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  1. Article ; Online: Maternal serotonin: implications for the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors during gestation†.

    Domingues, Rafael R / Wiltbank, Milo C / Hernandez, Laura L

    Biology of reproduction

    2024  Volume 109, Issue 1, Page(s) 17–28

    Abstract: Maternal use of antidepressants has increased throughout the last decades; selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) are the most prescribed antidepressants. Despite the widespread use of SSRI by women during reproductive age and pregnant women, an ... ...

    Abstract Maternal use of antidepressants has increased throughout the last decades; selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) are the most prescribed antidepressants. Despite the widespread use of SSRI by women during reproductive age and pregnant women, an increasing amount of research warns of possible detrimental effects of maternal use of SSRI during pregnancy including low birthweight/small for gestational age and preterm birth. In this review, we revisited the impact of maternal use of SSRI during pregnancy, its impact on serotonin homeostasis in the maternal and fetal circulation and the placenta, and its impact on pregnancy outcomes-particularly intrauterine growth restriction and preterm birth. Maternal use of SSRI increases maternal and fetal serotonin. The increase in maternal circulating serotonin and serotonin signaling likely promotes vasoconstriction of the uterine and placental vascular beds decreasing blood perfusion to the uterus and consequently to the placenta and fetus with potential impact on placental function and fetal development. Several adverse pregnancy outcomes are similar between women, sheep, and rodents (decreased placental size, decreased birthweight, shorter gestation length/preterm birth, neonatal morbidity, and mortality) highlighting the importance of animal studies to assess the impacts of SSRI. Herein, we address the complex interactions between maternal SSRI use during gestation, circulating serotonin, and the regulation of blood perfusion to the uterus and fetoplacental unit, fetal growth, and pregnancy complications.
    MeSH term(s) Infant, Newborn ; Female ; Pregnancy ; Humans ; Animals ; Sheep ; Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors/adverse effects ; Serotonin/pharmacology ; Premature Birth/chemically induced ; Birth Weight ; Placenta ; Antidepressive Agents/adverse effects ; Pregnancy Outcome
    Chemical Substances Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ; Serotonin (333DO1RDJY) ; Antidepressive Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Review ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1118-6
    ISSN 1529-7268 ; 0006-3363
    ISSN (online) 1529-7268
    ISSN 0006-3363
    DOI 10.1093/biolre/ioad046
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Pregnancy Complications and Neonatal Mortality in a Serotonin Transporter Null Mouse Model: Insight Into the Use of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor During Pregnancy.

    Domingues, Rafael R / Wiltbank, Milo C / Hernandez, Laura L

    Frontiers in medicine

    2022  Volume 9, Page(s) 848581

    Abstract: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) are widely prescribed to pregnant woman. Although some SSRI compounds are known to cause pregnancy loss and fetal malformations, other SSRI continue to be used by pregnant women. However, several studies ... ...

    Abstract Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) are widely prescribed to pregnant woman. Although some SSRI compounds are known to cause pregnancy loss and fetal malformations, other SSRI continue to be used by pregnant women. However, several studies have associated the use of SSRI with adverse pregnancy outcomes: intrauterine growth restriction, preterm birth, and neonatal morbidity. Nonetheless, interpretation of studies in humans are typically complicated by the adverse pregnancy outcomes caused by depression itself. Therefore, we used a mutant mouse model with genetic ablation of the serotonin transporter, the target site for SSRI, to unravel the role of the serotonin transporter on pregnancy outcomes. The serotonin transporter null mice had increased pregnancy loss (17.5 vs. 0%), decreased number of pups born (6.6 ± 0.2 vs. 7.5 ± 0.2), and increased neonatal mortality (2.3-fold). Furthermore, preterm birth, dystocia, and fetal malformations were only observed in serotonin transporter null mice. This genetically ablated serotonin transporter mouse recapitulates several adverse pregnancy outcomes similar to those in women undergoing SSRI treatment during gestation. Additionally, neonatal loss in the present study reproduced a sudden infant death phenotype as in humans and mice with altered serotonergic signaling. In conclusion, findings from this study demonstrate a role for serotonin transporter in pregnancy maintenance and neonatal health. Additionally, it suggests that the adverse pregnancy outcomes in women taking SSRI during gestation might be due to altered serotonin transporter function caused by SSRI independent of underlying depression. This is a critical finding, given the number of women prescribed SSRI during pregnancy, and provides the framework for critical research in this area.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-10
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2775999-4
    ISSN 2296-858X
    ISSN 2296-858X
    DOI 10.3389/fmed.2022.848581
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  3. Article ; Online: The antidepressant fluoxetine (Prozac®) modulates estrogen signaling in the uterus and alters estrous cycles in mice.

    Domingues, Rafael R / Wiltbank, Milo C / Hernandez, Laura L

    Molecular and cellular endocrinology

    2022  Volume 559, Page(s) 111783

    Abstract: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) are the most used antidepressants. However, up to 80% of women taking SSRI suffer from sexual dysfunction. We investigated the effects of fluoxetine (Prozac®) (low and high dose, n = 6-7/group) on ... ...

    Abstract Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) are the most used antidepressants. However, up to 80% of women taking SSRI suffer from sexual dysfunction. We investigated the effects of fluoxetine (Prozac®) (low and high dose, n = 6-7/group) on reproductive function and the regulation of the estrous cycle. All mice treated with high dose of fluoxetine had interruption of estrous cycles within a few days after onset of treatment. When treated for 14 days, mice in the high dose group had fewer CL, often lack of any CL, and antral follicles. Uterine expression of estrogen receptor alpha, G-protein coupled estrogen receptor, and steroidogenesis enzymes were upregulated in the high dose group. Nevertheless, decreased expression of connexin 43 and alkaline phosphatase and increased expression of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 and monoamine oxidase A are consistent with decreased estrogen signaling and the decreased uterine weight. Taken together, fluoxetine modulates estrogen synthesis/signaling and dysregulates estrous cycles.
    MeSH term(s) Mice ; Female ; Animals ; Fluoxetine/pharmacology ; Estrous Cycle ; Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Antidepressive Agents/pharmacology ; Uterus/metabolism ; Estrogens/pharmacology ; Estrogens/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Fluoxetine (01K63SUP8D) ; Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors ; Antidepressive Agents ; Estrogens
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-02
    Publishing country Ireland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 187438-x
    ISSN 1872-8057 ; 0303-7207
    ISSN (online) 1872-8057
    ISSN 0303-7207
    DOI 10.1016/j.mce.2022.111783
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Optimizing ReBreed21 I: Evaluation of endocrine and ovarian dynamics in non-bred Bos indicus heifers.

    Andrade, João Paulo N / Domingues, Rafael R / Carvalho, Bruno P / Gomez-Leon, Victor / Prata, Alexandre B / Sartori, Roberto / Wiltbank, Milo C

    Theriogenology

    2024  Volume 220, Page(s) 77–83

    Abstract: The present study evaluated follicular and endocrine dynamics during ReBreed21, a reproductive strategy that allows resynchronization of ovulation every 21 days in Bos indicus (Nelore) heifers. A synchronized estrous cycle was induced using a standard ... ...

    Abstract The present study evaluated follicular and endocrine dynamics during ReBreed21, a reproductive strategy that allows resynchronization of ovulation every 21 days in Bos indicus (Nelore) heifers. A synchronized estrous cycle was induced using a standard timed ovulation protocol (d -10: P4 implant inserted + 2 mg estradiol benzoate; d -2: P4 removed+ 0.5 mg cloprostenol + 0.6 mg estradiol cypionate + 200 IU equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG); d0: 8.4 μg buserelin) without AI to ensure nonpregnancy in heifers. Day of GnRH was designated d0 of estrous cycle. On d12, heifers (n = 80) were randomized into three experimental groups: (1) ReBreed21 (n = 28) d12 P4 device inserted, d19 P4 device withdrawal plus 200 IU eCG, and d21 8.4 μg buserelin (GnRH); (2) ReBreed21+G (n = 26) same as ReBreed21 plus GnRH (16.8 μg) treatment on d12; and (3) Control (n = 26) no treatment. ReBreed21+G increased two-fold (62.9%; 18/26) percentage of heifers with synchronized follicular wave emergence compared to Control (34.6%; 9/26) whereas ReBreed21 (53.6%; 15/28) was intermediate. The ReBreeed21 groups (eCG on d19) increased (P < 0.01) follicular growth between d19 and d21 in ReBreed21 (2.3 ± 0.2 mm) and ReBreed21+G (3.4 ± 0.2 mm) compared with Control (1.2 ± 0.3 mm), resulting in greater (P < 0.01) follicle diameter on d21 for ReBreed21 (10.7 ± 0.4 mm) and ReBreed21+G (10.8 ± 0.4 mm) compared with Control (9.1 ± 0.5 mm). Structural luteolysis was similar among groups (P = 0.51), although the average day when P4 was <1 ng/mL was later (P < 0.01) for ReBreed21 (20.5 ± 0.2) and ReBreed21+G (20.7 ± 0.2) compared to Control (19.2 ± 0.4). Overall ovulation at the end of the estrous cycle was increased (P = 0.03) for ReBreed21 groups (83.3%; 45/54) compared with Control (57.7%; 15/26). Synchronized ovulation on day 22-23 was greater (P < 0.01) for ReBreed21 (78.6%; 22/28) and ReBreed21+G (76.9%; 20/26) compared with Control (30.8%; 8/26). Thus, the ReBreed21 resynchronization program produced acceptable endocrine and follicular dynamics, including synchronized ovulation at the end of the protocol in nonpregnant heifers providing good rationale for testing the fertility and practical implementation of this protocol under field conditions.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cattle ; Female ; Buserelin/pharmacology ; Estradiol/pharmacology ; Estrus Synchronization/methods ; Gonadotropins, Equine/pharmacology ; Horses ; Insemination, Artificial/veterinary ; Insemination, Artificial/methods ; Ovarian Follicle ; Ovary ; Ovulation ; Progesterone/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances Buserelin (PXW8U3YXDV) ; Estradiol (4TI98Z838E) ; Gonadotropins, Equine ; Progesterone (4G7DS2Q64Y)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial, Veterinary
    ZDB-ID 189232-0
    ISSN 1879-3231 ; 0093-691X
    ISSN (online) 1879-3231
    ISSN 0093-691X
    DOI 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.03.004
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Review: Maintenance of the ruminant corpus luteum during pregnancy: interferon-tau and beyond.

    Wiltbank, Milo C / Monteiro, Pedro L J / Domingues, Rafael R / Andrade, João Paulo N / Mezera, Megan A

    Animal : an international journal of animal bioscience

    2023  Volume 17 Suppl 1, Page(s) 100827

    Abstract: This manuscript reviews the mechanisms that maintain the corpus luteum (CL) of pregnancy in ruminants. In mammals, ovulation and luteinization of the remaining cells in the CL are due to a surge in Luteinizing Hormone (LH). In cattle, continued secretion ...

    Abstract This manuscript reviews the mechanisms that maintain the corpus luteum (CL) of pregnancy in ruminants. In mammals, ovulation and luteinization of the remaining cells in the CL are due to a surge in Luteinizing Hormone (LH). In cattle, continued secretion of pulses of LH is essential for full development and function of the CL during the estrous cycle (LH pulses), however, the few studies on the CL after d20 of pregnancy do not indicate that LH is essential for maintaining the CL of pregnancy. The first essential step in maintaining the CL of pregnancy in ruminants is overcoming the mechanisms that cause regression of the CL in non-pregnant ruminants (d18-25 in cattle; d13-21 in sheep). These mechanisms have a uterine component involving oxytocin-induced prostaglandin F2α (PGF2A) pulses and a luteal component involving decreased progesterone production and luteal cell death. There is a critical role for embryonic interferon-tau (IFNT) in suppressing the uterine secretion of PGF2A during early pregnancy (d13-21 in sheep; d16-25 in cattle) and preventing luteolysis. There are also effects of IFNT on the expression of interferon-stimulated genes in other tissues including the CL but the physiologic role of these interferon-stimulated genes is not yet clear. After the IFNT period, there is another mechanism that maintains the CL of pregnancy in ruminants since embryonic IFNT is inhibited as attachment occurs and trophoblastic binucleate/giant cells begin secretion of pregnancy-associated glycoproteins. The second mechanism for luteal maintenance has not yet been defined but acts in a local manner (ipsilateral to pregnancy), and remains functional from d25 until just before parturition. The most likely mechanisms mediating later maintenance of the CL of pregnancy are increased uterine blood flow or decreased prostaglandin transporter expression in the utero-ovarian vasculature, preventing PGF2A reaching the CL. Finally, implications of these ideas on pregnancy loss in cattle are explored, highlighting the importance of inappropriate regression of the CL of pregnancy as a mechanism for pregnancy loss in cattle.
    MeSH term(s) Pregnancy ; Female ; Cattle ; Sheep ; Animals ; Corpus Luteum ; Ruminants/physiology ; Progesterone ; Luteolysis/metabolism ; Ovary ; Luteinizing Hormone ; Dinoprost
    Chemical Substances Progesterone (4G7DS2Q64Y) ; Luteinizing Hormone (9002-67-9) ; Dinoprost (B7IN85G1HY)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2257920-5
    ISSN 1751-732X ; 1751-7311
    ISSN (online) 1751-732X
    ISSN 1751-7311
    DOI 10.1016/j.animal.2023.100827
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  6. Article ; Online: Pregnancy-induced changes in the transcriptome of the bovine corpus luteum during and after embryonic interferon-tau secretion†.

    Mezera, Megan A / Li, Wenli / Wiltbank, Milo C

    Biology of reproduction

    2021  Volume 105, Issue 1, Page(s) 148–163

    Abstract: Understanding luteal maintenance during early pregnancy is of substantial biological and practical importance. Characterizing effects of early pregnancy, however, has historically been confounded by use of controls with potential exposure to early ... ...

    Abstract Understanding luteal maintenance during early pregnancy is of substantial biological and practical importance. Characterizing effects of early pregnancy, however, has historically been confounded by use of controls with potential exposure to early Prostaglandin F2-alpha (PGF) pulses or differences in Corpus Luteum (CL) age. To avoid this, the present study utilized bihourly blood sampling to ensure control CL (n = 6) were of a similar age to CL from pregnant animals (n = 5), yet without exposure to PGF pulses. Additionally, CL from second month of pregnancy (n = 4) were analyzed to track fate of altered genes after cessation of embryonic interferon tau (IFNT) secretion. The major alteration in gene expression in first month of pregnancy occurred in interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), with immune/interferon signaling pathways enriched in three independent over-representation analyses. Most ISGs decreased during second month of pregnancy, though, surprisingly, some ISGs remained elevated in the second month even after cessation of IFNT secretion. Investigation of luteolytic genes found few altered transcripts, in contrast to previous reports, likely due to removal of controls exposed to PGF pulses. An exception to this trend was decreased expression of transcription factor NR4A1. Beyond luteolytic genes and ISGs, over representation analyses highlighted the prevalence of altered genes within the extracellular matrix and regulation of Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) availability, confirming results of other studies independent of luteolytic genes. These results support the idea that CL maintenance in early pregnancy is related to lack of PGF exposure, although potential roles for CL expression of diverse ISGs and other pathways activated during early pregnancy remain undefined.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cattle ; Corpus Luteum/physiology ; Embryo, Mammalian/embryology ; Embryo, Mammalian/physiology ; Female ; Interferon Type I/metabolism ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Proteins/metabolism ; Pregnancy, Animal ; Transcriptome
    Chemical Substances Interferon Type I ; Pregnancy Proteins ; interferon tau
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 1118-6
    ISSN 1529-7268 ; 0006-3363
    ISSN (online) 1529-7268
    ISSN 0006-3363
    DOI 10.1093/biolre/ioab034
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  7. Article ; Online: Expression patterns of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2, prostaglandin F2A receptor and immediate early genes at mRNA level in the bovine corpus luteum after intrauterine treatment with a low dose of prostaglandin F2A.

    Atli, Mehmet O / Mehta, Vatsal / Vezina, Chad M / Wiltbank, Milo C

    Theriogenology

    2022  Volume 189, Page(s) 70–76

    Abstract: The present study evaluated expression patterns of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 gene ...

    Abstract The present study evaluated expression patterns of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 gene/Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 gene (CCL2/MCP-1), prostaglandin F2 alpha receptor gene (PTGFR) and immediate early genes including nuclear receptor subfamily 4, group A, member 1 (NR4A1), early growth response 1 (EGR1) and FBJ murine osteosarcoma viral oncogene homolog (FOS) in cells of the bovine corpus luteum after intrauterine infusion of a low dose of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2A) aimed at enhancing our understanding of the mechanisms of luteolysis. Holstein dairy cows were superovulated (>6 corpora lutea [CL]) and on day 9 of the estrous cycle were infused with a low dose of PGF2A (0.5 mg PGF2A in 0.25 ml phosphate buffered saline) into the greater curvature of the uterine horn ipsilateral to the CL. Ultrasound-guided biopsy samples of different CL were collected at 0 min, 15 min, 30 min, 1h, 2h and 6h after PGF2A infusion. Expression profiles and localization of mRNA for PTGFR, CCL2/MCP-1, and immediate early genes (NR4A1, EGR1 and FOS), were investigated by using qPCR and in situ hybridization. The concentrations of early response genes including FOS, NR4A1, and EGR1 exhibited the greatest increase at 30 min after PGF2A, compared to other time points. Expression profile of CCL2 mRNA increased gradually after intrauterine infusion of PGF2A with maximal up-regulation for CCL2 at 6h. Abundance of PTGFR mRNA only increased at 15 min and significantly decreased at 6h, compared to 0 min. Cellular localizations of all studied genes except CCL2 (primarily localized to apparent immune cells) were predominantly visualized in large luteal cells. Interestingly, early response genes demonstrated a changing profile in cellular localization with initial responses appearing to be in both large luteal cells and endothelial cells, although no staining for PTGFR mRNA was observed in endothelial cells. Later, sustained responses, were only observed in large luteal cells, although PTGFR mRNA was decreasing in large luteal cells over time after PGF2A. The involvement of the immune system was also highlighted by the immediate increases in CCL2 mRNA that became much greater over time as there was an apparent influx of CCL2-positive immune cells. Thus, the temporal and cell-specific localization patterns for the studied mRNA demonstrate the complex pathways that are responsible for initiation of luteolysis in the bovine CL.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cattle ; Chemokine CCL2/genetics ; Chemokine CCL2/metabolism ; Corpus Luteum/physiology ; Dinoprost/metabolism ; Dinoprost/pharmacology ; Endothelial Cells ; Female ; Genes, Immediate-Early ; Luteolysis/physiology ; Mice ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Chemokine CCL2 ; RNA, Messenger ; Dinoprost (B7IN85G1HY)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 189232-0
    ISSN 1879-3231 ; 0093-691X
    ISSN (online) 1879-3231
    ISSN 0093-691X
    DOI 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.06.007
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  8. Article: Fluoxetine-induced perinatal morbidity in a sheep model.

    Domingues, Rafael R / Beard, Adam D / Connelly, Meghan K / Wiltbank, Milo C / Hernandez, Laura L

    Frontiers in medicine

    2022  Volume 9, Page(s) 955560

    Abstract: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) are the most common antidepressants used by pregnant women. However, adverse pregnancy outcomes have been described in women taking SSRI during pregnancy-placental lesions, premature birth, poor neonatal ... ...

    Abstract Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) are the most common antidepressants used by pregnant women. However, adverse pregnancy outcomes have been described in women taking SSRI during pregnancy-placental lesions, premature birth, poor neonatal adaptation. We aimed to investigate the effects of fluoxetine (Prozac
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-04
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2775999-4
    ISSN 2296-858X
    ISSN 2296-858X
    DOI 10.3389/fmed.2022.955560
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  9. Article ; Online: Pregnancy Complications and Neonatal Mortality in a Serotonin Transporter Null Mouse Model

    Rafael R. Domingues / Milo C. Wiltbank / Laura L. Hernandez

    Frontiers in Medicine, Vol

    Insight Into the Use of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor During Pregnancy

    2022  Volume 9

    Abstract: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) are widely prescribed to pregnant woman. Although some SSRI compounds are known to cause pregnancy loss and fetal malformations, other SSRI continue to be used by pregnant women. However, several studies ... ...

    Abstract Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) are widely prescribed to pregnant woman. Although some SSRI compounds are known to cause pregnancy loss and fetal malformations, other SSRI continue to be used by pregnant women. However, several studies have associated the use of SSRI with adverse pregnancy outcomes: intrauterine growth restriction, preterm birth, and neonatal morbidity. Nonetheless, interpretation of studies in humans are typically complicated by the adverse pregnancy outcomes caused by depression itself. Therefore, we used a mutant mouse model with genetic ablation of the serotonin transporter, the target site for SSRI, to unravel the role of the serotonin transporter on pregnancy outcomes. The serotonin transporter null mice had increased pregnancy loss (17.5 vs. 0%), decreased number of pups born (6.6 ± 0.2 vs. 7.5 ± 0.2), and increased neonatal mortality (2.3-fold). Furthermore, preterm birth, dystocia, and fetal malformations were only observed in serotonin transporter null mice. This genetically ablated serotonin transporter mouse recapitulates several adverse pregnancy outcomes similar to those in women undergoing SSRI treatment during gestation. Additionally, neonatal loss in the present study reproduced a sudden infant death phenotype as in humans and mice with altered serotonergic signaling. In conclusion, findings from this study demonstrate a role for serotonin transporter in pregnancy maintenance and neonatal health. Additionally, it suggests that the adverse pregnancy outcomes in women taking SSRI during gestation might be due to altered serotonin transporter function caused by SSRI independent of underlying depression. This is a critical finding, given the number of women prescribed SSRI during pregnancy, and provides the framework for critical research in this area.
    Keywords pregnancy loss ; prenatal mortality ; perinatal mortality ; genetic mouse model ; selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor ; sudden infant death ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 570
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: History, insights, and future perspectives on studies into luteal function in cattle.

    Bishop, Cecily V / Selvaraj, Vimal / Townson, David H / Pate, Joy L / Wiltbank, Milo C

    Journal of animal science

    2022  Volume 100, Issue 7

    Abstract: The corpus luteum (CL) forms following ovulation from the remnant of the Graafian follicle. This transient tissue produces critical hormones to maintain pregnancy, including the steroid progesterone. In cattle and other ruminants, the presence of an ... ...

    Abstract The corpus luteum (CL) forms following ovulation from the remnant of the Graafian follicle. This transient tissue produces critical hormones to maintain pregnancy, including the steroid progesterone. In cattle and other ruminants, the presence of an embryo determines if the lifespan of the CL will be prolonged to ensure successful implantation and gestation, or if the tissue will undergo destruction in the process known as luteolysis. Infertility and subfertility in dairy and beef cattle results in substantial economic loss to producers each year. In addition, this has the potential to exacerbate climate change because more animals are needed to produce high-quality protein to feed the growing world population. Successful pregnancies require coordinated regulation of uterine and ovarian function by the developing embryo. These processes are often collectively termed "maternal recognition of pregnancy." Research into the formation, function, and destruction of the bovine CL by the Northeast Multistate Project, one of the oldest continuously funded Hatch projects by the USDA, has produced a large body of evidence increasing our knowledge of the contribution of ovarian processes to fertility in ruminants. This review presents some of the seminal research into the regulation of the ruminant CL, as well as identifying mechanisms that remain to be completely validated in the bovine CL. This review also contains a broad discussion of the roles of prostaglandins, immune cells, as well as mechanisms contributing to steroidogenesis in the ruminant CL. A triadic model of luteolysis is discussed wherein the interactions among immune cells, endothelial cells, and luteal cells dictate the ability of the ruminant CL to respond to a luteolytic stimulus, along with other novel hypotheses for future research.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cattle ; Corpus Luteum/physiology ; Endothelial Cells ; Female ; Luteolysis ; Pregnancy ; Progesterone/metabolism ; Ruminants/physiology
    Chemical Substances Progesterone (4G7DS2Q64Y)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 390959-1
    ISSN 1525-3163 ; 0021-8812
    ISSN (online) 1525-3163
    ISSN 0021-8812
    DOI 10.1093/jas/skac143
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