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  1. Article ; Online: If You Torture Your Data Long Enough, It Will Confess to Anything: On the Epidemiological Basis of the LNT Model.

    Socol, Yehoshua

    Health physics

    2024  Volume 126, Issue 6, Page(s) 424–425

    Abstract: This note deals with epidemiological data interpretation supporting the linear no-threshold model, as opposed to emerging evidence of adaptive response and hormesis from molecular biology in vitro and animal models. Particularly, the US-Japan Radiation ... ...

    Abstract This note deals with epidemiological data interpretation supporting the linear no-threshold model, as opposed to emerging evidence of adaptive response and hormesis from molecular biology in vitro and animal models. Particularly, the US-Japan Radiation Effects Research Foundation's lifespan study of atomic bomb survivors is scrutinized. We stress the years-long lag of the data processing after data gathering and evolving statistical models and methodologies across publications. The necessity of cautious interpretation of radiation epidemiology results is emphasized.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Models, Statistical ; Atomic Bomb Survivors/statistics & numerical data ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Animals ; United States/epidemiology ; Radiation Exposure/adverse effects ; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/epidemiology ; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/etiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2406-5
    ISSN 1538-5159 ; 0017-9078
    ISSN (online) 1538-5159
    ISSN 0017-9078
    DOI 10.1097/HP.0000000000001775
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  2. Article ; Online: PROBABILITY OF DEVELOPMENT OF NUCLEAR WEAPONS BY UKRAINE - Scenarios and Factors

    Moshe YANOVSKIY / Yehoshua SOCOL

    Obrana a Strategie, Vol 23, Iss 1, Pp 092-

    2023  Volume 108

    Abstract: The threat of the use of nuclear weapons by the aggressor is a significant factor in the ongoing war. Also in future, the Ukrainian government (any leadership) will be interested in its own nuclear weapons at least as long as Russia is ruled by an ill- ... ...

    Abstract The threat of the use of nuclear weapons by the aggressor is a significant factor in the ongoing war. Also in future, the Ukrainian government (any leadership) will be interested in its own nuclear weapons at least as long as Russia is ruled by an ill-predictable authoritarian regime. Nuclear arms could be helpful for Ukraine both for deterrence and to increase the attractiveness of the country as a military ally. However, due to many economic, political, and legal factors discussed in the paper, the likelihood of development of Ukraine’s own nuclear arsenal should be considered as extremely low. The unlikely scenario, in which Ukraine could nevertheless develop such weapons, would require such a significant improvement of political and economic institutions, that the risk for third countries from the new nuclear actor will remain minimal.
    Keywords nuclear deterrence ; economic freedom ; corruption ; quality of institutions ; Military Science ; U
    Subject code 320
    Language Czech
    Publishing date 2023-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher University of Defence
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Comments on 'Elena Alexandrovna Timofeeva-Resovskaya at the forefront of radiobiology in the XX century'.

    Yanovskiy, Moshe / Socol, Yehoshua

    International journal of radiation biology

    2021  Volume 97, Issue 10, Page(s) 1502–1503

    MeSH term(s) Radiobiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-30
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 3065-x
    ISSN 1362-3095 ; 0020-7616 ; 0955-3002
    ISSN (online) 1362-3095
    ISSN 0020-7616 ; 0955-3002
    DOI 10.1080/09553002.2021.1956012
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  4. Article ; Online: Are Lockdowns Effective in Managing Pandemics?

    Yanovskiy, Moshe / Socol, Yehoshua

    International journal of environmental research and public health

    2022  Volume 19, Issue 15

    Abstract: The present coronavirus crisis caused a major worldwide disruption which has not been experienced for decades. The lockdown-based crisis management was implemented by nearly all the countries, and studies confirming lockdown effectiveness can be found ... ...

    Abstract The present coronavirus crisis caused a major worldwide disruption which has not been experienced for decades. The lockdown-based crisis management was implemented by nearly all the countries, and studies confirming lockdown effectiveness can be found alongside the studies questioning it. In this work, we performed a narrative review of the works studying the above effectiveness, as well as the historic experience of previous pandemics and risk-benefit analysis based on the connection of health and wealth. Our aim was to learn lessons and analyze ways to improve the management of similar events in the future. The comparative analysis of different countries showed that the assumption of lockdowns' effectiveness cannot be supported by evidence-neither regarding the present COVID-19 pandemic, nor regarding the 1918-1920 Spanish Flu and other less-severe pandemics in the past. The price tag of lockdowns in terms of public health is high: by using the known connection between health and wealth, we estimate that lockdowns may claim 20 times more life years than they save. It is suggested therefore that a thorough cost-benefit analysis should be performed before imposing any lockdown for either COVID-19 or any future pandemic.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Communicable Disease Control ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Influenza Pandemic, 1918-1919 ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Public Health
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-29
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Historical Article ; Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2175195-X
    ISSN 1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
    ISSN (online) 1660-4601
    ISSN 1661-7827
    DOI 10.3390/ijerph19159295
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  5. Article ; Online: Are Lockdowns Effective in Managing Pandemics?

    Moshe Yanovskiy / Yehoshua Socol

    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 19, Iss 9295, p

    2022  Volume 9295

    Abstract: The present coronavirus crisis caused a major worldwide disruption which has not been experienced for decades. The lockdown-based crisis management was implemented by nearly all the countries, and studies confirming lockdown effectiveness can be found ... ...

    Abstract The present coronavirus crisis caused a major worldwide disruption which has not been experienced for decades. The lockdown-based crisis management was implemented by nearly all the countries, and studies confirming lockdown effectiveness can be found alongside the studies questioning it. In this work, we performed a narrative review of the works studying the above effectiveness, as well as the historic experience of previous pandemics and risk-benefit analysis based on the connection of health and wealth. Our aim was to learn lessons and analyze ways to improve the management of similar events in the future. The comparative analysis of different countries showed that the assumption of lockdowns’ effectiveness cannot be supported by evidence—neither regarding the present COVID-19 pandemic, nor regarding the 1918–1920 Spanish Flu and other less-severe pandemics in the past. The price tag of lockdowns in terms of public health is high: by using the known connection between health and wealth, we estimate that lockdowns may claim 20 times more life years than they save. It is suggested therefore that a thorough cost-benefit analysis should be performed before imposing any lockdown for either COVID-19 or any future pandemic.
    Keywords COVID-19 ; Spanish Flu ; disaster management ; decision making ; health and wealth ; Medicine ; R
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Artificial intelligence in biology and medicine, and radioprotection research: perspectives from Jerusalem.

    Socol, Yehoshua / Richardson, Ariella / Garali-Zineddine, Imene / Grison, Stephane / Vares, Guillaume / Klokov, Dmitry

    Frontiers in artificial intelligence

    2024  Volume 6, Page(s) 1291136

    Abstract: While AI is widely used in biomedical research and medical practice, its use is constrained to few specific practical areas, e.g., radiomics. Participants of the workshop on "Artificial Intelligence in Biology and Medicine" (Jerusalem, Feb 14-15, 2023), ... ...

    Abstract While AI is widely used in biomedical research and medical practice, its use is constrained to few specific practical areas, e.g., radiomics. Participants of the workshop on "Artificial Intelligence in Biology and Medicine" (Jerusalem, Feb 14-15, 2023), both researchers and practitioners, aimed to build a holistic picture by exploring AI advancements, challenges and perspectives, as well as to suggest new fields for AI applications. Presentations showcased the potential of large language models (LLMs) in generating molecular structures, predicting protein-ligand interactions, and promoting democratization of AI development. Ethical concerns in medical decision making were also addressed. In biological applications, AI integration of multi-omics and clinical data elucidated the health relevant effects of low doses of ionizing radiation. Bayesian latent modeling identified statistical associations between unobserved variables. Medical applications highlighted liquid biopsy methods for non-invasive diagnostics, routine laboratory tests to identify overlooked illnesses, and AI's role in oral and maxillofacial imaging. Explainable AI and diverse image processing tools improved diagnostics, while text classification detected anorexic behavior in blog posts. The workshop fostered knowledge sharing, discussions, and emphasized the need for further AI development in radioprotection research in support of emerging public health issues. The organizers plan to continue the initiative as an annual event, promoting collaboration and addressing issues and perspectives in AI applications with a focus on low-dose radioprotection research. Researchers involved in radioprotection research and experts in relevant public policy domains are invited to explore the utility of AI in low-dose radiation research at the next workshop.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-11
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2624-8212
    ISSN (online) 2624-8212
    DOI 10.3389/frai.2023.1291136
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  7. Article ; Online: Artificial intelligence in biology and medicine, and radioprotection research

    Yehoshua Socol / Ariella Richardson / Imene Garali-Zineddine / Stephane Grison / Guillaume Vares / Dmitry Klokov

    Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence, Vol

    perspectives from Jerusalem

    2024  Volume 6

    Abstract: While AI is widely used in biomedical research and medical practice, its use is constrained to few specific practical areas, e.g., radiomics. Participants of the workshop on “Artificial Intelligence in Biology and Medicine” (Jerusalem, Feb 14–15, 2023), ... ...

    Abstract While AI is widely used in biomedical research and medical practice, its use is constrained to few specific practical areas, e.g., radiomics. Participants of the workshop on “Artificial Intelligence in Biology and Medicine” (Jerusalem, Feb 14–15, 2023), both researchers and practitioners, aimed to build a holistic picture by exploring AI advancements, challenges and perspectives, as well as to suggest new fields for AI applications. Presentations showcased the potential of large language models (LLMs) in generating molecular structures, predicting protein-ligand interactions, and promoting democratization of AI development. Ethical concerns in medical decision making were also addressed. In biological applications, AI integration of multi-omics and clinical data elucidated the health relevant effects of low doses of ionizing radiation. Bayesian latent modeling identified statistical associations between unobserved variables. Medical applications highlighted liquid biopsy methods for non-invasive diagnostics, routine laboratory tests to identify overlooked illnesses, and AI's role in oral and maxillofacial imaging. Explainable AI and diverse image processing tools improved diagnostics, while text classification detected anorexic behavior in blog posts. The workshop fostered knowledge sharing, discussions, and emphasized the need for further AI development in radioprotection research in support of emerging public health issues. The organizers plan to continue the initiative as an annual event, promoting collaboration and addressing issues and perspectives in AI applications with a focus on low-dose radioprotection research. Researchers involved in radioprotection research and experts in relevant public policy domains are invited to explore the utility of AI in low-dose radiation research at the next workshop.
    Keywords low doses ; ionizing radiation ; artificial intelligence ; machine learning ; radioprotection ; public health ; Electronic computers. Computer science ; QA75.5-76.95
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article: Vaccinations: Mandatory or Voluntary? Risk-Benefit Analysis.

    Socol, Yehoshua / Shaki, Yair Y

    Dose-response : a publication of International Hormesis Society

    2020  Volume 18, Issue 2, Page(s) 1559325820920116

    Abstract: The discussion regarding mandatory vaccination of children centers mainly around the question of whether producing public good has precedence over the freedom of individuals. In the core of this discussion lies the assumption that mass immunization has ... ...

    Abstract The discussion regarding mandatory vaccination of children centers mainly around the question of whether producing public good has precedence over the freedom of individuals. In the core of this discussion lies the assumption that mass immunization has been proven as a public good, based on the experts' opinion that there is no proof of significant damage caused by vaccinations. We suggest, however, that this argument is insufficient. Namely, beside acute effects, vaccination (as any intervention) can shorten long-term life expectancy. If, for example, vaccination is intended to prevent an illness that causes 0.05% mortality or permanent disability population-wide (like in the case of measles), the population-wide vaccination can be considered as a public good only if the vaccination itself does not cause life shortening by 0.05%, that is, by about 15 days. Absence of such a small long-term effect has not been proven and cannot be proven in principle for several decades to come. The lack of proof of damage is not proof of lack of damage; in any dispute, the burden of proof lies with those who lay charges. Therefore, we conclude that it is inappropriate today to enforce mandatory immunization.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2440820-7
    ISSN 1559-3258 ; 1559-3258
    ISSN (online) 1559-3258
    ISSN 1559-3258
    DOI 10.1177/1559325820920116
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  9. Article: Reconsidering Health Consequences of the Chernobyl Accident.

    Socol, Yehoshua

    Dose-response : a publication of International Hormesis Society

    2015  Volume 13, Issue 1

    Abstract: The Chernobyl accident led to major human suffering caused by the evacuation and other counter-measures. However, the direct health consequences of the accident-related radiation exposures, besides the acute effects and small number of thyroid cancers, ... ...

    Abstract The Chernobyl accident led to major human suffering caused by the evacuation and other counter-measures. However, the direct health consequences of the accident-related radiation exposures, besides the acute effects and small number of thyroid cancers, have not been observed. This absence is challenged by some influential groups affecting public policies who claim that the true extent of radiogenic health consequences is covered up. We consider such claims. The most conservative (in this case - overestimating) linear no-threshold hypothesis was used to calculate excess cancer expectations for cleanup workers, the population of the contaminated areas and the global population. Statistical estimations were performed to verify whether such expected excess was detectable. The calculated cancer excess for each group is much less than uncertainties in number of cancer cases in epidemiological studies. Therefore the absence of detected radiation carcinogenesis is in full correspondence with the most conservative a priori expectations. Regarding the cover-up claims, rational choice analysis was performed. Such analysis shows that these claims are ill-founded. The present overcautious attitude to radiological hazards should be corrected in order to mitigate the present suffering and to avoid such suffering in the future.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-05-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2440820-7
    ISSN 1559-3258
    ISSN 1559-3258
    DOI 10.2203/dose-response.14-040.Socol
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Professor Ludwik Dobrzyński 1941-2022.

    Socol, Yehoshua / Feinendegen, Ludwig / Fornalski, Krzysztof W / Janiak, Marek / Mothersill, Carmel / Waligórski, Michael P R

    International journal of radiation biology

    2022  Volume 98, Issue 8, Page(s) 1397–1398

    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 3065-x
    ISSN 1362-3095 ; 0020-7616 ; 0955-3002
    ISSN (online) 1362-3095
    ISSN 0020-7616 ; 0955-3002
    DOI 10.1080/09553002.2022.2038807
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