynamics among good governance, renewable energy investment, and green finance in BRICS nations. The aim of the study is to assess how green finance and governance ... ...

Abstract	In the context of sustainable development, this study investigates the intricate dynamics among good governance, renewable energy investment, and green finance in BRICS nations. The aim of the study is to assess how green finance and governance effectiveness moderate the impact of renewable energy investment on CO
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-16
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	184882-3
ISSN	1095-8630 ; 0301-4797
ISSN (online)	1095-8630
ISSN	0301-4797
DOI	10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120906
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Article ; Online: Quantitative assessment of land surface temperature and vegetation indices on a kilometer grid scale.

Kikon, Noyingbeni / Kumar, Deepak / Ahmed, Syed Ashfaq

Environmental science and pollution research international

2023 Volume 30, Issue 49, Page(s) 107236–107258

Abstract: Due to expanding populations and thriving economies, studies into the built environment's thermal characteristics have increased. This research tracks and predicts how land use and land cover (LULC) changes may affect ground temperatures, urban heat ... ...

Abstract	Due to expanding populations and thriving economies, studies into the built environment's thermal characteristics have increased. This research tracks and predicts how land use and land cover (LULC) changes may affect ground temperatures, urban heat islands, and city thermal fields (UTFVI). The current study examines land surface temperature (LST), urban thermal field variance index (UTFVI), normalized difference built-up index (NDBI), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and land use land cover (LULC) on a kilometer scale. According to the comparative study, the mean LST decreases by 3 °C and the NDVI increases considerably. Correlation analysis showed that LST and NDVI are inversely connected, while LST and NDBI are positively correlated. NDVI and NDBI have a strong negative association, while LST and UTFVI have a positive correlation. Urban planners and environmentalists can study the LST's effects on land surface parameters in different environmental contexts during the lockout period. The urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon, in which the land surface qualities of an urban region cause a change in the urban thermal environment, forms and intensifies over an urban area. The minimum and maximum LST in grid number 1 in 2009 was 20.30 °C and 29.91 °C, respectively, with a mean LST of 25.1 °C. There was a decline in the minimum and maximum LST in grid number 1 in 2020 with a minimum and maximum LST of 17.31 °C and 25.35 °C, respectively, with a mean LST of 21.33 °C. There was a 3.8 °C drop in the LST of this grid. The minimum and maximum NDVI were also - 0.16 and 0.59, respectively, with an average NDVI value of 0.21. Therefore, it is essential to evaluate and foresee the impact of LULC change on the thermal environment and examines the connection between LULC shifts with subsequent changes in land surface temperature (LST) along with the UHI phenomenon. Maps of the UTFVI reveal positive UHI phenomena, with the highest UTFVI zones occurring over the developed area and none over the adjacent rural territory. During the summer months, the urban area with the strongest UTFVI zone grows noticeably larger than it does during the winter months during the forecasted years. Future policymakers and city planners can mitigate the effects of heat stress and create more sustainable urban environments by evaluating the expected distribution maps of LULC, LST, UHI, and UTFVI.
MeSH term(s)	Temperature ; Cities ; Urbanization ; Hot Temperature ; Environmental Monitoring
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-09
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1178791-0
ISSN	1614-7499 ; 0944-1344
ISSN (online)	1614-7499
ISSN	0944-1344
DOI	10.1007/s11356-023-27418-y
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Article: Understanding food insecurity risk in the United States: A longitudinal analysis.

Berkowitz, Seth A / Seligman, Hilary K / Palakshappa, Deepak

SSM - population health

2023 Volume 25, Page(s) 101569

Abstract: Background: Food insecurity, lack of consistent access to the food needed for an active, healthy life, harms population health. Although substantial biomedical evidence examines the connections between food insecurity and health, fewer studies examine ... ...

Abstract	Background: Food insecurity, lack of consistent access to the food needed for an active, healthy life, harms population health. Although substantial biomedical evidence examines the connections between food insecurity and health, fewer studies examine why food insecurity occurs. Methods: We propose a conceptual understanding of food insecurity risk based on institutions that distribute income-the factor payment system (income distribution stemming from paid labor and asset ownership), transfers within households, and the government tax-and-transfer system. A key feature of our understanding is 'roles' individuals inhabit in relation to the factor payment system: child, older adult, disabled working-age adult, student, unemployed individual, caregiver, or paid laborer. A second feature is that the roles of others in an individual's household also affect an individual's food insecurity risk. We tested hypotheses implied by this understanding, particularly hypotheses relating to role, household composition, and income support programs, using nationally-representative, longitudinal U.S. Current Population Survey data (2016-2019). Results: There were 16,884 participants (year 1 food insecurity prevalence: 10.0%). Inhabiting roles of child (Relative Risk [RR] 1.79, 95% Confidence Interval [95%CI] 1.67 to 1.93), disabled working age-adult (RR 3.74, 95%CI 3.25 to 4.31), or unemployed individual (RR 3.29, 95%CI 2.51 to 4.33) were associated with a greater risk of food insecurity than being a paid laborer. Most food insecure households, 74.8%, had members inhabiting roles of child or disabled working age-adult, and/or contained individuals who experienced job loss. Similar associations held when examining those transitioning from food insecurity to food security in year 2. Conclusions: The proposed understanding accords with the pattern of food insecurity risk observed in the U.S. An implication is that transfer income programs for individuals inhabiting roles, such as childhood and disability, that limit factor payment system participation may reduce food insecurity risk for both those individuals and those in their household.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2352-8273
ISSN	2352-8273
DOI	10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101569
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Article: Differential Non-Coding RNA Profiles for Lung Cancer Early Detection in African and White Americans.

Gao, Lu / Dhilipkannah, Pushpa / Holden, Van K / Deepak, Janaki / Sachdeva, Ashutosh / Todd, Nevins W / Stass, Sanford A / Jiang, Feng

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences

2024

Abstract: Introduction: Lung cancer leads in cancer-related deaths. Disparities are observed in lung cancer rates, with African Americans (AAs) experiencing disproportionately higher incidence and mortality compared to other ethnic groups. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) ...

Abstract	Introduction: Lung cancer leads in cancer-related deaths. Disparities are observed in lung cancer rates, with African Americans (AAs) experiencing disproportionately higher incidence and mortality compared to other ethnic groups. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play crucial roles in lung tumorigenesis. Our objective was to identify ncRNA biomarkers associated with the racial disparity in lung cancer. Methods: Using droplet digital PCR, we examined 93 lung-cancer-associated ncRNAs in the plasma and sputum samples from AA and White American (WA) participants, which included 118 patients and 92 cancer-free smokers. Subsequently, we validated our results with a separate cohort comprising 56 cases and 72 controls. Results: In the AA population, plasma showed differential expression of ten ncRNAs, while sputum revealed four ncRNAs when comparing lung cancer patients to the control group. In the WA population, the plasma displayed eleven ncRNAs, and the sputum had five ncRNAs showing differential expression between the lung cancer patients and the control group. For AAs, we identified a three-ncRNA panel (plasma miRs-147b, 324-3p, 422a) diagnosing lung cancer in AAs with 86% sensitivity and 89% specificity. For WAs, a four-ncRNA panel was developed, comprising sputum miR-34a-5p and plasma miRs-103-3p, 126-3p, 205-5p, achieving 88% sensitivity and 87% specificity. These panels remained effective across different stages and histological types of lung tumors and were validated in the independent cohort. Conclusions: The ethnicity-related ncRNA signatures have promise as biomarkers to address the racial disparity in lung cancer.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Preprint
DOI	10.1101/2024.03.27.24304977
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Article ; Online: Macrophage derived Exosomal Docetaxel (Exo-DTX) for pro-metastasis suppression: QbD driven formulation development, validation, in-vitro and pharmacokinetic investigation.

Basak, Moumita / Narisepalli, Saibhargav / Salunkhe, Shubham A / Tiwari, Swasti / Chitkara, Deepak / Mittal, Anupama

European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V

2024 Volume 195, Page(s) 114175

Abstract: Exosomes, biogenic nano-vesicles, are renowned for their ability to encapsulate diverse payloads, however the systematic development and validation of exosomal formulation with significant biological implications have been overlooked. Herein, we ... ...

Abstract	Exosomes, biogenic nano-vesicles, are renowned for their ability to encapsulate diverse payloads, however the systematic development and validation of exosomal formulation with significant biological implications have been overlooked. Herein, we developed and validated Exo-DTX, a QbD-driven optimized RAW 264.7 cell derived exosomal anti-cancer formulation of docetaxel (DTX) and evaluate its anti-metastatic and apoptotic efficacy in TNBC 4T1 cells. RAW264.7-derived exosomes were having particle size (112.5 ± 21.48 nm) and zeta-potential (-10.268 ± 3.66 mV) with polydispersity (PDI:0.256 ± 0.03). The statistical optimization of exosomes (200 μg) with Exo: DTX ratio 4:1 confirmed encapsulation of 23.60 ± 1.54 ng DTX/ µg exosomes. Exo-DTX (∼189 nm, -11.03 mV) with 100 ng/ml DTX as payload exhibited ∼5 folds' improvement in IC
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Docetaxel/pharmacokinetics ; Caspase 3 ; Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms ; Macrophages ; Integrins ; Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacokinetics ; Cell Line, Tumor
Chemical Substances	Docetaxel (15H5577CQD) ; Caspase 3 (EC 3.4.22.-) ; Integrins ; Antineoplastic Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-06
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1065368-5
ISSN	1873-3441 ; 0939-6411
ISSN (online)	1873-3441
ISSN	0939-6411
DOI	10.1016/j.ejpb.2024.114175
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Article: Point-of-care contrast enhanced lung ultrasound and COVID-19.

Tee, Alice / Yusuf, Gibran Timothy / Wong, Adrian / Rao, Deepak / Tran, Sa / Sidhu, Paul S

Ultrasound (Leeds, England)

2021 Volume 30, Issue 3, Page(s) 201–208

Abstract: Objectives: Bedside lung ultrasound has been indispensable during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, allowing us to rapidly assess critically unwell patients. We demonstrate the unique application of contrast-enhanced ultrasound with the ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: Bedside lung ultrasound has been indispensable during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, allowing us to rapidly assess critically unwell patients. We demonstrate the unique application of contrast-enhanced ultrasound with the aim of further understanding this disease. Methods: Patient demographics were recorded alongside recent cross-sectional imaging and inflammatory markers. Ultrasound was conducted by experienced operators in a portable setting. Conventional six-point lung ultrasound method was used to evaluate B-lines, small (subpleural) consolidation and the pleura. Areas of small consolidation were targeted after intravenous administration of ultrasound contrast. Results: The areas of small consolidations, a potential sign of pneumonia on B-mode lung ultrasound, usually enhance on contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Our study revealed these areas to be avascular, indicating an underlying thrombotic/infarction process. Findings were present in 100% of the patients we examined. We have also shown that the degree of infarction correlates with CT severity (r = 0.4) and inflammatory markers, and that these areas improve as patients recover. Conclusions: We confirmed the theory of immune thrombus by identifying the presence of microthrombi in the lungs of 100% of our patients, despite 79% having had a recent negative CT pulmonary angiogram study. contrast-enhanced ultrasound can be utilised to add confidence to an uncertain COVID-19 diagnosis and for prognosticating and monitoring progress in confirmed COVID-19 patients. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound is clearly very different to CT, the gold standard, and while there are specific pathologies that can only be detected on CT, contrast-enhanced ultrasound has many advantages, most notability the ability to pick up microthrombi at the periphery of the lungs.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2298926-2
ISSN	1743-1344 ; 1742-271X
ISSN (online)	1743-1344
ISSN	1742-271X
DOI	10.1177/1742271X211047945
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