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Article ; Online: Glucose Regulates m

Bornaque, Florine / Delannoy, Clément Philippe / Courty, Emilie / Rabhi, Nabil / Carney, Charlène / Rolland, Laure / Moreno, Maeva / Gromada, Xavier / Bourouh, Cyril / Petit, Pauline / Durand, Emmanuelle / Pattou, François / Kerr-Conte, Julie / Froguel, Philippe / Bonnefond, Amélie / Oger, Frédérik / Annicotte, Jean-Sébastien

Cells

2022 Volume 11, Issue 2

Abstract: ... The epitranscriptome is characterized by reversible chemical changes in RNA, with one of the most prevalent being the m ...

Abstract	Type 2 diabetes is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia associated with impaired insulin action and secretion. Although the heritability of type 2 diabetes is high, the environment, including blood components, could play a major role in the development of the disease. Amongst environmental effects, epitranscriptomic modifications have been recently shown to affect gene expression and glucose homeostasis. The epitranscriptome is characterized by reversible chemical changes in RNA, with one of the most prevalent being the m
MeSH term(s)	Adenosine/analogs & derivatives ; Adenosine/metabolism ; AlkB Homolog 5, RNA Demethylase/genetics ; AlkB Homolog 5, RNA Demethylase/metabolism ; Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO/metabolism ; Animals ; Cell Line ; Down-Regulation/drug effects ; Glucose/metabolism ; Glucose/pharmacology ; Insulin Secretion/drug effects ; Insulin-Secreting Cells/drug effects ; Insulin-Secreting Cells/metabolism ; Islets of Langerhans/drug effects ; Islets of Langerhans/metabolism ; Methylation/drug effects ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Palmitates/pharmacology ; RNA/metabolism ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Palmitates ; RNA, Messenger ; RNA (63231-63-0) ; N-methyladenosine (CLE6G00625) ; AlkB Homolog 5, RNA Demethylase (EC 1.14.11.-) ; FTO protein, mouse (EC 1.14.11.-) ; Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO (EC 1.14.11.33) ; FTO protein, human (EC 1.14.11.33) ; Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2) ; Adenosine (K72T3FS567)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-15
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2661518-6
ISSN	2073-4409 ; 2073-4409
ISSN (online)	2073-4409
ISSN	2073-4409
DOI	10.3390/cells11020291
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: How Do You Identify m

Capitanchik, Charlotte / Toolan-Kerr, Patrick / Luscombe, Nicholas M / Ule, Jernej

Frontiers in genetics

2020 Volume 11, Page(s) 398

Abstract: A flurry of methods has been developed in recent years to identify N6-methyladenosine (m ...

Abstract	A flurry of methods has been developed in recent years to identify N6-methyladenosine (m
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-20
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2606823-0
ISSN	1664-8021
ISSN	1664-8021
DOI	10.3389/fgene.2020.00398
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Trust Me, I’m a Doctor

Ashley Elizabeth Kerr

Latin American Literary Review, Vol 47, Iss

Explorer-Anthropologists, Medicine, and Colonialism in Argentina, 1863-1881

2020 Volume 93

Abstract: Against the backdrop of political and military efforts to resolve the cuestión de indios in Argentina in the second half of the nineteenth century, Argentine and foreign explorers journeyed through Patagonia and the Pampas, studying indigenous ... ...

Abstract	Against the backdrop of political and military efforts to resolve the cuestión de indios in Argentina in the second half of the nineteenth century, Argentine and foreign explorers journeyed through Patagonia and the Pampas, studying indigenous communities and publishing their observations in hybrid travelogue-ethnographies. In most of these texts, the explorer-anthropologists narrate moments in which they diagnose, treat, and occasionally cure indigenous bodies, despite having little to no medical training. In this article, I argue that men such as Lucio V. Mansilla, Francisco P. Moreno, Estanislao S. Zeballos, Guillermo Cox, and George Chaworth Musters performed “civilized” medical care as a practical entrance into the communities they wished to study. Indeed, medicine made early anthropology on Argentine soil possible. At the same time, these men also used the discourse of medicine in general to construct gendered and racialized hierarchies. They repeatedly depict non-indigenous medicine as feminized, irrational, and ineffective in contrast to the scientific, civilized, and powerful medicine they practice, even though cracks in their narratives reveal more similarities than differences. In this way, both the practice of medicine by anthropologists and their textual representations of it served to reinforce colonial projects that expanded white, masculine power at the expense of indigenous peoples and women.
Keywords	anthropology ; medicine ; indigenous peoples ; exploration ; colonialism ; gender ; Latin America. Spanish America ; F1201-3799 ; Language and Literature ; P
Subject code	390
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Latin American Research Commons
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: My friends, I’m #SOTALLYTOBER

Mai-Ly N. Steers / Clayton Neighbors / Robert E. Wickham / Whitney E. Petit / Bradley Kerr / Megan A. Moreno

Digital Health, Vol

A longitudinal examination of college students’ drinking, friends’ approval of drinking, and Facebook alcohol-related posts

2019 Volume 5

Abstract: Background Literature has consistently shown a positive relationship between young adults’ social media alcohol-related posts and drinking outcomes; however, the reasons for this association and the psychosocial influences behind students’ posting of ... ...

Abstract	Background Literature has consistently shown a positive relationship between young adults’ social media alcohol-related posts and drinking outcomes; however, the reasons for this association and the psychosocial influences behind students’ posting of alcohol-related content are still unclear. Peer influences have been robustly shown to predict students’ drinking such that students’ perceptions of their friends’ drinking is positively associated with their own drinking. Objective Although research has demonstrated that online and offline peer influences are robust predictors of drinking among college students, perceptions of friends’ approval and students’ drinking in relation to alcohol-related posting have yet to be explored longitudinally. Methods The current multi-site, multi-method study examined students ( N =316; 58.7% female) from a Midwest (58.8%) and Northwest university over a 4-year period. All Facebook alcohol-related posts were coded each academic calendar year and perceived friends’ approval of drinking and students’ alcohol use were assessed annually. A lagged, random coefficients negative binomial model was specified to examine between- and within-person effects. Results After controlling for perceptions of friends’ alcohol-related posts, results revealed that time, drinking more, and perceiving friends as more approving of drinking were significantly and positively associated with posting alcohol-related content at the between-person level. Moreover, a significant interaction of Time X Drinking, with drinking at the between-person level, emerged such that heavier drinkers tended to post less often over time. Conclusions Increases in alcohol-related content posts are likely to over-inflate students’ drinking norms and their drinking. Thus, it is plausible that social media networks containing more alcohol-related content may contribute to cyclical increases in drinking for individuals within that network.
Keywords	Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ; R858-859.7
Subject code	150
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	SAGE Publishing
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Improved detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and M. bovis in African wildlife samples using cationic peptide decontamination and mycobacterial culture supplementation

Goosen, Wynand J. / Kleynhans, Léanie / Kerr, Tanya J. / van Helden, Paul D. / Buss, Peter / Warren, Robin M. / Miller, Michele A.

Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation. 2022 Jan., v. 34, no. 1

2022

Abstract: ... colony forming units (cfu) of M. bovis (SB0121) and M. tuberculosis (H37Rv) had no effect on isolate recovery ... in culture. In contrast, decontamination with MGIT MycoPrep resulted in no growth of M. bovis samples ... at concentrations < 1,000 cfu and M. tuberculosis samples < 100 cfu. Subsequently, we used the TiKa system ...

Abstract	In South Africa, mycobacterial culture is regarded as the gold standard for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) infection in wildlife even though it is regarded as “imperfect.” We compared a novel decontamination and mycobacterial culture technique (TiKa) to the conventional mycobacterium growth indicator tube (MGIT) system using known amounts of bacilli and clinical samples from MTBC-infected African buffaloes (Syncerus caffer), white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum), and African elephants (Loxodonta africana). Use of the TiKa-KiC decontamination agent on samples spiked with 10,000 to 10 colony forming units (cfu) of M. bovis (SB0121) and M. tuberculosis (H37Rv) had no effect on isolate recovery in culture. In contrast, decontamination with MGIT MycoPrep resulted in no growth of M. bovis samples at concentrations < 1,000 cfu and M. tuberculosis samples < 100 cfu. Subsequently, we used the TiKa system with stored clinical samples (various lymphatic tissues) collected from wildlife and paucibacillary bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, trunk washes, and endotracheal tube washes from 3 species with known MTBC infections. Overall, MTBC recovery by culture was improved significantly (p < 0.01) by using TiKa compared to conventional MGIT, with 54 of 57 positive specimens versus 25 of 57 positive specimens, respectively. The TiKa mycobacterial growth system appears to significantly enhance the recovery of MTBC members from tissue and paucibacillary respiratory samples collected from African buffaloes, African elephants, and white rhinoceros. Moreover, the TiKa system may improve success of MTBC culture from various sample types previously deemed unculturable from other species.
Keywords	Ceratotherium simum ; Loxodonta africana ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; Syncerus caffer ; decontamination ; peptides ; wildlife ; South Africa
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-01
Size	p. 61-67.
Publishing place	SAGE Publications
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	287603-6
ISSN	1943-4936 ; 1040-6387
ISSN (online)	1943-4936
ISSN	1040-6387
DOI	10.1177/10406387211044192
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Glucose Regulates m 6 A Methylation of RNA in Pancreatic Islets

Florine Bornaque / Clément Philippe Delannoy / Emilie Courty / Nabil Rabhi / Charlène Carney / Laure Rolland / Maeva Moreno / Xavier Gromada / Cyril Bourouh / Pauline Petit / Emmanuelle Durand / François Pattou / Julie Kerr-Conte / Philippe Froguel / Amélie Bonnefond / Frédérik Oger / Jean-Sébastien Annicotte

Cells, Vol 11, Iss 291, p

2022 Volume 291

Abstract: ... The epitranscriptome is characterized by reversible chemical changes in RNA, with one of the most prevalent being the m ... in blood glucose or blood free fatty acid concentrations, could induce changes in m 6 A methylation of RNAs ... in pancreatic β cells. Here we observe a significant decrease in m 6 A methylation upon high glucose ...

Abstract	Type 2 diabetes is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia associated with impaired insulin action and secretion. Although the heritability of type 2 diabetes is high, the environment, including blood components, could play a major role in the development of the disease. Amongst environmental effects, epitranscriptomic modifications have been recently shown to affect gene expression and glucose homeostasis. The epitranscriptome is characterized by reversible chemical changes in RNA, with one of the most prevalent being the m 6 A methylation of RNA. Since pancreatic β cells fine tune glucose levels and play a major role in type 2 diabetes physiopathology, we hypothesized that the environment, through variations in blood glucose or blood free fatty acid concentrations, could induce changes in m 6 A methylation of RNAs in pancreatic β cells. Here we observe a significant decrease in m 6 A methylation upon high glucose concentration, both in mice and human islets, associated with altered expression levels of m 6 A demethylases. In addition, the use of siRNA and/or specific inhibitors against selected m 6 A enzymes demonstrate that these enzymes modulate the expression of genes involved in pancreatic β-cell identity and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Our data suggest that environmental variations, such as glucose, control m 6 A methylation in pancreatic β cells, playing a key role in the control of gene expression and pancreatic β-cell functions. Our results highlight novel causes and new mechanisms potentially involved in type 2 diabetes physiopathology and may contribute to a better understanding of the etiology of this disease.
Keywords	epitranscriptome ; insulin secretion ; pancreatic beta cell ; type 2 diabetes ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The VetMAX™ M. tuberculosis complex PCR kit detects MTBC DNA in antemortem and postmortem samples from white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum), African elephants (Loxodonta africana) and African buffaloes (Syncerus caffer).

Goosen, Wynand J / Kerr, Tanya J / Kleynhans, Léanie / Buss, Peter / Cooper, David / Warren, Robin M / van Helden, Paul D / Schröder, Björn / Parsons, Sven D C / Miller, Michele A

BMC veterinary research

2020 Volume 16, Issue 1, Page(s) 220

Abstract: ... with M. bovis and M. tuberculosis have significant implications for wildlife species management ... from 48 African buffaloes and MTBC DNA was detected (test-positive) in all 26 M. bovis culture-confirmed ... African elephants confirmed to have M. bovis and M. tuberculosis infections (one each). Culture-confirmed ...

Abstract	Background: Bovine tuberculosis and tuberculosis are chronic infectious diseases caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex members, Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, respectively. Infection with M. bovis and M. tuberculosis have significant implications for wildlife species management, public health, veterinary disease control, and conservation endeavours. Results: Here we describe the first use of the VetMAX™ Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) DNA quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) detection kit for African wildlife samples. DNA was extracted from tissues harvested from 48 African buffaloes and MTBC DNA was detected (test-positive) in all 26 M. bovis culture-confirmed animals with an additional 12 PCR-positive results in culture-negative buffaloes (originating from an exposed population). Of six MTBC-infected African rhinoceros tested, MTBC DNA was detected in antemortem and postmortem samples from five animals. The PCR was also able to detect MTBC DNA in samples from two African elephants confirmed to have M. bovis and M. tuberculosis infections (one each). Culture-confirmed uninfected rhinoceros and elephants' samples tested negative in the PCR assay. Conclusions: These results suggest this new detection kit is a sensitive screening test for the detection of MTBC-infected African buffaloes, African elephants and white rhinoceros.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Buffaloes/microbiology ; DNA/analysis ; Elephants/microbiology ; Mycobacterium bovis/genetics ; Mycobacterium bovis/isolation & purification ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/genetics ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/isolation & purification ; Perissodactyla/microbiology ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary ; Tuberculosis/diagnosis ; Tuberculosis/microbiology ; Tuberculosis/veterinary
Chemical Substances	DNA (9007-49-2)
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-29
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2191675-5
ISSN	1746-6148 ; 1746-6148
ISSN (online)	1746-6148
ISSN	1746-6148
DOI	10.1186/s12917-020-02438-9
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Interview with Colonel Gerald M

Grunwald, E. / Kerr, M.

Medical corps international forum

2016 Volume -, Issue 1, Page(s) 4

Language	English
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2489763-2
ISSN	0179-1826
Database	Current Contents Medicine

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Article: Predictors of 1000-m outrigger canoeing performance.

Kerr, R M / Spinks, W / Leicht, A S / Sinclair, W

International journal of sports medicine

2008 Volume 29, Issue 8, Page(s) 675–678

Abstract: ... oxygen consumption and 1000-m time trial performance of female outrigger canoeists.: Procedures: Female outrigger ... canoeists (n = 17) completed anthropometric profiling and a 1000-m outrigger ergometer time trial, during ... progressive split times were highly correlated (r > 0.80) to 1000-m performance. Arm girths, humerus breadth ...

Abstract	Unlabelled: This study examined the relationships between body composition, peak oxygen consumption and 1000-m time trial performance of female outrigger canoeists. Procedures: Female outrigger canoeists (n = 17) completed anthropometric profiling and a 1000-m outrigger ergometer time trial, during which expired air was measured continuously and analysed at 15-s intervals for determination of peak oxygen consumption. Heart rate, stroke rate and power output were also recorded at 15-s intervals. Blood lactate was measured immediately and at 3-, 5- and 7-min post-exercise. Mean power output, peak power output and progressive split times were highly correlated (r > 0.80) to 1000-m performance. Arm girths, humerus breadth, mesomorphy, peak oxygen consumption, ventilation, mean heart rate and peak lactate were moderately correlated (r > 0.50) to 1000-m performance. Stepwise multiple regression analysis verified that mean power output and to a lesser extent flexed arm girth, humerus breadth, waist girth and sitting height can predict 1000-m performance. Enhanced 1000-m performance of female outrigger canoeists appears to be achieved through a combination of greater power production and maintenance, a muscular stature and to a lesser extent, a higher aerobic capacity. These characteristics should be considered when selecting crews.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Athletic Performance ; Exercise/physiology ; Exercise Test/methods ; Female ; Humans ; Oxygen Consumption/physiology ; Physical Fitness/physiology ; Pulmonary Ventilation/physiology ; Queensland ; Regression Analysis ; Ships ; Sports/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2008-08
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	603122-5
ISSN	1439-3964 ; 0172-4622 ; 0943-917X
ISSN (online)	1439-3964
ISSN	0172-4622 ; 0943-917X
DOI	10.1055/s-2007-989406
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Zs.A 1561: Show issues

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Article ; Online: The VetMAX™ M. tuberculosis complex PCR kit detects MTBC DNA in antemortem and postmortem samples from white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum), African elephants (Loxodonta africana) and African buffaloes (Syncerus caffer)

Wynand J. Goosen / Tanya J. Kerr / Léanie Kleynhans / Peter Buss / David Cooper / Robin M. Warren / Paul D. van Helden / Björn Schröder / Sven D. C. Parsons / Michele A. Miller

BMC Veterinary Research, Vol 16, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2020 Volume 6

Abstract: ... with M. bovis and M. tuberculosis have significant implications for wildlife species management ... African buffaloes and MTBC DNA was detected (test-positive) in all 26 M. bovis culture-confirmed animals ... confirmed to have M. bovis and M. tuberculosis infections (one each). Culture-confirmed uninfected ...

Abstract	Abstract Background Bovine tuberculosis and tuberculosis are chronic infectious diseases caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex members, Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, respectively. Infection with M. bovis and M. tuberculosis have significant implications for wildlife species management, public health, veterinary disease control, and conservation endeavours. Results Here we describe the first use of the VetMAX™ Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) DNA quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) detection kit for African wildlife samples. DNA was extracted from tissues harvested from 48 African buffaloes and MTBC DNA was detected (test-positive) in all 26 M. bovis culture-confirmed animals with an additional 12 PCR-positive results in culture-negative buffaloes (originating from an exposed population). Of six MTBC-infected African rhinoceros tested, MTBC DNA was detected in antemortem and postmortem samples from five animals. The PCR was also able to detect MTBC DNA in samples from two African elephants confirmed to have M. bovis and M. tuberculosis infections (one each). Culture-confirmed uninfected rhinoceros and elephants’ samples tested negative in the PCR assay. Conclusions These results suggest this new detection kit is a sensitive screening test for the detection of MTBC-infected African buffaloes, African elephants and white rhinoceros.
Keywords	African buffaloes ; African elephants ; Mycobacterium bovis ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; PCR ; VetMAX™ MTBC detection kit qPCR ; white rhinoceros ; Veterinary medicine ; SF600-1100
Subject code	630
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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