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Article ; Online: Association of Playground "Playability" With Physical Activity and Energy Expenditure.

Gustat, Jeanette / Anderson, Christopher E / Slater, Sandy J

2023 Volume 20, Page(s) E33

Abstract: Introduction: Children's physical activity, especially play, is important for healthy physical, social, and psychological development. Playgrounds are public spaces for children, but not all playgrounds are conducive to play and physical activity. We ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Children's physical activity, especially play, is important for healthy physical, social, and psychological development. Playgrounds are public spaces for children, but not all playgrounds are conducive to play and physical activity. We examined "playability," the ability of a space to promote active play, and associations with moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and energy expenditure. Methods: This cross-sectional study assessed playground features with the Play Space Audit Tool; we calculated playability scores from audit data, overall and by domain (general amenities, surface, path, and play structure), from playgrounds in 70 parks in Chicago, Illinois, in 2017. We observed 2,712 individuals during the audits and used the System for Observing Play and Recreation in Communities tool to assess MVPA and energy expenditure. We used generalized estimating equation negative binomial regression to calculate incidence rate ratios for MVPA and mixed effects models to calculate energy expenditure (in kcal/kg/min) associated with playability scores. Results: General amenities and play structure scores were associated with 1.28 (95% CI, 1.08-1.52) and 1.15 (95% CI, 1.00-1.31) times as many individuals (any age) engaged in MVPA, respectively. The general amenities score was significantly associated with 0.51 (95% CI, 0.24-0.79) and 0.42 (95% CI, 0.15-0.68) higher energy expenditure in renovated playgrounds and in all playgrounds, respectively. Conclusion: Overall, general amenities and play structure scores were associated with MVPA and were robust to adjustment for weather, neighborhood socioeconomic characteristics, and crime. These playground playability indices may strengthen future evaluations of community infrastructure for children's physical activity.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Exercise/psychology ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Chicago ; Residence Characteristics ; Play and Playthings
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2135684-1
ISSN	1545-1151 ; 1545-1151
ISSN (online)	1545-1151
ISSN	1545-1151
DOI	10.5888/pcd20.220247
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Stopping the Spread of the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Case for Using Pharmacists, Pharmacy Interns, and Pharmacy Technicians as Contact Tracers.

Kostrzewa, Audrey B / Slater, Sandy J

American journal of public health

2020 Volume 110, Issue 11, Page(s) 1653–1655

MeSH term(s)	Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Contact Tracing/methods ; Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control ; Coronavirus Infections/transmission ; Disease Transmission, Infectious/prevention & control ; Education, Pharmacy ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Pharmacists ; Pharmacy Technicians/education ; Pneumonia, Viral/prevention & control ; Pneumonia, Viral/transmission ; Professional Role ; SARS-CoV-2
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	121100-6
ISSN	1541-0048 ; 0090-0036 ; 0002-9572
ISSN (online)	1541-0048
ISSN	0090-0036 ; 0002-9572
DOI	10.2105/AJPH.2020.305929
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Article ; Online: Recommendations for Keeping Parks and Green Space Accessible for Mental and Physical Health During COVID-19 and Other Pandemics.

Slater, Sandy J / Christiana, Richard W / Gustat, Jeanette

Preventing chronic disease

2020 Volume 17, Page(s) E59

Abstract: The importance of engaging in any type of physical activity regularly, for both physical and mental health, is well established, and may be particularly beneficial in protecting the body and limiting the damage caused by the coronavirus disease 2019 ( ... ...

Abstract	The importance of engaging in any type of physical activity regularly, for both physical and mental health, is well established, and may be particularly beneficial in protecting the body and limiting the damage caused by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Exposure to nature or green space also has positive physical and mental health benefits. Closures of parks and green spaces during the COVID-19 pandemic has limited the options for physical activity and may affect vulnerable populations more than others. We provide both short-term and long-term recommendations to encourage access to green space for people while allowing for physical distancing.
MeSH term(s)	Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Coronavirus Infections/psychology ; Global Health ; Health Policy ; Humans ; Mental Health ; Pandemics ; Parks, Recreational ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; Pneumonia, Viral/psychology ; Public Health ; SARS-CoV-2
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2135684-1
ISSN	1545-1151 ; 1545-1151
ISSN (online)	1545-1151
ISSN	1545-1151
DOI	10.5888/pcd17.200204
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Article ; Online: Development and Testing of a Brief Play Space Audit Tool.

Gustat, Jeanette / Anderson, Christopher E / Slater, Sandy J

Journal of physical activity & health

2020 Volume 17, Issue 1, Page(s) 13–20

Abstract: Background: Spaces that promote play are important for the physical, social, and psychological growth of children. Public spaces, including playgrounds, provide an important venue for children to engage in play. A simple tool is needed to evaluate ... ...

Abstract	Background: Spaces that promote play are important for the physical, social, and psychological growth of children. Public spaces, including playgrounds, provide an important venue for children to engage in play. A simple tool is needed to evaluate playground features and conditions. Methods: A simple play space audit instrument to assess the presence and condition of playground features was tested on a sample of 70 playgrounds during the summer of 2017, in Chicago, IL. Duplicate observations were collected on 17 playgrounds. Frequencies of features were tabulated, and reliability of variables was assessed using percent agreement and kappa statistic. Scores were created to summarize playground "playability," overall and within domains of general overview, surface, path, and play equipment/structure features. Results: The tool demonstrated acceptable reliability with high kappa values between .79 and .90 for all items in domains. The overall score, general overview score, and play equipment/structure scores were correlated with mean playground usage. Conclusions: This brief instrument allows reliable assessment of playground features and their conditions. The scoring method generates a summary of playground conditions and features, which facilitates comparison of playgrounds. This tool has the potential to assist communities in evaluating their play spaces and identifying where to focus resources for improvements.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Child ; Exercise/psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Play and Playthings/psychology ; Reproducibility of Results
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
ISSN	1543-5474
ISSN (online)	1543-5474
DOI	10.1123/jpah.2018-0686
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Article ; Online: Examining the Implementation of Activity-Friendly Zoning and Land Use Policies Through the Use of Google Street View Measures: A Pilot Study.

Slater, Sandy J / Leider, Julien / Chriqui, Jamie F

Journal of public health management and practice : JPHMP

2020 Volume 28, Issue 1, Page(s) E127–E136

Abstract: Introduction: Pedestrian-oriented zoning and land use policies are being used by local jurisdictions as tools to implement population-level built environmental changes to create more walkable communities. There is a paucity of evidence examining whether ...

Abstract	Introduction: Pedestrian-oriented zoning and land use policies are being used by local jurisdictions as tools to implement population-level built environmental changes to create more walkable communities. There is a paucity of evidence examining whether these policies lead to actual changes in the built environment. We used Google Street View (GSV), an established, less expensive, alternative built environment data collection method, to conduct an exploratory pilot study of 19 jurisdictions to examine associations between variations in the presence of these adopted zoning policies and their corresponding specific street-level built environment features. Methods: Samples of 10 large and 9 small jurisdictions (18 municipalities and 1 county) were purposively selected on the basis of the presence of activity-friendly zoning policy provisions (sidewalks, crosswalks, bike-pedestrian connectivity, street connectivity, trails/paths, bike lanes, bike parking, and other items). Corresponding activity-friendly street-level built environment measures were constructed using GSV. Street segments in these jurisdictions were sampled using ArcGIS and stratified by type (residential and arterial) and income (high, medium, and low). Results: A total of 4363 street segments were audited across the 19 sampled jurisdictions. Results show significant differences in the presence of activity-friendly street features when the corresponding zoning policy element was addressed in New Urbanist zones/districts in the site's zoning code (eg, crosswalks, 24.48% vs 16.18%; and bike lanes, 12.60% vs 7.14%). Street segments in the middle- and high-income block groups were less likely to have activity-friendly features than low-income segments, except bike lanes. Conclusions: Results show that having activity-friendly policy provisions embedded in a jurisdiction's (municipality/county) zoning codes was associated with a greater presence of the corresponding built environmental street feature on the ground. Results suggest that the methods tested in this article may be a useful policy tool for local governments to identify high need areas that should be prioritized for built environment improvements.
MeSH term(s)	City Planning ; Environment Design ; Humans ; Pilot Projects ; Policy ; Residence Characteristics ; Search Engine
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2027860-3
ISSN	1550-5022 ; 1078-4659
ISSN (online)	1550-5022
ISSN	1078-4659
DOI	10.1097/PHH.0000000000001176
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Article ; Online: Encouraging "Active Learning": Assessing Implementation of Head Start's Physical Activity Requirements Within the Teaching and Learning Environment.

Slater, Sandy J / Sanghera, Anmol / Herrera, Yadira / Chriqui, Jamie F

Journal of physical activity & health

2020 Volume 17, Issue 11, Page(s) 1109–1117

Abstract: Background: Head Start serves over 1 million diverse low-income preschool children and is an ideal setting for developing and implementing obesity prevention efforts, which is expected to have positive impacts on behavior as youth age. This study ... ...

Abstract	Background: Head Start serves over 1 million diverse low-income preschool children and is an ideal setting for developing and implementing obesity prevention efforts, which is expected to have positive impacts on behavior as youth age. This study examined how regional- and state-level Head Start offices have supported implementation of the recently updated physical activity (PA) requirement within the teaching and learning environment Head Start Program Performance Standard (1302.31). Methods: Key informant telephone interviews were conducted with 8 regional- and 36 state-level Head Start representatives. Interviews were recorded and professionally transcribed. Data were coded and analyzed using constant comparative methods in ATLAS.ti (version 8). Audit trails were maintained, and disagreements in codes were discussed and resolved among coders. Results: The following 3 overarching themes emerged: communication, resources and technical assistance, and challenges. Results showed variation in respondent knowledge regarding the Standards. Although regional contacts provide technical assistance, state-level contacts have many information sharing strategies for programs. Implementation challenges included the need for frequent professional development opportunities given staff turnover and low PA competency, and additional PA curricula. Conclusion: Findings can help identify existing or potential strategies that could be adopted more widely or developed to assist Head Start programs incorporate PA into daily activities.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Child, Preschool ; Curriculum ; Exercise ; Humans
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1543-5474
ISSN (online)	1543-5474
DOI	10.1123/jpah.2019-0566
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Article: Recommendations for Keeping Parks and Green Space Accessible for Mental and Physical Health During COVID-19 and Other Pandemics

Slater, Sandy J / Christiana, Richard W / Gustat, Jeanette

Prev Chronic Dis

Abstract	The importance of engaging in any type of physical activity regularly, for both physical and mental health, is well established, and may be particularly beneficial in protecting the body and limiting the damage caused by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Exposure to nature or green space also has positive physical and mental health benefits. Closures of parks and green spaces during the COVID-19 pandemic has limited the options for physical activity and may affect vulnerable populations more than others. We provide both short-term and long-term recommendations to encourage access to green space for people while allowing for physical distancing.
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #640095
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: Active living-oriented zoning codes and cardiometabolic conditions across the lifespan.

Zenk, Shannon N / Pugach, Oksana / Chriqui, Jamie F / Wing, Coady / Raymond, Dorrie / Tarlov, Elizabeth / Sheridan, Bethany / Jones, Kelly K / Slater, Sandy J

Translational behavioral medicine

2022 Volume 12, Issue 4, Page(s) 595–600

Abstract: Environments that make it easier for people to incorporate physical activity into their daily life may help to reduce high rates of cardiometabolic conditions. Local zoning codes are a policy and planning tool to create more walkable and bikeable ... ...

Abstract	Environments that make it easier for people to incorporate physical activity into their daily life may help to reduce high rates of cardiometabolic conditions. Local zoning codes are a policy and planning tool to create more walkable and bikeable environments. This study evaluated relationships between active living-oriented zoning code environments and cardiometabolic conditions (body mass index, hyperlipidemia, hypertension). The study used county identifiers to link electronic health record and other administrative data for a sample of patients utilizing primary care services between 2012 and 2016 with county-aggregated zoning code data and built environment data. The analytic sample included 7,441,991 patients living in 292 counties in 44 states. Latent class analysis was used to summarize municipal- and unincorporated county-level data on seven zoning provisions (e.g., sidewalks, trails, street connectivity, mixed land use), resulting in classes that differed in strength of the zoning provisions. Based on the probability of class membership, counties were categorized as one of four classes. Linear and logistic regression models estimated cross-sectional associations with each cardiometabolic condition. Models were fit separately for youth (aged 5-19), adults (aged 20-59), and older adults (aged 60+). Little evidence was found that body mass index in youth, adults, or older adults or the odds of hyperlipidemia or hypertension in adults or older adults differed according to the strength of active living-oriented zoning. More research is needed to identify the health impacts of zoning codes and whether alterations to these codes would improve population health over the long term.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Aged ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ; City Planning/methods ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Humans ; Hypertension/epidemiology ; Longevity ; Metabolic Diseases
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	2586893-7
ISSN	1613-9860 ; 1869-6716
ISSN (online)	1613-9860
ISSN	1869-6716
DOI	10.1093/tbm/ibab157
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Article ; Online: Would increasing access to recreational places promote healthier weights and a healthier nation?

Slater, Sandy J / Tarlov, Elizabeth / Jones, Kelly / Matthews, Stephen A / Wing, Coady / Zenk, Shannon N

Health & place

2019 Volume 56, Page(s) 127–134

Abstract: Addressing gaps in evidence on causal associations, this study tested the hypothesis that better access to recreational places close to home helps people to maintain lower body mass index (BMI) using a retrospective longitudinal study design and up to 6 ... ...

Abstract	Addressing gaps in evidence on causal associations, this study tested the hypothesis that better access to recreational places close to home helps people to maintain lower body mass index (BMI) using a retrospective longitudinal study design and up to 6 years of data for the same individuals (1,522,803 men and 183,618 women). Participants were military veterans aged 20-64 who received healthcare through the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs in 2009-2014 and lived in a metropolitan area. Although there were cross-sectional associations, we found no longitudinal evidence that access to parks and fitness facilities was associated with BMI for either men or women in the full sample or in subgroups of residential movers and stayers. Our findings suggest that simply increasing the number of parks and fitness facilities may not be enough to achieve needed population-level reductions in weight.
MeSH term(s)	Body Mass Index ; Body Weight/physiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Exercise/physiology ; Female ; Fitness Centers ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Obesity/prevention & control ; Parks, Recreational ; Retrospective Studies ; Urban Population ; Veterans/statistics & numerical data ; Veterans Health Services
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-02-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	1262540-1
ISSN	1873-2054 ; 1353-8292
ISSN (online)	1873-2054
ISSN	1353-8292
DOI	10.1016/j.healthplace.2019.01.013
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Article ; Online: Strategies to Improve Physical Activity Surveillance among Youth in the United States.

Dunton, Genevieve F / Berrigan, David / Young, Deborah Rohm / Pfeiffer, Karin Allor / Lee, Sarah M / Slater, Sandy J / Pate, Russell R

The Journal of pediatrics

2019 Volume 210, Page(s) 226–231

MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Child ; Child Day Care Centers ; Exercise ; Exercise Test ; Health Personnel ; Health Surveys ; Humans ; Population Surveillance ; Schools ; Self Report ; Sports ; United States ; Wearable Electronic Devices
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-05-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Consensus Development Conference ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	3102-1
ISSN	1097-6833 ; 0022-3476
ISSN (online)	1097-6833
ISSN	0022-3476
DOI	10.1016/j.jpeds.2019.03.022
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