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Article ; Online: Simple and Efficient Acceptor-Donor-Acceptor-Type Non-fullerene Acceptors for a BODIPY-Thiophene-Backboned Polymer Donor for High-Performance Indoor Photovoltaics.

Rajagopalan, Raman / Shankar S, Shyam / Balasubramaniyan, Natarajan / Sharma, Ganesh D

ACS applied materials & interfaces

2023 Volume 15, Issue 10, Page(s) 13405–13414

Abstract: Herein, simple acceptor-donor-acceptor (A-D-A)-type small molecules denoted as DICTF and DRCTF with modification in terminal units were synthesized and used as electron acceptors. With the tuning of the electron-withdrawing units in electron acceptors, ... ...

Abstract	Herein, simple acceptor-donor-acceptor (A-D-A)-type small molecules denoted as DICTF and DRCTF with modification in terminal units were synthesized and used as electron acceptors. With the tuning of the electron-withdrawing units in electron acceptors, their photovoltaic properties were investigated when combined with low-band-gap BODIPY-thiophene-backboned donor material, named P(BdP-HT). The P(BdP-HT):DICTF-based organic solar cells (OSCs) displayed excellent efficiency of around 11.94%, which is superior to the P(BdP-HT):DRCTF counterpart (8.78%). Although the open-circuit voltage (
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1944-8252
ISSN (online)	1944-8252
DOI	10.1021/acsami.2c23048
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Recent trends in pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Natarajan, Rajagopalan

Lung India : official organ of Indian Chest Society

2011 Volume 28, Issue 1, Page(s) 39–48

Abstract: Pulmonary hypertension is a serious and unrelenting pulmonary vascular disorder that affects the functional quality of patients and significantly decreases their life span. If diagnosed early, with the number of new therapeutic options that are available, ...

Abstract	Pulmonary hypertension is a serious and unrelenting pulmonary vascular disorder that affects the functional quality of patients and significantly decreases their life span. If diagnosed early, with the number of new therapeutic options that are available, a better quality of life can be provided for a protracted length of time. It is likely that the available treatment will change the natural course of the disease and perhaps prolong survival. As symptoms are often subtle in the early stages of the disease it is imperative that physicians are aware of the manifestations of this condition. A thorough investigation of patients suspected of this condition is essential so that appropriate treatment can be initiated promptly. The routine workup of a patient suspected to have pulmonary hypertension could easily be carried out in any well-equipped peripheral hospital in many affluent and advanced countries. However, it must be mentioned that in some less advanced countries the necessary work up can only be done in major teaching hospitals. Both pulmonologists and cardiologists should be aware of the pathophysiology of pulmonary arterial hypertension, the workup and the treatment options that are available. Patients with refractory pulmonary hypertension should be referred to these research centers for enrolment into any ongoing drug trials as well as for evaluation for heart-lung, single lung, or double lung transplantation. This paper is primarily aimed at pulmonologists and cardiologists taking care of these patients. Unless indicated otherwise this paper mainly deals with WHO group 1 pulmonary hypertension which is designated pulmonary arterial hypertension. Extensive review of the literature spanning the last 30 years was made through Medline using titles such as primary pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary arterial hypertension, secondary pulmonary hypertension, and pulmonary vascular diseases.
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-06-09
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2410801-7
ISSN	0974-598X ; 0974-598X
ISSN (online)	0974-598X
ISSN	0974-598X
DOI	10.4103/0970-2113.76300
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Article: Daptomycin-induced Acute Eosinophilic Pneumonia.

Kumar, Sundeep / Acosta-Sanchez, Israel / Rajagopalan, Natarajan

Cureus

2018 Volume 10, Issue 6, Page(s) e2899

Abstract: Acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP) is a rare entity, often resulting in respiratory failure and the attended mortality. Daptomycin-induced AEP results from immune-mediated pulmonary epithelial cell injury. A 65-year-old male on treatment with intravenous ...

Abstract	Acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP) is a rare entity, often resulting in respiratory failure and the attended mortality. Daptomycin-induced AEP results from immune-mediated pulmonary epithelial cell injury. A 65-year-old male on treatment with intravenous daptomycin for three weeks came to the hospital for worsening dyspnea and acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. Computerized tomography (CT) of the chest was done, revealing bilateral pulmonary infiltrates. He underwent bronchoscopy that showed predominant pulmonary eosinophilia. The bacterial, fungal, viral, and mycobacterial cultures were all negative. Daptomycin was discontinued, and the patient was started on steroid therapy. He received a two-week course of steroids with a rapid taper, attaining complete recovery with a near-complete resolution of pulmonary infiltrates. A shorter course of steroid therapy should be sufficient to treat a case, as indicated in our case. Commonly used diagnostic criteria for AEP using more than 25% of pulmonary eosinophilia should be tailored to patient-related factors.
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-06-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.2899
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Article ; Online: Recent trends in pulmonary arterial hypertension

Rajagopalan Natarajan

Lung India, Vol 28, Iss 1, Pp 39-

2011 Volume 48

Abstract	Pulmonary hypertension is a serious and unrelenting pulmonary vascular disorder that affects the functional quality of patients and significantly decreases their life span. If diagnosed early, with the number of new therapeutic options that are available, a better quality of life can be provided for a protracted length of time. It is likely that the available treatment will change the natural course of the disease and perhaps prolong survival. As symptoms are often subtle in the early stages of the disease it is imperative that physicians are aware of the manifestations of this condition. A thorough investigation of patients suspected of this condition is essential so that appropriate treatment can be initiated promptly. The routine workup of a patient suspected to have pulmonary hypertension could easily be carried out in any well-equipped peripheral hospital in many affluent and advanced countries. However, it must be mentioned that in some less advanced countries the necessary work up can only be done in major teaching hospitals. Both pulmonologists and cardiologists should be aware of the pathophysiology of pulmonary arterial hypertension, the workup and the treatment options that are available. Patients with refractory pulmonary hypertension should be referred to these research centers for enrolment into any ongoing drug trials as well as for evaluation for heart−lung, single lung, or double lung transplantation. This paper is primarily aimed at pulmonologists and cardiologists taking care of these patients. Unless indicated otherwise this paper mainly deals with WHO group 1 pulmonary hypertension which is designated pulmonary arterial hypertension. Extensive review of the literature spanning the last 30 years was made through Medline using titles such as primary pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary arterial hypertension, secondary pulmonary hypertension, and pulmonary vascular diseases.
Keywords	Idiopathic pulmonary hypertension ; primary pulmonary hypertension pulmonary arterial hypertension ; pulmonary hypertension ; pulmonary vascular diseases ; secondary pulmonary hypertension ; Diseases of the respiratory system ; RC705-779 ; Specialties of internal medicine ; RC581-951 ; Internal medicine ; RC31-1245 ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Medknow Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: How does context influence arm use after stroke? A qualitative content analysis among rural community-dwelling stroke survivors.

Rajagopalan, Vasanthan / Natarajan, Manikandan / Alex, Johnson / Solomon, John M

Brazilian journal of physical therapy

2018 Volume 24, Issue 1, Page(s) 61–68

Abstract: Objective: To explore the personal and environmental contextual factors that influence use of affected arm for function among stroke survivors.: Methods: We conducted a qualitative phenomenological study using an interpretivist paradigm among 23 ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To explore the personal and environmental contextual factors that influence use of affected arm for function among stroke survivors. Methods: We conducted a qualitative phenomenological study using an interpretivist paradigm among 23 stroke survivors in their late sub-acute and chronic stages and their relatives living in the rural regions of India using maximum variation sampling. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to identify personal and environmental contextual factors relevant to arm use. Their current level of arm use, motor and functional ability were evaluated using Motor Activity Log, AbilHand and Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living scales and the scores were categorized in order to describe and compare the participant's characteristics before analyzing each interview. Differences among the contextual factors of participants with high and low levels of functional arm use and exercise using paretic limb were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results: Study participants followed active exercises or passive interventions to improve their arm. Their immediate social environment influenced these decisions. Lack of awareness on how to self-engage or scale down their physical environment to match their abilities demoted active functional task performance. Ability to perceive small gains in arm function helped them sustain their efforts. Conclusion: Context influences arm use. Addressing contextual determinants influencing arm use such as facilitating understanding about the need for active functional task engagement; identifying and addressing factors moderating motivation to sustain functional task practice and enriching objects to match their movement abilities can increase arm use and promote upper limb recovery.
MeSH term(s)	Activities of Daily Living ; Exercise ; Humans ; Independent Living ; India ; Motivation ; Movement ; Paresis/physiopathology ; Stroke/physiopathology ; Stroke Rehabilitation/methods ; Survivors ; Task Performance and Analysis ; Upper Extremity/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-11-22
Publishing country	Brazil
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2252917-2
ISSN	1809-9246 ; 1809-9246
ISSN (online)	1809-9246
ISSN	1809-9246
DOI	10.1016/j.bjpt.2018.11.008
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Article ; Online: Effectiveness of a multifactorial context-enhancing functional therapy to promote functional arm use and recovery of stroke survivors: study protocol for a clinical trial.

Rajagopalan, Vasanthan / Natarajan, Manikandan / Gorthi, Sankar Prasad / Padickaparambil, Sebastian / Solomon, John M

BMJ open

2019 Volume 9, Issue 9, Page(s) e023963

Abstract: Introduction: After a stroke, 55% of survivors do not regain the ability to completely use their arm in daily life functioning. Currently, evidence-based guidelines recommend functional training for improving the affected hand after stroke. However, ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: After a stroke, 55% of survivors do not regain the ability to completely use their arm in daily life functioning. Currently, evidence-based guidelines recommend functional training for improving the affected hand after stroke. However, promoting an optimal quantity and quality of functional training is influenced by personal and environmental contextual factors. Studies that comprehensively target multiple factors regulating arm use are limited. This study compares the effects of functional training to multifactorial context-enhancing functional training program for improving functional arm use and recovery after stroke. Methods and analysis: This is a protocol for an observer-blinded, two parallel groups, randomised controlled trial. A total of 126 community-dwelling subacute and chronic stroke survivors will be included in the study. A tailor-made multifactorial context-enhancing intervention-incorporating education, environmental enrichment and behaviour change techniques to reinforce functional training will be provided to the experimental group. The functional training group will be provided with functional exercises. The intervention will be delivered for 2 months. The primary outcomes of functional arm use and recovery will be measured using Motor Activity Log, Goal Attainment Scale and Rating of Everyday Arm-use in the Community and Home scale. The secondary outcomes of arm motor impairment and function will be measured using Fugl-Meyer upper limb score, Action Research Arm Test, ABILHAND questionnaire and Stroke Impact Scale. These will be measured at three points in time: before, after 2 months and after 1-month follow-up. The outcome measures will be analysed using one-way analysis of variance and regression analysis will be performed to identify factors limiting optimal task practice. Ethics and dissemination: The study has been approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of Kasturba Hospital, Manipal, India. Participants will sign a written informed consent prior to participation. The results will be published on completion of the trial and communicated to community-dwelling stroke survivors. Trial registration number: CTRI/2017/10/010108.
MeSH term(s)	Activities of Daily Living ; Double-Blind Method ; Exercise Therapy/standards ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Observational Studies as Topic ; Paresis/etiology ; Paresis/rehabilitation ; Quality of Life ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Recovery of Function ; Stroke/complications ; Stroke/therapy ; Stroke Rehabilitation/standards ; Survivors ; Upper Extremity/physiopathology
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-09-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Clinical Trial Protocol ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2747269-3
ISSN	2044-6055 ; 2044-6055 ; 2053-3624
ISSN (online)	2044-6055
ISSN	2044-6055 ; 2053-3624
DOI	10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023963
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Article ; Online: Noncoding RNAs in Cardiovascular Disease: Pathological Relevance and Emerging Role as Biomarkers and Therapeutics.

Gangwar, Roopesh S / Rajagopalan, Sanjay / Natarajan, Rama / Deiuliis, Jeffrey A

American journal of hypertension

2017 Volume 31, Issue 2, Page(s) 150–165

Abstract: Noncoding RNAs (ncRNA) include a diverse range of functional RNA species-microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) being most studied in pathophysiology. Cardiovascular morbidity is associated with differential expression of myriad miRNAs; miR- ...

Abstract	Noncoding RNAs (ncRNA) include a diverse range of functional RNA species-microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) being most studied in pathophysiology. Cardiovascular morbidity is associated with differential expression of myriad miRNAs; miR-21, miR-155, miR-126, miR-146a/b, miR-143/145, miR-223, and miR-221 are the top 9 most reported miRNAs in hypertension and atherosclerotic disease. A single miRNA may have hundreds of messenger RNA targets, which makes a full appreciation of the physiologic ramifications of such broad-ranging effects a challenge. miR-21 is the most prominent ncRNA associated with hypertension and atherosclerotic disease due to its role as a "mechano-miR", responding to arterial shear stresses. "Immuno-miRs", such as miR-155 and miR-223, affect cardiovascular disease (CVD) via regulation of hematopoietic cell differentiation, chemotaxis, and activation in response to many pro-atherogenic stimuli. "Myo-miRs", such as miR-1 and miR-133, affect cardiac muscle plasticity and remodeling in response to mechanical overload. This in-depth review analyzes observational and experimental reports of ncRNAs in CVD, including future applications of ncRNA-based strategies in diagnosis, prediction (e.g., survival and response to small molecule therapy), and biologic therapy.
MeSH term(s)	Cardiovascular Diseases/genetics ; Cardiovascular Diseases/therapy ; Humans ; MicroRNAs/classification ; Molecular Targeted Therapy ; RNA, Untranslated
Chemical Substances	MicroRNAs ; RNA, Untranslated
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-11-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Review
ZDB-ID	639383-4
ISSN	1941-7225 ; 1879-1905 ; 0895-7061
ISSN (online)	1941-7225 ; 1879-1905
ISSN	0895-7061
DOI	10.1093/ajh/hpx197
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Article: Gangliocapsular Bleed with Ipsilateral Internal Carotid Artery Aplasia.

Mookan, Senthil Kumar / Sundaram, Senthilnathan / Rajagopalan, Natarajan

Polish journal of radiology

2015 Volume 80, Page(s) 398–400

Abstract: Background: Agenesis requires an extensive work-up as a number of associated other vascular and nonvascular anomalies can be expected. In this scenario, an associated ipsilateral basal ganglia bleeding with subarachnoid haemorrhage with no aetiology is ... ...

Abstract	Background: Agenesis requires an extensive work-up as a number of associated other vascular and nonvascular anomalies can be expected. In this scenario, an associated ipsilateral basal ganglia bleeding with subarachnoid haemorrhage with no aetiology is uncommon. We present such a case of moderate ipsilateral ganglio-capsular bleed of unknown cause with associate aortic arch vessel anomaly. Case report: A 45-year-old diabetic man of Indian origin with complaints of a sudden onset of giddiness, left-sided weakness and slurring of speech. Motor system examination revealed power of grade 2. Computed tomography scan revealed a moderate bleeding in the basal ganglia and the right temporo-parietal lobe. Angiography revealed unilateral aplasia of the internal carotid artery. Patient improved symptomatically with a motor system power of grade 4 after hematoma evacuation and treatment with antibiotics, anti-edema measures and neuroprotective drugs. Conclusions: Developmental anomalies of the carotid and aortic arch with intracranial bleeding is a rare occurrence and any arterial anomaly requires extensive evaluation.
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-08-25
Publishing country	Poland
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2675143-4
ISSN	1899-0967 ; 1733-134X
ISSN (online)	1899-0967
ISSN	1733-134X
DOI	10.12659/PJR.894337
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Article ; Online: Aspergillus and mucormycosis presenting with normal chest X-ray in an immunocompromised host.

Gupta, Vipin / Rajagopalan, Natarajan / Patil, Mahantesh / Shivaprasad, C

BMJ case reports

2014 Volume 2014

Abstract: Invasive aspergillus and mucormycosis infection are not uncommon in immunocompromised individuals. Endobronchial fungal infections have been reported in the literature, especially in patient's with diabetes complicated by diabetic ketoacidosis, but end ... ...

Abstract	Invasive aspergillus and mucormycosis infection are not uncommon in immunocompromised individuals. Endobronchial fungal infections have been reported in the literature, especially in patient's with diabetes complicated by diabetic ketoacidosis, but end bronchial coinfection with aspergillus and mucormycosis without pulmonary involvement has not been described in the literature. We report the case of a woman with diabetes who presented with gastrointestinal symptoms, ketoacidosis and respiratory distress, with an apparently normal chest X-ray. Investigations revealed a cavitatory lesion in the left lower lobe of the lungs on CT scan. Bronchoscopy revealed intense mucosal oedema and whitish plaques at the lower end of the trachea and right main stem bronchus with a normal left bronchial tree. Microbiological and pathological results confirmed aspergillus and mucormycosis. Despite aggressive medical management, the patient deteriorated and died of respiratory failure. Strong suspicion of invasive fungal infections in immunocompromised patients with respiratory failure and minimal chest infiltrates, early fibreoptic bronchoscopy and early aggressive treatment is crucial for the patient's survival.
MeSH term(s)	Aspergillus ; Bronchi/microbiology ; Bronchi/pathology ; Bronchoscopy ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications ; Diabetic Ketoacidosis/complications ; Female ; Humans ; Immunocompromised Host ; Lung/diagnostic imaging ; Lung Diseases, Fungal/diagnosis ; Lung Diseases, Fungal/microbiology ; Lung Diseases, Fungal/pathology ; Middle Aged ; Mucormycosis/diagnosis ; Mucormycosis/microbiology ; Mucormycosis/pathology ; Respiratory Insufficiency/diagnosis ; Respiratory Insufficiency/etiology ; Respiratory Insufficiency/microbiology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Trachea/microbiology ; Trachea/pathology ; X-Rays
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-04-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ISSN	1757-790X
ISSN (online)	1757-790X
DOI	10.1136/bcr-2014-204022
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Article: Spontaneous Chest Wall Interstitial Emphysema Secondary to Chronic Empyema Thoracis.

Bhat, Venkatraman S / Poojaramuddanahalli, Manjunath / Rajagopalan, Natarajan / Gadabanahalli, Karthik

Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR

2015 Volume 9, Issue 6, Page(s) TD05–6

Abstract: Spontaneous extension of air from the pleural space to the chest wall, also referred to as pneumothorax necessitans (PN), is a rare occurrence. Few of such cases have been reported in the literature, some appear to have a pattern of extension from ... ...

Abstract	Spontaneous extension of air from the pleural space to the chest wall, also referred to as pneumothorax necessitans (PN), is a rare occurrence. Few of such cases have been reported in the literature, some appear to have a pattern of extension from pleural cavity to chest wall. Clinical conditions known to predispose to this complication are pneumothorax, empyema thoracis and tuberculosis of the pleural space or rib. We report a case of PN arising as complication of postpneumonectomy empyema (PPE) secondary to broncho-pleural fistula. Imaging features are highlighted emphasizing the likely pattern of spread.
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-06-01
Publishing country	India
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2775283-5
ISSN	0973-709X ; 2249-782X
ISSN (online)	0973-709X
ISSN	2249-782X
DOI	10.7860/JCDR/2015/12846.6082
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