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Article ; Online: Landers M, Creger R, Baker C, Stutelberg K. The use of fear-avoidance beliefs and non-organic signs in predicting prolonged disability in patients with neck pain. Manual Therapy 2007; doi:10.1016/j.math.2007.01.010.

Sterling, Michele / Williamson, Owen D

2008 Volume 13, Issue 3, Page(s) e1–2; author reply e3–4

MeSH term(s)	Disability Evaluation ; Disabled Persons/psychology ; Fear/psychology ; Humans ; Neck Pain/classification ; Neck Pain/psychology
Language	English
Publishing date	2008-06
Publishing country	Scotland
Document type	Comment ; Letter
ZDB-ID	2010590-3
ISSN	1532-2769 ; 1356-689X
ISSN (online)	1532-2769
ISSN	1356-689X
DOI	10.1016/j.math.2007.10.004
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Zs.A 5783: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Hematocrit-Independent Sampling Enables White Blood Cell Counts from Patterned Dried Blood Spot Cards.

Tierney, Allison J / Williamson, Kim C / Stewart, V Ann / Mace, Charles R

Analytical chemistry

2024 Volume 96, Issue 5, Page(s) 1993–1999

Abstract: The accurate and efficient measurement of white blood cell (WBC) counts is vital for monitoring general patient health and can aid in the diagnosis of a range of possible infections or diseases. Even with their importance universally acknowledged, access ...

Abstract	The accurate and efficient measurement of white blood cell (WBC) counts is vital for monitoring general patient health and can aid in the diagnosis of a range of possible infections or diseases. Even with their importance universally acknowledged, access to WBC counts is largely limited to those with access to phlebotomists and centralized clinical laboratories, which house the instruments that perform the tests. As a result, large populations of people (e.g., those that are home-bound or live in remote locations) lack facile access to testing. Dried blood spot (DBS) cards are often used to bridge these gaps in access to testing by offering the ability to collect blood at home for ambient shipping to laboratories. However, it is well understood that these cards, which are prepared from cellulose cardstocks without further modification, suffer from variabilities in accuracy and precision due to uncontrolled sample spreading and hematocrit effects, which have hindered their use to determine WBC counts. In this paper, we present a method to obtain an accurate WBC count using a patterned dried blood spot (pDBS) card, which comprises collection zones that meter volumes of dried blood. Using an input volume of 75 μL of whole blood, we demonstrate that, unlike the gold standard DBS card (Whatman 903), our pDBS design allows for the collection of replicate zones containing a reproducible, average volume of dried blood (12.1 μL, 7.8% CV) over the range of hematocrits from 25 to 55%. We then used qPCR to quantify the
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Hematocrit ; Dried Blood Spot Testing/methods ; Leukocyte Count ; Blood Specimen Collection ; Cellulose
Chemical Substances	Cellulose (9004-34-6)
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1508-8
ISSN	1520-6882 ; 0003-2700
ISSN (online)	1520-6882
ISSN	0003-2700
DOI	10.1021/acs.analchem.3c04439
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Zs.A 4033: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Flow-through imaging and automated analysis of oil-exposed early stage Atlantic cod (

Williamson, David R / Davies, Emlyn J / Ludvigsen, Martin / Hansen, Bjørn Henrik

Toxicology mechanisms and methods

2024 , Page(s) 1–13

Abstract: Toxicology studies in early fish life stages serve an important function in measuring the impact of potentially harmful substances, such as crude oil, on marine life. Morphometric analysis of larvae can reveal the effects of such substances in retarding ... ...

Abstract	Toxicology studies in early fish life stages serve an important function in measuring the impact of potentially harmful substances, such as crude oil, on marine life. Morphometric analysis of larvae can reveal the effects of such substances in retarding growth and development. These studies are labor intensive and time consuming, typically resulting in only a small number of samples being considered. An automated system for imaging and measurement of experimental animals, using flow-through imaging and an artificial neural network to allow faster sampling of more individuals, has been described previously and used in toxicity experiments. This study compares the performance of the automated imaging and analysis system with traditional microscopy techniques in measuring biologically relevant endpoints using two oil treatments as positive controls. We demonstrate that while the automated system typically underestimates morphometric measurements relative to analysis of manual microscopy images, it shows similar statistical results to the manual method when comparing treatments across most endpoints. It allows for many more individual specimens to be sampled in a shorter time period, reducing labor requirements and improving statistical power in such studies, and is noninvasive allowing for repeated sampling of the same population.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2081252-8
ISSN	1537-6524 ; 1537-6516 ; 1051-7235
ISSN (online)	1537-6524
ISSN	1537-6516 ; 1051-7235
DOI	10.1080/15376516.2024.2338389
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Zs.A 3215: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Quantifying the carbon footprint of clinical trials: guidance development and case studies.

Griffiths, Jessica / Fox, Lisa / Williamson, Paula R

BMJ open

2024 Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) e075755

Abstract: Background: The urgency of the climate crisis requires attention from biomedical research, not least clinical trials which can involve significant greenhouse gas emissions. The Low Carbon Clinical Trials Working Group set out a strategy to reduce the ... ...

Abstract	Background: The urgency of the climate crisis requires attention from biomedical research, not least clinical trials which can involve significant greenhouse gas emissions. The Low Carbon Clinical Trials Working Group set out a strategy to reduce the emissions of clinical trials, starting with the development of a method to measure their carbon footprint (CO Methods: As a first step, we developed a process map defining clinical trial core activities. Corresponding emission factors were sourced to convert activity data into greenhouse gas emissions. The subsequent method was applied to two Cancer Research UK (CRUK)-funded trials (the international randomised sarcoma trial CASPS (ISRCTN63733470) and the UK cohort-based breast cancer trial PRIMETIME (ISRCTN41579286)). A guidance document defining the scope, method and assumptions was written to allow application to any publicly funded/investigator initiated clinical trial. Results: Trial specific activities over and above routine care were grouped into 10 modules covering trial set up, conduct and closure. We identified emission factors for all trial activities within both trials and used them to estimate their total carbon footprint. The carbon footprint of CASPS, an international phase 2 trial of an investigational medicinal product with 47 participants, was 72 tonnes CO Conclusion: We have developed a method and guidance that trialists can use to determine the carbon footprint of clinical trials. The guidance can be used to identify carbon hotspots where alternative approaches to trial design and conduct could reduce a trial footprint, and where methodology research is required to investigate the potential impact of interventions taken to reduce carbon emissions. We will continue to refine the guidance to increase the potential application and improve usability.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; Carbon Footprint ; Greenhouse Gases ; Biomedical Research ; Breast Neoplasms/therapy ; Carbon
Chemical Substances	Greenhouse Gases ; Carbon (7440-44-0)
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2599832-8
ISSN	2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
ISSN (online)	2044-6055
ISSN	2044-6055
DOI	10.1136/bmjopen-2023-075755
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Article ; Online: Rhythmic musical activities may strengthen connectivity between brain networks associated with aging-related deficits in timing and executive functions.

Colverson, Aaron / Barsoum, Stephanie / Cohen, Ronald / Williamson, John

Experimental gerontology

2024 Volume 186, Page(s) 112354

Abstract: Brain aging and common conditions of aging (e.g., hypertension) affect networks important in organizing information, processing speed and action programming (i.e., executive functions). Declines in these networks may affect timing and could have an ... ...

Abstract	Brain aging and common conditions of aging (e.g., hypertension) affect networks important in organizing information, processing speed and action programming (i.e., executive functions). Declines in these networks may affect timing and could have an impact on the ability to perceive and perform musical rhythms. There is evidence that participation in rhythmic musical activities may help to maintain and even improve executive functioning (near transfer), perhaps due to similarities in brain regions underlying timing, musical rhythm perception and production, and executive functioning. Rhythmic musical activities may present as a novel and fun activity for older adults to stimulate interacting brain regions that deteriorate with aging. However, relatively little is known about neurobehavioral interactions between aging, timing, rhythm perception and production, and executive functioning. In this review, we account for these brain-behavior interactions to suggest that deeper knowledge of overlapping brain regions associated with timing, rhythm, and cognition may assist in designing more targeted preventive and rehabilitative interventions to reduce age-related cognitive decline and improve quality of life in populations with neurodegenerative disease. Further research is needed to elucidate the functional relationships between brain regions associated with aging, timing, rhythm perception and production, and executive functioning to direct design of targeted interventions.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Aged ; Executive Function ; Music ; Quality of Life ; Neurodegenerative Diseases ; Brain ; Aging/psychology
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	390992-x
ISSN	1873-6815 ; 0531-5565
ISSN (online)	1873-6815
ISSN	0531-5565
DOI	10.1016/j.exger.2023.112354
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Zs.A 579: Show issues

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Article: Premature Burial.

Williamson, J R

The Hospital

2018 Volume 35, Issue 911, Page(s) 437

Language	English
Publishing date	2018-05-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	0267-6478
ISSN	0267-6478
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Article ; Online: Nephrogenic Adenoma Intermixed With Urothelial Carcinoma.

Kryvenko, Oleksandr N / Wasco, Matthew J / Williamson, Sean R

Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine

2023 Volume 147, Issue 5, Page(s) 552–558

Abstract: Context.—: Nephrogenic adenoma (NA) is a common urinary tract lesion typically associated with urothelial disruption, leading to implantation of shed renal tubular cells. NA may demonstrate a spectrum of architectural and cytologic features mimicking ... ...

Abstract	Context.—: Nephrogenic adenoma (NA) is a common urinary tract lesion typically associated with urothelial disruption, leading to implantation of shed renal tubular cells. NA may demonstrate a spectrum of architectural and cytologic features mimicking urothelial carcinoma (UC), adenocarcinoma (including clear cell adenocarcinoma and prostatic adenocarcinoma), and invasion. However, admixed UC and NA has not been described. Objective.—: To describe cases where the NA was intimately intermixed with UC, potentially mimicking variant differentiation or invasion. Design.—: In 3 health care systems we identified specimens of NA and UC intimately intermixed with each other to the extent that they could mimic a spectrum of one lesion. We assessed patterns of NA and clinical implications of misdiagnosing NA as glandular differentiation of UC. Results.—: There were 4 women and 29 men (median age, 72 years; range, 31-89 years). Twenty-four patients had transurethral resections, 3 had biopsies, and 6 had major resections. Fourteen had noninvasive high-grade papillary UC, 6 had carcinoma in situ, and 11 had invasive high-grade UC. In 2 patients, NA developed in a papillary urothelial neoplasm with extensive denudation. Three patients had fibromyxoid NA infiltrated by invasive UC. Classical NA (n = 30) had tubulopapillary (n = 18), pure tubular (n = 7), or pure papillary architecture (n = 5). In 1 lesion, NA was present in muscularis propria, and 2 lesions involved adventitia. NA could have been misdiagnosed as invasion in 17 of 22 (77%) noninvasive tumors or higher stage in 19 of 33 (58%). Conclusions.—: NA can be intermingled with high-grade UC, expanding the spectrum of entities that must be considered in the differential diagnosis, as it may mimic glandular or tubular differentiation, invasion, and a higher stage of disease. Misinterpretation of NA in such a setting may incorrectly convey a more aggressive biological potential of cancer to clinicians.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Female ; Aged ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/pathology ; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell/pathology ; Carcinoma, Papillary/pathology ; Carcinoma in Situ/pathology ; Urothelium/pathology ; Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell/pathology ; Adenoma/diagnosis ; Adenoma/pathology
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	194119-7
ISSN	1543-2165 ; 0363-0153 ; 0096-8528 ; 0003-9985
ISSN (online)	1543-2165
ISSN	0363-0153 ; 0096-8528 ; 0003-9985
DOI	10.5858/arpa.2021-0620-OA
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Article ; Online: Interactions between the protein barnase and co-solutes studied by NMR.

Trevitt, Clare R / Yashwanth Kumar, D R / Fowler, Nicholas J / Williamson, Mike P

Communications chemistry

2024 Volume 7, Issue 1, Page(s) 44

Abstract: Protein solubility and stability depend on the co-solutes present. There is little theoretical basis for selection of suitable co-solutes. Some guidance is provided by the Hofmeister series, an empirical ordering of anions according to their effect on ... ...

Abstract	Protein solubility and stability depend on the co-solutes present. There is little theoretical basis for selection of suitable co-solutes. Some guidance is provided by the Hofmeister series, an empirical ordering of anions according to their effect on solubility and stability; and by osmolytes, which are small organic molecules produced by cells to allow them to function in stressful environments. Here, NMR titrations of the protein barnase with Hofmeister anions and osmolytes are used to measure and locate binding, and thus to separate binding and bulk solvent effects. We describe a rationalisation of Hofmeister (and inverse Hofmeister) effects, which is similar to the traditional chaotrope/kosmotrope idea but based on solvent fluctuation rather than water withdrawal, and characterise how co-solutes affect protein stability and solubility, based on solvent fluctuations. This provides a coherent explanation for solute effects, and points towards a more rational basis for choice of excipients.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2929562-2
ISSN	2399-3669 ; 2399-3669
ISSN (online)	2399-3669
ISSN	2399-3669
DOI	10.1038/s42004-024-01127-0
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Article ; Online: Correction: Considerations for Subgroup Analyses in Cluster-Randomized Trials Based on Aggregated Individual-Level Predictors.

Williamson, Brian D / Coley, R Yates / Hsu, Clarissa / McCracken, Courtney E / Cook, Andrea J

Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research

2024

Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Published Erratum
ZDB-ID	2251270-6
ISSN	1573-6695 ; 1389-4986
ISSN (online)	1573-6695
ISSN	1389-4986
DOI	10.1007/s11121-024-01647-0
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Article: Independent validation of downscaled climate estimates from a coastal Alaska watershed using local historical weather journals.

Williamson, Emily R / Sergeant, Christopher J

PeerJ

2021 Volume 9, Page(s) e12055

Abstract: Downscaling coarse global and regional climate models allows researchers to access weather and climate data at finer temporal and spatial resolution, but there remains a need to compare these models with empirical data sources to assess model accuracy. ... ...

Abstract	Downscaling coarse global and regional climate models allows researchers to access weather and climate data at finer temporal and spatial resolution, but there remains a need to compare these models with empirical data sources to assess model accuracy. Here, we validate a widely used software for generating North American downscaled climate data, ClimateNA, with a novel empirical data source, 20th century weather journals kept by Admiralty Island, Alaska homesteader, Allen Hasselborg. Using Hasselborg's journals, we calculated monthly precipitation and monthly mean of the maximum daily air temperature across the years 1926 to 1954 and compared these to ClimateNA data generated from the Hasselborg homestead location and adjacent areas. To demonstrate the utility and potential implications of this validation for other disciplines such as hydrology, we used an established regression equation to generate time series of 95% low duration flow estimates for the month of August using mean annual precipitation from ClimateNA predictions and Hasselborg data. Across 279 months, we found strong correlation between modeled and observed measurements of monthly precipitation (
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2703241-3
ISSN	2167-8359
ISSN	2167-8359
DOI	10.7717/peerj.12055
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