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Article ; Online: Interconception care in Australian general practice: a qualitative study.

James, Sharon / Watson, Cathy / Bernard, Elodie / Rathnasekara, Greasha K / Mazza, Danielle

The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners

2023 Volume 73, Issue 737, Page(s) e949–e957

Abstract: Background: GPs provide care for women across the lifespan. This care currently includes preconception and postpartum phases of a woman's life. Interconception care (ICC) addresses women's health issues between pregnancies that then have impact on ... ...

Abstract	Background: GPs provide care for women across the lifespan. This care currently includes preconception and postpartum phases of a woman's life. Interconception care (ICC) addresses women's health issues between pregnancies that then have impact on maternal and infant outcomes, such as lifestyle and biomedical risks, interpregnancy intervals, and contraception provision. However, ICC in general practice is not well established. Aim: To explore GP perspectives about ICC. Design and setting: Qualitative interviews were undertaken with GPs between May and July 2018. Method: Eighteen GPs were purposively recruited from South-Eastern Australia. Audiorecorded semi- structured interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically using the Framework Method. Results: Most participants were unfamiliar with the concept of ICC. Delivery was mainly opportunistic, depending on the woman's presenting need. Rather than a distinct and required intervention, participants conceptualised components of ICC as forming part of routine practice. GPs described many challenges including lack of clarity about recommended ICC content and timing, lack of engagement and perceived value from mothers, and time constraints during consultations. Facilitators included care continuity and the availability of patient education material. Conclusion: Findings indicate that ICC is not a familiar concept for GPs, who feel that they have limited capacity to deliver such care. Further research to evaluate patient perspectives and potential models of care is required before ICC improvements can be developed, trialled, and evaluated. These models could include the colocation of multidisciplinary services and services in combination with well-child visits.
MeSH term(s)	Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans ; Australia ; General Practice/methods ; Family Practice ; Mothers ; Qualitative Research ; General Practitioners
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-30
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1043148-2
ISSN	1478-5242 ; 0035-8797 ; 0960-1643
ISSN (online)	1478-5242
ISSN	0035-8797 ; 0960-1643
DOI	10.3399/BJGP.2022.0624
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Article ; Online: Garlic alters the expression of putative virulence factor genes SIR2 and ECE1 in vulvovaginal C. albicans isolates.

Said, Mohamed M / Watson, Cathy / Grando, Danilla

Scientific reports

2020 Volume 10, Issue 1, Page(s) 3615

Abstract: Vulvovaginal candidiasis causes sufferers much discomfort. Phytotherapy with garlic has been reported to be a possible alternative form of treatment; however, it is unknown why patients report varying success with this strategy. Fresh garlic extract has ... ...

Abstract	Vulvovaginal candidiasis causes sufferers much discomfort. Phytotherapy with garlic has been reported to be a possible alternative form of treatment; however, it is unknown why patients report varying success with this strategy. Fresh garlic extract has been shown to down-regulate the putative virulence gene, SIR2 in C. albicans. Our study aimed to see if previous observations were reproducible for the gene responsible for Candidalysin (ECE1). Two clinical strains from patients with reported variable efficacy of using garlic for the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis were compared through biofilm assays and antimicrobial susceptibility. Real-time PCR was used to assess changes in gene expression when exposed to garlic. Treatment with fresh garlic extract and pure allicin (an active compound produced in cut garlic) resulted in a decrease in SIR2 expression in all strains. In contrast, ECE1 expression was up-regulated in a reference strain and an isolate from a patient unresponsive to garlic therapy, while in an isolate from a patient responsive to garlic therapy, down-regulation of ECE1 occurred. Future studies that investigate the effectiveness of phytotherapies should take into account possible varying responses of individual strains and that gene expression may be amplified in the presence of serum.
MeSH term(s)	Antifungal Agents/pharmacology ; Biofilms/drug effects ; Candida albicans/drug effects ; Candida albicans/genetics ; Candida albicans/metabolism ; Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal/drug therapy ; Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal/microbiology ; Female ; Fungal Proteins/genetics ; Fungal Proteins/metabolism ; Garlic/chemistry ; Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal/drug effects ; Humans ; Plant Extracts/pharmacology ; Sulfinic Acids/pharmacology ; Virulence Factors/genetics ; Virulence Factors/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Antifungal Agents ; ECE1 protein, Candida albicans ; Fungal Proteins ; Plant Extracts ; Sulfinic Acids ; Virulence Factors ; allicin (3C39BY17Y6)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-02-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-020-60178-0
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Article: 'All My Animals Are Equal, but None Can Survive without the Horse'. The Contribution of Working Equids to the Livelihoods of Women across Six Communities in the Chimaltenango Region of Guatemala.

Vasanthakumar, Molly A / Upjohn, Melissa M / Watson, Tamlin L / Dwyer, Cathy M

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI

2021 Volume 11, Issue 6

Abstract: It is widely assumed that working equid husbandry is carried out by men, and women are often not recognised as facilitating equid welfare. The aim of this study is to investigate how working equids contribute to women's livelihoods in six of the World ... ...

Abstract	It is widely assumed that working equid husbandry is carried out by men, and women are often not recognised as facilitating equid welfare. The aim of this study is to investigate how working equids contribute to women's livelihoods in six of the World Horse Welfare programme target communities in Guatemala and determine what roles women have in their care. Thirty-four face-to-face interviews were carried out and data were analysed using both quantitative and qualitative methods. This study found that working equids support women by reducing domestic drudgery, generating income, feeding livestock and saving time. Thirty-two women played a major role in the care of one or more equids, and overall, women did not feel that they knew enough about equid husbandry. Thirty-one women said they would attend training opportunities if the advertising was clear and they felt that women were able to join. This study recognises the contribution of working equids to women's livelihoods, describes the roles women play in equid husbandry and addresses the discrepancies between women's roles and their capacity to undertake these tasks. This emphasises the need for extension services to include and cater for women, improving equid welfare and their ability to continue supporting women's livelihoods.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-22
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2076-2615
ISSN	2076-2615
DOI	10.3390/ani11061509
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Article ; Online: Visualizing community networks to recruit South Asian participants for interviews about bowel cancer screening.

Howcutt, Sarah J / Saini, Pooja / Henshall, Cathy / Brett, Jo / Watson, Eila / Smith, Lesley A

Journal of cancer policy

2022 Volume 32, Page(s) 100333

Abstract: Background: South Asians make up the largest ethnic minority group in England and Wales. Yet this group is underrepresented in some programmes to promote health, such as cancer screening. A challenge to addressing such health disparities is the ... ...

Abstract	Background: South Asians make up the largest ethnic minority group in England and Wales. Yet this group is underrepresented in some programmes to promote health, such as cancer screening. A challenge to addressing such health disparities is the difficulty of recruiting South Asian communities to health research. Effective recruitment requires the development of participants' knowledge about research and their trust. Researchers also need to increase their cultural understanding and to think about how they will communicate information despite language barriers. This article describes the use of an organogram, informed by social network analysis, to identify the community contacts likely to encourage participation of South Asian adults (aged 50-75 years) in interviews to identify the facilitators of home bowel cancer screening. Methods: We developed an organogram which represented the directional relationships between organizations and key informants against the level of recruitment success to visualize where networking engaged participants. Primary data were recruitment records (February 2019-March 2020). Results: The majority of participants were recruited from faith centres. The topic of bowel cancer was a barrier for some, but recruitment was more successful with the advocacy of leaders within the South Asian communities. Visualizing community networks helped the research team to understand where to concentrate time and resources for recruitment. Conclusions: The organizational chart was easy to maintain and demonstrated useful patterns in recruitment successes. Policy summary: An organogram can provide a practical tool to identify the best strategies and community contacts to engage South Asian participants in studies to inform policy on health promotion activities such as cancer screening.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Asians ; Colorectal Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Community Networks ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Ethnicity ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Minority Groups ; Patient Selection
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	2213-5383
ISSN (online)	2213-5383
DOI	10.1016/j.jcpo.2022.100333
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Article ; Online: Considerations for conducting a young person's health assessment in the general practice setting: Insights from key informants in Victoria.

Newton, Sarah / Johnson, Caroline / Watson, Cathy / Wardley, Amelia / Bittleston, Helen / Sanci, Lena / Hocking, Jane S

Australian journal of general practice

2023 Volume 52, Issue 4, Page(s) 235–240

Abstract: Background and objectives: There have been calls for a Medicare Benefits Schedule rebate to support a young person's health assessment in general practice. The aim of this study was to understand Victorian providers' needs and perspectives about ... ...

Abstract	Background and objectives: There have been calls for a Medicare Benefits Schedule rebate to support a young person's health assessment in general practice. The aim of this study was to understand Victorian providers' needs and perspectives about implementing young people's health assessments in general practice. Method: Focus groups and interviews were conducted over Zoom with current general practitioners (GPs), practice nurses (PNs) and practice managers (PMs). A qualitative descriptive approach and conventional content analysis were used. Results: Two focus groups and five interviews were conducted between September and November 2021. Participants (11 GPs, nine PNs and three PMs) represented metropolitan (n = 11), regional (n = 10) and rural (n = 2) Victoria. Key facilitators to implementing a young person's health assessment included established clinic systems and staff roles as well as the potential to empower young people. Key barriers included scheduling logistics and billing structures. Discussion: Key informants generated substantive stakeholder perspectives to aid planning and implementing young people's health assessments in general practice.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; United States ; Humans ; Adolescent ; Medicare ; General Practice ; General Practitioners ; Family Practice ; Focus Groups
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-01
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2924889-9
ISSN	2208-7958 ; 2208-794X
ISSN (online)	2208-7958
ISSN	2208-794X
DOI	10.31128/AJGP-05-22-6423
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Article: Agroforestry System Research: Identification of Land Use Change Drivers and Scaling Up of Trees on Farms for Transforming Livelihoods and Landscapes

Iiyama, Miyuki / Watson, Cathy / Miyamoto, Motoe

Japan agricultural research quarterly

2021 Volume 55, Issue December, Special Issue, Page(s) 559

Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	407386-1
ISSN	0021-3551
Database	Current Contents Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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Article ; Online: Treatment for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (thrush).

Cooke, Georga / Watson, Cathy / Deckx, Laura / Pirotta, Marie / Smith, Jane / van Driel, Mieke L

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

2022 Volume 1, Page(s) CD009151

Abstract: Background: Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC) affects up to 5% of women. No comprehensive systematic review of treatments for RVVC has been published.: Objectives: The primary objective was to assess the effectiveness and safety of ... ...

Abstract	Background: Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC) affects up to 5% of women. No comprehensive systematic review of treatments for RVVC has been published. Objectives: The primary objective was to assess the effectiveness and safety of pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments for RVVC. The secondary objective was to assess patient preference of treatment options. Search methods: We conducted electronic searches of bibliographic databases, including CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, and CINAHL (search date 6 October 2021). We also handsearched reference lists of identified trials and contacted authors of identified trials, experts in RVVC, and manufacturers of products for vulvovaginal candidiasis. Selection criteria: We considered all published and unpublished randomised controlled trials evaluating RVVC treatments for at least six months, in women with four or more symptomatic episodes of vulvovaginal candidiasis in the past year. We excluded women with immunosuppressive disorders or taking immunosuppressant medication. We included women with diabetes mellitus and pregnant women. Diagnosis of RVVC must have been confirmed by presence of symptoms and a positive culture and/or microscopy. We included all drug and non-drug therapies and partner treatment, assessing the following primary outcomes: • number of clinical recurrences per participant per year (recurrence defined as clinical signs and positive culture/microscopy); • proportion of participants with at least one clinical recurrence during the treatment and follow-up period; and • adverse events. Data collection and analysis: Two authors independently reviewed titles and abstracts to identify eligible trials. Duplicate data extraction was completed independently by two authors. We assessed risk of bias as described in the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. We used the fixed-effects model for pooling and expressed the results as risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Where important statistical heterogeneity was present we either did not pool data (I Main results: Studies: Twenty-three studies involving 2212 women aged 17 to 67 years met the inclusion criteria. Most studies excluded pregnant women and women with diabetes or immunosuppression. The predominant species found on culture at study entry was Candida albicans. Overall, the included studies were small (<100 participants). Six studies compared antifungal treatment with placebo (607 participants); four studies compared oral versus topical antifungals (543 participants); one study compared different oral antifungals (45 participants); two studies compared different dosing regimens for antifungals (100 participants); one study compared two different dosing regimens of the same topical agent (23 participants); one study compared short versus longer treatment duration (26 participants); two studies assessed the effect of partner treatment (98 participants); one study compared a complementary treatment (Lactobacillus vaginal tablets and probiotic oral tablets) with placebo (34 participants); three studies compared complementary medicine with antifungals (354 participants); two studies compared 'dermasilk' briefs with cotton briefs (130 participants); one study examined Lactobacillus vaccination versus heliotherapy versus ciclopyroxolamine (90 participants); one study compared CAM treatments to an antifungal treatment combined with CAM treatments (68 participants). We did not find any studies comparing different topical antifungals. Nine studies reported industry funding, three were funded by an independent source and eleven did not report their funding source. Risk of bias: Overall, the risk of bias was high or unclear due to insufficient blinding of allocation and participants and poor reporting. Primary outcomes: Meta-analyses comparing drug treatments (oral and topical) with placebo or no treatment showed there may be a clinically relevant reduction in clinical recurrence at 6 months (RR 0.36, 95% CI 0.21 to 0.63; number needed to treat for an additional beneficial outcome (NNTB) = 2; participants = 607; studies = 6; I² = 82%; low-certainty evidence) and 12 months (RR 0.80, 95% CI 0.72 to 0.89; NNTB = 6; participants = 585; studies = 6; I² = 21%; low-certainty evidence). No study reported on the number of clinical recurrences per participant per year. We are very uncertain whether oral drug treatment compared to topical treatment increases the risk of clinical recurrence at 6 months (RR 1.66, 95% CI 0.83 to 3.31; participants = 206; studies = 3; I² = 0%; very low-certainty evidence) and reduces the risk of clinical recurrence at 12 months (RR 0.95, 95% CI 0.71 to 1.27; participants = 206; studies = 3; I² = 10%; very low-certainty evidence). No study reported on the number of clinical recurrences per participant per year. Adverse events were scarce across both treatment and control groups in both comparisons. The reporting of adverse events varied amongst studies, was generally of very low quality and could not be pooled. Overall the adverse event rate was low for both placebo and treatment arms and ranged from less than 5% to no side effects or complications. Authors' conclusions: In women with RVVC, treatment with oral or topical antifungals may reduce symptomatic clinical recurrences when compared to placebo or no treatment. We were unable to find clear differences between different treatment options (e.g. oral versus topical treatment, different doses and durations). These findings are not applicable to pregnant or immunocompromised women and women with diabetes as the studies did not include or report on them. More research is needed to determine the optimal medication, dose and frequency.
MeSH term(s)	Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use ; Candidiasis, Oral ; Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal/drug therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use ; Pregnancy
Chemical Substances	Antifungal Agents ; Immunosuppressive Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review ; Systematic Review
ISSN	1469-493X
ISSN (online)	1469-493X
DOI	10.1002/14651858.CD009151.pub2
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Article ; Online: Strategies for preparing for a multiprogram residency accreditation visit.

Watson, Kristin / Walker, Cathy L

American journal of health-system pharmacy : AJHP : official journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists

2016 Volume 73, Issue 10, Page(s) 614–616

MeSH term(s)	Accreditation/methods ; Humans ; Pharmacy Residencies/methods ; Pharmacy Residencies/standards ; Schools, Pharmacy/standards ; Surveys and Questionnaires/standards
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-04-29
Publishing country	England
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	1224627-x
ISSN	1535-2900 ; 1079-2082
ISSN (online)	1535-2900
ISSN	1079-2082
DOI	10.2146/ajhp150123
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Article ; Online: Mortality Reduction Associated with Coexistent Antithrombotic Use in Nursing Home Residents with COVID-19.

Adler, Laurent / Lipton, Cathy / Watson, Clay C / Lawrence, Shanieek / Richie, Alexa / Spain, Clare / Heltemes, Kevin

Journal of the American Medical Directors Association

2021 Volume 23, Issue 3, Page(s) 440–441

MeSH term(s)	Aged ; COVID-19 ; Fibrinolytic Agents/therapeutic use ; Homes for the Aged ; Humans ; Nursing Homes ; SARS-CoV-2
Chemical Substances	Fibrinolytic Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	2171030-2
ISSN	1538-9375 ; 1525-8610
ISSN (online)	1538-9375
ISSN	1525-8610
DOI	10.1016/j.jamda.2021.11.012
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Article ; Online: Not that itch again: dealing with recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis.

Watson, Cathy

Nursing for women's health

2008 Volume 12, Issue 3, Page(s) 216–223

MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use ; Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal/diagnosis ; Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal/nursing ; Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal/therapy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Hygiene ; Life Style ; Middle Aged ; Nurse's Role ; Patient Education as Topic/methods ; Prognosis ; Recurrence ; Risk Factors ; Severity of Illness Index
Chemical Substances	Antifungal Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2008-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2275619-X
ISSN	1751-486X ; 1751-4851
ISSN (online)	1751-486X
ISSN	1751-4851
DOI	10.1111/j.1751-486X.2008.00326.x
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