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  1. Article ; Online: Developing μSpherePlatform Using a Commercial Hairbrush: An Agarose 3D Culture Platform for Deep-Tissue Imaging of Prostate Cancer.

    Krishnan, Mena A / Chelvam, Venkatesh

    ACS applied bio materials

    2021  Volume 4, Issue 5, Page(s) 4254–4270

    Abstract: Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a viable diagnostic biomarker for the detection and treatment of prostate cancer. Although numerous imaging techniques and fluorescent probes have been developed, targeted imaging and intraoperative surgery ... ...

    Abstract Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a viable diagnostic biomarker for the detection and treatment of prostate cancer. Although numerous imaging techniques and fluorescent probes have been developed, targeted imaging and intraoperative surgery continue to remain as a proof-of-concept with a severe lack of tools having high affinity and penetrative capacity.
    MeSH term(s) Biocompatible Materials/chemical synthesis ; Biocompatible Materials/chemistry ; Cell Culture Techniques, Three Dimensional ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Humans ; Male ; Materials Testing ; Molecular Structure ; Particle Size ; Prostate-Specific Antigen/analysis ; Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging
    Chemical Substances Biocompatible Materials ; Prostate-Specific Antigen (EC 3.4.21.77)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 2576-6422
    ISSN (online) 2576-6422
    DOI 10.1021/acsabm.1c00086
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Effect of fiber layer formation on mechanical and wear properties of natural fiber filled epoxy hybrid composites.

    Venkatesh, R / Ballal, Suhas / Krishnan, A Mohana / Prabagaran, S / Mohankumar, S / Ramaraj, Elangomathavan

    Heliyon

    2023  Volume 9, Issue 5, Page(s) e15934

    Abstract: Natural fiber-reinforced polymer matrix composites are gathering significance in future trend applications such as automotive, aerospace, sport, and other engineering applications due to their superior enhanced mechanical, wear, and thermal properties. ... ...

    Abstract Natural fiber-reinforced polymer matrix composites are gathering significance in future trend applications such as automotive, aerospace, sport, and other engineering applications due to their superior enhanced mechanical, wear, and thermal properties. Compared to synthetic fiber, natural fiber is low adhesive and flexural strength properties. The research aims to synthesize the epoxy hybrid composites by utilizing the silane (pH = 4) treated Kenaf (KF) and sisal fiber (SF) as layering by uni, bi, and multi-unidirectional via hand layup techniques. Thirteen composite samples have been prepared by three-layer formation adopted with different weight ratios of E/KF/SF such as 100E/0KF/0SF, 70E/30KF/0SF, 70E/0KF/30SF, 70E/20KF/10SF, and 70E/10KF/20SF respectively. The effect of layer formation on the tensile, flexural, and impact strength of composites is studied by ASTM D638, D790, and D256 standards. The unidirectional fiber layer formed (sample 5) 70E/10KF/20SF composite is found maximum tensile and flexural strength of 57.9 ± 1.2 MPa and 78.65 ± 1.8 MPa. This composite is subjected to wear studies by pin-on-disc wear apparatus configured with a hardened grey cast-iron plate under an applied load of 10, 20, 30, and 40 N at different sliding velocities of 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, and 0.7 m/s. The wear rate of the sample progressively increases with increasing load and sliding speed of the composite. The minimum wear rate of 0.012 mg/min (sample 4) is found on 7.6 N frictional force at 0.1 m/s sliding speed. Moreover, sample 4 at a high velocity of 0.7 m/s with a low load (10 N) shows a wear rate of 0.034 mg/min. The wear-worn surface is examined and found adhesive and abrasive wear on a high frictional force of 18.54 N at 0.7 m/s. The enhanced mechanical and wear behavior of sample 5 is recommended for automotive seat frame applications.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2835763-2
    ISSN 2405-8440
    ISSN 2405-8440
    DOI 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15934
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: A Histopathological Study on Adrenal Tumours in a Tertiary Care Centre in Chenna

    Deepa Krishnan / Sudha Venkatesh

    National Journal of Laboratory Medicine, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp PO24-PO

    2021  Volume 29

    Abstract: Introduction: The lesions of the adrenal gland are quite rarely encountered in surgical pathology. Primary adrenal neoplasms have a varied clinical presentation, being functional or nonfunctional, symptomatic or asymptomatic, or detected as ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: The lesions of the adrenal gland are quite rarely encountered in surgical pathology. Primary adrenal neoplasms have a varied clinical presentation, being functional or nonfunctional, symptomatic or asymptomatic, or detected as incidentalomas in radiological evaluation. Histomorphological examination aided by Immunohistochemistry (IHC) when needed, constitutes the mainstay in the diagnosis of adrenal neoplasms. Aim: To document and analyse the clinicopathological features of the tumours of adrenal gland encountered in the surgical pathology laboratory of a tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective observational study including the tissue samples of adrenal gland submitted for histopathological evaluation in the Institute of Pathology, Madras Medical College, Chennai, a tertiary referral centre over a period of seven and half years from January 2010 to June 2017. The various neoplastic and non-neoplastic conditions encountered were analysed with reference to age, gender, clinical characteristics (functional status, radiological findings, biochemical investigations), gross and histopathological features including IHC based on the data retrieved from the registers in the surgical pathology section of the institute. Also, Haematoxylin and Eosin stained Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded (FFPE) tissue sections of the study sample were reviewed microscopically to study the histopathological features. Results: The study group which included only adults showed that primary adrenal neoplasms were the most frequently encountered lesions with majority of the cases (82%, 60/73 cases) in 20-50 years age group and with a female preponderance (66%, 48/73 cases). Pheochromocytoma, the commonest tumour observed was generally functional (64.7%, 22/34 cases). Weiss system had a score of more than three in all the Adrenal Cortical Carcinomas (ACC) studied. Conclusion: The spectrum of primary adrenal neoplasms studied showed a varied clinical presentation. They were generally unilateral and ...
    Keywords adrenal cortex neoplasms ; myelolipoma ; pheochromocytoma ; Microbiology ; QR1-502 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Subject code 630
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher JCDR Research and Publications Pvt. Ltd.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Macrophage-derived CCL23 upregulates expression of T-cell exhaustion markers in ovarian cancer.

    Kamat, Kalika / Krishnan, Venkatesh / Dorigo, Oliver

    British journal of cancer

    2022  Volume 127, Issue 6, Page(s) 1026–1033

    Abstract: Background: Macrophages are an important component of the tumour immune microenvironment (TME) and can promote tumour growth and metastasis. Macrophage-secreted chemokine-ligand-23 (CCL23) induces ovarian cancer cell migration via chemokine-receptor 1 ( ... ...

    Abstract Background: Macrophages are an important component of the tumour immune microenvironment (TME) and can promote tumour growth and metastasis. Macrophage-secreted chemokine-ligand-23 (CCL23) induces ovarian cancer cell migration via chemokine-receptor 1 (CCR1). However, the effect of CCL23 on other immune cells in the TME is unknown.
    Methods: CCL23 levels were measured by ELISA. The expression of surface markers in exhaustion assays was quantified by flow cytometry. Signalling pathways were identified by phosphokinase array and validated by western blot.
    Results: Ascites from patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC) contain high levels of CCL23. Similarly, significantly higher CCL23 levels were found in plasma from HGSC patients compared to healthy individuals. RNA-seq analysis of ovarian cancer tissues from TCGA showed that expression of CCL23 correlated with the presence of macrophages. In tissues with high levels of CCL23 and macrophage content, the fraction of CD8 + T cells expressing exhaustion markers CTLA-4 and PD-1 were significantly higher compared to low-level CCL23 tissues. In vitro, CCL23 induced upregulation of immune checkpoint proteins on CD8 + T cells, including CTLA-4, TIGIT, TIM-3 and LAG-3 via phosphorylation of GSK3β in CD8 + T cells.
    Conclusions: Our data suggest that CCL23 produced by macrophages contributes to the immune-suppressive TME in ovarian cancer by inducing an exhausted T-cell phenotype.
    MeSH term(s) CTLA-4 Antigen ; Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial/metabolism ; Chemokine CCL22/metabolism ; Chemokines, CC/metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Ligands ; Macrophages/metabolism ; Ovarian Neoplasms/metabolism ; Tumor Microenvironment
    Chemical Substances CCL23 protein, human ; CTLA-4 Antigen ; Chemokine CCL22 ; Chemokines, CC ; Ligands
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-24
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 80075-2
    ISSN 1532-1827 ; 0007-0920
    ISSN (online) 1532-1827
    ISSN 0007-0920
    DOI 10.1038/s41416-022-01887-3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Optimization and prediction of CBN tool life sustainability during AA1100 CNC turning by response surface methodology.

    H, Faisal M / Krishnan, A Mohana / Prabagaran, S / Venkatesh, R / Kumar, D Satish / Christysudha, J / Seikh, A H / Iqbal, A / Ramaraj, Elangomathavan

    Heliyon

    2023  Volume 9, Issue 8, Page(s) e18807

    Abstract: The aluminium alloy (AA1100) was familiar with automotive flexible shaft coupling applications due to its high strength, good machinability, and superior thermal and resistance to corrosion characteristics. Machining tool life drives the prominent role ... ...

    Abstract The aluminium alloy (AA1100) was familiar with automotive flexible shaft coupling applications due to its high strength, good machinability, and superior thermal and resistance to corrosion characteristics. Machining tool life drives the prominent role for deciding the product quality (machining) act aims to productivity target with zero interruptions. The novelty of this present investigation is the focus on increasing tool life during the complexity of CNC turning operation for AA1100 alloy by using CBN coated insert tool with varied input parameters of spindle speed (SS), feed rate (f), and depth of cut (DOC). Design of experiment (L16), analysis of variance (ANOVA) statistical system adopted with response surface methodology (RSM) is implemented for experimental analysis. The turning input parameters of SS, f and DOC are considered as factors and its SS (900, 1100, 1300, and 1500 rpm), f (0.1, 0.15, 0.2, and 0.25), and DOC (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 mm) values are treated as levels. The investigational analysis was made with the ANOVA technique and the desirability of high tool life with input turning parameters was optimized by RSM, and sample no 11/16 was predicted as high tool life and performed with extended working hours compared to other samples. The RSM optimized best turning parameter combinations are 0.1 mm DOC, 0.2mm/rev to 0.25mm/rev f, and 1300 rpm-1500 rpm SS, facilitating a higher tool life of more than 20min.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2835763-2
    ISSN 2405-8440
    ISSN 2405-8440
    DOI 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18807
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Challenges and Future Prospects of Targeting Myostatin/Activin A Signaling to Treat Diseases of Muscle Loss and Metabolic Dysfunction.

    Lee, Se-Jin / Bhasin, Shalender / Klickstein, Lloyd / Krishnan, Venkatesh / Rooks, Daniel

    The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences

    2023  Volume 78, Issue Suppl 1, Page(s) 32–37

    Abstract: Over the past 25 years, considerable progress has been made in terms of elucidating the regulatory and signaling mechanisms underlying the control of skeletal muscle mass by myostatin and other secreted proteins belonging to the transforming growth ... ...

    Abstract Over the past 25 years, considerable progress has been made in terms of elucidating the regulatory and signaling mechanisms underlying the control of skeletal muscle mass by myostatin and other secreted proteins belonging to the transforming growth factor-β superfamily. Preclinical studies demonstrating the potential benefits of targeting the activities of these ligands have fueled the development of numerous biologics capable of perturbing this signaling pathway and increasing muscle mass and function. These biologics have been tested in numerous clinical trials for a wide range of indications characterized by muscle loss and excess adiposity. Here, we review the results of these trials and discuss some of the challenges and future prospects for targeting this signaling pathway to treat muscle and metabolic diseases. Myostatin inhibitors may improve metabolic outcomes by increasing muscle mass, and metabolic disorders may be attractive potential indications for these molecules.
    MeSH term(s) Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism ; Myostatin ; Signal Transduction/physiology ; Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolism
    Chemical Substances activin A ; Myostatin ; Transforming Growth Factor beta
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Review ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1223643-3
    ISSN 1758-535X ; 1079-5006
    ISSN (online) 1758-535X
    ISSN 1079-5006
    DOI 10.1093/gerona/glad033
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Immune health grades: Finding resilience in the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond.

    Marconi, Vincent C / Krishnan, Venkatesh / Ely, E Wesley / Montano, Monty

    The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology

    2021  Volume 149, Issue 2, Page(s) 565–568

    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; Humans ; Pandemics ; SARS-CoV-2
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 121011-7
    ISSN 1097-6825 ; 1085-8725 ; 0091-6749
    ISSN (online) 1097-6825 ; 1085-8725
    ISSN 0091-6749
    DOI 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.10.025
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Androgens and Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators to Treat Functional Limitations Associated With Aging and Chronic Disease.

    Bhasin, Shalender / Krishnan, Venkatesh / Storer, Thomas W / Steiner, Mitchell / Dobs, Adrian S

    The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences

    2023  Volume 78, Issue Suppl 1, Page(s) 25–31

    Abstract: Testosterone, many steroidal androgens, and nonsteroidal ligands that bind to androgen receptor and exert tissue-specific transcriptional activity (selective androgen receptor modulators [SARMs]) are being developed as function-promoting therapies to ... ...

    Abstract Testosterone, many steroidal androgens, and nonsteroidal ligands that bind to androgen receptor and exert tissue-specific transcriptional activity (selective androgen receptor modulators [SARMs]) are being developed as function-promoting therapies to treat functional limitations associated with aging and chronic diseases. This narrative review describes preclinical studies, mechanisms, and randomized trials of testosterone, other androgens, and nonsteroidal SARMs. Sex differences in muscle mass and strength and empiric use of anabolic steroids by athletes to increase muscularity and athletic performance provide supportive evidence of testosterone's anabolic effects. In randomized trials, testosterone treatment increases lean body mass, muscle strength, leg power, aerobic capacity, and self-reported mobility. These anabolic effects have been reported in healthy men, hypogonadal men, older men with mobility limitation and chronic diseases, menopausal women, and HIV-infected women with weight loss. Testosterone has not consistently improved walking speed. Testosterone treatment increases volumetric and areal bone mineral density, and estimated bone strength; improves sexual desire, erectile function, and sexual activity; modestly improves depressive symptoms; and corrects unexplained anemia in older men with low testosterone levels. Prior studies have not been of sufficient size or duration to determine testosterone's cardiovascular and prostate safety. The efficacy of testosterone in reducing physical limitations, fractures, falls, progression to diabetes, and correcting late-onset persistent depressive disorder remains to be established. Strategies to translate androgen-induced muscle mass and strength gains into functional improvements are needed. Future studies should evaluate the efficacy of combined administration of testosterone (or a SARM) plus multidimensional functional exercise to induce neuromuscular adaptations required for meaningful functional improvements.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Female ; Male ; Aged ; Androgens ; Receptors, Androgen/metabolism ; Anabolic Agents/adverse effects ; Testosterone/therapeutic use ; Androgen Antagonists/therapeutic use ; Chronic Disease ; Aging
    Chemical Substances Androgens ; Receptors, Androgen ; Anabolic Agents ; Testosterone (3XMK78S47O) ; Androgen Antagonists
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Review ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1223643-3
    ISSN 1758-535X ; 1079-5006
    ISSN (online) 1758-535X
    ISSN 1079-5006
    DOI 10.1093/gerona/glad027
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Volatile Oil Profiles of Aerial and Underground Plant Parts of Annona muricata L. (Annonaceae) Grown in Goa, India

    Naik, Aditi Venkatesh / Sellappan, Krishnan

    Journal of essential oil-bearing plants. 2021 July 04, v. 24, no. 4

    2021  

    Abstract: Annona muricata Linn illustrates an extensive spectrum of ethno-pharmacological applications. The biogenic occurrence of essential oils along with other active metabolites is responsible for the bio-active functionalities offered by various plant parts ... ...

    Abstract Annona muricata Linn illustrates an extensive spectrum of ethno-pharmacological applications. The biogenic occurrence of essential oils along with other active metabolites is responsible for the bio-active functionalities offered by various plant parts of A. muricata. Owing to considerable intra-species and intra-organ diversity in essential oil compositions; the objective of this study was to validate and assess the volatile oil profiles of A. muricata plant parts cultivated in Goa, India. The essential oils were derived by hydro-distilling pulverized dried-plant samples namely rind, pulp, seed, leaf, bark and roots using glass Clevenger- type device. The quantity of essential oil yield varied substantially, depending on the plant organs from which the samples were isolated. GC/MS chemical profiling of plant organs revealed largest proportion of γ-sitosterol (28.76 %), (Z)-11-hexadecenal, 1-chlorononadecane and α-gurjunene in pulp, seed, bark and root essential oils respectively. Phytol, on the other hand, was the most prevalent essential oil component in both the rind (47.16 %) and the leaf (37.7 %). Whereas, the sole volatile found in all plant parts analysed was β-caryophyllene with greatest proportion in roots trailed by leaf and lowest in seed. Essential oils were found in significantly diverse amounts and sorts in various parts of A. muricata, including the rind, pulp, seed, leaf, bark, and root. Cluster analysis of essential oil composition from six different plant sections revealed major chemical heterogeneity, with rind-leaf and pulp-root developing a comparatively good relationship. Thus, the present study indicates that the essential oils isolated from various organs of A. muricata form a unique amalgam of bioactive metabolites that could be used as a potential medicinal source.
    Keywords Annona muricata ; bark ; cluster analysis ; essential oils ; glass ; leaves ; metabolites ; pulp ; traditional medicine ; India
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-0704
    Size p. 683-694.
    Publishing place Taylor & Francis
    Document type Article
    ISSN 0976-5026
    DOI 10.1080/0972060X.2021.1981160
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  10. Article ; Online: Agarose Micro-Well Platform for Rapid Generation of Homogenous 3D Tumor Spheroids.

    Krishnan, Mena Asha / Yadav, Kratika / Chelvam, Venkatesh

    Current protocols

    2021  Volume 1, Issue 7, Page(s) e199

    Abstract: In recent years, 3D culture of tumor spheroids has managed to revolutionize cancer research and drug discovery. 2D monolayer cells grown in cell culture flasks undergo radical changes in cell behavior, structure, and function owing to varying ... ...

    Abstract In recent years, 3D culture of tumor spheroids has managed to revolutionize cancer research and drug discovery. 2D monolayer cells grown in cell culture flasks undergo radical changes in cell behavior, structure, and function owing to varying environmental cues and are unable to provide predictive data for preclinical evaluation. 3D tumor spheroids can better recapitulate tumor architecture, cell-cell and cell-matrix connectivity, and the tissue complexity of tumors grown in animal models. However, many of the existing techniques to culture 3D spheroids are time-consuming and ineffective and produce irregular-shaped spheroids that cannot be easily incorporated in biological assays. The set of protocols described herein makes use of a commercial hair brush as a template to create concave micro-well impressions in agarose. This technique is easy, inexpensive, and adaptable and also has the ability to produce uniform, homogenous cancer spheroids, with large diameter (∼1000 μm) and thickness (∼250 μm), within 24 to 48 hr after cell seeding. The 3D spheroids produced using the agarose micro-well platform function as an excellent 3D in vitro model for understanding the extent of penetration, uptake, and distribution of targeted cargos such as a diagnostic or therapeutic agents for identification and treatment of cancer. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Fabrication of agarose micro-well scaffold for growing tumor spheroids using a commercial hair brush Basic Protocol 2: Formation of homogenous tumor spheroids in agarose micro-well platform Basic Protocol 3: Assessing viability of 3D tumor spheroids grown in agarose micro-wells using confocal microscopy Basic Protocol 4: Analyzing uptake and penetration of targeted fluorescent bioconjugate in 3D tumor spheroids using two-photon imaging.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Drug Discovery ; Neoplasms ; Sepharose ; Spheroids, Cellular
    Chemical Substances Sepharose (9012-36-6)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-20
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2691-1299
    ISSN (online) 2691-1299
    DOI 10.1002/cpz1.199
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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