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  1. Article ; Online: Editorial: CRISPR and beyond: Cutting-edge technologies for gene correction in therapeutic applications.

    Hendel, Ayal / Bak, Rasmus O

    Frontiers in genome editing

    2023  Volume 5, Page(s) 1203864

    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-20
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Editorial
    ISSN 2673-3439
    ISSN (online) 2673-3439
    DOI 10.3389/fgeed.2023.1203864
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: The p53 challenge of hematopoietic stem cell gene editing.

    Dorset, Sofie R / Bak, Rasmus O

    Molecular therapy. Methods & clinical development

    2023  Volume 30, Page(s) 83–89

    Abstract: ... Ex ... ...

    Abstract Ex vivo
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2872938-9
    ISSN 2329-0501 ; 2329-0501
    ISSN (online) 2329-0501
    ISSN 2329-0501
    DOI 10.1016/j.omtm.2023.06.003
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Enrichment strategies to enhance genome editing.

    Mikkelsen, Nanna S / Bak, Rasmus O

    Journal of biomedical science

    2023  Volume 30, Issue 1, Page(s) 51

    Abstract: Genome editing technologies hold great promise for numerous applications including the understanding of cellular and disease mechanisms and the development of gene and cellular therapies. Achieving high editing frequencies is critical to these research ... ...

    Abstract Genome editing technologies hold great promise for numerous applications including the understanding of cellular and disease mechanisms and the development of gene and cellular therapies. Achieving high editing frequencies is critical to these research areas and to achieve the overall goal of being able to manipulate any target with any desired genetic outcome. However, gene editing technologies sometimes suffer from low editing efficiencies due to several challenges. This is often the case for emerging gene editing technologies, which require assistance for translation into broader applications. Enrichment strategies can support this goal by selecting gene edited cells from non-edited cells. In this review, we elucidate the different enrichment strategies, their many applications in non-clinical and clinical settings, and the remaining need for novel strategies to further improve genome research and gene and cellular therapy studies.
    MeSH term(s) Gene Editing ; Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1193378-1
    ISSN 1423-0127 ; 1021-7770
    ISSN (online) 1423-0127
    ISSN 1021-7770
    DOI 10.1186/s12929-023-00943-1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: The Potential of CRISPR/Cas9 in Hematotherapy.

    Bak, Rasmus O

    Stem cells and development

    2019  Volume 28, Issue 11, Page(s) 710–711

    MeSH term(s) CRISPR-Cas Systems/genetics ; Gene Editing/methods ; Humans ; Immunotherapy, Adoptive/methods
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-05-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 2142214-X
    ISSN 1557-8534 ; 1547-3287
    ISSN (online) 1557-8534
    ISSN 1547-3287
    DOI 10.1089/scd.2019.0079
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: CRISPR-Cas-mediated transcriptional modulation: The therapeutic promises of CRISPRa and CRISPRi.

    Bendixen, Louise / Jensen, Trine I / Bak, Rasmus O

    Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy

    2023  Volume 31, Issue 7, Page(s) 1920–1937

    Abstract: The CRISPR-Cas system is commonly known for its ability to cleave DNA in a programmable manner, which has democratized gene editing and facilitated recent breakthroughs in gene therapy. However, newer iterations of the technology using nuclease-disabled ... ...

    Abstract The CRISPR-Cas system is commonly known for its ability to cleave DNA in a programmable manner, which has democratized gene editing and facilitated recent breakthroughs in gene therapy. However, newer iterations of the technology using nuclease-disabled Cas enzymes have spurred a variety of different types of genetic engineering platforms such as transcriptional modulation using the CRISPR activation (CRISPRa) and CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) systems. This review introduces the creation of these programmable transcriptional modulators, various methods of delivery utilized for these systems, and recent technological developments. CRISPRa and CRISPRi have also been implemented in genetic screens for interrogating gene function and discovering genes involved in various biological pathways. We describe recent compelling examples of how these tools have become powerful means to unravel genetic networks and uncovering important information about devastating diseases. Finally, we provide an overview of preclinical studies in which transcriptional modulation has been used therapeutically, and we discuss potential future directions of these novel modalities.
    MeSH term(s) CRISPR-Cas Systems/genetics ; Gene Editing/methods ; Genetic Testing ; Genetic Engineering ; Gene Regulatory Networks
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2010592-7
    ISSN 1525-0024 ; 1525-0016
    ISSN (online) 1525-0024
    ISSN 1525-0016
    DOI 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.03.024
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Enrichment strategies to enhance genome editing

    Nanna S. Mikkelsen / Rasmus O. Bak

    Journal of Biomedical Science, Vol 30, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2023  Volume 21

    Abstract: Abstract Genome editing technologies hold great promise for numerous applications including the understanding of cellular and disease mechanisms and the development of gene and cellular therapies. Achieving high editing frequencies is critical to these ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Genome editing technologies hold great promise for numerous applications including the understanding of cellular and disease mechanisms and the development of gene and cellular therapies. Achieving high editing frequencies is critical to these research areas and to achieve the overall goal of being able to manipulate any target with any desired genetic outcome. However, gene editing technologies sometimes suffer from low editing efficiencies due to several challenges. This is often the case for emerging gene editing technologies, which require assistance for translation into broader applications. Enrichment strategies can support this goal by selecting gene edited cells from non-edited cells. In this review, we elucidate the different enrichment strategies, their many applications in non-clinical and clinical settings, and the remaining need for novel strategies to further improve genome research and gene and cellular therapy studies.
    Keywords CRISPR/Cas ; Enrichment ; Selection ; Reporter ; Integration ; INDELs ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 004
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMC
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells as a Novel Cell-Based Cancer Immunotherapy.

    Hernández, Sabina Sánchez / Jakobsen, Martin Roelsgaard / Bak, Rasmus O

    International journal of molecular sciences

    2022  Volume 23, Issue 19

    Abstract: Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are multifaceted immune cells with a wide range of innate and adaptive immunological functions. They constitute the first line of defence against multiple viral infections and have also been reported to actively ... ...

    Abstract Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are multifaceted immune cells with a wide range of innate and adaptive immunological functions. They constitute the first line of defence against multiple viral infections and have also been reported to actively participate in antitumor immune responses. The clinical implication of the presence of pDCs in the tumor microenvironment (TME) is still ambiguous, but it is clear that pDCs possess the ability to modulate tumor-specific T cell responses and direct cytotoxic functions. Therapeutic strategies designed to exploit these qualities of pDCs to boost tumor-specific immune responses could represent an attractive alternative compared to conventional therapeutic approaches in the future, and promising antitumor effects have already been reported in phase I/II clinical trials. Here, we review the many roles of pDCs in cancer and present current advances in developing pDC-based immunotherapeutic approaches for treating cancer.
    MeSH term(s) Dendritic Cells ; Humans ; Immunotherapy ; Neoplasms/drug therapy ; T-Lymphocytes ; Tumor Microenvironment
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-27
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2019364-6
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    ISSN (online) 1422-0067
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    DOI 10.3390/ijms231911397
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Recent Advances in the Development of Anti-FLT3 CAR T-Cell Therapies for Treatment of AML.

    Pedersen, Maya Graham / Møller, Bjarne Kuno / Bak, Rasmus O

    Biomedicines

    2022  Volume 10, Issue 10

    Abstract: Following the success of the anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapies against B-cell malignancies, the CAR T-cell approach is being developed towards other malignancies like acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Treatment options for relapsed ... ...

    Abstract Following the success of the anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapies against B-cell malignancies, the CAR T-cell approach is being developed towards other malignancies like acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Treatment options for relapsed AML patients are limited, and the upregulation of the FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) in malignant T-cells is currently not only being investigated as a prognostic factor, but also as a target for new treatment options. In this review, we provide an overview and discuss different approaches of current anti-FLT3 CAR T-cells under development. In general, these therapies are effective both in vitro and in vivo, however the safety profile still needs to be further investigated. The first clinical trials have been initiated, and the community now awaits clinical evaluation of the approach of targeting FLT3 with CAR T-cells.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-30
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2720867-9
    ISSN 2227-9059
    ISSN 2227-9059
    DOI 10.3390/biomedicines10102441
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Enrichment of transgene integrations by transient CRISPR activation of a silent reporter gene.

    Mikkelsen, Nanna S / Hernandez, Sabina S / Jensen, Trine I / Schneller, Jessica L / Bak, Rasmus O

    Molecular therapy. Methods & clinical development

    2023  Volume 29, Page(s) 1–16

    Abstract: CRISPR-Cas-mediated site-specific integration of transgenes by homology-directed repair (HDR) is challenging, especially in primary cells, where inferior editing efficiency may impede the development of gene- and cellular therapies. Various strategies ... ...

    Abstract CRISPR-Cas-mediated site-specific integration of transgenes by homology-directed repair (HDR) is challenging, especially in primary cells, where inferior editing efficiency may impede the development of gene- and cellular therapies. Various strategies for enrichment of cells with transgene integrations have been developed, but most strategies either generate unwanted genomic scars or rely on permanent integration and expression of a reporter gene used for selection. However, stable expression of a reporter gene may perturb cell homeostasis and function. Here we develop a broadly applicable and versatile enrichment strategy by harnessing the capability of CRISPR activation (CRISPRa) to transiently induce expression of a therapeutically relevant reporter gene used for immunomagnetic enrichment. This strategy is readily adaptable to primary human T cells and CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), where enrichment of 1.8- to 3.3-fold and 3.2- to 3.6-fold was achieved, respectively. Furthermore, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells were enriched 2.5-fold and demonstrated improved cytotoxicity over non-enriched CAR T cells. Analysis of HDR integrations showed a proportion of cells harboring deletions of the transgene cassette arising either from impartial HDR or truncated adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector genomes. Nonetheless, this novel enrichment strategy expands the possibility to enrich for transgene integrations in research settings and in gene and cellular therapies.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2872938-9
    ISSN 2329-0501 ; 2329-0501
    ISSN (online) 2329-0501
    ISSN 2329-0501
    DOI 10.1016/j.omtm.2023.02.010
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: CRISPR/Cas-Based Gene Editing Strategies for DOCK8 Immunodeficiency Syndrome.

    Ravendran, Sujan / Hernández, Sabina Sánchez / König, Saskia / Bak, Rasmus O

    Frontiers in genome editing

    2022  Volume 4, Page(s) 793010

    Abstract: Defects in the DOCK8 gene causes combined immunodeficiency termed DOCK8 immunodeficiency syndrome (DIDS). DIDS previously belonged to the disease category of autosomal recessive hyper IgE syndrome (AR-HIES) but is now classified as a combined ... ...

    Abstract Defects in the DOCK8 gene causes combined immunodeficiency termed DOCK8 immunodeficiency syndrome (DIDS). DIDS previously belonged to the disease category of autosomal recessive hyper IgE syndrome (AR-HIES) but is now classified as a combined immunodeficiency (CID). This genetic disorder induces early onset of susceptibility to severe recurrent viral and bacterial infections, atopic diseases and malignancy resulting in high morbidity and mortality. This pathological state arises from impairment of actin polymerization and cytoskeletal rearrangement, which induces improper immune cell migration-, survival-, and effector functions. Owing to the severity of the disease, early allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is recommended even though it is associated with risk of unintended adverse effects, the need for compatible donors, and high expenses. So far, no alternative therapies have been developed, but the monogenic recessive nature of the disease suggests that gene therapy may be applied. The advent of the CRISPR/Cas gene editing system heralds a new era of possibilities in precision gene therapy, and positive results from clinical trials have already suggested that the tool may provide definitive cures for several genetic disorders. Here, we discuss the potential application of different CRISPR/Cas-mediated genetic therapies to correct the DOCK8 gene. Our findings encourage the pursuit of CRISPR/Cas-based gene editing approaches, which may constitute more precise, affordable, and low-risk definitive treatment options for DOCK8 deficiency.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-17
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2673-3439
    ISSN (online) 2673-3439
    DOI 10.3389/fgeed.2022.793010
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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