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Article ; Online: Reply to De Palma D.

Hewitt, Ian K / Roebuck, Derek J / Montini, Giovanni

2024 Volume 54, Issue 4, Page(s) 657–658

Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-15
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	124459-0
ISSN	1432-1998 ; 0301-0449
ISSN (online)	1432-1998
ISSN	0301-0449
DOI	10.1007/s00247-024-05906-8
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Article ; Online: Conflicting views of physicians and surgeons concerning pediatric urinary tract infection: a comparative review.

Hewitt, Ian K / Roebuck, Derek J / Montini, Giovanni

Pediatric radiology

2023 Volume 53, Issue 13, Page(s) 2651–2661

Abstract: Background: A first febrile urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common condition in children, and pathways of management have evolved over time.: Objective: To determine the extent to which pediatricians and surgeons differ in their investigation and ... ...

Abstract	Background: A first febrile urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common condition in children, and pathways of management have evolved over time. Objective: To determine the extent to which pediatricians and surgeons differ in their investigation and management of a first febrile UTI, and to evaluate the justifications for any divergence of approach. Materials and methods: A literature search was conducted for papers addressing investigation and/or management following a first febrile UTI in children published between 2011 and 2021. Searches were conducted on Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register. To be eligible for inclusion, a paper was required to provide recommendations on one or more of the following: ultrasound (US) and voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG), the need for continuous antibiotic prophylaxis and surgery when vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) was detected. The authorship required at least one pediatrician or surgeon. Authorship was categorized as medical, surgical, or combined. Results: Pediatricians advocated less imaging and intervention and were more inclined to adopt a "watchful-waiting" approach, confident that any significant abnormality, grades IV-V VUR in particular, should be detected following a second febrile UTI. In contrast, surgeons were more likely to recommend imaging to detect VUR (p<0.00001), and antibiotic prophylaxis (p<0.001) and/or surgical correction (p=0.004) if it was detected, concerned that any delay in diagnosis and treatment could place the child at risk of kidney damage. Papers with combined authorship displayed intermediate results. Conclusion: There are two distinct directions in the literature regarding the investigation of an uncomplicated first febrile UTI in a child. In general, when presented with a first febrile UTI in a child, physicians recommend fewer investigations and less treatment, in contrast to surgeons who advocate extensive investigation and aggressive intervention in the event that imaging detects an abnormality. This has the potential to confuse the carers of affected children.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; Infant ; Urinary Tract Infections/diagnostic imaging ; Urinary Tract Infections/complications ; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux/diagnostic imaging ; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux/complications ; Cystography ; Antibiotic Prophylaxis/adverse effects ; Surgeons ; Retrospective Studies
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-30
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Review ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	124459-0
ISSN	1432-1998 ; 0301-0449
ISSN (online)	1432-1998
ISSN	0301-0449
DOI	10.1007/s00247-023-05771-x
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Violence and posttraumatic change (PTC).

Roebuck, Benjamin S / Sattler, Patricia L / Clayton, Alicia K

Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy

2022 Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 18–26

Abstract: Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the ways in which Canadian victims and survivors of violent crime describe and make sense of their posttraumatic experience(s).: Method: This qualitative study drew on open-ended responses from a ... ...

Abstract	Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the ways in which Canadian victims and survivors of violent crime describe and make sense of their posttraumatic experience(s). Method: This qualitative study drew on open-ended responses from a mixed methods online survey with Canadian victims and survivors of violent crime ( Findings: Analyses resulted in multiple themes organized into three broad categories: (a) negative posttraumatic changes, (b) positive posttraumatic changes, and (c) resistance to the language of posttraumatic growth. Conclusion: Results suggest the importance of approaching the posttraumatic experience with a focus on perceptions of change rather than growth. The concept of "posttraumatic change" is more responsive to the dynamic process of change that victims and survivors of violence experience, which is often difficult to frame with language focused exclusively on stress or growth. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Female ; Crime Victims ; Canada ; Violence ; Sex Offenses ; Homicide
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2497028-1
ISSN	1942-969X ; 1942-9681
ISSN (online)	1942-969X
ISSN	1942-9681
DOI	10.1037/tra0001222
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Diagnostic yield and safety of ultrasound-guided percutaneous testicular biopsies in children.

Minhas, Kishore / Roebuck, Derek J / Sebire, Neil / Cho, Alexander / Patel, Premal A

Pediatric radiology

2023 Volume 53, Issue 9, Page(s) 1903–1910

Abstract: Background: Traditionally, testicular biopsy is performed using an open surgical approach. Ultrasound-guided percutaneous biopsy is a less invasive alternative and can be performed in children.: Objective: The aim of this study is to report our ... ...

Abstract	Background: Traditionally, testicular biopsy is performed using an open surgical approach. Ultrasound-guided percutaneous biopsy is a less invasive alternative and can be performed in children. Objective: The aim of this study is to report our technique and to assess the diagnostic accuracy and safety of ultrasound-guided percutaneous biopsy of testicular masses in children. Materials and methods: This is a 16-year retrospective review of ultrasound-guided percutaneous testicular biopsies at a single pediatric hospital. Results: We performed nine ultrasound-guided testicular biopsies in 9 patients (median age: 3 years, range: 4 months-11 years; median weight: 20.9 kg, range: 8.4-35 kg; median volume of testicular lesion biopsied: 4.4 mL, range: 1.2-17 mL). A percutaneous co-axial technique was used for 5/9 biopsies with absorbable gelatin sponge tract embolization performed in 4 of those biopsies. A non-co-axial technique was used in 4/9 biopsies. A median of three cores, range 2-6, were obtained. The diagnostic yield was 89% with one biopsy yielding material suggestive of, but insufficient for, a definitive diagnosis. The most common histological diagnosis was leukemic infiltration, occurring in 6/9 biopsies. Of the remaining three biopsies, one biopsy was suggestive of, but not confirmatory for, juvenile granulosa cell tumor and two biopsies confirmed normal testicular tissue; the long-term follow-up of which demonstrated normal growth and no lasting damage. There was one (clinically insignificant) complication out of nine biopsies (11%, 95% confidence interval 0-44%): a mild, self-resolving scrotal hematoma. Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided testicular biopsy can be performed safely in children as an alternative to open surgical biopsy, with a high diagnostic yield and low complication rate.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Image-Guided Biopsy/methods ; Ultrasonography ; Retrospective Studies ; Hospitals, Pediatric ; Ultrasonography, Interventional
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-13
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	124459-0
ISSN	1432-1998 ; 0301-0449
ISSN (online)	1432-1998
ISSN	0301-0449
DOI	10.1007/s00247-023-05649-y
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Reply to Verma Y.

Minhas, Kishore / Roebuck, Derek J / Sebire, Neil / Cho, Alexander / Patel, Premal A

Pediatric radiology

2023 Volume 53, Issue 9, Page(s) 1971–1973

Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-19
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	124459-0
ISSN	1432-1998 ; 0301-0449
ISSN (online)	1432-1998
ISSN	0301-0449
DOI	10.1007/s00247-023-05690-x
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Impact of smoking status on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in cancer survivors.

Nolazco, José Ignacio / Rosner, Bernard A / Roebuck, Emily H / Bergerot, Cristiane Decat / Rammant, Elke / Iyer, Geetha S / Tang, Yuzhe / Al-Faouri, Ra'ad / Filipas, Dejan K / Leapman, Michael S / Mossanen, Matthew / Chang, Steven Lee

Frontiers in oncology

2024 Volume 13, Page(s) 1261041

Abstract: Introduction: The Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) often declines among cancer survivors due to many factors. Some cancer patients who smoke before the cancer diagnosis continue this harmful habit, potentially contributing to a more significant ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: The Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) often declines among cancer survivors due to many factors. Some cancer patients who smoke before the cancer diagnosis continue this harmful habit, potentially contributing to a more significant decline in their HRQoL. Therefore, this study investigates the association between smoking status and HRQoL in cancer survivors. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study utilizing self-reported cancer history from 39,578 participants of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) database, leveraging 2016 and 2020 year questionaries. A multidimensional composite outcome was created to assess HRQoL, integrating four distinct dimensions - general health, mental health, physical health, and activity limitations. After accounting for the complex survey design, logistic regression models were used to analyze the association between smoking status and poor HRQoL, adjusting for demographic, socioeconomic, and health-related confounders. Results: Our study found that, after adjusting for potential confounders, current smokers exhibited a significantly poorer HRQoL than never smokers (OR 1.65, 95%CI 1.40-1.93). Furthermore, former smokers showed a poorer HRQoL than never smokers; however, this association was not as strong as current smokers (OR 1.22, 95%CI 1.09-1.38). Conclusion: Our findings highlight the adverse association of smoking with poor HRQoL in cancer survivors, underscoring the importance of healthcare professionals prioritizing smoking cessation and providing tailored interventions to support this goal.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-04
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2649216-7
ISSN	2234-943X
ISSN	2234-943X
DOI	10.3389/fonc.2023.1261041
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Utilization of Antireflux Mucosectomy and Resection and Plication: A Novel Approach for the Management of Recurrent Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease after Prior Nissen Fundoplication or Transoral Incisionless Fundoplication.

Randhawa, Navkiran / Khalyfa, Ahamed / Khan, Mahnoor / Roebuck, Christopher / Inam, Mahnoor / Ayub, Kamran

Journal of clinical medicine

2022 Volume 11, Issue 23

Abstract: ... ...

Abstract	Background
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-01
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2662592-1
ISSN	2077-0383
ISSN	2077-0383
DOI	10.3390/jcm11237141
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Botox Injection for Refractory Anal Fissure.

Randhawa, Navkiran / Khalyfa, Ahamed / Aslam, Rida / Roebuck, M Christopher / Inam, Mahnoor / Ayub, Kamran

Journal of clinical medicine

2022 Volume 11, Issue 20

Abstract: Background: Anal fissures cause severe pain and can be difficult to treat. Medical therapy is initially used, followed by sigmoidoscopy-guided botox injections if the medical therapy is not successful. With this technique, however, it is not clear ... ...

Abstract	Background: Anal fissures cause severe pain and can be difficult to treat. Medical therapy is initially used, followed by sigmoidoscopy-guided botox injections if the medical therapy is not successful. With this technique, however, it is not clear whether botox is injected into the muscle layer or submucosa. Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of EUS-guided botox injection directly into the internal sphincter. Methods: Consecutive patients with chronic anal fissure refractory to conventional endoscopic botulinum toxin type A injection were enrolled in the study. EUS was performed using a linear array echoendoscope, and a 25 G needle was used to inject botox. All patients were followed up at one- and two-month intervals. Results: Eight patients with chronic anal fissures were included in the study. Six patients had an excellent response to botox at the two-month interval using a visual analog pain scale, while one patient had a moderate response with a pain score reduction of 40%. One patient had no response. No complications were noted. An improvement in visual analog scale (pre-score > post-score) was statistically significant at the p < 0.01 level. Conclusion: EUS-guided botox injection into the internal sphincter appears to be a promising technique for patients with refractory anal fissure with pain.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-21
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2662592-1
ISSN	2077-0383
ISSN	2077-0383
DOI	10.3390/jcm11206207
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: The Influence of Serpentine Soil on the Early Development of a Non-Serpentine African Thistle, Berkheya radula (Harv.) De Wild

Roebuck, C. J. / Siebert, S. J. / Berner, J. M. / Marcelo-Silva, J.

Plants. 2022 Sept. 09, v. 11, no. 18

2022

Abstract: ... by K, whereas biomass and the density of reaction centers were negatively affected by Ca and P, and ... with each other, whereas they were negatively correlated with the macronutrients K, Ca and P. The latter correlated positively ...

Abstract	Serpentine soils are rich in heavy metals and poor in nutrients, limiting plant species’ performance and survival. Nevertheless, specificities of such limitations as well as adaptability features required for thriving in serpentine environments are barely known. The Barberton Greenstone Belt in South Africa is an example of an area containing serpentine soil with adapted vegetation. In this study, a pot experiment was performed to compare development features (i.e., germination rates, leaf count, leaf length, biomass and photosynthetic capacity) during the early development of the non-serpentine species Berkheya radula, a genus consisting of known metal hyperaccumulators from serpentine areas in South Africa. B. radula was grown in serpentine soils taken from the Barberton region. B. radula leaves had heavy metals in concentrations that confirmed the species as a phytoextractor. There were trends for enhanced productivity and photosynthesis in the serpentine treatments compared to the control. Leaf count, leaf length, electron transport efficiency (ψEₒ/(1 − ψEₒ), density of reaction centers and PIABS,ₜₒₜₐₗ were significantly and positively correlated with at least one of the heavy metals in the leaves. Germination rates were positively influenced by K, whereas biomass and the density of reaction centers were negatively affected by Ca and P, and only Ca, respectively. The heavy metals Zn, Ni and Co were positively correlated with each other, whereas they were negatively correlated with the macronutrients K, Ca and P. The latter correlated positively with each other, confirming higher fertility of the control soil. Our study suggests that B. radula exhibits metallophyte characteristics (i.e., preadapted), despite not naturally occurring on metal-enriched soil, and this provides evidence that the potential for bioaccumulation and phytoremediation is shared between serpentine and non-serpentine species in this genus.
Keywords	bioaccumulation ; biomass ; early development ; electron transfer ; germination ; hyperaccumulators ; leaf length ; leaves ; photosynthesis ; phytoremediation ; serpentine ; serpentine soils ; vegetation ; South Africa
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0909
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2704341-1
ISSN	2223-7747
ISSN	2223-7747
DOI	10.3390/plants11182360
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: The self-assembly of twinned boehmite nanosheets into porous 3D structures in ethanol–water mixtures

Roebuck, Katrina / A.Y. Tremblay

Colloids and surfaces. 2016 Apr. 20, v. 495

2016

Abstract: Surfactant molecules have high surface activity, and can therefore influence the self-assembly of nanomaterials. The self-assembly of twinned boehmite nanosheets into porous 3D superstructures will be greatly affected by the presence of surfactant ... ...

Abstract	Surfactant molecules have high surface activity, and can therefore influence the self-assembly of nanomaterials. The self-assembly of twinned boehmite nanosheets into porous 3D superstructures will be greatly affected by the presence of surfactant monomer and micelles in various ethanol–water mixtures. It should be possible to influence the shape, thickness, and twinning of boehmite nanosheets by varying the concentration of the surfactant and ethanol in the synthesis mixture to obtain high porosity 3D superstructures.The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of cationic surfactant cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was determined in 0, 12.5, 25, 37.5, and 50vol% ethanol–water mixtures. The effect of CTAB on boehmite particle morphology and superstructure formation during self-assembly was explored at the CMC, and at 20%, 15%, 10%, 5% below and above the CMC of CTAB in various ethanol–water mixtures.Boehmite nanosheets with controllable shape and thickness were successfully formed in various ethanol–water mixtures. Prior to micelle formation, the average thickness of nanosheets formed in 0vol%, 25vol%, and 50vol% ethanol–water were 200nm, 110nm and 100nm, respectively. Micelle formation reduced the availability of surfactant molecules for particle templating, broadening the nanosheet thickness distribution. Micelle formation was inhibited in 50vol% ethanol–water due to the increase in Gibbs free energy needed to form micelles relative to the Gibbs free energy of micelles in 0vol% or 25vol% ethanol–water. The enthalpy-driven process gives greater control over the nanosheet thickness, producing particles with narrow thickness distributions. In general, the CMC represented the point at which control is lost over the thickness of the nanoplatelets; increasing the surfactant concentration above the CMC increased the thickness of the nanoplatelets.Particle twinning during crystal growth produced an interconnected 3D network of boehmite particles with high porosity (79–88%) and hydraulic permeability (62.4–809mD). The addition of ethanol during synthesis increased the porosity and reduced the bulk density of the 3D superstructures by 8–11% and 26–28%, respectively, and yielded a ten-fold increase in the hydraulic permeability. The integrity of the porous 3D network was maintained upon calcination, suspension in water and deposition by filtration onto cellulose filter paper.
Keywords	boehmite ; bulk density ; cationic surfactants ; cellulose ; cetyltrimethylammonium bromide ; ethanol ; filtration ; Gibbs free energy ; micelles ; nanosheets ; permeability ; porosity
Language	English
Dates of publication	2016-0420
Size	p. 238-247.
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1500517-3
ISSN	0927-7757
ISSN	0927-7757
DOI	10.1016/j.colsurfa.2016.01.025
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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